TWI431159B - 補充組合物及補充預處理組合物之方法 - Google Patents
補充組合物及補充預處理組合物之方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI431159B TWI431159B TW099134489A TW99134489A TWI431159B TW I431159 B TWI431159 B TW I431159B TW 099134489 A TW099134489 A TW 099134489A TW 99134489 A TW99134489 A TW 99134489A TW I431159 B TWI431159 B TW I431159B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- group
- composition
- combination
- ion
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 41
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 21
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- -1 metal halide ion Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/86—Regeneration of coating baths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Package Specialized In Special Use (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/575,731 US8951362B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2009-10-08 | Replenishing compositions and methods of replenishing pretreatment compositions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201131017A TW201131017A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
| TWI431159B true TWI431159B (zh) | 2014-03-21 |
Family
ID=43259899
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW099134489A TWI431159B (zh) | 2009-10-08 | 2010-10-08 | 補充組合物及補充預處理組合物之方法 |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8951362B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2486168B1 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR101412872B1 (enExample) |
| CN (2) | CN104894544B (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR078577A1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2010303602B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR112012007767B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2774418C (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2735221T3 (enExample) |
| HK (1) | HK1214310A1 (enExample) |
| HU (1) | HUE044418T2 (enExample) |
| IN (1) | IN2012DN02619A (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX374722B (enExample) |
| MY (1) | MY160816A (enExample) |
| PL (1) | PL2486168T3 (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2518819C2 (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TWI431159B (enExample) |
| UA (1) | UA106895C2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2011044099A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9428410B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2016-08-30 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Methods for treating a ferrous metal substrate |
| RU2014138258A (ru) * | 2012-02-23 | 2016-04-10 | Ппг Индастриз Огайо, Инк. | Композиции подпитки и способы подпитки композиций предварительной обработки |
| US20140041764A1 (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-13 | Roberto Zoboli | Steel Pre-Paint Treatment Composition |
| DE102012021865A1 (de) | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-08 | Bejotec Gmbh | Verfahren und Anlage zur Vorbehandlung von zu lackierenden Gegenständen mit metallischen Oberflächen |
| MY171863A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2019-11-05 | Ppg Ind Ohio Inc | Methods for treating a ferrous metal substrate |
| US20160186351A1 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-06-30 | Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. | Replenisher, surface-treated metallic material, and production method thereof |
| HUE036114T2 (hu) * | 2014-12-12 | 2018-06-28 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Optimalizált eljárási rendszer fluorid-tartalmú fürdõkön alapuló korrózióvédelmi fém-elõkezeléshez |
| US10435806B2 (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2019-10-08 | Prc-Desoto International, Inc. | Methods for electrolytically depositing pretreatment compositions |
| JP6551270B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-11 | 2019-07-31 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | 亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法 |
| JPWO2018079812A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-09-19 | キユーピー株式会社 | ゲル組成物及びその製造方法 |
| US11566330B2 (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2023-01-31 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Systems and methods for maintaining pretreatment baths |
Family Cites Families (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1933013C3 (de) | 1969-06-28 | 1978-09-21 | Gerhard Collardin Gmbh, 5000 Koeln | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Schutzschichten auf Aluminium, Eisen und Zink mittels komplexe Fluoride enthaltender Lösungen |
| FR2256227B2 (enExample) | 1974-01-02 | 1979-09-21 | Amchem Prod | |
| NZ195810A (en) | 1979-12-26 | 1983-07-15 | Amchem Prod | Acidic aqueous solution forming a corrosion-resistant coating on aluminium |
| US4370177A (en) | 1980-07-03 | 1983-01-25 | Amchem Products, Inc. | Coating solution for metal surfaces |
| AU4295885A (en) | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-28 | Amchem Products Inc. | Metal treatment |
| US4617068A (en) | 1984-05-18 | 1986-10-14 | Parker Chemical Company | Composition and process for treatment of ferrous substrates |
| SU1465464A1 (ru) | 1987-08-03 | 1989-03-15 | Институт Химии И Химической Технологии Ан Литсср | Композици дл корректировани цинкофосфатных растворов фосфатировани цинка |
| US5281282A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1994-01-25 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metal |
| US5356490A (en) | 1992-04-01 | 1994-10-18 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metal |
| US5534082A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1996-07-09 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metal |
| US5769967A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1998-06-23 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metal |
| CA2220419A1 (en) | 1992-04-01 | 1996-11-14 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metal |
| AU5733594A (en) | 1992-11-30 | 1994-06-22 | Bulk Chemicals, Inc. | A method and composition for treating metal surfaces |
| US5449415A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-09-12 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metals |
| EP0739428B1 (en) | 1993-11-29 | 1999-10-13 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metal |
| US5873952A (en) | 1996-08-20 | 1999-02-23 | Henkel Corporaiton | Process for forming a protective coating on zinciferous metal surfaces |
| US5952049A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1999-09-14 | Natural Coating Systems, Llc | Conversion coatings for metals using group IV-A metals in the presence of little or no fluoride and little or no chromium |
| TW460618B (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2001-10-21 | Henkel Corp | Visible chromium- and phosphorus-free conversion coating for aluminum and its alloys |
| US6758916B1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2004-07-06 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metals |
| US6736908B2 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2004-05-18 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Composition and process for treating metal surfaces and resulting article |
| WO2002028549A1 (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2002-04-11 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for coating metal surfaces |
| MXPA03006677A (es) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-10-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Proceso para tratar articulos de metales multiples. |
| US6764553B2 (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2004-07-20 | Henkel Corporation | Conversion coating compositions |
| US7820300B2 (en) | 2001-10-02 | 2010-10-26 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Article of manufacture and process for anodically coating an aluminum substrate with ceramic oxides prior to organic or inorganic coating |
| US6916414B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2005-07-12 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Light metal anodization |
| US6821633B2 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2004-11-23 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) | Non-chromate conversion coating compositions, process for conversion coating metals, and articles so coated |
| US6881279B2 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2005-04-19 | Henkel Corporation | High performance non-chrome pretreatment for can-end stock aluminum |
| ES2316706T3 (es) | 2002-12-24 | 2009-04-16 | Chemetall Gmbh | Metodo de pre-tratamiento para revestir. |
| US7063735B2 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2006-06-20 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Coating composition |
| MXPA05006053A (es) * | 2003-01-10 | 2005-08-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Una composicion de revestimiento. |
| US20060172064A1 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2006-08-03 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process of coating metals prior to cold forming |
| RU2261291C1 (ru) | 2004-01-16 | 2005-09-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество "ЭКОХИММАШ" | Композиция для получения защитного фосфатного покрытия и корректирующий состав для нее |
| CN1811014A (zh) | 2005-01-29 | 2006-08-02 | 金孟明 | 一种环保型铝材无铬化学转化水基溶液及制备 |
| US8673091B2 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2014-03-18 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc | Pretreatment compositions and methods for coating a metal substrate |
| BRPI0909501B1 (pt) * | 2008-03-17 | 2019-03-26 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Método |
| DE102008014465B4 (de) * | 2008-03-17 | 2010-05-12 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Mittel zur optimierten Passivierung auf Ti-/Zr-Basis für Metalloberflächen und Verfahren zur Konversionsbehandlung |
-
2009
- 2009-10-08 US US12/575,731 patent/US8951362B2/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-10-05 UA UAA201205614A patent/UA106895C2/uk unknown
- 2010-10-05 MY MYPI2012001286A patent/MY160816A/en unknown
- 2010-10-05 HU HUE10763956 patent/HUE044418T2/hu unknown
- 2010-10-05 WO PCT/US2010/051429 patent/WO2011044099A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-10-05 AU AU2010303602A patent/AU2010303602B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-10-05 MX MX2012003629A patent/MX374722B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2010-10-05 BR BR112012007767-8A patent/BR112012007767B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-10-05 CN CN201510164204.3A patent/CN104894544B/zh active Active
- 2010-10-05 PL PL10763956T patent/PL2486168T3/pl unknown
- 2010-10-05 ES ES10763956T patent/ES2735221T3/es active Active
- 2010-10-05 CN CN201080044874.7A patent/CN102575355B/zh active Active
- 2010-10-05 CA CA2774418A patent/CA2774418C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-10-05 IN IN2619DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN02619A/en unknown
- 2010-10-05 RU RU2012118690/02A patent/RU2518819C2/ru active
- 2010-10-05 EP EP10763956.9A patent/EP2486168B1/en active Active
- 2010-10-05 KR KR1020127011784A patent/KR101412872B1/ko active Active
- 2010-10-08 AR ARP100103685A patent/AR078577A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2010-10-08 TW TW099134489A patent/TWI431159B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2016
- 2016-03-02 HK HK16102433.3A patent/HK1214310A1/zh unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1172932A1 (en) | 2013-05-03 |
| KR101412872B1 (ko) | 2014-06-26 |
| US20110083580A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| HK1214310A1 (zh) | 2016-07-22 |
| CN104894544B (zh) | 2017-11-21 |
| KR20120065443A (ko) | 2012-06-20 |
| RU2012118690A (ru) | 2013-11-20 |
| PL2486168T3 (pl) | 2019-11-29 |
| MX2012003629A (es) | 2012-04-30 |
| TW201131017A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
| EP2486168B1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
| HUE044418T2 (hu) | 2019-10-28 |
| IN2012DN02619A (enExample) | 2015-09-04 |
| MY160816A (en) | 2017-03-31 |
| AR078577A1 (es) | 2011-11-16 |
| CA2774418C (en) | 2015-12-01 |
| BR112012007767A2 (pt) | 2018-03-20 |
| US8951362B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
| EP2486168A1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
| UA106895C2 (uk) | 2014-10-27 |
| BR112012007767B1 (pt) | 2020-12-08 |
| ES2735221T3 (es) | 2019-12-17 |
| CN104894544A (zh) | 2015-09-09 |
| AU2010303602B2 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
| MX374722B (es) | 2025-03-06 |
| CA2774418A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| RU2518819C2 (ru) | 2014-06-10 |
| WO2011044099A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| AU2010303602A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
| CN102575355B (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN102575355A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |