TWI428827B - 網路表格的資料驅動操作 - Google Patents
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Description
本發明關於網路表格的操作。
電子表格常用於收集資訊。電子表格可在本地使用或透過一通信網路使用,例如企業內網路或網際網路。對於在本地使用的電子表格,一使用者的電腦可在本地存取關於一電子表格的檢視資訊及資料資訊。利用此檢視資訊,該使用者的電腦可以使得該使用者檢視並輸入資料到該電子表格中。利用此資料資訊,該使用者的電腦可以進行電子表格的資料操作,像是驗證輸入到一欄位中的資料,加入數個欄位之資料,並移動該結果到另一個欄位等等。
對於透過一網路使用的電子表格,一使用者的電腦連繫到一網路電腦來進行使用電子表格。依此方式,通常該使用者之網路瀏覽器自該網路電腦接收到檢視資訊,而非資料資訊。此檢視資訊可由該使用者的網路瀏覽器使用,以允許該使用者檢視並輸入資訊到該電子表格中。
為了對該電子表格進行資料操作,該使用者的網路瀏覽器通常需要對每個資料操作連繫到該網路電腦。例如,一使用者可以輸入一產品價格到一網路表格的一資料登錄欄位,以及輸入這些產品的數量到另一資料登錄欄位。一資料操作可由將該產品之價格乘以數量來計算一總價。為了以表格呈現此總價,通常該使用者的網路瀏覽器傳送該價格與該數量到該網路電腦,並等待該網路電腦計算總價,產生整個表格之新的檢視資訊,但現在包括了此總價,並將其傳送到網路瀏覽器。該網路瀏覽器則可基於此新的檢視資訊呈現總價給該使用者。
但是,連繫到該網路電腦會減慢該使用者的網路瀏覽器,而足以不良地影響到使用者之編輯經驗。在某些例子中,該網路電腦會佔用相當的時間來接收來自該瀏覽器之請求,執行該資料操作,並傳送新的檢視資訊給瀏覽器。同時,連繫該網路電腦會由於該網路或是瀏覽器的連繫方式(例如使用一撥接數據機)而很慢,藉此有可能影響到一使用者之編輯經驗。
此外,讓該網路電腦執行資料操作會消耗一些網路電腦之資源。消耗這些資源會減緩或抑制了該網路電腦服務其它使用者的能力。
因此,本發明係由於關於執行網路表格之資料操作而產生。
本發明係描述一種系統及/方法(「工具」),其可進行關於改變一網路表格之資料實例的資料驅動操作,而不會改變及/或存取到該資料實例。
以下的說明描述了一或多種工具,其可進行關於改變一網路表格之資料實例之資料驅動操作,而不會改變及/或存取到該資料實例。在一具體實施例中,一工具執行一資料驅動操作,而不會本地存取到一網路表格之資料實例,且不會非本地性地連繫以存取到該資料實例,例如藉由與具有該資料實例之網路電腦往返通信。
在另一具體實施例中,一工具提交一網路表格之資料驅動操作的結果,而不需要轉換該網路表格之資料實例。該工具亦可如此,而不需要存取到及/或改變該資料實例。此可允許一使用者編輯一網路表格中的一控制項,並檢視由該使用者編輯所驅動之資料驅動操作的結果,而不需要該工具存取或改變該網路表格之資料實例。此可允許一使用者編輯該表格,並檢視由許可編輯所驅動之操作的結果,而不需要等待具有該資料實例之網路電腦之往返通信。不需要執行一往返通信可以藉由使其更加順暢、更快及/或更為無縫來改善一使用者的編輯經驗。不需要執行一往返通信來檢視一操作的結果亦會降低服務該網路表格之網路電腦所需要的資源。
在另一具體實施例中,一工具透過將一資料驅動操作對映到一電子表格之顯示樣板來建立了一關係。該工具亦可藉由轉換一電子表格的資料實例之一操作的中央資料地圖到該電子表格之顯示樣板的一中央檢視地圖來達到。此中央檢視地圖可用於,例如使得一工具來執行該資料驅動的操作,而不需要存取到該網路表格之資料實例。
在詳細描述該等工具之前,以下提供對一範例性作業環境之討論來協助讀者瞭解在何時以及如何使用該等工具。以下所提供的說明僅構成一個範例,且其並非要限制該等工具之應用到任何一個特定的作業環境。
第1圖所示為這樣一個作業環境100,其包含一電腦102、一通信網路104、及一網路電腦106。該電腦如所示包含一或多個處理器108,及電腦可讀取媒體110。該等處理器能夠存取及/或執行該電腦可讀取媒體。該電腦可讀取媒體包含一網路瀏覽器112、一事件記錄114、及接收媒體116。該接收媒體與該網路電腦之媒體之間的虛線顯示出這些指定的媒體可由該電腦從該網路電腦下載。
該通信網路提供該電腦與該網路電腦之間的通信,並可包含一或多個企業內網路,像是一公司的內部網路、網際網路、及類似者。
該網路電腦係顯示成包含電腦可讀取媒體118。該電腦可讀取媒體包含一網路表格120,其包含一資料實例122、一方案124管理該網路表格、及中央資料的資料驅動操作126。該網路表格的資料實例為該網路表格之一特定資料實例;因此,如果該網路表格之結構或資料改變(例如由使用者輸入資訊到該網路表格的一檢視),該網路表格的資料實例即在某個時間被改變,以反應該變化。該中央資料的資料驅動操作為一種由資料實例中的資料改變所驅動的操作,並可對映到該資料實例。
該網路電腦之電腦可讀取媒體亦顯示出包含檢視資訊128、一檢視樣板130、中央檢視操作132、一操作者應用134、及初始資料136。該檢視資訊、檢視樣板、中央檢視操作、操作者應用、及初始資料可被結合或分開。
該檢視資訊為足以讓該網路瀏覽器顯示該網路表格的一可編輯檢視的資訊。此檢視資訊亦足以讓該網路瀏覽器及/或該操作者應用顯示出由於執行一操作造成對於該可編輯之檢視的變化。在一具體實施例中,該檢視資訊包含超文字機器語言(HTML),其係來自於該資料實例之一可延伸標示語言(XML)具體實施例的XML Stylesheet語言轉換(XSLT)所宣告的一轉換所造成。此HTML可由該網路瀏覽器用以顯示該網路表格。同時在此具體實施例中,該網路表格的方案包含XML方案(XSD)。此方案可包含資料為中心的操作,以驗證該網路表格。
該檢視樣板包含該網路表格的一中央檢視邏輯性表示。在一具體實施例中,該檢視樣板的結構為其中檢視資訊可被對映,而足以讓該操作者應用及/或該瀏覽器建構該網路表格的一檢視。該檢視樣板的結構在另一具體實施例中亦可為其中操作係有關連,而足以讓該操作者應用回應於一使用者互動而以該檢視樣板的一部份執行操作。
該中央檢視操作包含資料驅動操作,其可被識別或對映成在該檢視樣板中的位置或節點。
該操作者應用可結合於或獨立於該網路瀏覽器,其能夠執行資料驅動作業,而不需要改變及/或存取該網路表格的資料實例122。
此初始資料包含儲存的資料,例如預設資料。預設資料可包含例如簡單欄位(像是日期、匯率及名稱欄位)之數值,重覆的一些表列、表格及列。其它儲存的資料可包含先前輸入到該網路表格之資料,例如當一表格改變、提交、並在稍後重新打開來檢視或進一步編輯時。
這些元件的多個具體實施例,特別是產生一中央檢視資料驅動操作之範例性程序,皆在以下更為詳細的說明。在描述此程序之後,將說明進行這些及其它操作的範例性工具。
許多電子表格之資料驅動操作係關連於一表格的資料實例,例如藉由對映到該表格的資料實例。但是此關係會需要存取該資料實例,其對於透過一網路存取之電子表格並不合適。
用於產生一資料為中心之資料驅動操作之範例性程序200係示於第2圖,並在以下說明。此程序藉由轉換一關連到一網路表格的資料實例之既有的資料為中心之資料驅動操作到一關連到該網路表格的檢視樣板之資料為中心的操作來產生一中央檢視資料驅動操作。程序200例示為一系列的方塊,其代表由第1圖之作業環境100之元件所執行的個別作業或動作,例如操作者應用134。此處所述的此程序及其它程序可以實施成任何適當的硬體、軟體、韌體、或其組合;如果是軟體及韌體,這些程序可以代表一組作業,其可實施成儲存在電腦可讀取媒體118中的電腦可執行指令,及網路電腦106之處理器可執行者,及/或在電腦可讀取媒體110中,並由處理器108可以執行。
為了例示該程序200,顯示了一網路表格120之範例的一訂單300示於第3圖中。在該訂單中,顯示了控制項的一檢視,此處有一名稱欄位302、一電話欄位304、項目欄位306a及306b,數量欄位308a及308b,單價欄位310a及310b、總計欄位312a及312b,及一總價欄位314。該訂單的方案、資料實例、及檢視樣板皆有助於描述該程序,且皆在以下提出。
決定了該網路表格之資料實例的資料庫結構描述(schema)可表示如下:root name phone orders order itemid quantity unitprice total total
由此資料庫結構描述決定的該資料實例可以表示如下:<root> <name></name> <phone></phone> <orders> <order> <itemid></itemid> <quantity></quantity> <unitPrice></unitPrice> <total></total> </order> <order> <itemid></itemid> <quantity></quantity> <unitPrice></unitPrice> <total></total> </order> </orders> <total></total> </root>
以及,此表格的檢視樣板可表示如下:V1-/root T1-name T2-phone R1-orders/order T1-itemid T2-quantity T3-price T4-total T3-total
請回到第2圖,在方塊202中,一工具(如操作者應用134)找出將一資料驅動操作(如第1圖之資料為中心的資料驅動操作126之一)對映到資料實例122之關係。此關係可以包含一引導路徑,例如一XML路徑語言(XPath)表示式。
繼續該例示的具體實施例,假設該資料實例具有兩個中央資料的資料驅動操作。這些操作可以表示如下:target="/root/orders/order/total" expression="../quantity*../unitPrice"
以及target="/root/total" expression="sum(../orders/order/total)"
該第一操作係由在該資料實例的數量節點中的資料乘以在該資料實例的單價節點中的資料所架構而成。該第二操作係為將該訂單節點的子節點之資料實例的總計節點中所有資料的加總所架構而成。
該引導路徑可由這些資料為中心的資料驅動操作中擷取,其在此例中為XPath表示式。該等工具擷取以下的XPaths:/root/orders/order/total
以及/root/total
如所示,這些XPaths對映到該資料實例。該第一對映到為該「訂單」節點之子節點的兩個總計節點(呈現為第3圖中的總計欄位312a及312b)。該第二對映到只是該根節點之子節點的該總計節點(呈現為第3圖中的該總價欄位314)。
在方塊204中,該工具建構了對應於該引導路徑的一檢視樣板路徑。該工具可關連該引導路徑到該檢視樣板,以轉換該引導路徑成為該檢視樣板路徑。該工具亦可比較由該引導路徑所對映的該資料實例的該部份與該檢視樣板的結構。如果該工具發現到對應於該資料實例的被對映之部份的該檢視樣板的一節點,該工具可建構對映此節點的一檢視樣板路徑。
繼續該例示的具體實施例,該工具決定那一個檢視樣板節點對應於由該引導路徑所對映的該資料實例。該檢視樣板可以表示成如下:V1-/root T1-name T2-phone R1-orders/order T1-itemid T2-quantity T3-price T4-total T3-total
該工具決定了由"/root/orders/order/totaI"
之引導路徑所對映的該資料實例節點為:<root><orders><order><total></total> </order></orders></root>
對應在該檢視樣板到:V1/R1/T4
類似地,該工具決定了該第二資料驅動操作之資料實例節點係對應到:V1/T3
另外,該工具藉由決定對應到由該引導路徑所對映的該方案節點的該檢視樣板之節點來轉換該引導路徑。在某些狀況下,決定該電子表格之方案的結構可更為簡單或準確地分析,藉此使得該工具的決定可更為簡單或更為準確。如上所示,關連到該方案節點"/root/orders/order/total"
可以關連到:V1-/root R1-orders/order T4-total
以找出該檢視樣板的"V1/R1/T4"
。
在某些狀況下,沒有檢視樣板節點會對應到由該引導路徑所對映的該資料實例節點。其中一種狀況為一操作所對映到的一資料實例節點並無法影響該表格的檢視。如果一資料實例(或方案)的一節點具有一相關的操作,其可改變例如在一節點中無法檢視的資料,則該操作在該檢視樣板中可以不具有一相對應節點。
如果該工具決定該資料實例中所對映到的部份在該檢視樣板中不具有一相對應節點,該工具即不會進行。如果其決定是另一種狀況,即進行到方塊206。在所示的具體實施例中,兩個中央資料的資料驅動操作能夠影響該檢視,並在該檢視樣板中具有一相對應節點。該工具建構檢視樣板路徑到這些相對應節點。
在方塊206中,該工具利用對映該資料驅動操作到該檢視樣板的一檢視樣板路徑取代對應了對映該資料驅動操作到該資料實例的該引導路徑。
繼續該例示的具體實施例,該資料驅動操作之引導路徑為:/root/orders/order/total
以及/root/total
該等工具利用檢視樣板路徑取代這些引導路徑。因此,該資料為中心的資料驅動操作即轉換到中央檢視資料驅動操作,例如:target="V1/R1/T4" expression="../T2 * ../T3"
以及target="V1/T3" expression="sum(../R1/T4)"
在方塊208中,在一些具體實施例中,該工具以該資料驅動操作註解該檢視樣板。該檢視樣板路徑代表一操作所對映的該檢視樣板的一或多個節點。該工具可註解這些節點以指出該操作可由對這些節點之改變所觸發。該檢視樣板亦可由該操作本身所註解,藉此結合該操作及該檢視樣板。
繼續該例示的具體實施例,該等工具利用該中央檢視操作註解該檢視樣板:V1-/root T1-name T2-phone R1-orders/order T1-itemid T2-quantity data_action= { target= ../T4 expression =Multiply(Select(../T2),Select(../T3)) } T3-price data_action= { target= ../T4 expression =Multiply(Select(../T2),Select(../T3)) } T4-total data_action= { target= ../../T3 expression =Sum(Select(../R1/T4)) } T3-total
此註解的檢視樣板代表"V1/R1/T2"
節點(顯示為該數量欄位308a)及"V1/R1/T3"
節點(顯示為該數量欄位310b)之資料可以相乘,且該結果置於該"V1/R1/T4"
節點中(顯示為該總計欄位312a)。該檢視樣板亦代表這些節點之每個遞迴皆相同(例如欄位308b,310b及312b)。
該檢視樣板亦代表"V1/R1/T4"
之每個節點的資料(顯示為總計欄位312a及312b)可被加總,且該結果置於另一個節點中,即為"V1/T3"
(顯示為總價欄位314)。
對於第4圖所顯示之範例性程序400的一部份當中,該等工具執行關於改變一網路表格之資料實例的資料驅動操作,而不改變及/或存取到該資料實例。同時在此程序中,一工具提交一網路表格之資料驅動操作的結果,而不轉換該網路表格之資料實例。程序400係例示成一系列的方塊,代表由第1圖之作業環境100之元件所執行的作業或操作,例如操作者應用134。
在方塊402中,網路瀏覽器112接收一使用者的選擇以編輯一網路表格。例如,假設該使用者正在瀏覽網路上可取得的表格,並選擇來編輯第3圖之訂單300。
在方塊404中,該網路瀏覽器接收到資訊足以使得電腦102顯示及接收對於該網路表格之編輯。此資訊可包含來自第1圖之網路電腦106之電腦可讀取媒體,例如檢視資訊128、檢視樣板130、中央檢視操作132、操作者應用134、及初始資料136。利用該檢視資訊及檢視樣板,該操作者應用及/或該網路瀏覽器顯示了該表格的一可編輯檢視。
在一具體實施例,該操作者應用利用對映該檢視資訊的片段到該檢視樣板以建構該表格的所有可編輯檢視。這些片段為可檢視的片段,例如HTML,其中該操作者應用可以連接成該表格的整體檢視。這些檢視片段可以包含例如資料登錄欄位、按鈕及其它控制項之可呈現的HTML。
在方塊406中,該電腦呈現出由該使用者所選擇的該網路表格。在所例示的具體實施例中,該操作者應用呈現第3圖之訂單。
在方塊408中,該網路瀏覽器接收到對該網路表格一控制項的編輯。該使用者可由輸入資料到一欄位、選擇一按鈕及類似者來編輯該表格。
繼續所例示的具體實施例,該網路瀏覽器接收輸入到名稱欄位302之資料。此資料被推入到該檢視中,如第5圖所示。
在方塊410中,該操作者應用決定是否一操作係關連於該編輯。在一具體實施例中,該操作者應用分析操作以決定是否有任何一個關連於(例如對映到)由該使用者編輯的節點。在另一具體實施例中,該操作者應用引導該檢視樣板,以找出關連於該編輯(如果有的話)之操作。如果沒有關連於該編輯的資料驅動操作,該操作者應用跳回到方塊408,以從該使用者處接收額外的編輯。如果有資料驅動操作時,該操作者應用進行到方塊412(或跳到方塊414)。
繼續所例示的具體實施例,該操作者應用引導註釋了操作(如上所示)的檢視樣板,以決定是否有任何操作關連於"V1/T1"
節點(該「名稱節點」),其呈現為第3圖及第5圖中的名稱欄位302。此節點並未具有與其關連的操作。然後該操作者應用回到方塊408。該網路瀏覽器自該使用者接收其它的編輯;登錄該使用者的電話號碼到該電話欄位304,如第5圖所示,及輸入一項目識別項到項目節點306a,亦如第5圖中所示。這些登錄亦未關連於一資料驅動操作。
該使用者接著輸入一數量到該數量欄位308a,其係在方塊408接收,並示於第5圖。在方塊410中該操作者應用決定一操作是否關連於此編輯。
繼續所例示的具體實施例,該操作者應用引導該檢視樣板以決定一操作是否關連於該接收到的編輯。該註解的檢視樣板可以表示成如下:V1-/root T1-name T2-phone R1-orders/order T1-itemid T2-quantity data_action= { target= ../T4 expression =Multiply(Select(../T2),Select(../T3)) T3-price data_action= { target= ../T4 expression =Multiply(Select(../T2),Select(../T3)) } T4-total data_action= { target= ../../T3 expression =Sum(Select(../R1/T4)) } T3-total
該操作者應用引導此檢視樣板,並決定以下的資料驅動操作係關連於該使用者所編輯的該數量節點:data_action= { target= ../T4 expression =Multiply(Select(../T2),Select(../T3)) }
在方塊412中,該操作者應用決定執行該關連的操作是否將會影響該檢視。另外,該操作者應用可跳過方塊412到方塊414。
該操作者應用藉由引導該檢視樣板以決定是否該操作將會影響該檢視,以決定該檢視樣板的那些節點會由於執行該操作而改變。
在以下的具體實施例中,該操作者應用決定了關連於該數量節點之資料驅動操作將在該"V1/R1/T2"
節點中的資料乘以在該"V1/R1/T3"
節點中的資料,並將此結果置於該目標節點"V1/R1/T4"
。因此,在數量欄位308a中的資料"17"乘以在該單價欄位310a中的無資料(零),其結果"0"即置於該總計欄位312a中。在此例中,執行該操作的結果並不影響該檢視。該總計欄位312a已經有一個零。在此例中,該操作者應用可放棄執行關連於此數量節點的操作及/或其它操作,例如更新該表格的資料(即並不執行方塊416),並呈現出執行此操作的結果(即並不執行方塊418)。如果該操作者應用放棄執行該操作及/或這些其它操作,其即回到方塊408。
回到方塊408,該網路瀏覽器接收到其它編輯,一單價的此時間登錄到該單價欄位310a。該價格係顯示在第6圖中的欄位310a("299.99")。
然後該操作者應用在方塊410中決定該操作關連於該編輯。繼續所例示的具體實施例,該操作者應用引導註解了該等操作之檢視樣板(如上所示),並決定出一操作關連於"V1/R1/T3"
節點(該「價格」節點)。
引導了上述的檢視樣板,該操作者應用決定以下的資料驅動操作關連於該使用者所編輯的該價格節點:data_action= { target= ../T4 expression =Multiply(Select(../T2),Select(../T3)) }
然後該操作者應用決定該操作將影響該檢視。其係藉由引導該檢視樣板來進行,以決定該檢視樣板的那些節點會由執行該操作所改變。
在進行中的具體實施例中,該操作者應用決定了關連於該數量節點之資料驅動操作將在該"V1/R1/T2"
節點中的資料乘以在該"V1/R1/T3"
節點中的資料,並將此結果置於該目標節點"V1/R1/T4"
。因此,在數量欄位308a中所示的資料"17"乘以在該單價欄位310a中所示的"299.99",其結果"0"不同於目前在該總計欄位312a中所呈現的零。
在方塊414中,該操作者應用執行該操作,而並不存取及/或改變該表格的資料實例。在此範例性程序中,該操作者應用使用該檢視樣板,而非一資料實例,藉以讓該操作者應用不需要存取或改變該表格的資料實例。該操作者應用可執行該資料驅動操作,在某些狀況下,不需要任何非本地性通信,藉以潛在地改善該使用者的編輯經驗。在一具體實施例中,該操作者應用藉由執行一表示式,並將該檢視樣板的一節點置於會呈現出結果的樣板,以執行該操作。
在進行中的具體實施例中,該操作者應用將輸入到該數量欄位中的資料"17"乘以輸入到該單價欄位中的資料"299.99",而得到結果"5099.83"。
在方塊416中,該操作者應用更新該表格的資料。該表格的此資料可以在本地儲存,其可允許對該網路電腦之較少的往返通信。在進行中的具體實施例中,該操作者應用更新第一個總計節點中的零(呈現為總計欄位312a)為該結果"5099.83"。該操作者應用可直接進行到方塊418,以呈現此結果在該檢視中,但亦可先決定是否此資料改變觸發了任何其它的操作。如果是的話,該操作者應用可在呈現出不同操作之結果之前,可執行所有被觸發的操作(某些操作可觸發另一個操作,其會觸發另一個操作,依此類推)。
類似於方塊408,410,412及414,該操作者應用可進行到接收資料(例如來自一執行的操作之結果)、決定該接收到該資料的節點是否關連於一操作,決定是否該操作會影響該檢視,並執行該操作。因此,在該進行中的具體實施例中的操作者應用接收在上述執行之操作的結果到該總計節點。然後該操作者應用決定所「編輯」的該節點(例如由該操作之執行所自動接收到的一結果)是否有與其關連的另一個操作。如果是的話,其即可決定執行該另一個操作是否將會影響該檢視,且如果是的話,即會執行另一個操作。
在該進行中的具體實施例中,該操作者應用決定該總計節點之結果具有另一個相關的操作。此操作可以表示如下:data_action= { target= ../../T3 expression =Sum(Select(../R1/T4)) }
因此,該總計節點("V1/R1/T4")
具有一相關的資料驅動操作。此操作加總該總計節點及所有其它總計節點的資料。此加總的結果即會目標在於該"V1/T3"
總計節點(呈現為該總價欄位314)。
接著該操作者應用決定了執行此加總操作會影響該檢視。該操作者應用執行此操作,加總該第一及第二總計節點之資料,其為"5099.83"及"0",得到結果為"5099.83"。
該操作者應用可記錄輸入及由該等操作所得到的此資料,例如在一本地儲存的架構性結構化資料樹或事件記錄114。該資料樹具有該進行中的具體實施例之資料與結果,其可表示成:(V1) (Dave,T1) (425-555-1234.T2) (R1_1) (1756,T1) (17,T2) (299.99,T3) (5099.83,T4) (R1_2) (,T1) (,T2) (,T3) (,T4) (5099.83,T3)
在方塊418中,該操作者應用及/或網路瀏覽器呈現出所執行的資料驅動操作之結果,而不轉換該表格的資料實例。該操作者應用在另一具體實施例中亦會呈現對該檢視的改變,而不會存取或改變該資料實例。
該操作者應用藉由標示關連於這些控制項之節點,以追跡在該檢視中那些控制項需要被更新,然後一旦已經執行所有的操作時,即呈現每個這些節點之新資料(但呈現出結果)。
另外,雖然在與選擇性重新呈現相較之下,此會需要額外的時間或資源,但該操作者應用則可重新呈現表格中的所有部分。
為了選擇性地重新呈現部份的檢視,該操作者應用可以決定來自第1圖之檢視資訊128中那些資訊片段係關連於已經被改變的該檢視樣板的節點,例如藉由標示這些節點為髒的。對於上述的檢視樣板,該等標示的節點為"VI/R1_1/T4"及"VI/T3"
。然後該操作者應用將該等結果推入到該檢視的這些片段,或以所加入的該等結果來重新呈現每一個這些片段。
如第6圖所示,該訂單的檢視顯示給該使用者該等資料驅動操作之結果。這些結果如在該總計欄位312a及該總價欄位314中所示,皆為正確地呈現出如果該等資料驅動操作另外關連於該資料實例的話,該檢視會是什麼樣子。因此,藉由放置這些操作的結果到一資料實例中、轉換該資料實例,並呈現出該轉換,此檢視即相同於所示的該檢視。
但是在一些例子中,一資料驅動操作需要橫跨一網路之通信,例如存取到該表格的一資料實例,或是具有執行一操作所需要的資料之資料庫(例如確認所輸入的資料與在一資料庫中的資料)。在這些例子中,該操作者應用可以存取該網路,藉以放棄程序400之許多方塊。
該操作者應用及/或網路瀏覽器可以記錄該使用者的編輯及/或執行多種操作之結果。該等編輯及/或結果之此記錄可被傳送到該網路電腦106,例如在當傳送時不會明顯地妨礙到一使用者的編輯經驗,或是妨礙到該使用者之提交。
該回應於接收此事件記錄的網路電腦,會改變該網路表格的資料實例。這並不會經常發生,藉以來潛在地降低服務該網路表格所需要的資源。
為了進行中的示例,該操作者應用記錄該使用者對該檢視的編輯到事件記錄114中,並傳送此事件記錄到該網路電腦。該網路電腦利用來自該事件記錄之資訊更新資料實例122。在關連於第2圖之說明的開頭處所出現的該資料實例可由該網路電腦使用該事件記錄來改變,在此例中為:<root> <name>Dave</name> <phone>425-555-1234</phone> <orders> <order> <itemid>1756</itermid> <quantity>17</quantity> <unitPrice>299.99</unitPrice> <total>5099.83</total> </order> <order> <itemid></itemid> <quantity></quantity> <unitPrice></unitPrice> <total></total> </order> </orders> <total>5099.83</total> </root>
以上說明的系統及/方法,其可進行關於改變一網路表格之資料實例之資料驅動操作,而不會改變及/或存取到該資料實例。雖然本發明利用結構化特徵及/或方法論步驟的特定語言來說明,其應瞭解到在所附屬申請專利範圍所定義的本發明並不必要受限於所述之特定特徵或步驟。而是,該等特定特徵及步驟係揭示為用以實施所提出之本發明的較佳型式。
100...作業環境
102...電腦
104...通信網路
106...網路電腦
108...處理器
110...電腦可讀取媒體
112...網路瀏覽器
114...事件記錄
116...接收媒體
118...電腦可讀取媒體
120...網路表格
122...資料實例
124...方案
126...中央資料操作
128...檢視資訊
130...檢視樣板
132...中央檢視操作
134...操作者應用
136...初始資料
300...訂單
302...名稱欄位
304...電話欄位
306a...項目欄位
306b...項目欄位
308a...數量欄位
308b...數量欄位
310a...單價欄位
310b...單價欄位
312a...總計欄位
312b...總計欄位
314...總價欄位
第1圖所示為可操作多種具體實施例之範例性作業環境。
第2圖所示為用以產生一中央檢視資料驅動操作的範例性程序之流程圖。
第3圖所示為一網路表格之範例性檢視。
第4圖所示為用以執行關於改變一網路表格之資料實例及/或提交一資料驅動操作之結果的一資料驅動操作的範例性程序之流程圖。
第5圖所示為具有編輯之第3圖的檢視。
第6圖所示為具有一額外編輯之第5圖的檢視,其係由於執行一資料驅動操作所造成。
相同的編號會使用在整個說明及圖面當中以參照到類似的組件及特徵。
Claims (16)
- 一種用於網路表格的資料驅動方法之系統,包含:一或更多個處理器;一或更多個其中儲存有電腦可讀取指令的電腦可讀取媒體,當藉由該一或更多個處理器執行時,使得該系統執行以下動作:透過一網路從一伺服器獲得一網路表格的一下載資料實例,該伺服器經配置以維持該網路表格的一資料實例;呈現該網路表格的一可編輯檢視,該網路表格的該可編輯檢視係在該計算裝置處藉由以下動作從該網路表格的該下載資料實例衍生:擷取一或更多個引導路徑,該一或更多個引導路徑經配置以對映一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至該資料實例;以及轉換該一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至對應的中央檢視之資料驅動操作,並藉由以對應之檢視樣板路徑取代經擷取之該一或更多個引導路徑,而透過該網路表格的該可編輯檢視啟動資料驅動操作,以對映該一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至一檢視樣板;透過一網路表格的該可編輯檢視以接收資料,若該資料改變該資料實例,則該資料能夠驅動 關連於在該伺服器維持之該網路表格的該資料實例之一操作;以及使用一對應之中央檢視之資料驅動操作以透過該網路表格的該可編輯檢視執行該操作而不需改變在該伺服器維持之該資料實例。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,另包含以下動作:決定該資料所關連到的是該網路表格之一中央檢視邏輯表示中的哪一個節點,且其中執行該操作的該動作包含執行關連該節點之該操作。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中執行該操作之動作不需在接收該資料的動作之後存取該資料實例。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,另包含以下動作:決定該資料能夠驅動該操作。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,另包含以下動作:決定若該操作的一結果能夠驅動關連於該資料實例的另一個操作,若該結果改變了該資料實例且若該操作的該結果能夠驅動另一個操作,則執行另一個操作,而並不改變該資料實例。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,另包含以下動作:呈現了執行該操作之該動作的一結果,而不轉換該資料實例。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,另包含以下動作:利用執行該操作之該動作的一結果,更新該網路表格 在本地儲存的資料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,另包含以下動作:決定執行該操作的一結果是否能夠改變該可編輯檢視。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中該動作包含一驗證作業。
- 一種其中具有電腦可讀取指令的電腦可讀取媒體,當由一運算裝置執行時,使得該運算裝置執行以下動作:透過一網路從一伺服器獲得一網路表格的一下載資料實例,該伺服器經配置以維持該網路表格的一資料實例;輸出該網路表格的一可編輯檢視,該網路表格的該可編輯檢視係在該計算裝置處藉由以下動作從該網路表格的該下載資料實例衍生:決定一或更多個引導路徑,以對映一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至該資料實例;擷取該一或更多個引導路徑;以及轉換該一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至對應的中央檢視之資料驅動操作,並藉由以對應之檢視樣板路徑取代經擷取之該一或更多個引導路徑,而透過該網路表格的該可編輯檢視啟動資料驅動操作,以對映該一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至一檢視樣板;使用一中央檢視之資料驅動操作並透過該網路表 格之該可編輯檢視接收該網路表格的一資料驅動操作的一結果;以及呈現該資料驅動操作的該結果在該網路表格的該可編輯檢視中,而不改變維持在該伺服器的該網路表格的資料實例。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之媒體,另包含以下動作:執行該資料驅動操作,而不改變該網路表格的資料實例。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之媒體,其中該呈現的動作之執行而不存取該網路表格的資料實例。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之媒體,其中該接收及呈現的動作可在不對具有該網路表格的資料實例之一網路電腦做一往返通信(roundtrip)的情況下執行。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之媒體,其中呈現該結果之該動作包含以下動作:重新呈現關連於具有該結果的一節點之該可編輯檢視的一部份。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述的媒體,另包含以下動作:標示關連於該結果之該網路表格的一中央檢視邏輯性表示的一節點,且其中呈現該結果之該動作包含重新呈現該節點之動作。
- 一種藉由一客戶端計算裝置執行之方法,該方法包含以下步驟:透過一網路從一伺服器獲得一網路表格的一下載資料實例,該伺服器經配置以維持該網路表格的一資 料實例;輸出該網路表格的一可編輯檢視,該網路表格的該可編輯檢視係在該計算裝置處藉由以下動作從該網路表格的該下載資料實例衍生:決定一或更多個引導路徑,以對映一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至該資料實例;擷取該一或更多個引導路徑;轉換該一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至對應的中央檢視之資料驅動操作,並藉由以對應之檢視樣板路徑之取代經擷取之該一或更多個引導路徑,而透過該網路表格的該可編輯檢視啟動資料驅動操作,以對映該一或更多個資料為中心之資料驅動操作至一檢視樣板;使用一中央檢視之資料驅動操作並夠過該網路表格之該可編輯檢視接收該網路表格的一資料驅動操作的一結果;以及呈現該資料驅動操作的該結果在該網路表格的該可編輯檢視中,而不改變維持在該伺服器的該網路表格的資料實例。
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US9239821B2 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2016-01-19 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Translation file |
US9268760B2 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2016-02-23 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Correlation, association, or correspondence of electronic forms |
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MY147810A (en) | 2013-01-31 |
CA2535131A1 (en) | 2006-09-30 |
KR20060106639A (ko) | 2006-10-12 |
KR101255363B1 (ko) | 2013-04-17 |
JP4806277B2 (ja) | 2011-11-02 |
AU2006200483A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
TW200636577A (en) | 2006-10-16 |
ZA200601696B (en) | 2008-04-30 |
RU2006105526A (ru) | 2007-09-27 |
EP1732017A2 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
CN1841376B (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
KR20120076334A (ko) | 2012-07-09 |
BRPI0600624A (pt) | 2006-11-28 |
CA2535131C (en) | 2014-07-08 |
US7673228B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 |
AU2006200483B2 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
MXPA06002493A (es) | 2006-09-29 |
US20100125778A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
EP1732017A3 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
RU2419842C2 (ru) | 2011-05-27 |
US20060230338A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
JP2006285980A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
KR101255506B1 (ko) | 2013-04-23 |
CN1841376A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
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