TWI380816B - 抑制介白素-12(il-12)生成之二鹽抑制劑 - Google Patents
抑制介白素-12(il-12)生成之二鹽抑制劑 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI380816B TWI380816B TW094111612A TW94111612A TWI380816B TW I380816 B TWI380816 B TW I380816B TW 094111612 A TW094111612 A TW 094111612A TW 94111612 A TW94111612 A TW 94111612A TW I380816 B TWI380816 B TW I380816B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- acid
- salt
- formula
- disease
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000019734 interleukin-12 production Effects 0.000 title description 33
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title description 32
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 68
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical class C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 105
- -1 R c Chemical group 0.000 description 74
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 69
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 65
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 47
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 45
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 41
- 108010065805 Interleukin-12 Proteins 0.000 description 40
- 102000013462 Interleukin-12 Human genes 0.000 description 40
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 40
- 229940117681 interleukin-12 Drugs 0.000 description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 35
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910020008 S(O) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 29
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 26
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229940011871 estrogen Drugs 0.000 description 23
- 239000000262 estrogen Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 22
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 102100040247 Tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 210000000963 osteoblast Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 18
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 17
- 150000003180 prostaglandins Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 17
- 206010065687 Bone loss Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 206010040047 Sepsis Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 11
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 11
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 11
- 239000000199 parathyroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 11
- 208000013223 septicemia Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 208000037147 Hypercalcaemia Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 230000000148 hypercalcaemia Effects 0.000 description 10
- 208000030915 hypercalcemia disease Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229940094443 oxytocics prostaglandins Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 108010074328 Interferon-gamma Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 206010052779 Transplant rejections Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000004968 inflammatory condition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 230000000010 osteolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- CQVKMVQRSNNAGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-formyl-3-methyl-n-(2-methylsulfonyloxyethyl)anilino]ethyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC(N(CCOS(C)(=O)=O)CCOS(C)(=O)=O)=CC=C1C=O CQVKMVQRSNNAGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 208000020084 Bone disease Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 206010051728 Bone erosion Diseases 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 102100037850 Interferon gamma Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 102100036678 Interleukin-27 subunit alpha Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000849 parathyroid Effects 0.000 description 8
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001363 autoimmune Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000002188 osteogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000003982 Parathyroid hormone Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000445 Parathyroid hormone Proteins 0.000 description 6
- RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N Progesterone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N naproxen Chemical compound C1=C([C@H](C)C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000002997 osteoclast Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 229960001319 parathyroid hormone Drugs 0.000 description 6
- WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N salsalate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010009900 Colitis ulcerative Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000003456 Juvenile Arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010059176 Juvenile idiopathic arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000034578 Multiple myelomas Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010030247 Oestrogen deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010031243 Osteogenesis imperfecta Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010035226 Plasma cell myeloma Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 201000006704 Ulcerative Colitis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000019069 chronic childhood arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 102000015694 estrogen receptors Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108010038795 estrogen receptors Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 201000010103 fibrous dysplasia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000013403 hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000026278 immune system disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 201000002215 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037819 metastatic cancer Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000011575 metastatic malignant neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 230000011164 ossification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000028169 periodontal disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 17β-estradiol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000003343 Antiphospholipid Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229940122361 Bisphosphonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000009329 Graft vs Host Disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000030836 Hashimoto thyroiditis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010027476 Metastases Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010039710 Scleroderma Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 206010047115 Vasculitis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004663 bisphosphonates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000024908 graft versus host disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004475 heteroaralkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indomethacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000009401 metastasis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010028417 myasthenia gravis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- CPJSUEIXXCENMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenacetin Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=C(NC(C)=O)C=C1 CPJSUEIXXCENMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012289 standard assay Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+)-estrone Natural products OC1=CC=C2C3CCC(C)(C(CC4)=O)C4C3CCC2=C1 DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OGSPWJRAVKPPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alendronic Acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O OGSPWJRAVKPPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000008439 Biliary Liver Cirrhosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000033222 Biliary cirrhosis primary Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010010741 Conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108010008165 Etanercept Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010072579 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000029523 Interstitial Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000009906 Meningitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000011152 Pemphigus Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000031845 Pernicious anaemia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000012654 Primary biliary cholangitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000031981 Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic Purpura Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108060008683 Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000030961 allergic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940124599 anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000002221 antipyretic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 201000004982 autoimmune uveitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N calcitonin Chemical compound N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(N)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1 BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000029499 cancer-related condition Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000019425 cirrhosis of liver Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diclofenac Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 description 3
- NNYBQONXHNTVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N etodolac Chemical compound C1COC(CC)(CC(O)=O)C2=C1C(C=CC=C1CC)=C1N2 NNYBQONXHNTVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003324 growth hormone secretagogue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- DKYWVDODHFEZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketoprofen Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 DKYWVDODHFEZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000002741 leukoplakia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229920006008 lipopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 210000001616 monocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000041 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000002865 osteopetrosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000001976 pemphigus vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000003819 peripheral blood mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229960003387 progesterone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000186 progesterone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005750 substituted cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OGBMKVWORPGQRR-UMXFMPSGSA-N teriparatide Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CNC=N1 OGBMKVWORPGQRR-UMXFMPSGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 3
- 206010043778 thyroiditis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 102000003298 tumor necrosis factor receptor Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N (+)-Norgestrel Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003161 (C1-C6) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1-[2-[[5-amino-2-[[1-[5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[[1-[3-(1h-indol-3-yl)-2-[(5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbon Chemical compound C1CCC(C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(O)=O)N1C(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAVJTSLIGAGALR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)cyclooctan-1-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C1CCCCCCC1=O ZAVJTSLIGAGALR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 101150078577 Adora2b gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 201000004384 Alopecia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010002556 Ankylosing Spondylitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100033367 Appetite-regulating hormone Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710111255 Appetite-regulating hormone Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010003827 Autoimmune hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010050245 Autoimmune thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010006895 Cachexia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000055006 Calcitonin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108060001064 Calcitonin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000015879 Cerebellar disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010008909 Chronic Hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000557626 Corvus corax Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012442 Dermatitis contact Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000017701 Endocrine disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010029961 Filgrastim Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241001137350 Fratercula Species 0.000 description 2
- 101001066288 Gallus gallus GATA-binding factor 3 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000007465 Giant cell arteritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100039619 Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100039620 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 206010018691 Granuloma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000003807 Graves Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000015023 Graves' disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000035186 Hemolytic Autoimmune Anemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010019755 Hepatitis chronic active Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101000713602 Homo sapiens T-box transcription factor TBX21 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ibuprofen Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=C1 HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100020792 Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710103840 Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000016604 Lyme disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZRVUJXDFFKFLMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meloxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=NC=C(C)S1 ZRVUJXDFFKFLMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000019430 Motor disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000009525 Myocarditis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- BLXXJMDCKKHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nabumetone Chemical compound C1=C(CCC(C)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 BLXXJMDCKKHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MITFXPHMIHQXPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oraflex Chemical compound N=1C2=CC(C(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C2OC=1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 MITFXPHMIHQXPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000004270 Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000882 Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000286209 Phasianidae Species 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000015433 Prostaglandin Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010050183 Prostaglandin Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 2
- IIDJRNMFWXDHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N Risedronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(P(O)(O)=O)(O)CC1=CC=CN=C1 IIDJRNMFWXDHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000245026 Scoliopus bigelovii Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000021386 Sjogren Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 208000006045 Spondylarthropathies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100036840 T-box transcription factor TBX21 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- NKANXQFJJICGDU-QPLCGJKRSA-N Tamoxifen Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=1)/C1=CC=CC=C1 NKANXQFJJICGDU-QPLCGJKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010049264 Teriparatide Proteins 0.000 description 2
- DKJJVAGXPKPDRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tiludronic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C(P(O)(O)=O)SC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DKJJVAGXPKPDRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940022663 acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 208000018254 acute transverse myelitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004100 adrenal gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N adrenaline Chemical compound CNCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940062527 alendronate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005093 alkyl carbonyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001195 anabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940072359 anaprox Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001754 anti-pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000000448 autoimmune hemolytic anemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000003943 azolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 208000018300 basal ganglia disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002449 bone cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012467 brownies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960004015 calcitonin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RZEKVGVHFLEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N celecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=NN1C1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 RZEKVGVHFLEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 201000001981 dermatomyositis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diflunisal Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=C1 HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N donepezil Chemical compound O=C1C=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=2CC1CC(CC1)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000030172 endocrine system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VUCAHVBMSFIGAI-ZFINNJDLSA-M estrone sodium sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VUCAHVBMSFIGAI-ZFINNJDLSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960000403 etanercept Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- QEWYKACRFQMRMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CF QEWYKACRFQMRMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003676 hair loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960002927 hydroxychloroquine sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000005945 imidazopyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000013256 infectious meningitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 206010023332 keratitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000010666 keratoconjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004400 levonorgestrel Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N medroxyprogesterone acetate Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CC(=O)C=C1[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)CC[C@H]21 PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003464 mefenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HYYBABOKPJLUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N mefenamic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1C HYYBABOKPJLUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005358 mercaptoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QEIDSSLUKKFBCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound C.CS(O)(=O)=O QEIDSSLUKKFBCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010028537 myelofibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000010125 myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 210000000822 natural killer cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 201000008383 nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004409 osteocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002611 ovarian Effects 0.000 description 2
- OFPXSFXSNFPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxaprozin Chemical compound O1C(CCC(=O)O)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 OFPXSFXSNFPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRUUGTRCQOWXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pamidronate Chemical compound NCCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O WRUUGTRCQOWXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003893 phenacetin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N piroxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000005987 polymyositis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;[2-butyl-5-chloro-3-[[4-[2-(1,2,4-triaza-3-azanidacyclopenta-1,4-dien-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol Chemical compound [K+].CCCCC1=NC(Cl)=C(CO)N1CC1=CC=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2=N[N-]N=N2)C=C1 OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940063238 premarin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GZUITABIAKMVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N raloxifene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCCC3)=CC=2)C2=CC=C(O)C=C2S1 GZUITABIAKMVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- RZJQGNCSTQAWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N rofecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)OC1 RZJQGNCSTQAWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960000953 salsalate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108010038379 sargramostim Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229940095743 selective estrogen receptor modulator Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000333 selective estrogen receptor modulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 201000005671 spondyloarthropathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004963 sulfonylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010043207 temporal arteritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002381 testicular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229960001017 tolmetin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolmetin Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(CC(O)=O)N1C UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000009174 transverse myelitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 208000035408 type 1 diabetes mellitus 1 Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- LNPDTQAFDNKSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N valdecoxib Chemical compound CC=1ON=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 LNPDTQAFDNKSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-Isoprenaline Chemical group CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJIOCUFDSIXHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-amino-6-hydroxy-6-phosphonohexyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(N)CCCCC(O)P(O)(O)=O AJIOCUFDSIXHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PROQIPRRNZUXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (16alpha,17betaOH)-Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16,17-triol Natural products OC1=CC=C2C3CCC(C)(C(C(O)C4)O)C4C3CCC2=C1 PROQIPRRNZUXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJMIEHBSYVWVIN-LLVKDONJSA-N (2r)-2-[4-(3-oxo-1h-isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC([C@H](C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1N1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1 RJMIEHBSYVWVIN-LLVKDONJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N (2s)-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](C)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUHPRPJDBZHYCJ-SECBINFHSA-N (2s)-2-(5-benzoylthiophen-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound S1C([C@H](C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GUHPRPJDBZHYCJ-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CANFSKBAQLRDIS-QDPGVEIFSA-N (3aR)-5-[(2R)-2-[(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)amino]-3-phenylmethoxypropanoyl]-3a-benzyl-2-methyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-3-one Chemical compound NC(CN[C@@H](C(=O)N1C[C@@]2(C(CC1)=NN(C2=O)C)CC2=CC=CC=C2)COCC2=CC=CC=C2)(C)C CANFSKBAQLRDIS-QDPGVEIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REHJTMDOJHAPJV-IVTQUDKZSA-N (6s,8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17s)-17-hydroxy-6,10,13-trimethyl-17-prop-1-ynyl-2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1([C@@H](C)C2)=CC(=O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@](C#CC)(O)[C@@]2(C)CC1 REHJTMDOJHAPJV-IVTQUDKZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSYWFJBHXIUUCZ-XGXHKTLJSA-N (8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17r)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-ol Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CC=C21 HSYWFJBHXIUUCZ-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHOKBGHAEUVRMO-SLHNCBLASA-N (8r,9s,13s,14s,17r)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-ol Chemical compound C1CCCC2=C1[C@H]1CC[C@](C)([C@](CC3)(O)C#C)[C@@H]3[C@@H]1CC2 DHOKBGHAEUVRMO-SLHNCBLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFPYWIDHMRZLRN-SWBPCFCJSA-N (8r,9s,13s,14s,17s)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 BFPYWIDHMRZLRN-SWBPCFCJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEOBKPHJNAILCW-FUMNGEBKSA-N (8s,13s,14s,17s)-17-(2-chloroethynyl)-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one Chemical compound C1CC(=O)C=C2CC[C@@H]([C@H]3[C@@](C)([C@](CC3)(O)C#CCl)CC3)C3=C21 KEOBKPHJNAILCW-FUMNGEBKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxole Chemical group C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAVRSHOUEXATJE-FBQZJRKBSA-N 1-[(8s,9s,10r,13s,14s,17s)-3-cyclopentyloxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CC[C@@H]1[C@@]1(C)CC2)C)C(=O)C)C=C1C=C2OC1CCCC1 XAVRSHOUEXATJE-FBQZJRKBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKFNOUUKULVDOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-1-phenylmethyl phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZKFNOUUKULVDOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indol-2-amine Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(N)=CC2=C1 IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OESPFRYVCUTRKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1h-inden-2-yl)quinoline-6,8-disulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1C1=NC2=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C(S(=O)(=O)O)C=C2C=C1 OESPFRYVCUTRKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLIVRBFRQSOGQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(11-oxo-6h-benzo[c][1]benzothiepin-3-yl)acetic acid Chemical compound S1CC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=CC=C(CC(=O)O)C=C12 KLIVRBFRQSOGQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEJJHQNACJXSKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)N1C1CCC(=O)NC1=O UEJJHQNACJXSKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXHLPGLBYHNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(4-azidobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindol-3-yl]acetic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(N=[N+]=[N-])C=C1 DCXHLPGLBYHNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYCOFFBAZNSQOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(3-fluorophenyl)phenyl]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 TYCOFFBAZNSQOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIEKMACRVQTPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-5-thiazolyl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC=1SC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC=1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 JIEKMACRVQTPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKSAJZSJKURQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxy-5-(4-fluorophenyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(OC(=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 XKSAJZSJKURQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTPUIQCGRWDPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid;5-(2-methylpropyl)-5-prop-2-enyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione;1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O.CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C.CC(C)CC1(CC=C)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O YTPUIQCGRWDPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMBSMLATJKWAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-6-ol Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(O)=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCC3)=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HMBSMLATJKWAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJQQVNIORAQATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC)=C(C=1C=CC(C=CC(O)=O)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HJQQVNIORAQATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001541 3-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- DODQJNMQWMSYGS-QPLCGJKRSA-N 4-[(z)-1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-1-phenylbut-1-en-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=1)/C1=CC=CC=C1 DODQJNMQWMSYGS-QPLCGJKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical class NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYCHUQUJURZQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,1-dioxo-n-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1$l^{6},2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=NC=CS1 SYCHUQUJURZQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFWLFWPASULGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methylxanthine Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C PFWLFWPASULGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010065040 AIDS dementia complex Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000009304 Acute Kidney Injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010001052 Acute respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026872 Addison Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007848 Alcoholism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035285 Allergic Seasonal Rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VWAUPFMBXBWEQY-ANULTFPQSA-N Altrenogest Chemical compound C1CC(=O)C=C2CC[C@@H]([C@H]3[C@@](C)([C@](CC3)(O)CC=C)C=C3)C3=C21 VWAUPFMBXBWEQY-ANULTFPQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010002199 Anaphylactic shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032467 Aplastic anaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003399 Arthropod bite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XHVAWZZCDCWGBK-WYRLRVFGSA-M Aurothioglucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](S[Au])[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O XHVAWZZCDCWGBK-WYRLRVFGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000032116 Autoimmune Experimental Encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037157 Azotemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000009137 Behcet syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000007350 Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010007726 Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010061728 Bone lesion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZJZOHFDIYSCSPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.OP(=O)OP(O)(O)=O Chemical compound C.OP(=O)OP(O)(O)=O ZJZOHFDIYSCSPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZZNEHCWFMJHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N CNCCO.OP(=O)OP(O)=O Chemical compound CNCCO.OP(=O)OP(O)=O OZZNEHCWFMJHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 102000003846 Carbonic anhydrases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000209 Carbonic anhydrases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000700199 Cavia porcellus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930186147 Cephalosporin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010008025 Cerebellar ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QMBJSIBWORFWQT-DFXBJWIESA-N Chlormadinone acetate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 QMBJSIBWORFWQT-DFXBJWIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010008685 Chondritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008748 Chorea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002691 Choroiditis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006545 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OIRAEJWYWSAQNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Clidanac Chemical compound ClC=1C=C2C(C(=O)O)CCC2=CC=1C1CCCCC1 OIRAEJWYWSAQNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000020406 Creutzfeldt Jacob disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003407 Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010859 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N Cyclosporin A Chemical compound CC[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](C)C\C=C\C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C1=O PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010036949 Cyclosporine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OJLOPKGSLYJEMD-LNQMSSPSSA-N Cyotec Chemical compound CCCCC(C)(O)CC=C[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(=O)OC OJLOPKGSLYJEMD-LNQMSSPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000003883 Cystic fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010011953 Decreased activity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000016192 Demyelinating disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012689 Diabetic retinopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000015554 Dopamine receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050004812 Dopamine receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 201000010374 Down Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZQZFYGIXNQKOAV-OCEACIFDSA-N Droloxifene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(OCCN(C)C)C=C1 ZQZFYGIXNQKOAV-OCEACIFDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019872 Drug Eruptions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013700 Drug hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000037487 Endotoxemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003951 Erythropoietin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000394 Erythropoietin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N Estrone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000009386 Experimental Arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035366 Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002633 Febrile Neutropenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024412 Friedreich ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- XURCMZMFZXXQDJ-UKNJCJGYSA-N Gestonorone caproate Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(=O)CCCCC)[C@@]1(C)CC2 XURCMZMFZXXQDJ-UKNJCJGYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJJXHLWLUDYTGC-ANULTFPQSA-N Gestrinone Chemical compound C1CC(=O)C=C2CC[C@@H]([C@H]3[C@@](CC)([C@](CC3)(O)C#C)C=C3)C3=C21 BJJXHLWLUDYTGC-ANULTFPQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010018364 Glomerulonephritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010017080 Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010017213 Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000003084 Graves Ophthalmopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000018565 Hemochromatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000036066 Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019728 Hepatitis alcoholic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002972 Hepatolenticular Degeneration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MCAHMSDENAOJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Herbimycin A Natural products N1C(=O)C(C)=CC=CC(OC)C(OC(N)=O)C(C)=CC(C)C(OC)C(OC)CC(C)C(OC)C2=CC(=O)C=C1C2=O MCAHMSDENAOJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000599940 Homo sapiens Interferon gamma Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000023105 Huntington disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000604 Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004157 Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOMWKUIIPQCAJU-LJHIYBGHSA-N Hydroxyprogesterone caproate Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(=O)CCCCC)[C@@]1(C)CC2 DOMWKUIIPQCAJU-LJHIYBGHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000000269 Hyperkinesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MPBVHIBUJCELCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ibandronate Chemical compound CCCCCN(C)CCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O MPBVHIBUJCELCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021245 Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JJKOTMDDZAJTGQ-DQSJHHFOSA-N Idoxifene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=CC(OCCN2CCCC2)=CC=1)/C1=CC=C(I)C=C1 JJKOTMDDZAJTGQ-DQSJHHFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000723 Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004218 Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000008070 Interferon-gamma Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000015696 Interleukins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063738 Interleukins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010022941 Iridocyclitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010044467 Isoenzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UETNIIAIRMUTSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Jacareubin Natural products CC1(C)OC2=CC3Oc4c(O)c(O)ccc4C(=O)C3C(=C2C=C1)O UETNIIAIRMUTSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000012659 Joint disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010024229 Leprosy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000009829 Lewy Body Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000002832 Lewy body dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010024626 Lipoprotein deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010024715 Liver transplant rejection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010051604 Lung transplant rejection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YNVGQYHLRCDXFQ-XGXHKTLJSA-N Lynestrenol Chemical compound C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 YNVGQYHLRCDXFQ-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940122696 MAP kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000007651 Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046938 Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- SBDNJUWAMKYJOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meclofenamic Acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Cl)C(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1Cl SBDNJUWAMKYJOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010027452 Metastases to bone Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000019695 Migraine disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003250 Mixed connective tissue disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monacolin X Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028289 Muscle atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naproxen Natural products C1=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGPDEAGGEXEMMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nefopam Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2CN(C)CCOC1C1=CC=CC=C1 RGPDEAGGEXEMMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZFPYUNJRRFVQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niflumic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 JZFPYUNJRRFVQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMONTRJLAWHYGT-ZCPXKWAGSA-N Norethindrone Acetate Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@](C#C)(OC(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 IMONTRJLAWHYGT-ZCPXKWAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICTXHFFSOAJUMG-SLHNCBLASA-N Norethynodrel Chemical compound C1CC(=O)CC2=C1[C@H]1CC[C@](C)([C@](CC3)(O)C#C)[C@@H]3[C@@H]1CC2 ICTXHFFSOAJUMG-SLHNCBLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVCBLOZVMWSNST-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(=O)OP(O)=O.CNC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound OP(=O)OP(O)=O.CNC1=CC=CC=C1 NVCBLOZVMWSNST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003435 Optic Neuritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010058461 Orchitis noninfective Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000010191 Osteitis Deformans Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WYNCHZVNFNFDNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazolidine Chemical compound C1COCN1 WYNCHZVNFNFDNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHPBUFXEIOLURH-GQZONRFDSA-N Oxogestone Phenpropionate Chemical compound O([C@H](C)[C@@H]1[C@]2(CC[C@@H]3[C@H]4CCC(=O)C=C4CC[C@H]3[C@@H]2CC1)C)C(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 LHPBUFXEIOLURH-GQZONRFDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010053869 POEMS syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027067 Paget disease of bone Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010049169 Pancreas transplant rejection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033645 Pancreatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033647 Pancreatitis acute Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108700020797 Parathyroid Hormone-Related Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000043299 Parathyroid hormone-related Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000721454 Pemphigus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BYPFEZZEUUWMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentoxifylline Chemical compound O=C1N(CCCCC(=O)C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 BYPFEZZEUUWMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099471 Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003971 Posterior uveitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010036774 Proctitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010029485 Protein Isoforms Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000001708 Protein Isoforms Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000033526 Proximal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005587 Refsum Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000033626 Renal failure acute Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000013616 Respiratory Distress Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039085 Rhinitis allergic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039094 Rhinitis perennial Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001000159 Sarinda Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010039966 Senile dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040070 Septic Shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium salicylate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000003954 Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010112 Spinocerebellar Degenerations Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000002661 Spondylitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010042033 Stevens-Johnson syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000168 Stevens-Johnson syndrome Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000007107 Stomach Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000150 Sympathomimetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010051379 Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004732 Systemic Vasculitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108700012920 TNF Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000040945 Transcription factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091023040 Transcription factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroethanol Chemical compound OCC(F)(F)F RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010044688 Trisomy 21 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024780 Urticaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046851 Uveitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046914 Vaginal infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000008100 Vaginitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047112 Vasculitides Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000018839 Wilson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GFIDKNMXIYHURY-YIHNMZODSA-N [(3s,8r,9s,10r,11s,13s,14s,17r)-17-acetyloxy-17-ethynyl-11,13-dimethyl-2,3,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H](C)C[C@]4(C)[C@@](C#C)(OC(C)=O)CC[C@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 GFIDKNMXIYHURY-YIHNMZODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSCZWFXQKITHSL-OKCNGXCSSA-N [(3s,8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17r)-17-acetyl-17-acetyloxy-6-chloro-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] acetate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@](C(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)CC[C@H]2[C@@H]2C=C(Cl)C3=C[C@@H](OC(=O)C)CC[C@]3(C)[C@H]21 KSCZWFXQKITHSL-OKCNGXCSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZPWNCNLFBVVEN-RFYLDXRNSA-N [(6s,8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17r)-17-acetyl-6,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] acetate;[(9s,13s,14s)-13-methyl-17-oxo-9,11,12,14,15,16-hexahydro-6h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] hydrogen sulfate;[(8r,9 Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1.OS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4C3=CCC2=C1.OS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C2C(CC[C@]3([C@H]4CCC3=O)C)=C4C=CC2=C1.C([C@@]12C)CC(=O)C=C1[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)CC[C@H]21 OZPWNCNLFBVVEN-RFYLDXRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWSXBCZCPVUWHT-VIFKTUCRSA-N [(8r,9s,10r,11s,13s,14s,17r)-17-acetyl-11,13-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] acetate Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H](C)C[C@]4(C)[C@](C(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)CC[C@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 IWSXBCZCPVUWHT-VIFKTUCRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWSKHPDYSWDMNC-YRNSVOBJSA-N [(8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,16r,17r)-17-acetyl-6-chloro-10,13,16-trimethyl-3-oxo-2,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] acetate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)[C@@]1(C)CC2 WWSKHPDYSWDMNC-YRNSVOBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSJMYDLEWUWIAN-KYPKCDLESA-N [(8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17r)-17-acetyl-6-chloro-13-methyl-3-oxo-1,2,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] acetate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C2=CC(=O)CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 PSJMYDLEWUWIAN-KYPKCDLESA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORACGOSUXFHGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-hydroxy-3-[methyl(pentyl)amino]-1-phosphonopropan-2-yl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCN(C)CC(P(O)(O)=O)C(O)P(O)(O)=O ORACGOSUXFHGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFDMEODWJJUORJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [dimethylamino(phosphono)methyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O BFDMEODWJJUORJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004892 acemetacin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FSQKKOOTNAMONP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acemetacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(=O)OCC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FSQKKOOTNAMONP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BOIZHGCLUSQNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;1h-indole Chemical class CC(O)=O.C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 BOIZHGCLUSQNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC#N PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037127 actonel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000024716 acute asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000011040 acute kidney failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000003229 acute pancreatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012998 acute renal failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002964 adalimumab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004721 adaptive immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030597 adult Refsum disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000011341 adult acute respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000000028 adult respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002353 alcoholic hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AHBKIEXBQNRDNL-FVCOMRFXSA-N algestone acetophenide Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C)O[C@@]3([C@H](O2)C[C@@H]2[C@@]3(CC[C@@H]3[C@@]4(C)CCC(=O)C=C4CC[C@H]32)C)C(=O)C)=CC=CC=C1 AHBKIEXBQNRDNL-FVCOMRFXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006673 algestone acetophenide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002029 allergic contact dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000010105 allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006682 alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960000971 altrenogest Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010002026 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940124325 anabolic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003263 anabolic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDLNOQQQEBKBQM-DICPTYMLSA-N anagestone acetate Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CCC=C1[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)CC[C@H]21 KDLNOQQQEBKBQM-DICPTYMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950002552 anagestone acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000003455 anaphylaxis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940035674 anesthetics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000954 anitussive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940089918 ansaid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002226 anterior horn cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000004612 anterior uveitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001430 anti-depressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003474 anti-emetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002260 anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121363 anti-inflammatory agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000340 anti-metabolite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009227 antibody-mediated cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003793 antidiarrheal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125714 antidiarrheal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002111 antiemetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125683 antiemetic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000612 antigen-presenting cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940111136 antiinflammatory and antirheumatic drug fenamates Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940111133 antiinflammatory and antirheumatic drug oxicams Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000228 antimanic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002256 antimetabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100197 antimetabolite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003096 antiparasitic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125687 antiparasitic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000164 antipsychotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005529 antipsychotics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125716 antipyretic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003435 antirheumatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003434 antitussive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124584 antitussives Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003699 antiulcer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003443 antiviral agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002249 anxiolytic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002399 aphthous stomatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940097776 arthrotec Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MCGDSOGUHLTADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N arzoxifene Chemical group C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1=C(OC=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCCC3)=CC=2)C2=CC=C(O)C=C2S1 MCGDSOGUHLTADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940127225 asthma medication Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AUJRCFUBUPVWSZ-XTZHGVARSA-M auranofin Chemical compound CCP(CC)(CC)=[Au]S[C@@H]1O[C@H](COC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O AUJRCFUBUPVWSZ-XTZHGVARSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960005207 auranofin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001799 aurothioglucose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000004339 autoimmune neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000003710 autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LMEKQMALGUDUQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azathioprine Chemical compound CN1C=NC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1SC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 LMEKQMALGUDUQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002170 azathioprine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005430 benoxaprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005874 benzothiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940125388 beta agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940110331 bextra Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000016738 bone Paget disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037182 bone density Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002617 bone density conservation agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940112869 bone morphogenetic protein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008416 bone turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030270 breast disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJTPQQVCKPZIMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bucloxic acid Chemical compound ClC1=CC(C(=O)CCC(=O)O)=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 IJTPQQVCKPZIMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005608 bucloxic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QTNZYVAMNRDUAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C)C=C1 QTNZYVAMNRDUAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950011189 butacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium(1+) Chemical compound [Cs+] NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003185 calcium uptake Effects 0.000 description 1
- FAKRSMQSSFJEIM-RQJHMYQMSA-N captopril Chemical compound SC[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(O)=O FAKRSMQSSFJEIM-RQJHMYQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003739 carbamimidoyl group Chemical group C(N)(=N)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- YZBQHRLRFGPBSL-RXMQYKEDSA-N carbapenem Chemical compound C1C=CN2C(=O)C[C@H]21 YZBQHRLRFGPBSL-RXMQYKEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003184 carprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IVUMCTKHWDRRMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carprofen Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=C[C]2C3=CC=C(C(C(O)=O)C)C=C3N=C21 IVUMCTKHWDRRMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940047475 cataflam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940047495 celebrex Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000590 celecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000423 cell based assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940124587 cephalosporin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001780 cephalosporins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001616 chlormadinone acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940106681 chloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037976 chronic inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037893 chronic inflammatory disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025302 chronic primary adrenal insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001265 ciclosporin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950000136 cingestol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007882 cirrhosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950010886 clidanac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940108922 climara Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ACSIXWWBWUQEHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N clodronic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)P(O)(O)=O ACSIXWWBWUQEHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002286 clodronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011260 co-administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020057 cognac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010247 contact dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002594 corticospinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003246 corticosteroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001334 corticosteroids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000265 cromoglicic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000004921 cutaneous lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003678 cyclohexadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001940 cyclopentanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229930182912 cyclosporin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000430 cytokine receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002806 daclizumab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940070230 daypro Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950006075 delmadinone acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CGBCCZZJVKUAMX-DFXBJWIESA-N delmadinone acetate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 CGBCCZZJVKUAMX-DFXBJWIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000017004 dementia pugilistica Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003210 demyelinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004443 dendritic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960004976 desogestrel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RPLCPCMSCLEKRS-BPIQYHPVSA-N desogestrel Chemical compound C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3C(=C)C[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 RPLCPCMSCLEKRS-BPIQYHPVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003957 dexamethasone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N dexamethasone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CO)(O)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004986 diarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003529 diazepam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AAOVKJBEBIDNHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazepam Chemical compound N=1CC(=O)N(C)C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 AAOVKJBEBIDNHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BABWHSBPEIVBBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazete Chemical compound C1=CN=N1 BABWHSBPEIVBBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002720 diazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001259 diclofenac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000616 diflunisal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950006690 dimethisterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940105576 disalcid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLARUOGDXDTHEH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium cromoglycate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1C(C([O-])=O)=CC(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2OCC(O)COC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C([O-])=O)O2 VLARUOGDXDTHEH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VZFDRQUWHOVFCA-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-sulfanylbutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(S)C([O-])=O VZFDRQUWHOVFCA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072701 dolobid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003530 donepezil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010067396 dornase alfa Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229950004203 droloxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000005311 drug allergy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007876 drug discovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- JGMOKGBVKVMRFX-HQZYFCCVSA-N dydrogesterone Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@@]2(C)[C@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 JGMOKGBVKVMRFX-HQZYFCCVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004913 dydrogesterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940073621 enbrel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010014599 encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000002491 encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010014665 endocarditis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QTTMOCOWZLSYSV-QWAPEVOJSA-M equilin sodium sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4C3=CCC2=C1 QTTMOCOWZLSYSV-QWAPEVOJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940105423 erythropoietin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004626 essential fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940064258 estrace Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940074117 estraderm Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001348 estriol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PROQIPRRNZUXQM-ZXXIGWHRSA-N estriol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@H]([C@H](O)C4)O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 PROQIPRRNZUXQM-ZXXIGWHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000328 estrogen antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002834 estrogen receptor modulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003399 estrone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HZEQBCVBILBTEP-ZFINNJDLSA-N estropipate Chemical compound C1CNCCN1.OS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 HZEQBCVBILBTEP-ZFINNJDLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 229950007424 ethynerone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940009626 etidronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005293 etodolac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002941 etonogestrel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCKFUYQCUCGESZ-BPIQYHPVSA-N etonogestrel Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3C(=C)C[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 GCKFUYQCUCGESZ-BPIQYHPVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940085363 evista Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000720 eyelash Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940065410 feldene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940006346 femhrt Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001419 fenoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002679 fentiazac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001605 fetal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004177 filgrastim Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004369 flufenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LPEPZBJOKDYZAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N flufenamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 LPEPZBJOKDYZAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007979 flufenisal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124307 fluoroquinolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950001284 fluprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002390 flurbiprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurbiprofen Chemical compound FC1=CC(C(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940053641 forteo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940001490 fosamax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108020001507 fusion proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000037865 fusion proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 201000005917 gastric ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003193 general anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950007273 gestaclone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VUWYSFAIXUWQRQ-VMKBGRNBSA-N gestaclone Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C2=CC(=O)[C@@H]3C[C@@H]3[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@H]3C[C@@]3(C(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 VUWYSFAIXUWQRQ-VMKBGRNBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIGSPDASOTUPFS-XUDSTZEESA-N gestodene Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](C=C4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 SIGSPDASOTUPFS-XUDSTZEESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005352 gestodene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004761 gestrinone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004970 halomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229950002886 haloprogesterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCCIFDUTISMRTG-TUPTUZDRSA-N haloprogesterone Chemical compound C1([C@@H](F)C2)=CC(=O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@](C(=O)C)(Br)[C@@]2(C)CC1 GCCIFDUTISMRTG-TUPTUZDRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015220 hamburgers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002443 helper t lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCAHMSDENAOJFZ-BVXDHVRPSA-N herbimycin Chemical compound N1C(=O)\C(C)=C\C=C/[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC(N)=O)\C(C)=C\[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC)C2=CC(=O)C=C1C2=O MCAHMSDENAOJFZ-BVXDHVRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005226 heteroaryloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000833 heterodimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002657 hormone replacement therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000043557 human IFNG Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940048921 humira Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229950000801 hydroxyprogesterone caproate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010020718 hyperplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003326 hypnotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000147 hypnotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005236 ibandronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001680 ibuprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950002248 idoxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007124 immune defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072221 immunoglobulins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003018 immunosuppressive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125721 immunosuppressive agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000099 in vitro assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940089536 indocin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000905 indomethacin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004187 indoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000598 infliximab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007972 injectable composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940102223 injectable solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940102213 injectable suspension Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003130 interferon gamma Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003704 interleukin-23 production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021547 interleukin-27 production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000056 intracellular parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007917 intracranial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007919 intrasynovial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007913 intrathecal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007914 intraventricular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000004614 iritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229950002252 isoxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YYUAYBYLJSNDCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC=1C=C(C)ON=1 YYUAYBYLJSNDCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000004815 juvenile spinal muscular atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960000991 ketoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004752 ketorolac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OZWKMVRBQXNZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketorolac Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCN2C1=CC=C2C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OZWKMVRBQXNZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940043355 kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GXESHMAMLJKROZ-IAPPQJPRSA-N lasofoxifene Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@@H](C3=CC=C(C=C3CC2)O)C=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCC3)=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 GXESHMAMLJKROZ-IAPPQJPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125722 laxative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VHOGYURTWQBHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N leflunomide Chemical compound O1N=CC(C(=O)NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=C1C VHOGYURTWQBHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000681 leflunomide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940087875 leukine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003199 leukotriene receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZEUAXYWNKYKPL-WDYNHAJCSA-N levormeloxifene Chemical compound C1([C@H]2[C@@H](C3=CC=C(C=C3OC2(C)C)OC)C=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCC3)=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 XZEUAXYWNKYKPL-WDYNHAJCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950002728 levormeloxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004558 lewy body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003589 local anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005015 local anesthetics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940063718 lodine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N lovastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004844 lovastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lovastatin hydroxy acid Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C21 QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012680 lutein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005375 lutein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KBPHJBAIARWVSC-RGZFRNHPSA-N lutein Chemical compound C([C@H](O)CC=1C)C(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@H]1C(C)=C[C@H](O)CC1(C)C KBPHJBAIARWVSC-RGZFRNHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001656 lutein Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORAKUVXRZWMARG-WZLJTJAWSA-N lutein Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=CC(O)CC2(C)C)C ORAKUVXRZWMARG-WZLJTJAWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001910 lynestrenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950001846 mabuprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JVGUNCHERKJFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N mabuprofen Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C(=O)NCCO)C=C1 JVGUNCHERKJFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003120 macrolide antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036210 malignancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003803 meclofenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000606 medrogestone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HCFSGRMEEXUOSS-JXEXPEPMSA-N medrogestone Chemical compound C1=C(C)C2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HCFSGRMEEXUOSS-JXEXPEPMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBKDYNNUVRNNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N medronic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CP(O)(O)=O MBKDYNNUVRNNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002985 medroxyprogesterone acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003846 melengestrol acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001929 meloxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003475 metalloproteinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- CKJNUZNMWOVDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[CH-] CKJNUZNMWOVDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJLOPKGSLYJEMD-URPKTTJQSA-N methyl 7-[(1r,2r,3r)-3-hydroxy-2-[(1e)-4-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-1-yl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(C)(O)C\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(=O)OC OJLOPKGSLYJEMD-URPKTTJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 229940101566 miacalcin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010027599 migraine Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005249 misoprostol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003226 mitogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002829 mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000394 mitotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940112801 mobic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005087 mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000921 morphogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013425 morphometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007659 motor function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072709 motrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000005088 multinucleated cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000020763 muscle atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940035363 muscle relaxants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000000585 muscular atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002637 mydriatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003158 myorelaxant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229960004270 nabumetone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940100605 naprelan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940090008 naprosyn Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002009 naproxen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CDBRNDSHEYLDJV-FVGYRXGTSA-M naproxen sodium Chemical compound [Na+].C1=C([C@H](C)C([O-])=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CDBRNDSHEYLDJV-FVGYRXGTSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960003940 naproxen sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003533 narcotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007922 nasal spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000751 nefopam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940029345 neupogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000842 neuromuscular blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000916 niflumic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000346 nonvolatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940053934 norethindrone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001858 norethynodrel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000417 norgestimate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KIQQMECNKUGGKA-NMYWJIRASA-N norgestimate Chemical compound O/N=C/1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(OC(C)=O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C\1 KIQQMECNKUGGKA-NMYWJIRASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010960 norgestomet Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099990 ogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008203 oral pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZEUAXYWNKYKPL-URLMMPGGSA-N ormeloxifene Chemical group C1([C@@H]2[C@H](C3=CC=C(C=C3OC2(C)C)OC)C=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCC3)=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 XZEUAXYWNKYKPL-URLMMPGGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003327 ormeloxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000010258 osteoblastogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940094984 other estrogen in atc Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002739 oxaprozin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 208000021090 palsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940046231 pamidronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005489 paracetamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940055076 parasympathomimetics choline ester Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001476 pentoxifylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001539 phagocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960002895 phenylbutazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical class [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002571 phosphodiesterase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003757 phosphotransferase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002702 piroxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000001685 postmenopausal osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000011461 pre-eclampsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N prostaglandin E1 Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(O)=O GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002089 prostaglandin antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002522 prostaglandin receptor stimulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGJJROVFWIXTPA-OALUTQOASA-N prostanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[C@H]1CCC[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(O)=O WGJJROVFWIXTPA-OALUTQOASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940107568 pulmozyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003379 purinergic P1 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- CYMJPJKHCSDSRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidine-3,4-dione Chemical class O=C1CNNC1=O CYMJPJKHCSDSRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- FLGJKPPXEKYCBY-AKCFYGDASA-N quingestanol acetate Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@@]([C@]2(CC[C@@H]1[C@H]1CC2)C)(OC(=O)C)C#C)C=C1C=C2OC1CCCC1 FLGJKPPXEKYCBY-AKCFYGDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950009172 quingestanol acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950000796 quingestrone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012217 radiopharmaceutical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121896 radiopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002799 radiopharmaceutical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004622 raloxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001525 receptor binding assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940087462 relafen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116176 remicade Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940089617 risedronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000371 rofecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HJORMJIFDVBMOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N rolipram Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C2CC(=O)NC2)C=C1OC1CCCC1 HJORMJIFDVBMOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005741 rolipram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000005404 rubella Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940058287 salicylic acid derivative anticestodals Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003872 salicylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108010068072 salmon calcitonin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003118 sandwich ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000000306 sarcoidosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960002530 sargramostim Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036303 septic shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000007056 sickle cell anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940112726 skelid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000414 sodium fluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GNMBMOULKUXEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(3-fluoro-4-phenylphenyl)propanoate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].FC1=CC(C(C([O-])=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GNMBMOULKUXEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XDFGPVSVSMWVQE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecanoic acid;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDFGPVSVSMWVQE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002320 spinal muscular atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002294 steroidal antiinflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000021 stimulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001427 strontium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium(2+) Chemical compound [Sr+2] PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950005175 sudoxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NCEXYHBECQHGNR-QZQOTICOSA-N sulfasalazine Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(\N=N\C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S(=O)(=O)NC=2N=CC=CC=2)=C1 NCEXYHBECQHGNR-QZQOTICOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001940 sulfasalazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NCEXYHBECQHGNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfasalazine Natural products C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)S(=O)(=O)NC=2N=CC=CC=2)=C1 NCEXYHBECQHGNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005420 sulfonamido group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(N*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960000894 sulindac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N sulindac Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2\C1=C/C1=CC=C(S(C)=O)C=C1 MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127230 sympathomimetic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tacrine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=C(CCCC3)C3=NC2=C1 YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001685 tacrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001603 tamoxifen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003676 tenidap Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LXIKEPCNDFVJKC-QXMHVHEDSA-N tenidap Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N(C(=O)N)C(=O)\C1=C(/O)C1=CC=CS1 LXIKEPCNDFVJKC-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZWYJBNHTWCXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tenoxicam Chemical compound O=C1C=2SC=CC=2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C1=C(O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 WZWYJBNHTWCXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002871 tenoxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005460 teriparatide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyrrole Substances C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003433 thalidomide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002992 thymic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940043672 thyroid preparations Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001312 tiaprofenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004815 tigestol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940019375 tiludronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950002345 tiopinac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002905 tolfenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YEZNLOUZAIOMLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolfenamic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O YEZNLOUZAIOMLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGUALMNFRILWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tolmetin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(CC([O-])=O)N1C QGUALMNFRILWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XFCLJVABOIYOMF-QPLCGJKRSA-N toremifene Chemical group C1=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C(\CCCl)C1=CC=CC=C1 XFCLJVABOIYOMF-QPLCGJKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005026 toremifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003204 tranquilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002936 tranquilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KBPHJBAIARWVSC-XQIHNALSSA-N trans-lutein Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=CC(O)CC2(C)C)C KBPHJBAIARWVSC-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940078279 trilisate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KYLIMUJRJDIPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisalicylate Chemical compound O=C1OC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)OC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)OC2=CC=CC=C12 KYLIMUJRJDIPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQCQGOZEWWPOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisalicylate-choline Chemical compound [Mg+2].C[N+](C)(C)CCO.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O FQCQGOZEWWPOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 102000003390 tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000006433 tumor necrosis factor production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000009852 uremia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002004 valdecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007879 vasectomy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940087652 vioxx Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940053743 vivelle Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940063674 voltaren Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004885 white matter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N xanthophyll Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C=C(C)C(O)CC2(C)C FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007802 zidometacin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zoledronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(P(O)(O)=O)(O)CN1C=CN=C1 XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004276 zoledronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003414 zomepirac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zomepirac Chemical compound C1=C(CC(O)=O)N(C)C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
- C07D239/48—Two nitrogen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/10—Anti-acne agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/04—Drugs for skeletal disorders for non-specific disorders of the connective tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
- A61P21/04—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system for myasthenia gravis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/14—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the thyroid hormones, e.g. T3, T4
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/04—Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/06—Antianaemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D473/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D473/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
- C07D473/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6
- C07D473/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 one oxygen and one nitrogen atom, e.g. guanine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
本案主張於2004年4月13日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第60/562,150號案之優先權,該案之全文教示內容係併入本文作為參考文獻。
本發明係有關抑制介白素-12(IL-12)生成之二鹽抑制劑及相關方法及醫藥組成物。
介白素-12(IL-12)為一種異質二聚體細胞激素(p70),其經由連結天生抵抗力及抗原特異性適應性免疫力,而於免疫反應上扮演某種角色。Trinchieri(1993)Immunol Today 14:335。例如介白素-12促進第1型T助手細胞(TH1)反應,因此提升細胞媒介之免疫力。Chan等人(1991)J Exp Med 173:869;Seder等人(1993)Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:10188;Manetti等人(1993)J Exp Med 177:1199;及Hsieh等人(1993)Science 260:547。介白素-12(IL-12)為一種雙硫鍵鍵聯之異質二聚體細胞激素,其係由兩個獨立調節之次單元p35與p40組成。IL-12係由吞噬細胞及抗原呈現細胞(特別是巨噬細胞及樹突狀細胞)於受到細菌、細菌產物(如脂多醣(lipopolysaccharide;LPS))、及胞內寄生蟲刺激時產生。有詳細文獻記載的IL-12生物功能為:誘導由T細胞及由天然殺手細胞(nature killer cells;NK cells)表現干擾素-γ(IFN-γ),以及朝向TH1 T淋巴細胞型分
化。由IL-2誘導表現之IFN-γ為促進單核細胞及巨噬細胞產生IL-12之強力選擇性促進劑。細胞激素IL-23為由p19次單元及與IL-12相同的p40次單元組成的異質二聚體。IL-23類似IL-12,IL-23也涉及第1型免疫防禦反應,且誘導由T細胞分泌IFN-γ。IL-27係由EB13(EB13為與IL-12之p40次單元相關之多肽)與p28(p28為與IL-12之p35次單元相關之蛋白質)組合形成。IL-27促進T細胞之生長,且相信於TH1細胞的分化上扮演某種角色。Pflanz等人,Immunity(2002),16:779-790。
曾經提示特別於慢性病中,當慢性病不斷持續生成IFN-γ時,IL-12的產量係受到IFN-γ所放大。推定於可激發IL-12生成的感染刺激或發炎刺激後,強而有力的回饋迴路促進IL-12誘生IFN-γ及IL-23誘生IFN-γ,來進一步擴大IL-12產量,結果導致促炎細胞激素之產量過量。此外,也曾經提示IL-27誘導T-bet(T-bet為主要TH1特異性轉錄因子)的表現,及誘導其下游目標IL-12R β 2的表現,且此種表現與IFN-γ獨立無關。此外,IL-27抑制GATA-3的表現。GATA-3抑制TH1的發育,並經由抑制IL-12R β 2及Stat4的表現,而造成IL-12發出信號的消失。Lucas等人,PNAS(2003),100:15047-15052。
IL-12於多種由TH1主控之自體免疫病扮演關鍵角色,該等疾病包括(但非限制性)多發性硬化症、敗血病、重症肌無力、自體免疫性神經病變、奇蘭巴瑞氏症候群(Guillain-Barre’ syndrome)、自體免疫性葡萄膜炎、自體免
疫性溶血性貧血、惡性貧血、自體免疫性血小板減少症、顳動脈炎、抗磷脂質症候群、血管炎(vasculitides)、韋格納氏肉芽腫(Wegener’s granulomatosis)、貝歇特氏病(Behcet’s disease)、乾癬、乾癬性關節炎、疱疹樣皮膚炎、尋常天皰瘡、白斑、克隆氏病(Crohn’s disease)、潰瘍性結腸炎、間質性肺纖維化、骨髓纖維化、肝纖維化、心肌炎、甲狀腺炎、原發性膽汁型肝硬化、自體免疫性肝炎、第一型糖尿病或免疫媒介型糖尿病、葛雷夫氏病(Grave’s disease)、橋本氏甲狀腺炎(Hashimoto’s thyroiditis)、自體免疫性卵巢炎及自體免疫性睪丸炎、腎上腺之自體免疫病、類風濕性關節炎、幼年型類風濕性關節炎、系統性紅斑性狼瘡、硬皮病、多發性肌炎、皮肌炎、脊椎關節病變、僵直性脊椎炎、修格連氏症候群(Sjogren’s syndrome)、及移植物對宿主疾病。例如參考Gately等人(1998)Annu Rev Immunol.16:495;及Abbas等人(1996)Nature 383:787。
抑制IL-12的過度生成,或抑制會促進IL-12生成及/或TH1發育的IL-23及IL-27等細胞激素的生成,是一種治療前述各種疾病之辦法。Trembleau等人(1995)Immunol Today 16:383;及Adorini等人(1997)Chem.Immunol.68:175。例如IL-12之過度生成以及其結果所造成過度之TH1型反應可經由調節IL-12、IL-23及/或IL-27的生成來抑制。因此,向下調節IL12、IL-23及/或IL-27之生成的化合物可用來治療發炎性疾病。Ma等人(1998)Eur Cytokine Netw 9:54。
IL-2也於骨質流失病,特別為牽涉蝕骨細胞之骨質流失病扮演某種角色。蝕骨細胞為骨骼內部負責骨質分解與溶蝕(resorption)之獨特多核細胞。蝕骨細胞乃體內唯一已知具有此種功能的細胞。蝕骨細胞具有高度的酶之合成能力及儲存能力,該等酶包括酸水解酶及碳酸脫水酶(carbonic anhydrase)同功酶II。蝕骨細胞與循環性單核細胞及組織巨噬細胞具有共同之表現型特徵(N.Kurihara等人,Endocrinology 126:2733-41(1990);G.Hattersley等人,Endocrinology 128:259-62(1991))。此等細胞係衍生自單核前驅物(mononuclear precursors),單核前驅物為位於骨隨、脾臟及肝臟之幹細胞族群之子代。此等幹細胞族群之增殖,生成蝕骨細胞前驅物,蝕骨細胞前驅物經由血管途徑遷移至骨骼位置。然後此等細胞分化且彼此融合來生成蝕骨細胞,或另外,此等細胞與原有之蝕骨細胞融合。
蝕骨細胞生成之調節及活性之調節目前只有部分瞭解,但已知骨質被蝕骨細胞過度溶蝕,結果導致與過量骨質流失相關聯之多種人類疾病病變,該等疾病包括牙周病、非惡性骨病(諸如骨質疏鬆症、骨之巴吉特氏病(Paget’s disease of bone)、成骨不全、纖維性發育不良、及原發性副甲狀腺機能亢進)、雌激素缺乏、發炎性骨質流失、骨惡性病、關節炎、骨質石化病、以及若干癌症相關疾病(諸如伴隨惡性腫瘤之高鈣血症(HCM)、多發性骨髓瘤之溶骨性骨損害、及乳癌之溶骨性骨轉移與其他轉移癌)。
本發明係有關抑制介白素(IL-12)之生成之二鹽氮-雜芳基抑制劑及此等化合物之相關製造方法及使用方法及其組成物。
於一實施態樣中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽:
或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物(clathrate)或前藥,式中:R1為-X:::::[N]tB;X為C(Rc)、O、S、S(O)、S(O2)、或NRc;t為0或1;:::::及各自獨立地為單鍵或雙鍵;B為經取代或未經取代之芳基、經取代或未經取代之雜芳基、C(Ra)(Rb)、或L-B’;R2及R4各自獨立地為Rc、鹵原子、硝基、氰基、疊氮基、異硫硝基、SRc、或ORc;或R2及R4共同形成為=O;
R3為Rc、鹵原子、CN、烯基、炔基、ORc、OC(O)Rc、SO2Rc、S(O)Rc、S(O2)NRcRd、SRc、NRcRd、NRcCORd、NRcC(O)ORd、NRcC(O)NRcRd、NRcSO2Rd、CORc、C(O)ORc、或C(O)NRcRd;R6為H、烷基、Rc、鹵原子、硝基、氰基、疊氮基、異硫硝基、SRc、或ORc;n為0、1、2、3、4、5、6或7;Y為共價鍵、CH2、C(O)、C=N-Rc、C=N-ORc、C=N-SRc、O、S、S(O)、S(O)2、或NRc;Z為N或CH;Q、U及V各自獨立地為N或CRc,但Q、U及V中之至少一者為N;W為O、S、S(O)、S(O)2、NRc、或NC(O)Rc;L為O、S、S(O)、S(O)2、C(CRc)2、或NRc;B’為經取代或未經取代之芳基或經取代或未經取代之雜芳基;Ra及Rb各自獨立地為氫、選擇性經取代之烷基、選擇性經取代之芳基、或選擇性經取代之雜芳基;Rc及Rd各自獨立地為H、選擇性經取代之烷基、選擇性經取代之芳基、選擇性經取代之芳烷基、選擇性經取代之雜芳基、選擇性經取代之雜芳烷基、選擇性經取代之環基、選擇性經取代之雜環基、或烷基羰基;以及各個M-為布朗司德酸(Bronsted acid)之共軛鹼。
於一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之
二鹽,其中Q、U及V各自獨立地為N或CH,但Q、U及V中之至少一者為N。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Q、U及V各自為N。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Q、U及V中之二者為N,以及另一者為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Q及U各自為N以及V為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中U及V為N,以及Q為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Q及V為N以及U為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Q、U及V中之一者為N,以及另二者各自為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中U為N以及Q及V各自為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Q為N以及U及V各自為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中V為N以及Q及U各自為CH。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Y為共價鍵、O、S、NH或CH2,以及n為0、1、2、3或4。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R2及R4各自為氫。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為選擇性經取代之芳基或選擇性經取代之雜芳基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為選擇性經取代之雜芳基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為吡啶基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為ORc、SRc、C(O)ORc、NRcRd、或C(O)NRcRd。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為選擇性經取代之雜環基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為N-嗎啉基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為雜芳基、雜環基或NRcRd,其中NRcRd之Rc與Rd各自獨立地為氫、烷基、環基或雜環基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為
式中:A及A’各自獨立地為O、S、S(O)、S(O)2或NH;R13及R14各自獨立地為H、選擇性經取代之烷基、選擇性經取代之芳基、或選擇性經取代之雜芳基;以及m為1或2。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Z為N,及W為O。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中t為0,及::::::為單鍵。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中X為-NH-或-N(CH3)-。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中t為0,::::::為單鍵,及X為-NH-或-N(CH3)-。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中B為:
式中:D為O、S、S(O)、S(O)2、或NRm;Rj於各次出現時獨立地為鹵原子、CN、羥基、烷基、選擇性經取代之芳基、選擇性經取代之雜芳基、烷氧基、選擇性經取代之芳氧基、或選擇性經取代之雜芳氧基;或附接至二連續碳之兩個Rj共同形成稠合苯環;
Rm為H、烷基、或烷基羰基;以及r為0、1或2。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中B為選擇性經取代之芳基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中B為萘基或
式中Rg為H、鹵原子、CN、烷基、環基、烷氧基、烷基羰基、烷氧基羰基、芳氧基羰基、雜芳氧基羰基、羥基烷基、烷基胺基、或烷基胺基羰基;Rh於各次出現時獨立地為鹵原子、NO2、CN、烷基、芳基、雜芳基、ORc、OC(O)Rc、SO2Rc、S(O)Rc、S(O)2NRcRd、SRc、NRcRd、NRcC(O)ORd、NRcC(O)ORd、NRcC(O)NRcRd、NRcC(NR)NRcRd、NRcSO2Rd、C(O)Rc、OC(O)Rc、C(O)ORc、或C(O)NRcRd;R為烷基、芳基、芳烷基、-C(O)Rc、-ORc、-SRc、-NRcRd、羥基烷基、硝基、氰基、鹵烷基、胺基烷基、或-S(O)2Rc;q為0、1、2、3或4。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中R3為雜芳基、雜環基、或NRcRd,其中NRcRd
之Rc與Rd各自獨立地為氫、烷基、環基或雜環基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中t為1。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中X為NRc,::::::為單鍵,為雙鍵,t為1以及B為C(Ra)(Rb)。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中X為-NH-或-N(CH3)-。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Ra及Rb中之一者為
式中:E為NRi、O、S、S(O)、或S(O)2;E’為N或CRi;Ri為H、烷基或烷基羰基;Rg、Rh、p及q係如前文定義。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Ra及Rb中之一者為
以及Ra及Rb中之另一者為H或烷基,式中:Rg、Rh、Ri及q係如前文定義。於本具體實施例之另一實施態樣中,Rg為H、甲基、乙基、丙基、環丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、甲氧基羰基、或鹵原子;Rh為F、Cl、CN、甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、OC(O)CH3、OC(O)C2H5、C(O)OH、C(O)OC2H5、C(O)NH2、NHC(O)CH3、或S(O)2NH2;Ri為H、甲基、乙基或乙醯基;以及q為0、1或2。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中Ra及Rb中之一者為:
以及Ra及Rb中之另一者為H或烷基,式中Rg係定義如前。於本具體實施例之另一實施態樣中,Rg為鹵原子、烷基或烷氧基羰基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中X為C(Rc),::::::為雙鍵,為單鍵,以及B為L-B’。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中L為-NH-或-N(CH3)-。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中X為CH;
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中B’為:
式中E、E’、Rg、Rh、p及q係如前文定義。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)表示之二鹽,其中B’為
式中Rg、Rh及q係如前文定義。
以式(I)表示之化合物之一或多個具體實施例可組合而形成其他本發明化合物。全部此等組合皆明確地涵蓋於本發明中。
於另一實施態樣中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽:
或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥,式中B’、M-、Q、U、W、Y、Z、R2、R3、R4、R6及n係如前文定義;以及式中:G為O、S、S(O)、S(O)2、或NRe;L為O、S、S(O)、S(O)2、NRe、或C(O);J為N或CRf;Re於各次出現時獨立地為H、烷基、芳基、醯基、芳基磺醯基或烷基磺醯基;以及Rf為H、烷基、芳基、醯基、芳基磺醯基、烷基磺醯基、烷氧基、胺基、酯基、醯胺基、CN或鹵原子。
於一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中G為NRe,以及J為N。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中Z為N。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示
之二鹽,其中W為O。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中L1為NRe。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中Q及U各自為N。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中R3為鹵原子、CN、烷基、芳基、雜芳基、ORc、OC(O)Rc、NRcRd、NRcC(O)Rd、C(O)ORc、或C(O)NRcRd。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中R3為選擇性經取代之芳基、選擇性經取代之雜芳基、選擇性經取代之芳氧基、或選擇性經取代之雜芳氧基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中R3為選擇性經取代之雜芳基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中R3為吡啶基、三唑基、四唑基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吲哚基或吲基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中該化合物為N-氧化物。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中B’為選擇性經取代之芳基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中Y為NRc。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中Y為O。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,其中B’為
式中Rg、Rh及q係如前文定義。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(II)表示之二鹽,式中B’為
式中Rg、Rh及q係如前文定義。於本具體實施例之另一實施態樣中,Rg為H、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、Me、Et、Pr、i-Pr、OMe、或OEt。
以式(II)表示之化合物之一或多個具體實施例可組合形成其他本發明化合物。全部此等組合皆明確地涵蓋於本發明中。
於另一實施態樣中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽:
或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥,式中:R7、R8、R9及R10各自獨立地為Rc、鹵原子、CN、烯基、炔基、ORc、OC(O)Rc、SO2Rc、S(O)Rc、S(O2)NRcRd、SRc、NRcRd、NRcCORd、NRcC(O)ORd、NRcC(O)NRcRd、NRcSO2Rd、CORc、C(O)ORc、或C(O)NRcRd;R11及R12中之一者為-L2-R5,而另一者為如下結構式表示之基團:
R5為選擇性經取代之芳基、選擇性經取代之雜芳基或以下式表示之基團:
L2為O、S、S(O)、S(O)2或NRc;以及M-、W、Z、Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd、及R6係如前文定義。
於一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R5係以下式表示:
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中L2為-NH-、-N(CH3)-、-N(CH2CH3)-、或-N(C(O)CH3)-。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中Z為N及W為O。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中Ra及Rb中之一者為選擇性經取代之芳基或選擇性經取代之雜芳基,以及Ra及Rb中之另一者為H或烷基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R7、R8、R9及R10各自獨立地為H、-OH、烷氧基或烷基羰基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中Ra及Rb中之一者為
式中E、E’、Rg、Rh、p及q係如前文定義。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中Ra及Rb中之一者為如下結構式表示之基團:
式中Rg、Rh及q係如前文定義;以及Ra及Rb中之另一者為H或烷基。於本具體實施例之另一實施態樣中,Rg為H、甲基、乙基、丙基、環丙基、甲氧基或乙氧基;以及Rh於各次出現時獨立地為F、Cl、CN、甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、OC(O)CH3、OC(O)C2H5、C(O)OH、C(O)OC2H5、C(O)NH2、NHC(O)CH3、或S(O2)NH2。於本具體實施例之另一實施態樣中,Rg為甲基或甲氧基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中Z為N及W為O。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中L2為-NH-、-N(CH3)-、-N(CH2CH3)-、或
-N(C(O)CH3)-。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R7、R8、R9及R10各自獨立地為H、-OH、烷氧基或烷基羰基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R7及R10各自為H以及R8及R9各自為OCH3。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R6為H。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R12為如下結構式表示之基團:
R11為以下式表示之基團:
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R12為如下結構式表示之基團:
R11為如下結構式表示之基團:
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R5為選擇性經取代之芳基或選擇性經取代之雜芳基。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R5為:
式中D、Rj及r係如前文定義。於本具體實施例之一實施態樣中,r為1或2;以及Rj各自獨立地為甲基、乙基、或丙基;或附接至連續兩個碳原子之兩個Rj共同形成一個稠合苯環。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R5為如下結構式表示之基團:
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R7、R8、R9及R10各自獨立地為H或ORc。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,式中R12為如下結構式表示之基團:
R11為如下結構式表示之基團:
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(III)表示之二鹽,其中R12為如下結構式表示之基團:
R11為如下結構式表示之基團:
以式(III)表示之化合物之一或多個具體實施例可組合形成其他本發明化合物。全部此等組合皆明確地涵蓋於本發明中。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為具有pKa為約-15至約5之布朗司德酸之共軛鹼。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為具有pKa為至多約-6之布朗司德酸之共軛鹼。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為具有pKa為至多約-1之布朗司德酸之共軛鹼。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為具有pKa為至多約1之布朗司德酸之共軛鹼。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為甲烷磺酸根。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為溴陰離子(bromide)。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、
(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為氯陰離子(chloride)。
於另一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一種以式(I)、(II)、或(III)表示之二鹽,其中M-為前述布朗司德酸之共軛鹼之任一種組合。
本發明之另一實施態樣為一種經由此處說明之方法製造之產物(例如化合物或組成物)。該方法可包括如此處所述之一或多種化學轉換、鹽生成或其他化學方法;以及可包括如此處說明之一或多種試劑、中間物、溶劑、或條件。
於另一實施態樣中,本發明係有關一種治療或預防與IL-12之生成相關之病症之方法,該等病症例如多發性硬化症、敗血病、重症肌無力、自體免疫性神經病變、奇蘭巴瑞氏症候群、自體免疫性葡萄膜炎、自體免疫性溶血性貧血、惡性貧血、自體免疫性血小板減少症、顳動脈炎、抗磷脂質症候群、血管炎、韋格納氏肉芽腫、貝歇特氏病、乾癬、乾癬性關節炎、疱疹樣皮膚炎、尋常天皰瘡、白斑、克隆氏病、潰瘍性結腸炎、間質性肺纖維化、骨髓纖維化、肝纖維化、心肌炎、甲狀腺炎、原發性膽汁型肝硬化、自體免疫性肝炎、免疫媒介型糖尿病、葛雷夫氏病、橋本氏甲狀腺炎、自體免疫性卵巢炎及自體免疫性睪丸炎、腎上腺之自體免疫病、類風濕性關節炎、幼年型類風濕性關節炎、系統性紅斑性狼瘡、硬皮病、多發性肌炎、皮肌炎、脊椎關節病變、僵直性脊椎炎、修格連氏症候群、及移植物對宿主疾病。該方法包含對有需要治療與IL-12之生成相關之病症之個體(例如人類或動物)投予有效量之一或多
種此處所述之二鹽類,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥,或包含有效量之一或多種此處所述之二鹽類之醫藥組成物,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥。於一具體實施例中,該方法包含治療或預防選自類風濕性關節炎、敗血病、克隆氏病、多發性硬化症、乾癬、或免疫媒介型糖尿病所組成之組群之與IL-12生成相關之病症。有需要治療與IL-12之生成相關之病症之個體之識別可由個體或衛生專業人員判定,且可為主觀(例如觀點)或客觀(例如藉測試或診斷方法測定)。
於一實施態樣中,本發明係有關一種治療或預防與過量骨質流失相關聯之病症之方法,該等病症例如為牙周病、非惡性骨病(例如骨質疏鬆症、骨之巴吉特氏病、成骨不全、纖維性發育不良、及原發性副甲狀腺機能亢進)、雌激素缺乏、發炎性骨質流失、骨惡性病、關節炎、骨質石化病、及若干癌症相關病症(例如伴隨惡性腫瘤之高鈣血症(HCM)、多發性骨髓瘤之溶骨性骨病變、及乳癌之溶骨性骨轉移與其他轉移癌)。該方法包括對有需要之個體(例如人類或動物)投予有效量之一或多種此處所述之二鹽類,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥,或包含有效量之一或多種此處所述之二鹽類之醫藥組成物,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥。該方法也可包括識別有需要治療前文說明之疾病或病症之個體之步驟。該識別可為個體或衛生專業人員之判定,且可為主觀(例如觀點)或客觀(例如藉試驗或診斷方法測定)。
於另一實施態樣中,本發明係有關於活體外或於活體內抑制蝕骨細胞生成之方法。該方法包括將前蝕骨細胞(pre-osteoclast cell)(例如當分化及/或融合後可生成蝕骨細胞之細胞)與有效量之此處所述之二鹽類,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥,或包含有效量之此處所述之二鹽類之醫藥組成物,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥接觸。
於又一實施態樣中,本發明係有關於有需要之個體治療或預防與蝕骨細胞所造成過度骨質溶蝕有關之病症之方法。該方法包括對有需要之個體(例如人類或動物)投予有效量之一或多種此處所述之二鹽類,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥,或包含有效量之一或多種此處所述之二鹽類之醫藥組成物,或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物、或前藥。該方法也可包括識別有需要治療前文說明之疾病或病症之個體之步驟。該識別可為個體或衛生專業人員之判定,且可為主觀(例如觀點)或客觀(例如藉試驗或診斷方法測定)。
本發明之二鹽類可包括二質子化(diprotonated)之IL-12生成抑制劑化合物本身,以及若適用時包括其前藥。如此處所使用,且除非另行指示,否則「前藥」一詞表示於生物條件(活體外或活體內)下可水解、氧化或以其他方式反應來產生本發明化合物之化合物衍生物。前藥可唯有於生物條件下藉由反應才變成活性,或可於其未經反應之形式具有活性。本發明意圖涵蓋之前藥實例係包括(但非限
制性)此處揭示之任一化學式化合物之類似物或衍生物,其包含可生物水解部分例如可生物水解醯胺類、可生物水解酯類、可生物水解胺基甲酸酯類、可生物水解碳酸酯類、可生物水解醯脲類、及可生物水解磷酸酯類似物類。其他前藥之實例包括此處所揭示之任一化學式化合物的衍生物,其包含-NO、-NO2、-ONO、或-ONO2部分。前藥典型地可使用眾所周知之方法製備,例如彼等述於1 BURGER’S MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY AND DRUG DISCOVERY(1995)172-178,949-982(Manfred E.Wolff編輯第5版)。
如此處所使用,且除非另行指示,否則「可生物水解醯胺」、「可生物水解酯」、「可生物水解胺基甲酸酯」、「可生物水解碳酸酯」、「可生物水解醯脲」及「可生物水解磷酸酯類似物」分別表示醯胺、酯、胺基甲酸酯、碳酸酯、醯脲或磷酸酯類似物,其:1)未摧毀化合物之生物活性,且於活體內對化合物提供有利性質如吸收、作用持續時間或作用起點;或2)本身不具生物活性,但於活體內轉成生物活性化合物。可生物水解醯胺類之實例係包括(但非限制性)低級烷基醯胺類、α-胺基酸醯胺類、烷氧基醯基醯胺類、及烷基胺基烷基羰基醯胺類。可生物水解酯類之實例係包括(但非限制性)低級烷基酯類、烷氧基醯氧基酯類、烷基醯基胺基烷基酯類、及膽鹼酯類。可生物水解胺基甲酸酯類之實例係包括(但非限制性)低級烷基胺類、經取代之伸乙基二胺類、胺基酸類、羥基烷基胺類、雜環胺類及
雜芳香胺類及聚醚胺類。
如此處所使用,「醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物」一詞為由一或多種溶劑分子結合至本發明之二鹽類之一者所形成之溶劑合物。溶劑合物一詞包括水合物(例如半水合物、一水合物、二水合物、三水合物、四水合物等)。
本發明之二鹽類可含有一或多個非對稱中心,故而呈外消旋物及外消旋混合物、單一鏡像異構物、個別非鏡像異構物及非鏡像異構物混合物。全部此等二鹽類之異構物形式皆明確地含括於本發明中。本發明之二鹽類也可含有鍵聯(linkages)(例如碳-碳鍵),其中鍵旋轉係受到特定鍵聯所限制,例如由於存在環或雙鍵所造成之限制。因此全部順/反異構物及E/Z異構物皆明確地含括於本發明中。本發明之二鹽類也可以多種互變異構體表示,此種情況下,本發明明確地包括此處所述二鹽類之全部互變異構體,即使只可呈現單一互變異構體亦如此(例如環系之烷化反應可能導致多個位置之烷化,本發明明確地包括全部此等反應產物)。全部此等二鹽類之此等異構形皆明確地含括於本發明中。此處所述二鹽類之全部晶形(crystal forms)及多晶型物(polymorphs)皆明確地含括於本發明中。
此外,前述芳香環含氮化合物也包括其N-氧化物。「N-氧化物」一詞表示當一或多個氮原子存在於芳香環含氮化合物時,係呈N-氧化物形式,亦即。
本發明所涵蓋之取代基及變數之組合僅彼等導致生成
安定二鹽類之取代基及變數之組合。如此處所使用,「安定」一詞係指二鹽類,其具有足以允許製造之安定度且維持二鹽類之完整性經歷一段足夠用於此處詳細說明之目的之時間[例如治療IL-12生成相關病症,諸如類風濕性關節炎、敗血病、克隆氏病、多發性硬化症、乾癬或胰島素依賴型糖尿病;治療或預防與骨質過量流失有關之病症,例如牙周病、非惡性骨病(例如骨質疏鬆症、骨之巴吉特氏病、成骨不全、纖維性發育不良、及原發性副甲狀腺機能亢進)、雌激素缺乏、發炎性骨質流失、骨惡性病、關節炎、骨質石化病、及若干癌症相關病症(例如伴隨惡性腫瘤之高鈣血症(HCM)、多發性骨髓瘤之溶骨性骨病變、及乳癌之溶骨性骨轉移與其他轉移癌);於活體外或活體內抑制蝕骨細胞之生成;或治療或預防與蝕骨細胞所造成骨質過度溶蝕有關之病症]。
也屬於本發明範圍內者為一種組成物,其包含醫藥上可接受之載劑以及一或多種前文說明之二鹽類。該組成物可用於治療IL-12生成相關病症(例如類風濕性關節炎、敗血病、克隆氏病、多發性硬化症、乾癬或胰島素依賴型糖尿病);治療或預防與骨質過量流失有關之病症,例如牙周病、非惡性骨病(例如骨質疏鬆症、骨之巴吉特氏病、成骨不全、纖維性發育不良、及原發性副甲狀腺機能亢進)、雌激素缺乏、發炎性骨質流失、骨惡性病、關節炎、骨質石化病、及若干癌症相關病症(例如伴隨惡性腫瘤之高鈣血症(HCM)、多發性骨髓瘤之溶骨性骨病變、及乳癌之溶骨性
骨轉移與其他轉移癌);於活體外或活體內抑制蝕骨細胞之生成;或治療或預防與蝕骨細胞所造成之骨質過度溶蝕有關之病症。
於另一實施態樣中,本發明係有關一種醫藥組成物,其含有醫藥上可接受之載劑及有效量之至少一種本發明之二鹽類或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物或前藥。此等組成物可進一步包括一或多種其他活性劑。此等組成物可用於治療或預防一或多種此處所列舉之病症。
也屬於本發明之範圍內者為將此處所述一或多種二鹽類或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物或其前藥、或包含有效量之一或多種此處所述之二鹽類之醫藥組成物或其醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、籠合物或前藥用於製造藥物之用途。該藥物可用於治療IL-12生成相關病症(例如類風濕性關節炎、敗血病、克隆氏病、多發性硬化症、乾癬或胰島素依賴型糖尿病);治療或預防與骨質過量流失有關之病症,例如牙周病、非惡性骨病(例如骨質疏鬆症、骨之巴吉特氏病、成骨不全、纖維性發育不良、及原發性副甲狀腺機能亢進)、雌激素缺乏、發炎性骨質流失、骨惡性病、關節炎、骨質石化病、及若干癌症相關病症(例如伴隨惡性腫瘤之高鈣血症(HCM)、多發性骨髓瘤之溶骨性骨病變、及乳癌之溶骨性骨轉移與其他轉移癌);於活體外或活體內抑制蝕骨細胞之生成;或治療或預防與蝕骨細胞所造成之骨質過度溶蝕有關之病症。
本發明亦關於一種製造此處所述之二鹽之方法。於一
具體實施例中,該方法係包含將式(Ia)、(IIa)或(IIIa)所示之化合物與具有pKa為約-15至約5之布朗司德酸接觸:
式中R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、B’、G、J、L1、Q、U、V、W、Y、及n係如前文定
義。
於一具體實施例,該方法包括取得此處所述任一種中間化合物,以及讓該中間化合物與一或多種化學劑於一或多個步驟反應以製造此處所述之化合物。
若干具體實施例中,相對於對應之一質子化化合物及/或非質子化化合物,該二鹽類具有增強之一或多種性質(例如生物可利用率、溶解度、熔點及安定性),且較佳地相對於一質子化化合物及/或非質子化化合物,該二鹽類具有更佳調配性質。
本發明之其他特色及優點將由說明部分以及由申請專利範圍更為彰顯。
如此處所使用,「烷基」一詞表示含有1至12個碳原子之直鏈或分支烴基。烷基可選擇性經一或多個取代基取代。烷基之實例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、第三丁基、及正戊基。
如此處所使用,「烷氧基」或「烷基氧基」等詞表示藉由氧而鍵聯至另一部分之烷基(亦即-O-烷基)。烷氧基之烷基部分可選擇性經取代。
「烯基」一詞表示不飽和烴鏈,其可為直鏈或分支鏈,含有2至12個碳原子及至少一個碳-碳雙鍵。烯基可選擇性經一或多個取代基取代。
「炔基」一詞表示不飽和烴鏈,其可為直鏈或分支鏈,含有2至12個碳原子及至少一個碳-碳三鍵。炔基可選擇
性經一或多個取代基取代。
烯基及炔基之sp2碳或sp碳分別可選擇性地為烯基或炔基之附接點。
「芳基」一詞表示具有至少一個芳香環之烴單環、雙環或參環環系。芳基可選擇性經一或多個取代基取代。於一具體實施例中,芳基之各個環的0、1、2、3、4、5或6個原子可經取代基取代。芳基之實例包括苯基、萘基、蒽基、芴基、茚基、薁基等。
如此處所使用,「伸烷基」一詞表示有兩個附接點之烷基。「(C1-C6)伸烷基」一詞表示含1至6個碳原子之伸烷基。伸烷基之非限制性實例包括亞甲基(-CH2-)、伸乙基(-CH2CH2-)、正伸丙基(-CH2CH2CH2-)、異伸丙基(-CH2CH(CH3)-)等。
如此處所使用,「芳烷基」一詞表示藉由(C1-C6)伸烷基而附接至另一個基團之芳基。芳烷基可於芳烷基的芳基部分、或於芳烷基的伸烷基部分選擇性地經一或多個取代基取代。代表性芳烷基包括苄基、2-苯基-乙基、萘-3-基甲基等。
「雜芳基」一詞表示具有至少一個芳香環之單環系、雙環系或參環系,其中單環雜芳基具有5至8員,雙環雜芳基具有8至12員及參環雜芳基具有11至14員。雜芳基若為單環系可具有1至4個環雜原子,若為雙環系可具有1至6個雜原子,若為參環系則可具有1至9個雜原子,該等雜原子係選自O、N或S,而其餘環原子為碳(除非另
行指示,否則含有適當氫原子)。雜芳基可選擇性經一或多個取代基取代。於一具體實施例中,雜芳基之各個環的0、1、2、3或4個原子可經取代基取代。雜芳基之實例包括吡啶基、1-酮基-吡啶基、呋喃基、苯并[1,3]二氧雜環戊烷基、苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯基、噻吩基、吡咯基、唑基、二唑基、咪唑基、噻唑基、異唑基、喹啉基、吡唑基、異噻唑基、嗒基、嘧啶基、吡基、三基、三唑基、噻二唑基、異喹啉基、吲唑基、苯并唑基、苯并呋喃基、吲基、咪唑并吡啶基、四唑基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并二唑基、吲哚基、四氫吲哚基、吖吲哚基、咪唑并吡啶基、喹唑啉基、嘌呤基、吡咯并[2,3]嘧啶基、吡唑并[3,4]嘧啶基、及苯并(b)噻吩基、3H-噻唑并[2,3-c][1,2,4]噻二唑基、咪唑并[1,2-d]-1,2,4-噻二唑基、咪唑并[2,1-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑基、1H,2H-呋喃并[3,4-d]-1,2,3-噻二唑基、1H-吡唑并[5,1-c]-1,2,4-三唑基、吡咯并[3,4-d]-1,2,3-三唑基、環戊烷并三唑基、3H-吡咯并[3,4-c]異唑基、1H,3H-吡咯并[1,2-c]唑基、吡咯并[2,1-b]唑基等。
如此處所使用,「雜芳烷基」或「雜芳基烷基」等詞表示藉由(C1-C6)伸烷基附接至另一個基團之雜芳基。雜芳烷基可選擇性經一或多個取代基取代於雜芳烷基之雜芳基部分、或取代於雜芳烷基之伸烷基部分。代表性雜芳烷基包括2-(吡啶-4-基)-丙基、2-(噻吩-3-基)-乙基、咪唑-4-基-甲基等。
「環基」一詞表示具有3至14個環原子之部分飽和或完全飽和之非芳香族單環或雙環烴環系。例示之環基環(cyclyl rings)包括環丙基、環己基、環戊基、環己烯基、環己二烯基、環戊烯基等。
「雜環基」一詞表示具有3至14個環原子之部分飽和或完全飽和之非芳香族單環系或雙環系。雜環基環含有一或多個雜原子(例如O、N或S)作為環系之一部分,而其餘為碳。例示之雜環基環包括哌啶基、哌基、嗎啉基、硫代嗎啉基、1,4-氧雜氮雜環庚烷基、吡喃基、2-酮基-1H-吡啶基等。
「巰基」一詞表示-SH。「烷基硫基」一詞表示-S-烷基。「芳基硫基」一詞表示-S-芳基。烷基硫基或芳基硫基之烷基部分或芳基部分可選擇性經取代。
如此處所使用,「鹵素」或「鹵原子」等詞表示-F、-Cl、-Br或-I。
如此處所使用,「鹵烷基」一詞表示任何烷基中之一或多個(包括全部)氫原子由鹵原子所置換,其中各個鹵原子分別係選自-F、-Cl、-Br及-I。「鹵甲基」表示甲基中之一至三個氫原子已經被鹵原子所置換。代表性鹵烷基包括三氟甲基、溴甲基、1,2-二氯乙基、4-碘丁基、2-氟戊基等。
如此處使用,「鹵烷氧基」一詞表示烷氧基中之一或多個(含全部)氫原子由鹵原子所置換,其中各個鹵原子分別係選自-F、-Cl、-Br及-]。
「胺基」一詞表示-NH2。「烷基胺基」一詞表示胺基
中之一個氫原子已經由烷基所置換。「二烷基胺基」表示胺基中之兩個氫原子已經由兩個獨立選用之烷基所置換。同理,「芳基胺基」一詞表示胺基中之一個氫原子已經由芳基所置換。「二芳基胺基」表示胺基中之兩個氫原子已經由兩個獨立選用之芳基所置換。
「疊氮基」一詞表示具有式-N=N+=N-之基團。
「巰基烷基」一詞表示進一步經一或多個巰基取代之烷基取代基。「巰基烷氧基」一詞表示進一步經一或多個巰基取代之烷氧基取代基。
「羥烷基」或「羥基烷基」等詞表示進一步經一或多個羥基取代之烷基取代基。
「磺醯基烷基」一詞表示進一步經一或多個磺醯基取代之烷基取代基。「磺醯基芳基」一詞表示進一步經一或多個磺醯基取代之芳基取代基。
「烷基羰基」一詞表示-C(O)-烷基。「烷基羰烷基」一詞表示進一步經-C(O)-烷基取代之烷基取代基。烷基胺基、二烷基胺基、胺基烷基、巰基烷基、巰基烷氧基、羥基烷基、巰基烷氧基、磺醯基烷基、磺醯基芳基、烷基羰基、及烷基羰基烷基之烷基或芳基部分可選擇性經一或多個取代基取代。
「酯」一詞表示-C(O)O-Rc;或若指二價基團,則「酯」基為-C(O)O-或-OC(O)-。「醯胺基」為-C(O)NH2。若指二價「醯胺基」,則該基團為-C(O)N-或-NC(O)-。
前述烷基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、烷基胺基、二烷基胺
基、伸烷基、烯基、炔基、環基、雜環基、芳基、芳烷基及雜芳基可為經取代部分或未經取代部分。「經取代」一詞表示一或多個取代基(可相同或相異),其各自置換氫原子。烷基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、烷基胺基、二烷基胺基、伸烷基、烯基、炔基、環基、雜環基、芳基、芳烷基及雜芳基之適當取代基包括可形成安定之本發明化合物之任何取代基。烷基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、烷基胺基、二烷基胺基、伸烷基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、環烯基、雜環基、芳基、芳烷基及雜芳烷基之取代基的實例包括烷基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、烷基胺基、二烷基胺基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、環烯基、雜環基、芳基、雜芳基、芳烷基、雜芳烷基、鹵烷基、鹵原子、氰基、硝基、鹵烷氧基、-OR15、-SR15、-NR17R18、-C(O)NR17R18、-NR15C(O)R16、-C(S)NR17R18、-NR15C(S)R16、-C(NR19)NR17R18、-NR15C(NR19)R16、-C(O)R15、-C(S)R15、-C(NR19)R15、-C(O)OR15、-C(O)SR15、-OC(O)R15、-SC(O)R15、-C(S)OR15、-C(S)SR15、-OC(S)R15、-SC(S)R15、-C(NR19)OR15、-C(NR19)SR15、-OC(NR19)R15、-SC(NR19)R15、-NR15C(O)NR17R18、-NR15C(S)NR17R18、-NR15C(NR19)NR17R18、-OC(O)NR17R18、-OC(S)NR17R18、-OC(NR19)NR17R18、-SC(O)NR17R18、-SC(S)NR17R18、-SC(NR19)NR17R18、-NR15C(O)OR16、-NR15C(S)OR16、-NR15C(NR19)OR16、-NR15C(O)SR16、-NR15C(S)SR16、-NR15C(NR19)SR16、-S(O)pOR15、-OS(O)pOR15、-OS(O)pR15、-S(O)pR15、-S(O)pNR17R18、-NR15S(O)pR16、-P(O)
(OR15)2、-OP(O)(OR15)2、-P(S)(OR15)2、-OP(S)(OR15)2、-SP(O)(OR15)2、-OP(O)(OR15)(SR16)、或-P(O)(OR15)(SR16),其中R17及R18於各次出現時獨立地為H、選擇性經取代之烷基、選擇性經取代之烯基、選擇性經取代之炔基、選擇性經取代之環基、選擇性經取代之雜環基、選擇性經取代之芳基、選擇性經取代之雜芳基、選擇性經取代之芳烷基、或選擇性經取代之雜芳烷基;或R17及R18與其附接之氮共同為選擇性經取代之雜環基或選擇性經取代之雜芳基;以及R15及R16於各次出現時獨立地為H、選擇性經取代之烷基、選擇性經取代之烯基、選擇性經取代之炔基、選擇性經取代之環基、選擇性經取代之雜環基、選擇性經取代之芳基、選擇性經取代之雜芳基、選擇性經取代之芳烷基、或選擇性經取代之雜芳烷基。R19於各次出現時獨立地為H、選擇性經取代之烷基、選擇性經取代之環基、選擇性經取代之雜環基、選擇性經取代之芳基、選擇性經取代之雜芳基、選擇性經取代之芳烷基、選擇性經取代之雜芳烷基、-C(O)Rc、-OR15、-SR15、-NR17R18、羥基烷基、硝基、氰基、鹵烷基、胺基烷基或-S(O)2Rc。
此外,烷基、伸烷基、以及烯基、環基、炔基、芳烷基、雜環基與雜芳烷基基團之任何飽和部分也可經=O、=S、=N-R19取代。
當雜環基、雜芳基、或雜芳烷基基團含有氮原子時,其可經取代或未經取代。當雜芳基之芳香環中之氮原子有取代基時,該氮可為四級氮。
於一具體實施例中,烷基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、烷基胺基、二烷基胺基、伸烷基、烯基、炔基、環基、雜環基、芳基、芳烷基及雜芳基之適當取代基包括(但非限制性)鹵素(F、Cl、Br或I)、羥基、胺基、烷基胺基、芳基胺基、二烷基胺基、二芳基胺基、氰基、硝基、巰基、羰基、胺甲醯胺基(carbamido)、胺甲醯基、羧基、硫脲基、氰硫基、磺醯胺基(sulfonamido)、烷基、烯基、烷氧基、芳基、雜芳基、環基、雜環基,其中烷基、烯基、烷氧基、芳基、雜芳基、環基、及雜環基係選擇性經以烷基、芳基、雜芳基、鹵素、羥基、巰基、氰基或硝基取代。
本發明涵蓋之取代基及變數之選擇及組合為彼等導致生成穩定化合物之取代基及變數之選擇及組合。「穩定」一詞用於此處表示化合物具有足夠允許製造之穩定性,以及該穩定性係維持化合物之完整性經歷一段足夠用於此處詳細說明之目的(例如治療性或預防性投予個體)之時間。典型地,此種化合物係於無過量水分存在下於40℃或以下之溫度穩定至少一週。此種選擇及組合為熟諳技藝人士顯然易知,可無需經由不必要之實驗而確定。
如此處所使用,「動物」、「個體」及「病人」等詞包括(但非限制性)牛、猴、馬、羊、豬、雞、火雞、鵪鶉、貓、犬、小鼠、大鼠、兔、天竺鼠及人(較佳為人)。
如此處所使用,「低級」一詞表示一個基團具有至多四個原子。例如「低級烷基」表示具有1至4個碳原子之烷基;「低級烯基」或「低級炔基」分別表示具有2至4個碳
原子之烯基或炔基;以及低級烷氧基表示具有1至4個碳原子之烷氧基。
如此處所使用,「醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物」一詞為由一或多種溶劑分子結合至式(I)、(II)或(III)之化合物之一者所生成之溶劑合物。「溶劑合物」一詞包括水合物(例如一水合物、二水合物、三水合物、四水合物等)。
如此處所使用,「籠合物」一詞表示本發明之二鹽類係呈晶格形式,該晶格含有空間(例如通道)以將客分子(guest molecule)(例如溶劑或水)捕捉於其中。
如此處所使用,「前蝕骨細胞」一詞為當分化及/或融合後可形成蝕骨細胞之細胞,且包括(但非限制性)循環性單核細胞及組織巨噬細胞(N.Kurihara等人,Endocrinology 126:2733-41(1990))。不欲受理論所限,前蝕骨細胞轉換成活性蝕骨細胞之過程相信牽涉兩種由前蝕骨細胞所產生之因子,M-CSF及ODF。此等因子活化某些將前蝕骨細胞轉換成蝕骨細胞所需之基因。
此處所述之二鹽類可用於治療或預防任一種與IL-12之生成相關的病症,例如發炎病症、免疫病症、神經病症及骨質流失病症。
「發炎病症」一詞包括由IL-12之生成所造成、惡化、或媒介之任一種發炎疾病、病症、或病情。此等發炎病症可包括(但非限制性)氣喘、成人呼吸窘迫症候群、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、發炎性腸病(包括克隆氏病及潰瘍性結腸炎)、多發性硬化症、胰島素依賴型糖尿病、自體免疫性關
節炎(包括類風濕性關節炎、幼年型類風濕性關節炎、乾癬性關節炎)、發炎性肺症候群、尋常天皰瘡、特發性血小板減少性紫瘢、自體免疫性腦膜炎、重症肌無力、自體免疫性甲狀腺炎、皮膚炎(包括異位性皮膚炎及濕疹性皮膚炎)、乾癬、修格連氏症候群(包括繼發於修格連氏症候群之乾燥型角膜結膜炎)、簇狀禿髮、因節肢動物叮咬引發的過敏反應、潰瘍性口瘡、虹膜炎、結膜炎、角膜結膜炎、皮膚型紅斑性狼瘡、硬皮病、陰道炎、直腸炎、藥物疹(例如史蒂芬-強森症候群(Stevens-Johnson syndrome))、痳風逆轉反應(leprosy reversal reactions)、紅斑性結節性痳風、自體免疫性葡萄膜炎、過敏性腦脊髓炎、再生不良性貧血、純紅血球性貧血、特發性小血板減少症、多發性軟骨炎、韋格納氏肉芽腫、慢性活動性肝炎、葛雷夫氏眼病(Graves ophthalmopathy)、原發性膽汁型肝硬化、後葡萄膜炎及間質性肺纖維化。
「發炎病症」係明確地包括急性發炎病症。急性發炎病症的實例包括移植物對宿主疾病、移植排斥、敗血性休克、內毒素血症、萊姆氏關節炎(Lyme arthritis)、感染性腦膜炎(例如病毒、細菌、與萊姆氏病有關之感染性腦膜炎)、氣喘急性發作、及自體免疫病急性發作。
「發炎病症」係明確地包括慢性發炎病症。慢性發炎病症之非制性實例包括氣喘、德國麻疹性關節炎,及慢性自體免疫病例如全身性紅斑性狼瘡、乾癬、發炎性腸病包括克隆氏病及潰瘍性結腸炎、多發性硬化症及類風濕性關
節炎。
「免疫疾病」一詞包括任一種經由IL-12生成所引起、惡化或媒介之免疫疾病、病症或病情。此等免疫疾病可包括(但非限制性)類風濕性關節炎、幼年型類風濕性關節炎、全身型(systemic onset)幼年型類風濕性關節炎、乾癬性關節炎、僵直性脊椎炎、胃潰瘍、血清陰性關節病、骨關節炎、發炎性腸病、潰瘍性結腸炎、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、抗磷脂質症候群、虹膜睫狀體炎/葡萄膜炎/視神經炎、特發性肺纖維化、全身性血管炎/韋格納氏肉芽腫、肉狀瘤病、睪丸炎/輸精管切除逆轉手術、過敏病/異位病、氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、濕疹、過敏性接觸性皮膚炎、過敏性結膜炎、過敏性肺炎、移植、器官移植排斥、移植物對宿主疾病、全身性發炎反應症候群、敗血症候群、革蘭氏陽性敗血病、革蘭氏陰性敗血病、培養陰性敗血病、真菌性敗血病、嗜中性血球減少性發燒、尿路敗血病、腦膜炎球菌血症、創傷/出血、燒燙傷、游離輻射曝露、急性胰炎、成人呼吸窘迫症候群、類風濕性關節炎、酒精性肝炎、慢性發炎病、克隆氏病、鐮刀型血球貧血、糖尿病、腎炎、過敏反應、乾草熱、常年性鼻炎、結膜炎、心內膜炎、氣喘、蕁麻疹、全身性過敏性休克、皮膚炎、惡性貧血、溶血性疾病、血小板減少症、任何器官或組織之移植物排斥、腎移植排斥、心移植排斥、肝移植排斥、胰移植排斥、肺移植排斥、骨髓移植(bone marrow transplant;BMT)排斥、皮膚同種異體移植物排斥、軟骨移植排斥、硬骨移植排斥、小腸移植
排斥、胎兒胸腺移植排斥、副甲狀腺移植排斥、任何器官或組織之異種移植物排斥、同種異體移植物排斥、抗受體過敏反應、葛雷夫氏病(Graves disease)、雷氏病(Raynoud’s disease)、B型胰島素阻抗性糖尿病、氣喘、重症肌無力、抗體媒介之細胞毒性、第III型過敏反應、POEMS症候群(多發性神經病變、器官腫大、內分泌病變、單株免疫球蛋白增多症、及皮膚變化症候群)、多發性神經病變、器官腫大、內分泌病變、單株免疫蛋白增多症、皮膚變化症候群、抗磷脂質症候群、天皰瘡、硬皮病、混合型結締組織病、特發性愛迪生氏病(Addison’s disease)、糖尿病、慢性活動性肝炎、原發性膽汁型肝硬化、白斑、血管炎、心肌梗塞(MI)後心臟切開症候群、第IV型過敏、接觸型皮膚炎、過敏性肺炎、胞內病原體(intracellular organisms)造成之肉芽腫、藥物過敏、代謝型/特發型威爾森氏病(Wilson’s disease)、血色素沉著病、α-1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症、糖尿病性視網膜病變、橋本氏甲狀腺炎、骨質疏鬆症、下視丘-前列腺-腎上腺軸線評估、原發性膽汁型肝硬化、甲狀腺炎、腦脊髓炎、惡病質、囊性纖維化、新生兒慢性肺疾、慢性阻塞性肺疾(COPD)、家族性噬血細胞性淋巴組織細胞增生症、皮膚病、乾癬、禿髮、腎病症候群、腎炎、腎小球性腎炎、急性腎衰竭、血液透析、尿毒症、中毒、子癇前症、okt3治療、抗-cd3治療、細胞激素治療、化學治療、放射性治療(例如包括(但非限制性)虛弱無力、貧血、惡病質等)、慢性水楊酸中毒等。例如參考默克手冊(Merck
Marnal)第12至第17版,默克公司,紐澤西州瑞衛(1972,1977,1982,1987,1992,1999);藥物治療手冊,Wells等人編輯,第2版,Appleton及Lange,康乃狄克州史丹福(1998,2000),個別全文係併入此處作為參考文獻。
「神經病症」一詞包括任何因IL-12生成所引發、惡化或媒介之神經疾病、病症或病情。此等神經病症可包括(但非限制性)神經退化病、多發性硬化症、偏頭痛、愛滋病痴呆複合症、脫髓鞘病例如多發性硬化症及急性橫貫性脊髓炎;錐體外及小腦病症例如皮質脊髓系統病變;基底神經節病症或小腦病症;運動機能亢進之運動病症例如亨丁頓氏舞蹈症(Huntington’s Chorea)及老年性舞蹈症;藥物誘發運動病症例如彼等藉由藥物阻斷中樞神經系統(CNS)多巴胺受體所誘發之運動病症;運動機能過低之運動病症例如帕金森氏病(Parkinson’s disease);進行性核上偏癱(Progressive supranucleo Palsy);小腦結構性病變;脊椎小腦退化例如脊椎性運動失調、弗利德烈克氏運動失調(Friedreich’s ataxia)、小腦皮質退化、多重系統退化[梅賽爾(Mencel)、德杰林-湯瑪士(Dejerine-Thomas)、西-德瑞格(Shi-Drager)及馬恰多-約瑟夫(Machado-Joseph)];全身性病症[瑞夫山氏病(Refsum’s disease)、血中β脂蛋白缺乏、運動失調、微血管擴張、及粒線體多重系統病症(multi-system disorder)];脫髓鞘核病症例如多發性硬化症、急性橫貫性脊髓炎;及運動單位病症例如神經原性肌肉萎縮(前角細胞退化例如肌萎縮性脊側索硬化症、嬰兒型
脊椎肌肉萎縮症及幼年型脊椎肌肉萎縮症);阿滋海默氏病(Alzheimer’s disease);中年唐氏症候群(Down’s syndrome);泛發性路易體(Lewy body)病;路易體型老年性痴呆;沃尼克-可沙可夫氏症候群(Wernicke-Korskoff syndrome);慢性酒精中毒;庫賈氏病-腦軟化症(Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease);亞急性硬化全腦炎、哈勒洛丹-史帕茲病(Hallerrorden-Spatz disease);及拳擊手痴呆等。此等方法可選擇性地包含對有需要此種調節、處理或治療的細胞、組織、器官、動物或病人投予有效量之組成物或醫藥組成物,該組成物或醫藥組成物包含至少一種TNF抗體或特定部分或變異株。參考默克手冊,第16版,默克公司,紐澤西州瑞衛(1992年)。
當此等定義重疊時,該疾病、病情或病症可視為屬於任何前文列舉之與IL-12之生成相關之病症類別中之成員。
「二鹽」一詞表示式A之離子性物質,其具有陽離子性二質子化IL-12生成抑制劑化合物(△)(2H+)與陰離子性電荷平衡部分n(Σ)結合。
{[(△)(2H+)]2+.[n(Σ)]2+} (A)通常,二鹽類係經由使IL-12生成抑制劑化合物(式A之(△))與布朗司德酸接觸而生成。如此處所使用,「布朗司德酸」一詞包括任一種可為質子(H+)施體(donor)之化學物種。雖然不欲受理論所限,但相信當IL-12之生成抑制劑之兩個或兩個以上之(H+)受體(aceptor)原子(例如氮原子)
藉由布朗司德酸質子化時,係發生二鹽之生成。如此,於若干具體實施例中,電荷平衡部分(式A之n(Σ))係相當於用來質子化IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物之布朗司德酸之共軛鹼。於其他具體實施例中,二鹽質子(式A之(2H+))及電荷平衡部分可於隨後之交換反應中置換。舉例言之,二鹽質子可經交換為例如對應之同位素氘離子(2D+)或氚離子(2T+);及/或二鹽電荷平衡部分可例如透過離子交換層析方法而交換為其他帶負電之抗衡離子(counterions)。經由二鹽原料之陰離子交換反應及/或陽離子交換反應而製備之二鹽類也含括於本發明之範圍內。
此處所述之二鹽類可具有相對高的溶解度,例如水溶性。如此處所使用,二鹽於溶劑之「溶解度」表示於加速解離條件下(50至60℃同時以超音波攪動二鹽/溶劑試樣)每單位容積之溶劑可溶解之二鹽之最大質量。除非另行指示,否則溶解度數據係以毫克(mg)/毫升(mL)單位例如mg/mL表示。
於若干具體實施例中,二鹽於水中之溶解度可至少為約10毫克/毫升(例如至少約15毫克/毫升,至少約25毫克/毫升,至少約50毫克/毫升,至少約60毫克/毫升,至少約70毫克/毫升,至少約80毫克/毫升,至少約90毫克/毫升,至少約100毫克/毫升,至少約150毫克/毫升,至少約200毫克/毫升,至少約225毫克/毫升,至少約250毫克/毫升,至少約275毫克/毫升,至少約300毫克/毫升,至少約350毫克/毫升,至少約400毫克/毫升,至少約450
毫克/毫升,至少約500毫克/毫升,至少約550毫克/毫升,至少約600毫克/毫升,至少約650毫克/毫升,至少約700毫克/毫升,至少約750毫克/毫升,至少約800毫克/毫升,至少約850毫克/毫升,至少約900毫克/毫升,至少約950毫克/毫升、至少約1,000毫克/毫升)。
發明人發現二鹽與一鹽(monosalt)間可有出乎意外之溶解度差異。如此處所使用,「一鹽」一詞表示具有陽離子性單一質子化IL-12生成抑制劑化合物例如(△)(1H+)與陰離子性電荷平衡部分例如[1(Σ)]-1組合之離子性物質。舉例言之,發明人發現二鹽之溶解度可出乎意外地比相對應之一鹽之溶解度更高(亦即更為正向且幅度更大)(亦即{[(△)(2H+)]2+.[n(Σ)]2-}之溶解度可出乎意外地比{[(△)(1H+)]1+.[n(Σ)]1-}之溶解度更高)。此外,於若干情況下二鹽之溶解度可出乎意外地比(△)及/或(Σ)之身分不同之一鹽類更高(亦即{[(△)(2H+)]2+.[n(Σ)]2-}之溶解度可出乎意外地比{[(△’)(1H+)]1+.[n(Σ)]1-}之溶解度更高)。於若干具體實施例中,二鹽類之溶解度可比一鹽類之溶解度高約2倍(例如高約3倍、高約4倍、高約5倍、高約6倍、高約7倍、高約8倍、高約9倍、高約10倍、高約11倍、高約12倍、高約13倍、高約14倍、高約15倍、高約16倍、高約17倍、高約18倍、高約19倍、或高約20倍)。
如此,二鹽類具有優於一鹽類作為醫藥調配物及組成物之活性成分之一或多項優點,其中該醫藥調配物及組成
物係用於治療彼等IL-12相關疾病或病症,例如此處所述之IL-12相關疾病或病症。雖然不欲受理論所限,但相信二鹽類比一鹽類之溶解度更高,可讓二鹽之醫藥調配物或組成物比一鹽醫藥調配物或組成物具有更高的生物可利用率。再度,雖然不欲受理論所限,但相信例如二鹽類比一鹽類之溶解度更高,可讓以液體為基底之二鹽組成物及調配物製備成比以液體為基底之一鹽組成物及調配物更高濃度之可能性增高,因而有利地使製備調配物或組成物所需之液體載劑容積減到最小。亦相信例如二鹽類比一鹽類之溶解度更高,可提高二鹽類比一鹽類更快速溶解之可能性,因而有利地使組成物/調配物之製備時間減到最小。
用來形成二鹽類之IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物(亦即式A之△)可包括具有下式Ia、IIa及IIIa中之任一者之化合物(式Ia、IIa及IIIa中之各變數之定義係如前文提供)。
此種IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物之實例係提供如後:
具有式Ia、IIa及IIIa之化合物,如化合物1至14,及其他有用之IL-12生成抑制劑化合物之合成及IL-12生成抑制活性係說明於例如Ono等人美國專利案第6,384,032號,名稱「Il-12之生成抑制劑」;Ono等人美國專利案第6,680,315號,名稱「三化合物」;Ono等人美
國專利案第6,693,097號,名稱「嘧啶化合物」;Sun等人美國專利案第6,660,733號,名稱「嘧啶化合物」;美國專利申請案序列號碼第10/686,505號,申請日2003年10月14日,名稱「新穎化合物」;美國專利申請案序列號碼第6,858,606號,申請日2002年11月26日,名稱「嘧啶化合物」;美國專利申請案序列號碼第10/985,696號,申請日2004年11月10日,名稱「吡啶化合物」;美國專利申請案序列號碼第10/985,716號,申請日2004年11月10日,名稱「雜芳基腙化合物」;美國專利申請案序列號碼第10/985,627號,申請日2004年11月10日,名稱「喹唑啉化合物」,以及美國臨時專利申請案序列號碼第60/620,609號,申請日2004年11月10日,名稱「經三取代之嘧啶化合物之製法」。前述各專利案及專利申請案之所有教示內容係併入本文作為參考文獻。
於若干具體實施例中,當IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物之兩個或兩個以上之(H+)受體原子為氮原子時可出現二鹽之生成。
於若干具體實施例中,希望式Ia及IIa之R3為胺基;烷基胺基;二烷基胺基;具有至少一個鹼性氮原子之雜環基,例如具有烷基或未經取代之環氮原子之雜環基,諸如嗎啉基;或具有至少一個鹼性氮原子之雜芳基,例如具有氮原子其中孤對電子對並未形成芳香族π電子系之一部分之雜芳基,諸如吡啶基。
於若干具體實施例中,希望有腙鍵聯如-N(Rc)-N=C-
及/或胺基鍵聯-N(Rc)-分別構成式Ia、IIa及IIIa之取代基R1、L1-B’或R12之一部分。於前述任一鍵聯中,Rc可各自獨立地為氫或低級烷基,例如CH3。
於若干具體實施例中,希望式Ia及IIa之Z為氮及W為氧,以及式IIIa之R11或R12中之一者為嗎啉基。
於若干具體實施例中,希望式Ia及IIa之R3為胺基;烷基胺基;二烷基胺基;如前文說明之具有至少一個鹼性氮原子之雜環基;或如前文說明之具有至少一個鹼性氮原子之雜芳基;以及希望有腙鍵聯如-N(Rc)-N=C-、及/或胺基鍵聯如-N(Rc)-分別構成式Ia及IIa之取代基R1或L1-B’之一部分。
一般而言,可用於形成此處所述之二鹽類之布朗司德酸可具有約-15至約+5之範圍之pKa(相對於水)(例如約-15至約-14,約-15至約-13,約-15至約-12,約-15至約-11,約-15至約-10,約-15至約-9,約-15至約-8,約-15至約-7,約-15至約-6,約-15至約-5,約-15至約-4,約-15至約-3,約-15至約-2,約-15至約-1,約-15至約0,約-15至約0.7,約-15至約1,約-15至約2,約-15至約3,約-15至約4)。例如參考P.Heinrich Stahl,Camille G.Wermuth.Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts.Wiley-Vch.(2002)p.145-149。例示之酸類包括(但非限制性)鹽酸(HCl);硝酸(HNO3);硫酸(H2SO4);氫溴酸(HBr);氫碘酸(HI);過氯酸(HClO4);磷酸(H3PO4);烷基磺酸類,例如甲烷磺酸(CH3SO3H)及其鹵化類似物,例如三氟甲烷磺酸(CF3SO3H);芳基磺酸類例
如苯磺酸(C6H5SO3H)或對甲苯磺酸(p-TolSO3H);鹵化乙酸類,例如三氟乙酸(CF3CO2H)、三氯乙酸(CCl3CO2H)、二氯乙酸(CHCl2CO2H)、氟乙酸(FCH2CO2H)、及氯乙酸(ClCH2CO2H));苦味酸((O2N)3C6H2OH);草酸((CO2H)2);檸檬酸(C(OH)(CH2CO2H)2CO2H);甲酸(HCO2H);抗壞血酸;及苯甲酸(C6H5CO2H)及其衍生物。於若干具體實施例中,希望使用烷基磺酸類如甲烷磺酸(CH3SO3H)。其他有用之酸類(及pKa值)係述於P.Heinrich Stahl,Camille G.Wermuth.Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts.Wiley-Vch.(2002)p.145-149。
於若干具體實施例中,IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物可分別接觸至少二當量之單質子布朗司德酸,例如HM;二質子布朗司德酸例如H2M;或多質子布朗司德酸;如H3M以提供具有下式之二鹽類,{[(△)(2H+)]2+.[2(M-)]2-}、{[(△)(2H+)]2+.[2(M-)]2-}、及{[(△)(2H+)]2+.[2(H2M-)]2-}。於若干具體實施例中,IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物可分別接觸至少一當量之二質子布朗司德酸、多質子布朗司德酸、或雙官能布朗司德酸例如HM-MH以提供具有下式之二鹽類[(△)(2H+)]2+.(M2-)]2-}、[(△)(2H+)]2+.[(HM2-)]2-}及[(△)(2H+)]2+.(-M-M-)]2-}。
於若干具體實施例中,二鹽類可經由下述方法製備:使IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物接觸溶劑來形成溶液或懸浮液,再讓該溶液或懸浮液接觸布朗司德酸。於若干具體實施例中,該溶液或懸浮液含有至多約1重量百分比(wt%)
IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物(例如至多約2重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物,至多約5重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物,至多約10重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物,至多約15重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物,至多約20重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物,至多約30重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物,至多約40重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物,或至多約50重量百分比(wt%)IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物)。於若干具體實施例中,IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物及溶劑可於室溫如25℃組合來形成懸浮液,以及該懸浮液可加熱至至多約60℃(至多約70℃或至多約80℃)來形成溶液。於其他具體實施例中,布朗司德酸可於室溫添加至懸浮液來形成溶液。於若干具體實施例中,希望於添加布朗司德酸之前,藉由例如加熱來形成IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物溶液。布朗司德酸可例如呈固體、液體、或氣體、或呈溶液如HCl於醚中而淨添加。於若干具體實施例中,希望添加之布朗司德酸量係超過經計算所得生成二鹽所需之布朗司德酸之化學計量。
於若干具體實施例中,溶劑可為C1-C4醇如乙醇(如絕對乙醇)、異丙醇、或2,2,2-三氟乙醇。於若干具體實施例中,溶劑可為包含兩種或兩種以上溶劑之混合溶劑系統,且溶劑可為均質或非均質溶劑系統。混合溶劑系統之組成溶劑可以等量或不等量存在,例如25:70,50:50,90:10。混合溶劑系統之實例包括絕對乙醇/甲苯及絕對乙醇/氯
仿。
二鹽類可藉由例如過濾沉澱之二鹽,或藉由蒸發含有所生成之二鹽之溶液而單離。大量溶劑及/或殘餘溶劑之去除可使用例如下列一或多項技術進行。於若干具體實施例中,溶劑之去除可藉自然蒸散而進行(例如於周圍條件下,實質並未蓄意地由二鹽附近置換溶劑水汽或強迫蒸發)。於若干具體實施例中,溶劑之去除可藉由自二鹽附近(例如藉指定氣流或惰性氣體如氮氣或氬氣之氣流)蓄意置換溶劑水汽而進行。溶劑之去除可於真空進行,例如於至少約0.05毫米汞柱之壓力下進行(例如至少約0.10毫米汞柱,至少約0.50毫米汞柱,至少約1毫米汞柱,至少約5毫米汞柱,至少約10毫米汞柱,至少約30毫米汞柱)。通常,溶劑之去除可選擇性地於例如至多約70℃之溫度下進行(例如至多約60℃,至多約50℃,至多約40℃,至多約30℃,至多約25℃)。
溶劑之去除程度可藉重量法監測(例如乾燥二鹽直到達到恆重),或藉光譜技術監測(例如去除二鹽樣本,獲得樣本之1H NMR光譜來檢測溶劑)。
於若干具體實施例中,希望二鹽實質上不含溶劑。
於若干具體實施例中,希望單離、調配、及/或投予進一步包括一或多種溶劑之二鹽類,例如生成為溶劑合物,或將溶劑分子包含入二鹽類之晶格內部。二鹽類可具有至多約0.05 wt%之一或多種溶劑(例如至多約0.1 wt%,至多約0.5 wt%,至多約1 wt%,至多約2 wt%,至多約3 wt%,
至多約4 wt%,至多約5 wt%,至多約10 wt%,至多約15 wt%)。
與溶劑結合之二鹽類及實質上不含溶劑之二鹽類皆屬於本發明之範圍。
於若干情況下,經由此處所述方法製備之二鹽可進一步包括相對應之一鹽。於若干具體實施例中,希望二鹽實質上不含一鹽。一鹽可藉例如再結晶而去除。
於若干具體實施例中,希望單離、調配及/或投予進一步包括相對應之一鹽之二鹽類。二鹽類可具有至多約0.05 wt%之一鹽(例如至多約0.1 wt%、至多約0.5 wt%、至多約1 wt%、至多約2 wt%、至多約3 wt%、至多約4 wt%、至多約5 wt%、至多約10 wt%、至多約15 wt%、至多約20 wt%、至多約25 wt%、至多約30 wt%、至多約35 wt%、至多約40 wt%、至多約45 wt%)。
與一鹽結合之二鹽類及實質上不含一鹽之二鹽類皆屬於本發明之範圍。
也屬於本發明之範圍者為含有有效量之一或多種本發明之二鹽類及醫藥上可接受之載劑之醫藥組成物。此外,本發明涵蓋一種投予有效量之此種二鹽給有需要治療IL-12之生成相關疾病之個體之方法(該等疾病例如為類風濕性關節炎、敗血症、克隆氏病、多發性硬化、乾癬或胰島素依賴型糖尿病)。「有效量」表示對接受治療之個體提供治療效果之二鹽用量。動物及人類之劑量之交互關係(以每平方米體表面積之毫克數為基準)係述於Freireich等人
(1966)Cancer Chemother Rep 50:219。體表面積可由病人身高及體重估計測定。例如參考科學表格,嘉基(Geigy)藥品公司,紐約州阿德利1970,537。本發明之二鹽之有效量可為約0.01毫克/千克至約1000毫克/千克。如熟諳技藝人士已知,有效劑量亦將依據治療之疾病、投藥途徑、賦形劑之使用以及與其他治療性處理共同使用諸如與其他藥劑共同使用之可能性而改變。
為了實施本發明方法,作為醫藥組成物之成分的二鹽可經口、經腸道外、藉吸入噴霧、局部地、經直腸、經鼻、經頰、經陰道或經植入之貯器投藥。此處所使用「腸道外」一詞包括皮下、皮內、靜脈內、肌肉內、動脈內、關節內、滑膜內、腦室內、鞘內、病灶內及顱內注射技術或輸注技術。
無菌注射組成物例如無菌注射水性懸浮液或油性懸浮液,可根據業界已知方法使用適當分散劑或濕潤劑(例如吞恩(Tween)80)及懸浮劑調配。無菌注射製劑也可為於無毒腸道外可接受之稀釋劑或溶劑中之無菌注射用溶液劑或懸浮液劑,例如呈於1,3-丁二醇中之溶液劑。於可接受之媒劑及溶劑中,可使用者為甘露糖醇、水、林格氏溶液(Ringer’s solution)及等張氯化鈉溶液。此外,無菌非揮發性油習知係用作為溶劑或懸浮介質(例如合成之一酸甘油酯或二酸甘油酯)。脂肪酸如油酸及其甘油酯衍生物可用於製備注射劑,如同天然醫藥上可接受之油類,如橄欖油及蓖麻油,特別為其聚氧乙基化(polyoxyethylated)形式。此
等油溶液或油懸浮液也含有長鏈醇稀釋劑或分散劑,或羧甲基纖維素或類似分散劑。其他常用之界面活性劑例如吞恩類或史班(Spans)類或其他類似之乳化劑或常用於製造醫藥上可接受性固體劑型、液體劑型、或其他劑型之生物可利用性促進劑也可用於調配目的。
口服投藥用組成物可為任一種口服可接受性之劑型,包括(但非限制性)膠囊劑、錠劑、乳液劑及水性懸浮液劑、分散液劑及溶液劑。以口服錠劑為例,常用載劑包括乳糖及玉米澱粉。也典型添加潤滑劑如硬脂酸鎂。呈膠囊劑型供口服投藥,有用之稀釋劑包括乳糖及乾玉米澱粉。當經口投予水性懸浮液劑或乳液劑時,活性成分也可組合乳化劑或懸浮劑而懸浮或溶解於油相。若有所需,可添加某些甜味劑、矯味劑或著色劑。鼻用噴霧劑或吸入組成物可根據醫藥調配業界眾所周知之技術製備,且可採用苯甲醇及其他適當保藏劑、吸收促進劑來提升生物可利用性、氟碳化合物及/或其他業界已知之增溶劑或分散劑製備成於鹽水中之溶液劑。本發明之二鹽也可呈栓劑劑型供直腸投藥。
醫藥組成物之載劑必須為「可接受性」,表示載劑可與調配物之活性成分相容(且較佳可穩定活性成分),且對接受治療個體不會造成不良影響。例如環糊精類增溶劑,其與本發明之二鹽類形成特殊且較為可溶之錯合物,或一或多種增溶劑,可用作為輸送吡啶化合物之醫藥賦形劑。其他載劑之實例包括膠體二氧化矽、硬脂酸鎂、纖維素、硫酸月桂酸鈉及D&C黃色10號。
於若干具體實施例中,本發明之醫藥組成物及劑型包含一或多種相對量之活性成分,且經調配成抑制鈣攝取之指定醫藥組成物或劑型。較佳醫藥組成物及劑型包含此處所述之二鹽或其醫藥上可接受之前藥、溶劑合物、或籠合物,選擇性地組合一或多個額外活性劑。
於有需要之病人治療或預防骨質過量流失相關病症之方法可進一步包含對該經投予本發明之化合物之病人,投予有效量之一或多種其他治療劑。其他治療劑可包括其他例如習用於預防或治療骨質過度溶蝕相關病症或其症狀之治療劑。例如,其他治療劑包括抗溶蝕(anti-resorptive agent)劑例如黃體激素類、多膦酸鹽類(polyphosphonates)、雙膦酸鹽類、雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑、雌激素(例如普力馬林(Premarin®))、雌激素/黃體激素組合、及雌激素衍生物(例如雌酮、雌三醇或17 α,17 β-乙炔基雌二醇)。
於此種組合治療處理中,本發明之化合物及其他藥物製劑係藉習知方法投藥至哺乳類(例如人類、男性或女性)。此等藥劑可以單一劑型或以分開劑型投藥。其他治療劑之有效量為業界熟諳技藝人士眾所周知。但熟諳技藝人士了解如何決定其他治療劑之最佳有效劑量範圍。於本發明之一具體實施例中,當投予另一種治療劑至動物時,本發明之化合物之有效量係低於未投予其他治療劑時之有效量。於另一具體實施例中,習知治療劑之有效量係低於未投予本發明之化合物時的有效量。藉此方式,可將高劑量之任一種治療劑所造成的非期望副作用降至最低。其他可
能之優點(包括(但非限制性)給藥方式的改良及/或藥物成本的下降)為熟諳技藝人士顯然易知。
例示之黃體激素類可得自商業來源且包括:阿孕苯奈德(algestone acetophenide)、亞春諾傑(altrenogest)、亞馬第諾(amadinone)乙酸鹽、亞納孕酮(anagestone)乙酸鹽、克洛馬第諾(chlormadinone)乙酸鹽、新傑斯托(cingestol)、可洛孕酮(clogestone)乙酸鹽、可洛梅孕酮(clomegestone)乙酸鹽、德馬第諾(delmadinone)乙酸鹽、德索傑斯翠(desogestrel)、第梅西特隆(dimethisterone)、待卓傑特隆(dydrogesterone)、伊塞內倫(ethynerone)、待塞諾第爾(dthynodiol)二乙酸鹽、伊托諾傑斯翠(etonogestrel)、富洛孕酮(flurogestone)乙酸鹽、傑斯塔克隆(gestaclone)、傑斯托定(gestodene)、傑斯托諾倫(gestonorone)己酸鹽、傑斯奇諾(gestrinone)、鹵孕酮(haloprogesterone)、羥基孕酮(hydroxyprogesterone)己酸鹽、左去甲傑斯翠(levonorgestrel)、萊內斯翠諾(lynestrenol)、梅朵孕酮(medrogestone)、梅卓孕酮(medroxyprogesterone)乙酸鹽、梅蘭傑斯朵(melengestrol)乙酸鹽、梅塞諾第爾(methynodiol)二乙酸鹽、諾瑞辛朵(norethindrone)、諾瑞辛朵乙酸鹽、諾瑞塞諾卓(norethynodrel)、諾傑斯第梅(norgestimate)、諾傑斯托梅(norgestomet)、諾傑斯翠(norgestrel)、奧索孕酮(oxogestone)苯丙酸鹽、孕酮(progesterone)、昆傑斯塔諾(quingestanol)乙酸鹽、昆孕酮(quingestrone)及提傑斯托(tigestol)。較佳黃體激素類為梅
卓孕酮、諾瑞辛朵及諾瑞塞諾卓。
例示之骨骼溶蝕抑制性多膦酸鹽類包括美國專利第3,683,080號揭示之該類多膦酸鹽類。較佳之多膦酸鹽類為偕二多膦酸鹽類(也稱作為雙膦酸鹽類)。提路卓內(tiludronate)二鈉為特佳之多膦酸鹽。伊班左尼酸(ibandronic acid)為特佳之多膦酸鹽。亞連卓內(alendronate)為特佳之多膦酸鹽。卓雷左尼酸(zoledronic acid)為特佳之多膦酸鹽。其他較佳之多膦酸鹽為6-胺基-1-羥基-亞己基-雙膦酸及1-羥基-3-(甲基戊基胺基)-亞丙基-雙膦酸。多膦酸鹽可以酸形式投藥或以可溶性鹼金屬鹽或鹼土金屬鹽形式投藥。同樣也包括多膦酸鹽類之可水解酯類。特例包括乙烷-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸、甲烷二膦酸、戊烷-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸、甲烷二氯二膦酸、甲烷羥基二膦酸、乙烷-1-胺基-1,1-二膦酸、乙烷-2-胺基-1,1-二膦酸、丙烷-3-胺基-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸、丙烷-N,N-二甲基-3-胺基-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸、丙烷-3,3-二甲基-3-胺基-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸、苯基胺基甲烷二膦酸、N,N-二甲基胺基甲烷二膦酸、N-(2-羥基乙基)胺基甲烷二膦酸、丁烷-4-胺基-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸、戊烷-5-胺基-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸、己烷-6-胺基-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸及其醫藥上可接受之酯類及鹽類。
特別地,本發明之二鹽類可組合哺乳類雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑使用。任一種雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑皆可用於此項目的。雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑一詞表示可與雌激素受體結合,抑制骨代謝(bone turnover)及/或預防骨質流失之化合物。
特別地,雌激素激動劑於此處係定義為可結合至哺乳類組織之雌激素受體位置,且模仿雌激素於一或多種組織之作用之化學化合物。雌激素拮抗劑於此處係定義為可結合至哺乳類組織之雌激素受體位置;且阻斷雌激素於一或多種組織之作用之化學化合物。此等活性係由熟諳標準檢定分析業界人士輕易地測定,該等標準檢定分析包括雌激素受體結合檢定分析、標準骨質組織形態測定方法及骨質密度測定方法,以及E.F Eriksen等人,骨質組織形態計量學(Bone Histomorphometry),Raven出版社,紐約,1-74頁(1994年);S.J.Grier等人,雙能X光吸收術用於動物(The Use of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorpiometry In Animals),Inv.Radiol.31(1):50-62(1996);Wahner H.W.及Fogelman I.,骨質疏鬆症評估(The Evaluation of Osteoporosis):雙能X光吸收術用於臨床實務(Dual Energy X-Ray Absorption In Clinical Practice),Martin Duntiz公司,倫敦,1-296頁(1994年)。多種此等化合物係說明及參照如後。
較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為卓洛西芬(droloxifene):[酚,3-(1-(4-(2-(二甲基胺基)乙氧基)苯基)-2-苯基-1-丁烯基)-,(E)]及揭示於美國專利第5,047,431號之相關化合物。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為3-(4-(1,2-二苯基-丁-1-烯基)-苯基)-丙烯酸,其係揭示於Wilson等人,Endocrinology138:3901-11(1997)。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為塔莫西芬(tamoxifen):[乙胺,2-(4-(1,2-二苯基-1-丁烯基)苯氧基)-N,N-二甲基,(Z)-2-,2-羥基-1,2,3-丙
烷三羧酸酯(1:1)]及揭示於美國專利第4,536,516號之相關化合物。另一種相關化合物為4-羥基塔莫西芬,其係揭示於美國專利第4,623,660號。
較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為拉洛西芬(raloxifene):[甲酮,(6-羥基-2-(4-羥基苯基)苯并[b]噻吩-3-基)(4-(2-(1-哌啶基)乙氧基)苯基)鹽酸鹽],其係揭示於美國專利第4,418,068號。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為托利米芬(toremifene):[乙胺,2-(4-(4-氯-1,2-二苯基-1-丁烯基)苯氧基)-N,N-二甲基-,(Z)-,2-羥基-1,2,3-丙烷三羧酸酯(1:1)],其係揭示於美國專利第4,996,225號。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為仙克洛曼(centchroman):1-(2-((4-(甲氧基-2,2-二甲基-3-苯基--4-基)-苯氧基)-乙基)-吡咯啶,其係揭示於美國專利第3,822,287號。也較佳為雷弗米洛西芬(levormeloxifene)。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為伊朵西芬(idoxifene):(E)-1-(2-(4-(1-(4-碘-苯基)-2-苯基-丁-1-烯基)-苯氧基)-乙基)-吡咯烷酮,其係揭示於美國專利第4,839,155號。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為2-(4-甲氧基-苯基)-3-[4-(2-哌啶-1-基-乙氧基)-苯氧基]-苯并[b]噻吩-6-醇,其係揭示於美國專利第5,488,058號。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為6-(4-羥基-苯基)-5-(4-(2-哌啶-1-基-乙氧基)-苄基)-萘-2-酚,其係揭示於美國專利第5,484,795號。另一種較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑為(4-(2-(2-吖-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基)-乙氧基-苯基)-(6-羥基-2-(4-羥基-苯基)-苯并[b]噻吩-3-基)-甲酮,其係連同其製法揭示於讓
與輝瑞(Pfizer)公司之PCT公告案第WO 95/10513號。其他較佳雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑包括美國專利第5,552,412號所述化合物。此處所述特佳化合物為:順-6-(4-氟-苯基)-5-(4-(2-哌啶-1-基-乙氧基)-苯基)-5,6,7,8-四氫-萘-2-醇;(-)-順-6-苯基-5-(4-(2-吡咯啶-1-基-乙氧基)-苯基)-5,6,7,8-四氫-萘-2-醇;順-6-苯基-5-(4-(2-吡咯啶-1-基-乙氧基)-苯基)-5,6,7,8-四氫-萘-2-醇;順-1-(6’-吡咯啶基乙氧基-3’-吡啶基)-2-苯基-6-羥基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘;1-(4’-吡咯啶基乙氧基苯基)-2-(4”-氟苯基)-6-羥基-1,2,3,4-四氫異喹啉;順-6-(4-羥基苯基)-5-(4-(2-哌啶-1-基-乙氧基)-苯基)-5,6,7,8-四氫-萘-2-醇;及1-(4’-吡咯啶基乙氧基苯基)-2-苯基-6-羥基-1,2,3,4-四氫異喹啉。其他雌激素激動劑/拮抗劑係述於美國專利第4,133,841號。美國專利第4,133,841號揭示2-苯基-3-芳醯基-苯并噻吩及2-苯基-3-芳醯基苯并噻吩-1-氧化物之衍生物。
熟諳技藝人士應了解其他骨合成代謝劑也稱作為骨量(bone mass)增加劑,其可結合本發明之化合物使用。骨量增加劑為種增加骨量至高於骨折閥值的程度之化合物,該骨折閥值係詳述於世界衛生組織研究世界衛生組織,「骨折風險評估及其應用於篩檢停經後骨質疏鬆症(1994年)。WHO研究群報告。世界衛生組織技術系列843」。任一種前列腺素或前列腺素激動劑/拮抗劑皆可組合本發明之化合物使用。熟諳技藝人士應了解也可使用IGF-1、氟化鈉、副甲狀腺激素(PTH)、副甲狀腺激素之活性片段、生長激
素或生長激素分泌促進劑。以下各段更詳細說明可組合本發明之化合物投藥之例示化合物。
前列腺素:前列腺素一詞表示天然前列腺素PGD1、PGD2、PGE2、PGE1及PGF2之類似物,其可用於治療骨質疏鬆症以及其他與蝕骨細胞骨質過度溶蝕相關的病症。此等化合物結合係至前列腺素受體。此種結合係由熟諳技藝人士藉由標準檢定分析輕易地測定[例如S.An等人,人類前列腺素E2受體EP2亞型之選殖與表現,生化與生物物理研究通訊,197(1):263-270(1993)]。
前列腺素為與基本化合物前列腺烷酸相關的脂環族化合物。基本前列腺素之碳原子係由羧酸碳原子(carboxylic carbon atom)、通過環戊基環、至位於相鄰支鏈上的端末碳原子循序編號。通常相鄰支鏈係呈反式方向。於環戊基部分之C-9存在有酮基,顯示為E類之前列腺素,同時PGE2於C13-C14含有反式不飽和雙鍵、以及於C5-C6位置含有順式雙鍵。
多種前列腺素係說明及參照如後。但其他前列腺素為業界人士已知。例示之前列腺素係揭示於美國專利第4,171,331及3,927,197號。Norrdin等人,活體內前列腺素於骨骼之角色,前列腺素白三烯必需脂肪酸41:139-150(1990),一文為骨合成代謝前列腺素之綜論。任一種前列腺素激動劑/拮抗劑皆可與本發明之化合物組合使用。前列腺素激動劑/拮抗劑一詞表示結合至前列腺素受體[例如AnS.等人,人類前列腺素E2受體EP2亞型之選殖與表現,生
化與生物物理研究通訊,197(1):263-270(1993)]且於活體內模仿前列腺素作用之化合物(例如刺激骨質生成及增加骨量)。此等作用係由熟諳標準檢定分析技藝人士輕易地測定。Eriksen E.F.等人,骨質組織形態計量學,Raven出版社,紐約,1-74頁(1994年);S.J.Grier等人,雙能X光吸收術用於動物,Inv.Radiol.31(1):50-62(1996);Wahner H.W.及FogelmanI.,骨質疏鬆症評估:雙能X光吸收術用於臨床實務,Martin Dunitz公司,倫敦,1-296頁(1994年)。多種此等化合物係說明及參照如後。但其他前列腺素激動劑/拮抗劑為熟諳技藝人士已知。例示之前列腺素激動劑/拮抗劑係揭示如後。美國專利第3,932,389號揭示2-去羧基-2-(四唑-5-基)-11-去氧基-15-經取代之-ω-五去甲前列腺素有益於骨質生成活性。美國專利第4,018,892號揭示16-芳基-13,14-二氫-PGE2對-聯苯酯有益於骨質生成活性。美國專利第4,219,483號揭示2,3,6-經取代之-4-吡喃酮有益於骨質生成活性。美國專利第4,132,847號揭示2,3,6-經取代之-4-吡喃酮有益於骨質生成活性。美國專利第4,000,309號揭示16-芳基-13,14-二氫-PGE2對-聯苯酯有益於骨質生成活性。美國專利第3,982,016號揭示16-芳基-13,14-二氫-PGE2對-聯苯酯有益於骨質生成活性。美國專利第4,621,100號揭示經取代之環戊烷類有益於骨質生成活性。美國專利第5,216,183號揭示經取代之環戊酮類有益於骨質生成活性。
氟化鈉可與本發明之化合物組合使用。氟化鈉一詞表
示全部各種形式之氟化鈉(例如緩慢釋放型氟化鈉、持續釋放型氟化鈉)。持續釋放型氟化鈉係揭示於美國專利第4,904,478號。氟化鈉之活性係由熟諳生物方法人士輕易地測定。
骨質形態形成蛋白可組合本發明之二鹽類使用(例如參考Ono等人,前列腺素E1促進重組人類骨質形態形成蛋白之骨生成活性,Bone 19(6):581-588(1996))。
任一種副甲狀腺激素(PTH)皆可組合本發明之化合物使用。副甲狀腺激素一詞表示可刺激骨質生成及增加骨量之副甲狀腺激素、其片段或其代謝產物及其結構類似物。也包括副甲狀腺激素相關胜肽及副甲狀腺相關胜肽之活性片段及類似物(參考PCT公告案第WO 94/01460號)。此種骨合成代謝功能活性係由熟諳標準檢定分析業界人士輕易地測定。多種此等化合物係說明及參照如後。但其他副甲狀腺激素為熟諳技藝人士已知。例示之副甲狀腺激素係揭示於下述參考文獻。「椎骨骨質疏鬆症之人副甲狀腺胜肽治療」,國際骨質疏鬆症(Osteoporosis Int.),3,(補遺1):199-203。「骨質疏鬆症之PTH 1-34治療以及增加激素補充治療:生化、動力學及組織學反應」國際骨質疏鬆症1:162-170。
任一種生長激素或生長激素分泌促進劑皆可與本發明之化合物組合使用。生長激素分泌促進劑一詞表示一種化合物,其刺激生長激素的釋放,或模仿生長激素的作用(例如增加骨質生成,結果導致骨量增加)。此等作用係由熟諳
技藝人士眾所周知之標準檢定分析輕易地測定。多種此等化合物係揭示於如下公開之PCT專利申請案:WO 95/14666;WO 95/13069;WO 94/19367;WO 94/13696;及WO 95/34311。但其他生長激素或生長激素分泌促進劑為業界人士已知。特別較佳之生長激素分泌促進劑為N-[1(R)-[1,2-二氫-1-甲烷磺醯基螺[3H-吲哚-3,4’-哌啶]-1’-基羰基]-2-(苯基甲氧基)乙基]-2-胺基-2-甲基丙醯胺:MK-667。其他較佳之生長激素分泌促進劑包括2-胺基-N-(2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-酮基-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氫-吡唑并-[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-酮基-乙基)-異丁醯胺或其L-酒石酸鹽;2-胺基-N-(1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-(3a-(R)-(4-氟-苄基)-2-甲基-3-酮基-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氫-吡唑并-[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-2-酮基-乙基)-異丁醯胺;2-胺基-N-(2-(3a-(R)-苄基-3-酮基-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氫-吡唑并-[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-酮基-乙基)-異丁醯胺;及2-胺基-N-(1-(2,4-二氟-苄氧基甲基)-2-酮基-2-(3-酮基-3a-吡啶-2-基甲基-2-(2,2,2-三氟-乙基)-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氫-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-乙基)-2-甲基-丙醯胺。
其他治療劑可為類固醇或非類固醇抗炎劑。有用之非類固醇抗炎劑包括(但非限制性)阿斯匹靈(aspirin)、伊布普芬(ibuprofen)、待可洛芬納(diclofenac)、納普洛森(naproxen)、本諾沙普芬(benoxaprofen)、弗必普芬(flurbiprofen)、芬諾普芬(fenoprofen)、富布芬(flubufen)、奇托普芬(ketoprofen)、引朵普芬(indoprofen)、皮洛普芬
(piroprofen)、卡普芬(carprofen)、歐沙普辛(oxaprozin)、普拉莫普芬(pramoprofen)、慕拉普芬(muroprofen)、采歐沙普芬(trioxaprofen)、沙普芬(suprofen)、亞米諾普芬(aminoprofen)、提亞普芬酸(tiaprofenic acid)、富普芬(fluprofen)、布洛西酸(bucloxic acid)、引朵美沙辛(indomethacin)、沙林達(sulindac)、托美汀(tolmetin)、左美皮拉(zomepirac)、提歐皮納(tiopinac)、奇多美他辛(zidometacin)、亞西美他辛(acemetacin)、芬提亞查克(fentiazac)、克利達納(clidanac)、歐皮納(oxpinac)、美芬納米酸(mefenamic acid)、美可洛芬納米酸(meclofenamic acid)、富芬納米酸(flufenamic acid)、尼富米酸(niflumic acid)、托芬納米酸(tolfenamic acid)、待富利沙(diflurisal)、富芬尼沙(flufenisal)、哌洛西康(piroxicam)、沙多西康(sudoxicam)、伊索西康(isoxicam);水楊酸衍生物包括阿斯匹靈、水楊酸鈉、三水楊酸膽鹼鎂、雙水楊酸酯(salsalate)、待富尼沙(diflunisal)、水楊基水楊酸(salicylsalicylic acid)、薩法沙拉辛(sulfasalazine)及歐沙拉辛(olsalazin);對-胺基酚衍生物包括乙醯胺芬(acetaminophen)及菲那西汀(phenacetin);吲哚及茚乙酸類包括引朵美沙辛、沙林達、及伊托多拉(etodolac);雜芳基乙酸類包括托美汀、待可洛芬納、及奇托洛拉(ketorolac);胺茴酸類[芬納酸(fenamates)]包括美芬納米酸及美可洛芬納米酸;烯醇酸類包括歐西康(oxicams)[哌洛西康、提諾西康(tenoxicam)],及吡唑啶二酮類[芬尼布塔左(phenylbutazone)、歐西芬沙
塔左(oxyphenthartazone)];及烷酮類包括納布美東(nabumetone)及其醫藥上可接受之鹽及其混合物。有關NSAID之進一步詳細說明請參考Paul A.Insel,止痛-解熱劑及抗炎劑以及痛風治療用藥(Analgesic-Antipyretic and Antiinflammatory Agents and Drugs Employed in the Treatment of Gout),Goodman與Gilman’s治療學之藥理基礎(The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics)617-57(Perry B.Molinhoff及Raymond W.Ruddon編輯,第9版,1996年);及Glen R.Hanson,止痛、解熱及抗炎藥,雷明頓:製藥科學與實務(Analgesic,Antipyretic and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy)第II卷1196-1221頁(A.R.Gennaro編輯,第19版,1995年),該二文之全文係併入此處作為參考文獻。
用於關節炎、發炎媒介之骨質流失、及其他具有發炎成分之病症,與本發明之化合物及組成物組合治療所使用之較佳習知治療包括(但非限制性):納普洛森鈉(Anaprox®及Anaprox® DS,羅氏藥廠),富必普芬(Ansaid®;法瑪西亞藥廠),待可洛芬納鈉+米索普提(misoprostil)(Arthrotec®,希爾藥廠),瓦德可西(valdecoxib)(Bextra®;法瑪西亞藥廠),待可洛芬納鉀(Cataflam®及Voltaren®,諾華製藥),希樂可西(celecoxib)(Celebrex®,輝瑞藥廠),沙林達(Clinoril®,默克藥廠),歐沙普辛(Daypro®,法瑪西亞藥廠),雙水楊酸
酯(Disalcid®,3M公司),待富尼沙(Dolobid®,默克藥廠),納普芬鈉(EC Naprosyn®,羅氏藥廠),哌洛西康(復得健(Feldene)®,輝瑞藥廠),引朵美沙辛(Indocin®及Indocin SR®,默克藥廠),伊托多拉(Lodine®及Lodine XL®,惠氏藥廠),美沙西康(meloxicam)(Mobic®,百靈佳英格漢),伊必普芬(Motrin®,法瑪西亞藥廠),納普洛森(Naprelan®,伊蘭(Elan)公司),納普洛森(Naprosyn®,羅氏藥廠),奇托普芬(Orudis®及Oruvail,惠氏藥廠),納布美東(Relafen®,史克藥廠),托美汀鈉(Tolectin®,麥尼爾(McNeil)藥廠),三水楊酸膽鹼鎂(Trilisate®,普杜費德利克(Purdue Fredrick)),及洛菲克西(rofecoxib)(Vioxx®,默克藥廠)。
於任一種情況下,當疼痛屬於目標病症的成分時,另一種治療劑可為止痛劑。有用之止痛劑包括(但非限制性)菲那西汀、布他西汀(butacetin)、乙醯胺芬、尼弗潘(nefopam)、艾西托米多昆諾(acetoamidoquinone)及其混合物。
用於對抗骨質疏鬆症、巴之吉特氏病、及其他骨質劣化相關病症,較佳可組合本發明之化合物及組成物使用之習知藥劑包括(但非限制性)雙膦酸鹽類[例如伊提卓內(etidronate)(Didronel®,寶鹼公司(Procter & Gamble))],帕木卓內(pamidronate)(Aredia®,諾華藥廠),及亞倫卓內(alendronate)(Fosamax®,默克藥廠),提路卓內(tiludronate)(Skelid®,賽諾菲公司),利塞卓內(risedronate)(Actonel®,寶鹼公司/亞凡提斯),抑鈣素
(calcitonin)(Miacalcin®),雌激素(Climara®,Estrace®,Estraderm®,Estratab®,Ogen®,Ortho-Est®,Vivelle®,普力馬林(Premarin®),及其他)、雌激素與黃體激素(ActivellaTM,FemHrt®,Premphase®,Prempro®,及其他)、副甲狀腺激素及其部分例如特利帕拉泰(teriparatide)(Forteo®,禮來(Eli Lilly)藥廠),選擇性雌激素受體調節劑(SERM)[例如拉洛西芬(Evista®)],以及目前正在研究中之治療方法(例如其他副甲狀腺激素、氟化鈉、維生素D代謝產物、及其他雙膦酸鹽類與選擇性雌激素受體調節劑)。
任一種本發明方法皆可包含對需要此種調節、處理或治療之細胞、組織、器官、動物或病人投予有效量之組成物或包含至少一種本發明之二鹽的醫藥組成物。此種方法可選擇性地進一步包含共同投予或組合治療以用於治療與IL-12之生成相關之病症,其中投藥係進一步包含於本發明之化合物之前、同時、及/或之後投予至少另一種活性劑,該活性劑係選自:TNF拮抗劑(例如但非限於TNF抗體或片段、可溶性TNF受體或片段、其融合蛋白、或小分子TNF拮抗劑)、抗風濕劑[例如美沙翠賽特(methotrexate)、奧拉諾芬(auranofin)、硫葡萄糖金(aurothioglucose)、亞查賽普林(azathioprine)、伊塔內賽(etanercept)、硫代蘋果酸金鈉、硫酸羥氯喹(hydroxychloroquine sulfate)、雷路諾麥(leflunomide)、薩法沙拉辛(sulfasalzine)]、肌肉鬆弛劑、麻醉藥品、非類固
醇抗炎藥(NSAID)、止痛劑、麻醉劑、鎮定劑、局部麻醉劑、神經肌肉阻斷劑、抗微生物劑[例如胺基糖苷、抗真菌劑、抗寄生蟲劑、抗病毒劑、卡巴佩念類(carbapenem)、頭孢子菌素、弗昆酮類(fluoroquinolone)、巨環類(macrolide)、青黴素類、磺醯胺藥、四環素類、其他抗微生物劑]、抗乾癬劑、皮質類固醇、合成代謝類固醇、糖尿病相關藥物、礦物質、營養素、甲狀腺製劑、維生素、鈣相關激素、止瀉劑、止咳劑、止吐劑、抗潰瘍劑、瀉劑、抗凝血劑、紅血球生成素[例如伊波汀(epoetin)α]、菲拉斯汀(filgrastim)[例如G-CSF、紐波傑(Neupogen)]、沙拉莫斯汀(sargramostim)[GM-CSF、路凱(Leukine)]、免疫製劑、免疫球蛋白、免疫抑制劑[例如巴西利梅(basiliximab)、環孢靈(cyclosporine)、達利助梅(daclizumab)]、生長激素、荷爾蒙補充藥、雌激素受體調節劑、散瞳劑、睫狀肌麻痺劑、烷化劑、抗代謝劑、有絲分裂抑制劑、放射性藥品、抗鬱劑、抗躁狂劑、抗精神病劑、解焦慮劑、催眠劑、擬交感神經作用藥物、興奮劑、多內佩奇(donepezil)、塔克林(tacrine)、氣喘用藥、β激動劑、吸入性類固醇、白三烯抑制劑、甲基黃嘌呤、可莫靈(cromolyn)、腎上腺素或類似物、多梅斯(domase)α(帕莫采(Pulmozyme))、細胞激素或細胞激素拮抗劑。適當劑量為此技術領域眾所周知。例如參考Wells等人編輯,藥物治療手冊,第2版,Appleton and Lange,康乃狄克州史丹福(2000);PDR藥典,Tarascon口袋藥典2000,精裝版,Tarascon出版社,加州洛馬林達
(2000),各參考文獻全文係併入此處作為參考文獻。
適合用於本發明之組成物、組合治療、共同投藥、裝置、及/或方法之TNF拮抗劑包括(但非限制性)抗TNF抗體[例如瑞米卡(Remicade)(因弗利西梅(Infliximab))或胡米拉(Humira)(亞達利慕梅(adalimumab))],例如或其抗原結合片段、及特異性結合至TNF之受體分子[例如因卜瑞(Enbrel)(伊塔內賽(Etanercept))];預防及/或抑制TNF合成、TNF釋放或TNF作用於目標細胞之化合物,例如沙利竇麥(thalidomide)、天尼達(tenidap)、磷酸二酯酶抑制劑[例如片托法林(pentoxifylline)及洛利潘(rolipram)]、A2b腺苷受體激動劑、及A2b腺苷受體促進劑;防止及/或抑制TNF受體發訊之化合物,例如有絲分裂原活化蛋白質(MAP)激酶抑制劑;阻斷及/或抑制細胞膜TNF裂解之化合物,例如金屬蛋白酶抑制劑;阻斷及/或抑制TNF活性之化合物如血管張力素轉化酶(ACE)抑制劑[例如卡托利(captoril)];以及阻斷及/或抑制TNF製造及/或合成之化合物,例如MAP激酶抑制劑。
進一步說明,「腫瘤壞死因子抗體」、「TNF抗體」或其片段等,於活體外、於原位、及/或較佳於活體內,降低、阻斷、抑制、消除、或干擾TNF活性。例如本發明之適當TNF人類抗體可結合TNF-α,該抗體包括抗TNF抗體、其抗原結合片段、及特異性結合至TNFa之特定突變株或其功能區(domain)。適當TFN抗體或其片段也可降低、阻斷、消除、干擾、防止及/或抑制TNF RNA、DNA或蛋
白質的合成、TNF之釋放、TNF受體之發訊、細胞膜TNF之裂解、TNF活性、TNF製造及/或合成。
前述及其他有用之組合治療為熟諳技藝人士所了解且已知。此種組合治療之潛在優點包括可使用較小量之各個別活性成分以使毒性副作用降至最低、協同增效改良功效、改良投藥或使用之容易程度及/或減少化合物製備或調配的整體費用。
二鹽之生物活性可藉多種基於細胞之(cell-based)檢定分析評估。其中一種檢定分析可使用得自人類周邊血液單核細胞(PBMC)或人類單核細胞株(THP-1)之細胞進行。該等細胞係於試驗化合物存在下,使用人類干擾素-γ(IFN γ)與脂多醣的組合,或使用IFN γ與金黃葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)Cowan I之組合刺激。IL-12產量之抑制程度可使用三明治ELISA檢定分析以抗人類IL-12抗體測定p70含量而測定。然後測定試驗化合物之IC50。具體而言,係將PBMC細胞或THP-1細胞與試驗化合物共同培養。細胞存活能力係以MTS[3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-5-(3-羧基甲氧基苯基)-2-(4-磺苯基)-2H-四唑鎓]之生物還原來評估[普羅米加(Promega)公司,威斯康辛州馬里森]。
二鹽類也可藉動物研究評估。例如其中一項研究涉及試驗化合物治療大鼠之輔劑關節炎(adjuvant arthritis)(亦即與IL-12之生成相關之病症)之能力。
特定病情、疾病、或病症對本發明之二鹽類及組成物
之反應性可直接經由與習知藥物做比較來測定,或可基於對病因及病程的了解來推斷。有多種細胞及骨骼溶蝕檢定分析系統廣為業界接受用來預測活體內功效。因骨骼溶蝕檢定分析法使用包括全部骨細胞作為材料,故骨骼溶蝕檢定分析為活體外檢定分析。如此,此等檢定分析顯示本發明之二鹽可抑制骨骼溶蝕,證明此等化合物於臨床上可用於治療或預防與骨質過度流失相關之病情。多篇科學公開文獻[例如Carano等人,J.Clin.Invest.85:456-461(1990);Blair & Schlesinger,蝕骨細胞之生物學與生理學(The Biology and Physiology of the Osteoclast),CRC出版社,編輯Gay,C.V.及Rifkin,B.R.,259-288頁(1992年);以及Vaananen等人,Cell Biology 111:1305-1311(1990)]證實此等檢定分析可接受用來預測活體內活性。此外,荷比黴素A(Herbimycin A)對骨骼溶蝕的活體外試驗效果,顯示與活體內活性有交互關係(Yoneda等人,J.Clin.Invest.91:2791-95(1993))。
未經進一步闡釋,相信前文說明已經可充分達成本發明。因此以下特定具體實施例僅供舉例說明之用,而絕非限制其餘揭示內容。此處引用之全部參考文獻及公開案全文係併入此處作為參考文獻。
步驟I. 將IL-12之生成抑制劑化合物於絕對乙醇之經
攪拌懸浮液(其用量足夠獲得0.33至0.34 M溶液)加熱至70℃,至全部固體皆溶解為止。於經攪拌且經加熱(當使用氯化氫於醚之溶液時,讓溶液冷卻至室溫)之溶液內添加適當或酸溶液(2當量),該適當酸或酸溶液係分成數份(若為液體或溶液則以逐滴方式,以及若為固體則分成4至5份)添加,加熱(65至70℃)。又攪拌溶液2分鐘,然後讓溶液冷卻至室溫,於二鹽沉澱期間讓溶液於室溫放置2小時,或放置至二鹽之沈澱完成為止。當沉澱緩慢或沉澱困難時,攪拌經常可輔助沉澱。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:乙醚1:2混合物洗滌,然後再以無水乙醚洗滌,即刻(最小化溶劑包藏(solvent occlusion)之可能)於50至60℃(水浴)真空(約2毫米汞柱)乾燥約45分鐘至2小時(乾燥持續至二鹽到達恆重,及/或持續至藉1H NMR未檢測得乙醇為止)。然後二鹽又以乾燥劑真空乾燥2小時,於約2毫米汞柱以載瑞(DRIERITE)或五氧化二磷乾燥。二鹽類通常為無色固體,儲存於遮光瓶內。
步驟II. 將IL-12生成抑制劑化合物於溶劑或混合溶劑系統[絕對乙醇、絕對乙醇與甲苯之(1:1)混合物或絕對乙醇與氯仿之(1:1)混合物]之經攪拌懸浮液加熱至70℃,至全部固體溶解為止。於經攪拌之熱溶液內逐滴加入2當量甲烷磺酸。持續加熱(65至70℃)及攪拌2分鐘,所得溶液於室溫放置沉澱(於使用氯仿之情況下,氯仿係於減壓下去除,以及添加等量甲苯來達成沉澱)。二鹽經過濾出,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)洗滌,然後再以無水醚洗滌,即刻於
50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時來獲得相對應之二甲烷磺酸鹽。然後二鹽又以乾燥劑真空乾燥2小時,係於約2毫米汞柱以載瑞或五氧化二磷乾燥。二鹽類通常為無色固體及儲存於遮光瓶。
步驟III. 或者將IL-12生成抑制劑化合物之乙醇懸浮液以2當量甲烷磺酸處理,並於室溫攪拌至全部固體皆溶解為止。然後如前文說明進行二鹽之生成。
將2之經攪拌懸浮液,0.683克(1.54毫莫耳)於10毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至70℃。將甲烷磺酸0.2毫升(3.08毫莫耳)逐滴添加至經攪拌之熱懸浮液,又持續加熱(65至70℃)及攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液於室溫放置4小時。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)洗滌,然後再以無水醚洗滌。二鹽即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時獲得{[(2)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-},0.91克(93%),呈無色固體;熔點160至165℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 11.61(s,1H),10.99(brs,1H),8.85(d,J=6.0 Hz,1H),8.47(t,J=7.2 Hz,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.18(d,J=6.9 Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.88(t,J=6.6 Hz,1H),7.83(s,1H),7.44(d,J=8.1 Hz,1H),7.23-7.17(m,2H),5.97(s,1H),4.74(m,2H),3.72(m,
4H),3.59(m,4H),3.46(t,J=5.7 Hz,2H),2.36(s,6H)。C26H33N7O8S2+H2O之分析計算值:C,47.77;H,5.40;N,15.00;O,22.03;S,9.81。實測值:C,47.94;H,5.23;N,14.99;O,21.87;S,9.89。
將3之經攪拌懸浮液,0.611克(1.54毫莫耳)於7.5毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至70℃。將甲烷磺酸0.2毫升(3.08毫莫耳)逐滴添加至經攪拌之熱懸浮液,又持續加熱(65至70℃)及攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液於室溫放置4小時。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)洗滌,然後再以無水醚洗滌,接著即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時以獲得{[(3)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-},0.83克(83%),呈淺黃色固體;熔點130至140℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 11.52(s,1H),8.88(d,J=5.1 Hz,1H),8.55(t,J=8.4 Hz,1H),8.21(s,1H),8.18(d,J=7.2 Hz,1H),8.10(d,J=8.1 Hz,1H),7.95(t,J=6.6 Hz,1H),7.81(d,J=2.4 Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=7.2 Hz,1H),7.22-7.16(m,2H),6.41(s,1H),4.72(t,J=6.0 Hz,2H),3.72(m,2H),3.72(m,4H),3.51-3.48(m,7H),3.47(t,J=5.1 Hz,2H),2.36(s,6H)。C27H35N7O8S2+1.25H2O之分析計算值:C,48.31;H,5.48;N,14.61;O,22.05;S,9.55。實測值:C,48.17;H,5.41;N,14.34;O,22.40;S,9.68。
將4之經攪拌懸浮液,0.263克(0.62毫莫耳)於2毫升甲苯,加熱至70℃至全部固體皆溶解為止。將甲烷磺酸0.08毫升(1.24毫莫耳)逐滴添加至經攪拌之熱溶液,又持續加熱(65至70℃)及攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液於室溫放置4小時。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)洗滌,然後再以無水醚洗滌,接著即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時以獲得{[(4)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-},0.36克(94%),呈無色固體;熔點215至219℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 11.18(brs,1H),9.98(brs,1h),8.06(s,1H),7.56-7.54(m,2H),7.29(t,J=7.8 Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=7.5 Hz,1H),6.09(s,1H),4.62(m,2H),3.92(m,8H),3.69(m,4H),3.60(m,4H),3.20(m,2H),2.37(s,6H),2,34(s,3H)。C24H37N6O10S2+H2O之分析計算值:C,45.34;H,6.18;N,13.22;O,25.17;S,10.09。實測值:C,45.49;H,6.00;N,13.25;O,24.90;S,10.36。
將5之經攪拌懸浮液,0.516克(1.23毫莫耳)於2.0毫
升絕對乙醇及2.0毫升甲苯之混合物,加熱至70℃至全部固體皆溶解為止。將甲烷磺酸0.16毫升(2.46毫莫耳)逐滴添加至經攪拌之熱溶液,又持續加熱(65至70℃)及攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液於室溫放置4小時。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)洗滌,然後再以無水醚洗滌,接著即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時以獲得{[(5)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-},0.707克(94%),呈無色固體;熔點143至147℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 11.78(brs,1H),11.18(brs,1H),8.87(d,J=5.7 Hz,1H),8.52(t,J=8.4 Hz,1H),8.10-8.06(m,2H),7.93(t,J=6.3 Hz,1H),7.53(m,2H),7.32(t,J=6.3 Hz,1H),6.09(s,1H),4.62(m,2H),3.92(m,8H),3.69(m,4H),3.60(m,4H),3.20(m,2H),2.37(s,6H),2.34(s,3H)。C24H33N7O8S2+2.25H2O+0.25 MeSO3H之分析計算值:C,43.35;H,5.74;N,14.62;S,10.52。實測值:C,43.32;H,5.55;N,14.51;S,10.31。
將6之經攪拌懸浮液,1.37克(3.08毫莫耳)於20毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至70℃。將甲烷磺酸0.4毫升(6.16毫莫耳)逐滴添加至經攪拌之熱懸浮液,又持續加熱(65至70℃)及攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液於室溫放置4小時。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)洗滌,然後再以無水醚洗滌,接
著即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時以獲得{[(6)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-},1.61克(82%),呈灰白色固體;熔點158至161℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 11.60-11.46(brm,2H),8.87(d,J=3.8 Hz,1H),8.50(m,1H),8.35-8.30(m,2H),8.07(d,J=7.2 Hz,1H),7.92(m,1H),7.81-7.78(m,1H),7.42(d,J=8.1 Hz,1H),7.12(m,1H),7.09(t,J=7.5 Hz,1H),4.86(m,1H),4.68(m,1H),3.74(m,4H),3.66(m,4H),3.47-3.43(m,2H),2.35(s,6H)。C25H31N8O8S2+1.25H2O之分析計算值:C,45.62;H,5.13;N,17.02;O,22.48;S,9.74。實測值:C,45.54;H,5.16;N,16.77;O,22.51;S,10.02。
將7之經攪拌懸浮液,0.332克(0.15毫莫耳)於2毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至70℃。將甲烷磺酸0.02毫升(0.3毫莫耳)逐滴添加至經攪拌之熱懸浮液,又持續加熱(65至70℃)及攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液經冷卻,然後濃縮而留下最小量溶劑。於所得溶液內加入甲苯1毫升,溶劑經溫和蒸餾至開始沉澱,或蒸餾至約留下0.5毫升乙醇為止。混合物於室溫放置4小時。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)洗滌,然後再以無水醚洗滌,接著即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時以獲得{[(7)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-},0.45
克(94%),呈灰白色固體;熔點137至141℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 9.58(brs,1H),8.84(d,J=5.1 Hz,1H),8.47(t,J=7.1 Hz,1H),8.02(d,J=7.8 Hz,1H),7.89(d,J=7.6 Hz,1H),7.41(s,1H),7.37(d,J=8.4 Hz,1H),7.18(t,J=7.8 Hz,1H),6.79(t,J=7.2 Hz,1H),4.70(m,2H),3.99(m,4H),3.73(m,4H),3.45(t,J=5.7 Hz,2H),2.37(s,6H),2.27(s,3H)。
步驟1:將1之經攪拌懸浮液,11.3克(27毫莫耳)於80毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至70℃至全部固體皆溶解為止。將甲烷磺酸3.5毫升(54毫莫耳)逐滴添加至經攪拌之熱溶液內,持續加熱(65至70℃)及持續攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液於室溫放置2小時(馬上開始沉澱,沉澱緩慢,約5分鐘內)。二鹽經過濾,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)(18,36毫升)洗滌,然後再以26毫升無水醚洗滌,接著即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時,接著再以乾燥劑真空乾燥2小時,獲得{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-},16.1克(97.6%),呈無色固體;熔點194至195℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 8.86(d,J=5.4 Hz,1H),8.51(t,J=7.8 Hz,1H),8.05(m,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.92(t,J=6.0 Hz,1H),7.59-7.55(m,2H),7.31(t,J=7.5 Hz,1H),7.21(d,J=7.5 Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),4.71
(m,2H),3.68(m,4H),3.58(m,4H),3.47(t,J=6.9 Hz,2H),2.37(s,3H),2.36(s,3H),2.34(s,3H)。C25H34N6O8S2之分析計算值:C,49.17;H,5.61;N,13.76;O,20.96;S,10.50。實測質:C,49.24;H,5.63;N,13.63;O,20.80;S,10.56。% H2O為0.11%。
步驟II:化合物1,(548.1毫克,1.3毫莫耳)經由於室溫攪拌而溶解於甲苯(6毫升)與絕對乙醇(0.5毫升)之混合物。於經攪拌之溶液內加入甲烷磺酸(0.17毫升,2當量)。加入甲烷磺酸後馬上開始沉澱出鹽。攪拌漿狀物2小時來完成沉澱,過濾出固體,以絕對乙醇洗滌兩次,及真空乾燥來去除溶劑殘餘物。獲得N-(3-甲基-亞苄基)-N’-[6-嗎啉-4-基-2-(2-吡啶-2-基-乙氧基)-嘧啶-4-基]-肼二甲烷磺酸鹽,98%,1H NMR、熔點及元素分析皆與前文列舉相同。
此步驟之放熱比步驟I少。步驟II另外可經由將甲烷磺酸溶解於絕對乙醇再隨後添加至1之甲苯/乙醇溶液而進行。甲醇及1-丁醇可取代步驟II之乙醇。
步驟III. 將化合物1(548.1毫克,1.3毫莫耳)藉加熱至75℃而溶解於絕對乙醇(8毫升)。於經攪拌之溶液內,於該溫度加入含甲烷磺酸(0.17毫升,2當量)之水(0.17毫升至0.2毫升)。添加後停止攪拌,所得澄清溶液緩慢冷卻至室溫(3.5至4小時以內)。鹽沉澱開始於約35℃。反應混合物經放置隔夜而完成沉澱。固體經過濾出,以絕對乙醇洗滌兩次,然後再以乙醚洗一次,及真空乾燥去除溶劑殘餘物。獲得N-(3-甲基-亞苄基)-N’-[6-嗎啉-4-基-2-(2-吡
啶-2-基-乙氧基)-嘧啶-4-基]-肼二甲烷磺酸鹽,85%,1H NMR、熔點及元素分析皆與前文列舉相同。步驟III獲得附聚材料(agglomerated material)。
步驟IV. 將化合物1(548.1毫克,1.3毫莫耳)藉加熱至71℃而溶解於DMF(1毫升)。於經攪拌之熱溶液內加入含甲烷磺酸(0.17毫升,2當量)之水(0.2毫升)。添加完成後停止攪拌與加熱,所得澄清溶液緩慢冷卻至室溫(3.5至4小時以內)。鹽沉澱開始於約43℃。反應混合物經放置隔夜而完成沉澱。固體經過濾出,以絕對乙醇洗滌兩次,然後再以乙醚洗滌一次,及真空乾燥去除溶劑殘餘物。獲得N-(3-甲基-亞苄基)-N’-[6-嗎啉-4-基-2-(2-吡啶-2-基-乙氧基)-嘧啶-4-基]-肼二甲烷磺酸鹽,85%,1H NMR、熔點及元素分析皆與前文列舉相同。
再結晶步驟I. 於50℃將N-(3-甲基-亞苄基)-N’-[6-嗎啉-4-基-2-(2-吡啶-2-基-乙氧基)-嘧啶-4-基]-肼二甲烷磺酸鹽(6克,9.8毫莫耳)於2.8毫升純水攪拌獲得澄清溶液。於溶液內加入絕對乙醇28毫升,讓所得之溶液未經攪拌冷卻至室溫,放置隔夜來完成沉澱。過濾出附聚固體,以乙醇洗滌兩次(10+10毫升),然後再以乙醚(25毫升)洗滌一次,及真空乾燥去除殘餘溶劑。產率78%。
再結晶步驟II. 將N-(3-甲基-亞苄基)-N’-[6-嗎啉-4-基-2-(2-吡啶-2-基-乙氧基)-嘧啶-4-基]-肼二甲烷磺酸鹽(7.4克,12毫莫耳)於70℃藉攪拌溶解於純水(5.4毫升)與1-丁醇(208.5毫升)之混合物。獲得澄清溶液後,停止加熱
及攪拌,將溶液放置隔夜來完全沉澱。過濾出附聚固體,以乙醇洗滌兩次(20+20毫升),然後以乙醚(30毫升)洗滌一次,及真空乾燥來去除殘餘溶劑。產率76%。
步驟I. 將1之經攪拌懸浮液,7.7克(18.4毫莫耳)於65毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至65至70℃直到全部溶解。於經攪拌之溫熱溶液內緩慢通入無水氯化氫氣體。開始生成若干沉澱;然後加快氣體流速,達到澄清溶液。持續通氣至溶液再度轉為灰白色且開始沉澱;所得溶液放置2小時讓沉澱完全。鹽經過濾出,以兩份無水乙醇:醚1:2混合物(12:24毫升)洗滌,然後再以16毫升無水醚洗滌,並即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時,接著以乾燥劑真空乾燥2小時,獲得1二鹽酸鹽,8.3克(88%),無色至灰白色固體,熔點171-173℃(分解)。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 8.85(d,J=5.4 Hz,1H),8.50(td,J=8.1及1.5 Hz,1H),8.09(s,1H),8.04(d,J=7.8 Hz,1H),7.91(t,J=7.2 Hz,1H),7.59-7.55(m,2H),7.31(t,J=7.5 Hz,1H),7.21(d,J=7.8 Hz,1H),6.01(s,1H),4.79(m,2H),3.68(m,4H),3.59(m,6H),2.34(s,3H)。C23H28Cl2N6O2+1 H2O之分析計算值:C,54.23;H,5.94;Cl,13.92;N,16.50。實測值:C,54.08;H,5.93;Cl,13.81;N,16.26。
步驟II. 將1之經攪拌懸浮液,2.51克(6毫莫耳)於30毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至65至70℃直到全部溶解為止。讓經攪拌之溶液冷卻至室溫,逐滴加入氯化氫於醚之2.0 M溶液6.01毫升(12毫莫耳)。持續攪拌2分鐘,所得溶液於室溫放置2小時沉澱。鹽經過濾出,以兩份無水乙醇:醚1:2混合物(1.8:3.6毫升)洗滌,然後再以3毫升無水醚洗滌,即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥(水浴)2小時,接著以乾燥劑真空乾燥2小時,獲得1二鹽酸鹽,2.2克(72%),無色至灰白色固體。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 8.85(d,J=5.4 Hz,1H),8.53(td,J=8.1及1.5 Hz,1H),8.12(s,1H),8.07(d,J=8.4 Hz,1H),7.93(t,J=7.2 Hz,1H),7.60(m,2H),7.31(t,J=7.5 Hz,1H),7.21(d,J=7.8 Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),4.79(m,2H),3.68(m,4H),3.59(m,6H),2.34(s,3H)。
將1之經攪拌懸浮液,1.13克(2.7毫莫耳)於9.3毫升絕對乙醇之混合液,加熱至70℃至全部固體皆溶解為止。於經攪拌之熱溶液內逐滴加入70%硝酸0.49克(5.4毫莫耳)於3.7毫升絕對乙醇之溶液。又持續攪拌2分鐘。所得溶液於室溫放置2小時。過濾出二鹽,以兩份無水乙醇:醚(1:2)(1.8:3.6毫升)洗滌,然後再以2.6毫升無水醚洗滌,
即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時,接著以乾燥劑真空乾燥2小時,獲得{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(NO3 -)]2-},1.41克(97%),呈無色固體;熔點144至145℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 8.86(d,J=5.4 Hz,1H),8.50(td,J=8.1及1.5 Hz,1H),8.08(d,J=8.4 Hz,1H),8.05(s,1H),7.92(t,J=7.2 Hz,1H),7.60-7.56(m,2H),7.31(t,J=7.5 Hz,1H),7.19(d,J=7.8 Hz,1H),6.01(s,1H),4.71(m,2H),3.70(m,4H),3.59(m,4H),3.45(m,2H),2.34(s,3H)。C23H28N8O8之分析計算值:C,50.73;H,5.18;N,20.58;O,23.51。實測值:C,50.78;H,5.08;N,20.35;O,23.79。
化合物1可快速地吸收溶劑;因此由化合物1製備之二鹽類係於單離後即刻真空乾燥。
化合物1二鹽類之1H NMR光譜顯示兩個吡啶質子之信號明顯移位至較低域;母體化合物(parent compound)(1)對應質子自8.53 ppm及7.78 ppm移位至二鹽類質子之8.85ppm及8.40 ppm。
二鹽類係獲得滿意之元素分析。但以二氫鹵化物為例,則發現水含量為約為3%。
表1摘述代表性化合物1至14於此處所述二鹽生成條件下之反應。
測定二鹽{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(Cl-)]2-}可於5毫克/0.1毫
升之濃度溶解於水。此鹽又含有約3%水。
測得二鹽{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(Br-)]2-}具有熔點153至155℃,且可於5毫克/0.1毫升之濃度溶解於水。此鹽又含有約3.1%水。
測得二鹽{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(NO3 -)]2-}具有熔點142至143℃,且於5毫克/0.1毫升之濃度不溶於水,而於5毫克/0.2毫升及5毫克/0.25毫升之濃度部分溶解於水。
測得二鹽{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(HSO4 -)]2-}具有熔點127至130℃,且可於5毫克/0.1毫升之濃度溶解於水。
測得二鹽{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(PhSO3 -)]2-}具有熔點194至195℃,且於5毫克/0.1毫升之濃度不溶於水,而於5毫克/0.2毫升及5毫克/0.25毫升之濃度部分溶解於水。此鹽又含有約0.11%水。
測得二鹽{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(p-TolSO3 -)]2-}具有熔點179至181℃且於5毫克/0.1毫升之濃度不溶於水而於5毫克/0.2毫升之濃度部份溶解於水,以及於5毫克/0.25毫升之濃度藉加熱可容於水。
將1之經攪拌懸浮液,2.51克(6毫莫耳)於7.5毫升絕對乙醇及10毫升甲苯之混合物,加熱至70℃至全部溶解
為止。於經攪拌之熱溶液內逐滴加入甲烷磺酸0.39毫升(6毫莫耳),持續加熱並攪拌1分鐘,所得溶液放置於室溫沉澱(即刻開始沉澱但緩慢)經歷2小時時間。鹽經過濾出,以兩份絕對乙醇(4毫升)洗滌,及於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時,獲得1甲烷磺酸鹽2.9克(94%),無色固體,熔點162至163℃。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ 11.07(brs,1H),8.81(d,J=5.7 Hz,1H),8.39(t,J=7.8 Hz,1H),8.02(s,1H),7.93(d,J=8.1 Hz,1H),7.81(t,J=6.6 Hz,1H),7.54-7.51(m,2H),7.30(t,J=7.8 Hz,1H),7.19(d,J=7.5 Hz,1H),6.04(s,1H),4.65(t,J=6.0 Hz,2H),3.67(m,4H),3.55(m,4H),3.39(m,2H),2.34(s,6H)。C24H30N6O5S+2/3H2O+2/3EtOH之分析計算值:C,54.60;H,6.39;N,15.08;S,5.75。實測值:C,54.86;H,6.14;N,14.78;S,5.99。
將1之經攪拌懸浮液,2.51克(6毫莫耳)於30毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至65至70℃直至全部溶解為止。於經攪拌之熱溶液內逐滴加入甲烷磺酸0.39毫升(6毫莫耳),及持續攪拌1分鐘,所得溶液放置於室溫沉澱(於2分鐘後開始沉澱)經歷45分鐘時間。鹽經過濾出,以絕對乙醇(4毫升)洗滌,然後再以無水醚(4毫升)洗滌,及於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥2小時,獲得1甲烷磺酸鹽3.08克(99%),無色固體,熔點162至163℃。
將1之經攪拌懸浮液,2.51克(6毫莫耳)於30毫升絕對乙醇,加熱至65至70℃直至全部溶解為止。讓經攪拌之溶液冷卻至室溫,逐滴加入2.0 M氯化氫於醚之溶液,3.01毫升(6毫莫耳)。持續攪拌2分鐘,所得溶液放置於室溫沉澱經歷2小時時間。鹽經過濾出,以兩份無水乙醇:醚1:2混合物(1.8:3.6毫升)洗滌,然後再以3毫升無水醚洗滌,即刻於50至60℃(水浴)真空乾燥1小時,獲得1鹽酸鹽2.04克(75%),無色至灰白色固體,熔點176至178℃。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6):11.04(brs,1H),8.77(d,J=5.1 Hz,1H),8.34(t,J=8.1及1.5 Hz,1H),8.02(s,1H),7.88(d,J=8.1 Hz,1H),7.77(t,J=7.2 Hz,1H),7.54-7.51(m,2H),7.30(t,J=7.6 Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=7.2 Hz,1H),6.04(s,1H),4.64(t,J=5.7 Hz,2H),3.67(m,4H),3.54(m,4H),3.42(m,2H),2.34(s,3H)。C23H27ClN6O2+1/4H2O之分析計算值:C,60.12;H,6.03;N,18.29;Cl,7.72。實測值:C,60.39;H,6.05;N,18.03;Cl,7.87。
化合物經稱重,加水至其中,讓混合物之試樣與水之比為約100毫克/毫升。然後將混合物使用旋渦基尼(Rortex-Genie2)振搖機(渦旋)振搖及超音波震盪處理(於約50℃約5至10分鐘)。若獲得澄清溶液,則添加更多化合物至溶液,混合物經渦旋及超音波震盪處理至獲得均質懸
浮液為止。然後使懸浮液於10,000 rpm離心約10分鐘。取出上清液,以50/50(v/v)乙醇/水稀釋,然後藉HPLC分析試樣來測定濃度。
HPLC系統係由HP 1100型號(亞吉倫(Agilent),德拉威州威明頓)所組成,該HP 1100型號裝配有型號1100四元幫浦(quaternary pump)、型號1100自動取樣器、用於檢測320奈米之紫外光的型號1100二極體陣列檢測器。HPLC分析係使用等位(isocratic)移動相進行,該移動相係由含10 mM乙酸銨之乙腈-水所組成。移動相經除氣,以及通過溶劑過濾裝置過濾,以1.0毫升/分鐘之恆定速率泵送。於裝配有前置管柱過濾器(precolumn filter)(艾斯堤拉MS C18,3.9毫米x 20毫米)之艾斯堤拉(XTerra)MS C18分析管柱,4.6毫米內徑x 150毫米,(瓦特氏公司(Waters)公司,美國麻省密德弗)進行分離。管柱維持於30℃。數據資料之取得及儀器之設定係使用HP Chemstation軟體(ver.8.03)控制。表2摘述各種鹽類之溶解度。
二鹽{[(1)(2H+)]2+.[2(CH3SO3 -)]2-}之溶解度出乎意外地比相對應之一鹽{[(1)(1H+)]1+.[1(CH3SO3 -)]1-}之溶解度大10倍以上。具有無機陰離子電荷平衡部分之化合物1之二鹽類之溶解度係高於一鹽{[(1)(1H+)]1+.[1(CH3SO3 -)]1-}之溶解度。具有甲烷磺酸根陰離子電荷平衡部分之化合物2或3之二鹽類之溶解度也高於一鹽{[(1)(1H+)]1+.[1(CH3SO3 -)]1-}之溶解度。此外,二鹽類之外觀著色較少(指示穩定度較高,較不容易分解),顯然曝露於光之敏感度較低(亦即光穩定度較佳)。
已經說明多個本發明之具體實施例。但須瞭解可於未悖離本發明之精神及範圍做出多項修改。因此其他具體實施例也包含於如下申請專利範圍之範圍。
Claims (6)
- 一種以式(I)表示之二鹽:
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二鹽,其中,M-為布朗司德酸之共軛鹼,該布朗司德酸係選自由鹽酸、硝酸、硫酸、氫溴酸、氫碘酸、過氯酸、磷酸、烷基磺酸類、芳基磺酸類、鹵化烷基磺酸類、鹵化乙酸類、苦味酸、草酸、檸檬酸、甲酸、抗壞血酸及苯甲酸所組成之群組。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之二鹽,其中M-為甲磺酸根。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之二鹽,其中M-為溴陰離子。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之二鹽,其中M-為氯陰離子。
- 一種醫藥組成物,包含醫藥上可接受之載劑及申請專利範圍第1項之以式(I)表示之二鹽。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US56215004P | 2004-04-13 | 2004-04-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW200603798A TW200603798A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
TWI380816B true TWI380816B (zh) | 2013-01-01 |
Family
ID=35428838
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW094111612A TWI380816B (zh) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-04-13 | 抑制介白素-12(il-12)生成之二鹽抑制劑 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7745436B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1737845A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4926943B2 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2005244745B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2563895C (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI380816B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2005112938A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050282232A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2005-12-22 | Rongzhen Lu | Compositions and methods for modulating c-Rel-dependent cytokine production |
EP1737845A4 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2010-07-21 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp | DISPLAY HEMMER OF IL-12 PRODUCTION |
US8431110B2 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2013-04-30 | Hmi Medical Innovations, Llc. | Compounds and method of identifying, synthesizing, optimizing and profiling protein modulators |
US20070032493A1 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2007-02-08 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. | Method for treating B cell regulated autoimmune disorders |
MX2007016319A (es) * | 2005-06-16 | 2008-03-10 | Pfizer | Derivados de n-(piridin-2-il)-sulfonamida. |
ES2375929T3 (es) | 2005-07-04 | 2012-03-07 | High Point Pharmaceuticals, Llc | Antagonistas del receptor histamina h3. |
TW200804307A (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2008-01-16 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp | Process for preparing mesylate salts of IL-12 inhibitory compounds |
WO2007100759A2 (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-09-07 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. | Method for treating common variable immunodeficiency |
CL2009001152A1 (es) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-10-16 | Array Biopharma Inc | Compuestos derivados de n-(4-(cicloalquilo nitrogenado-1-il)-1h-pirrolo[2,3-b]piridin-3-il)amida, inhibidores de cinasa; proceso de preparacion; composicion farmaceutica; y su uso para el tratamiento de una enfermedad proliferativa. |
UA100192C2 (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2012-11-26 | УАЙТ ЭлЭлСи | 1-(arylsulfonyl)-4-(piperazin-1-yl)-1h-benzimidazoles as 5-hydroxytryptamine-6 ligands |
AR077465A1 (es) | 2009-07-08 | 2011-08-31 | Leo Pharma As | Derivados de pirrolopirimidina como inhibidores de receptores jak y protein tirosin quinasas y uso farmaceutico de los mismos |
BR112013001217B1 (pt) | 2010-07-20 | 2019-11-19 | Vestaron Corp | composto, composição inseticida contendo o mesmo, e, método para controlar insetos |
EP2661436B1 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2016-04-13 | Leo Pharma A/S | Novel sulfamide piperazine derivatives as protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors and pharmaceutical use thereof |
JP6669499B2 (ja) | 2013-02-15 | 2020-03-18 | カラ ファーマシューティカルズ インコーポレイテッド | 治療用化合物 |
EP2958895B1 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2020-08-19 | Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Therapeutic compounds and uses thereof |
US9688688B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2017-06-27 | Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Crystalline forms of 4-((4-((4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)-6-methoxyquinazolin-7-yl)oxy)-1-(2-oxa-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonan-7-yl)butan-1-one and uses thereof |
US9890173B2 (en) | 2013-11-01 | 2018-02-13 | Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Crystalline forms of therapeutic compounds and uses thereof |
MX355330B (es) | 2013-11-01 | 2018-04-16 | Kala Pharmaceuticals Inc | Formas cristalinas de compuestos terapeuticos y sus usos. |
CA2937655C (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2022-06-28 | Lam Therapeutics, Inc. | Apilimod compositions for cancer treatment |
US20190209576A1 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2019-07-11 | AI Therapeutics, Inc. | Apilimod for use in the treatment of colorectal cancer |
EP3215158B1 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2019-05-08 | AI Therapeutics, Inc. | Apilimod for use in the treatment of renal cancer |
WO2017210545A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-07 | Cadent Therapeutics, Inc. | Potassium channel modulators |
AU2017290593A1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2019-01-03 | Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Quinazoline and indole compounds to treat medical disorders |
MX2019002629A (es) | 2016-09-08 | 2019-10-07 | Kala Pharmaceuticals Inc | Formas cristalinas de compuestos terapéuticos y usos de los mismos. |
US10392399B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2019-08-27 | Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Crystalline forms of therapeutic compounds and uses thereof |
US10253036B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2019-04-09 | Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Crystalline forms of therapeutic compounds and uses thereof |
UA123810C2 (uk) | 2017-01-23 | 2021-06-02 | Цадент Терапеутікс, Інк. | Модулятори калієвих каналів |
MX2020008680A (es) | 2018-02-21 | 2020-09-25 | Ai Therapeutics Inc | Terapia de combinacion con apilimod y agentes glutamatergicos. |
TW202204350A (zh) | 2020-05-06 | 2022-02-01 | 美商雅捷可斯治療公司 | 作為jak2抑制劑之6-雜芳基氧基苯并咪唑及氮雜苯并咪唑 |
CN117529324A (zh) | 2021-06-11 | 2024-02-06 | 奥夫艾治疗公司 | 稳定的阿匹莫德组合物和其用途 |
WO2023086319A1 (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2023-05-19 | Ajax Therapeutics, Inc. | 6-he tero aryloxy benzimidazoles and azabenzimidazoles as jak2 inhibitors |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6384032B1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2002-05-07 | Shionogi Bioresearch Corp. | Inhibitors of IL-12 production |
US6660733B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-12-09 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. | 2,4,6-trisubstituted-pyrimidine compounds |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1670529C3 (de) * | 1966-07-13 | 1974-01-10 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Substituierte s-Triazine |
JPS5283581A (en) * | 1976-01-01 | 1977-07-12 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | 2,4-disubstituted-6-benzalhydrazino-s-triazines and acid addition sal ts thereof |
JPH03275676A (ja) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-12-06 | Kanebo Ltd | キナゾリン誘導体、その製造方法および該化合物を有効成分とする抗潰瘍薬 |
TW394761B (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 2000-06-21 | Hoffmann La Roche | Novel Sulfonylamino Pyrimidines |
JP2000281660A (ja) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-10 | Sumitomo Pharmaceut Co Ltd | キナゾリン誘導体 |
EP1185528A4 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2003-03-26 | Shionogi Biores Corp | INHIBITORS OF IL-12 PRODUCTION |
US6680315B2 (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2004-01-20 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. | Triazine compounds |
JP2002030083A (ja) * | 2000-07-18 | 2002-01-29 | Kirin Brewery Co Ltd | N−(2−クロロ−4−{[6−メトキシ−7−(3−ピリジルメトキシ)−4−キノリル]オキシ}フェニル)−n’−プロピルウレアの二塩酸塩 |
US20020137755A1 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2002-09-26 | Bilodeau Mark T. | Tyrosine kinase inhibitors |
CN100349876C (zh) * | 2001-11-30 | 2007-11-21 | 辛塔医药品有限公司 | 嘧啶化合物 |
EA008835B1 (ru) * | 2002-06-20 | 2007-08-31 | Биовитрум Аб | Замещенные сульфоны и сульфонамиды и фармацевтические композиции на их основе, применимые для лечения ожирения, сахарного диабета ii типа и расстройств центральной нервной системы |
DE60322551D1 (de) * | 2002-09-17 | 2008-09-11 | Hoffmann La Roche | 2,4-substituierte indole und deren verwendung als 5-ht6 modulatoren |
EP1556140A4 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2006-04-19 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp | NEW COMPOUNDS |
WO2005000404A2 (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2005-01-06 | Synta Pharmaceuticals, Corp. | Heterocyclic compounds for preventing and treating disorders associated with excessive bone loss |
AU2004289304A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-26 | Synta Pharmaceuticals, Corp. | Pyridine compounds |
EP1737845A4 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2010-07-21 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp | DISPLAY HEMMER OF IL-12 PRODUCTION |
-
2005
- 2005-04-13 EP EP05778238A patent/EP1737845A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-13 US US11/105,818 patent/US7745436B2/en active Active
- 2005-04-13 JP JP2007508508A patent/JP4926943B2/ja active Active
- 2005-04-13 TW TW094111612A patent/TWI380816B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-13 AU AU2005244745A patent/AU2005244745B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-04-13 WO PCT/US2005/012578 patent/WO2005112938A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-04-13 CA CA2563895A patent/CA2563895C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-05-18 US US12/782,540 patent/US20100227860A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6384032B1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2002-05-07 | Shionogi Bioresearch Corp. | Inhibitors of IL-12 production |
US6660733B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-12-09 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. | 2,4,6-trisubstituted-pyrimidine compounds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100227860A1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
WO2005112938A3 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
CA2563895C (en) | 2012-10-16 |
EP1737845A4 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
AU2005244745A1 (en) | 2005-12-01 |
JP4926943B2 (ja) | 2012-05-09 |
AU2005244745B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
JP2007532667A (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
CA2563895A1 (en) | 2005-12-01 |
WO2005112938A2 (en) | 2005-12-01 |
TW200603798A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
US20050282802A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
US7745436B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 |
EP1737845A2 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI380816B (zh) | 抑制介白素-12(il-12)生成之二鹽抑制劑 | |
US7863270B2 (en) | IL-12 modulatory compounds | |
US7687498B2 (en) | Pyridine compounds | |
US7919487B2 (en) | Heteroaryl compounds | |
US8236795B2 (en) | IL-12 modulatory compounds | |
US8318730B2 (en) | Fused hetrocyclic compounds | |
AU2004251641A1 (en) | Heterocyclic compounds for preventing and treating disorders associated with excessive bone loss | |
US7935698B2 (en) | Heteroaryl-hydrazone compounds |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |