TWI336133B - Ultra-shallow and highly activated source/drain extension formation using phosphorus - Google Patents
Ultra-shallow and highly activated source/drain extension formation using phosphorus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI336133B TWI336133B TW096115850A TW96115850A TWI336133B TW I336133 B TWI336133 B TW I336133B TW 096115850 A TW096115850 A TW 096115850A TW 96115850 A TW96115850 A TW 96115850A TW I336133 B TWI336133 B TW I336133B
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- Prior art keywords
- region
- forming
- doped source
- depth
- semiconductor device
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 carbon ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium(1+) Chemical compound [Cs+] NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N Carbon-14 Chemical compound [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 208000027534 Emotional disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KZNMRPQBBZBTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Au]=O Chemical compound [Au]=O KZNMRPQBBZBTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001922 gold oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical group [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26506—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors
- H01L21/26513—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors of electrically active species
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26506—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26586—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation characterised by the angle between the ion beam and the crystal planes or the main crystal surface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/08—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
- H01L29/0843—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices
- H01L29/0847—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66568—Lateral single gate silicon transistors
- H01L29/66575—Lateral single gate silicon transistors where the source and drain or source and drain extensions are self-aligned to the sides of the gate
- H01L29/6659—Lateral single gate silicon transistors where the source and drain or source and drain extensions are self-aligned to the sides of the gate with both lightly doped source and drain extensions and source and drain self-aligned to the sides of the gate, e.g. lightly doped drain [LDD] MOSFET, double diffused drain [DDD] MOSFET
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7833—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate with lightly doped drain or source extension, e.g. LDD MOSFET's; DDD MOSFET's
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/665—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET using self aligned silicidation, i.e. salicide
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
Description
1336133 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 修正日期:99.9.7 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種半導體元件,更特別關於形成具 有超淺接面之金氧半元件。 【先前技術】 由於電晶體的尺寸持續縮小,為了控制短通道效 應,縮減垂直接面深度以及抑制掺質橫向擴散成為一大 挑戰。越小的金氧半(以下簡稱MOS)元件,其源/汲極延 伸與重掺雜之源/汲極之掺質擴散對其特性的影響越大。 特別是源/汲極延伸區之掺質明顯擴散至通道區時,將會 使源極與汲極之間產生短通道效應及漏電流等問題。為 • 解決上述問題,已採用多種方法控制掺質擴散。 第一種限制p型或η型掺質擴散的方法如第1圖所 示。在第1圖中,閘極6形成於基板2上。η型及/或ρ 型掺質分別佈植至η型MOS (以下簡稱NMOS)元件/及或 ρ型MOS (以下簡稱PMOS)元件之源/汲極區8以及閘極 6。箭頭10為上述之離子佈植。對NMOS元件來說,可 將氮及氟共佈植至源/汲極區8 ;對PMOS元件來說,可 將氮及碳共佈植至源/没極區8。氣、碳、氟具有減缓掺 質擴散的作用。因此,當MOS元件進行佈植後之回火時, 掺質擴散受到控制,使源/汲極區8具有較高濃度及較佳 輪廓控制。 在第2圖中,係於NMOS元件中,控制深源/汲極區 0503-A32593TWF1 /linlin 5 1336133 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 修正日期:99.9.7 16之磷掺雜輪廓的方法。首先形成閘極12於基板20上, 接著離子佈植η型掺質如砷以形成輕掺雜源/汲極區 (lightly doped source/drain,以下簡稱 LDD) 14,再形成 側壁間隔物11。箭頭22係磷離子佈植,用以形成深源/ 没極區16,此區域亦共佈植碳及氟。碳及氟可降低硝:擴 散並提面填的濃度’在改善電晶體驅動電流的同時’不 會造成短通道效應。 高效能元件需要淺及高活化之LDD區。一般來說, 坤的擴散距離短,因此適用於形成LDD區。但砷的活化 程度低,因此由砷形成的LDD片電阻高,因而降低元件 效能如NM0S元件之驅動電流。另一種常見的η型掺質 為磷,其活化程度高但擴散長度長,會影響接面深度且 明顯地擴散至通道區。综上所述,目前製造積體電路的 技術亟需新的方法形成淺及高活化之LDD區。 【發明内容】 本發明提供一種半導體元件,包括半導體基板;閘 極堆疊,位於半導體基板上;η型輕摻雜源/没極區,位 於半導體基板中且鄰接閘極堆疊,其中η型輕掺雜源/汲 極區包括第一 η型掺質;η型重掺雜源/汲極區,位於半 導體基板中且鄰接閘極堆疊,其中η型重掺雜源/汲極區 包括第二η型掺質;預先非晶態佈植區,位於半導體基 板中,其中預先非晶態佈植區包括後佈植區;以及間隙 原子阻擋區,位於半導體基板中,其中間隙原子阻擋區 0503-A32593TWFl/linlin 6 1336133 修正日期:99.9.7 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 之深度大於η型輕掺雜源/汲極區之深度,但小於後佈植 區之深度。 本發明亦提供一種半導體元件的形成方法,包括提 供半導體基板;形成閘極堆疊於半導體基板上;形成預 先非晶態佈植區於半導體基板中,其中預先非晶態佈植 區包括後佈植區;形成間隙原子阻擋區於半導體基板 中;形成輕掺雜源/汲極區於半導體基板中且鄰接閘極堆 疊,其中輕掺雜源/汲極區包括磷,其中間隙原子阻擋區 之深度大於η型輕掺雜源/汲極區之深度,但小於後佈植 區之深度;以及形成重掺雜源/汲極區於半導體基板中且 鄰接閘極堆疊。 由於本發明之間隙原子阻擋區位於後佈植區與輕掺 雜源/汲極區之間,可降低輕掺雜源/汲極區中磷擴散的問 題。此外,因為磷具有高活化率,因此MOS元件具有低 片電阻。 【實施方式】 在高效能NMOS元件中,源/汲極區較佳具有低片電 阻與淺接面。然而這兩個要求往往是互相矛盾的。為了 降低片電阻,必需使用較多的活化掺質,這將使佈植區 之掺質擴散並增加接面深度。在本發明較佳實施例中, 源/汲極延伸(又稱作輕掺雜源/汲極區,簡稱LDD區)之掺 質為磷。在控制磷擴散的情況下,本發明較佳實施例之 LDD區具有高濃度磷。第3-8C圖顯示本發明較佳實施例 0503-A32593TWFl/linlin 7 1336133 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 修正日期:99.9.7 之製程剖視圖,在不同圖中,相同元件係以相同標號標 示。 在第3圖中,閘極堆疊之閘極介電層44形成於基板 40上,且閘極46係形成於閘極介電層44上。基板40較 佳為>5夕基板如絕緣層上石夕(SOI)結構。此外,基板40之材 質亦可為一般基板材料如SiGe、SiGe上之應力石夕、或其 他類似材質。閘極介電層44較佳為氧化物如熱氧化物。 此外,閘極介電層44亦可為氮化物、氮氧化物、碳氧化 物、高介電常數材料、或上述之組合。如本技藝人士所 知,形成閘極堆疊的方法係於基板40上依序形成閘極介 電層與閘極層後,再圖案化以形成閘極4 6與閘極介電層 44 ° 在第4圖中,係離子佈植p型掺質如硼或銦形成暈 狀區(pocket/halo region)48。箭頭50為離子佈植,其角 度較佳小於50度。如本技藝人士所知,可導入一種以上 的掺質於暈狀區48。在較佳實施例中,p型的暈狀區48 位於接下來形成的LDD區之周邊,用以中和擴散之η型 掺質。 在第5圖中,以預先非晶態佈植(pre-amorphized implantation,以下簡稱PAI)如箭頭52形成PAI區54。 PAI區54可降低掺質的穿隧效應,並可活化掺質。在較 佳實施例中,PAI利用鍺離子。在其他實施例中,PAI 利用碳離子。PAI可避免隨後佈植之掺質穿隧過晶格並擴 散超過預定深度。對隨後佈植之碳離子來說,PAI在之後 0503-A32593TWFl/linIin 8 1336133 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 修正曰期:99.9.7 的回火製程會再結晶並占杜曰 从处广,」p 丄6住晶格。PAI區的分佈極限為後 佈植區(end of range,以τ〜 广LaAi_丄 下間稱E0R) 55,為最多鍺離子 停止的區域,因此且有离p _ , . ^ ώ 、百呵間隙濃度。雖然E0R區55在 但可以理解的是酿區實際上為帶狀 m子的高斯分佈峰更深的位置。
条声較佳小於5G度,更佳為兩種互相對向之 角度。鍺離子的佈植能量較佳介於約5 W與約4〇 W 之間’更佳為約20 keV。PAI區之深度為D1。PAI之深 度D1較佳大於隨後形成之源/汲極區與源/汲極延伸區之 接面沐度。PAI區其離子佈植之劑量較佳介於1E14/cm2 與約lE15/cm2之間,較佳為約5E14/cm2。 在第6圖中’接著形成間隙原子阻擋區56,其形成 方式較佳為峡離子佈植。此離子佈植角度較佳小於5〇 度,更佳為兩種互相對向之角度。斜向離子佈植使間隙 原子阻擋區56延伸至閘極46下,因此具有較佳之效果。 在此例中,閘極46下至少部份之通道區不是間隙原子阻 擋區56。間隙原子阻擋區56之離子佈植劑量較佳介於約 5El4/cm2與約5El5/cm2之間,更佳為約1Els/cm2 ;較佳 之離子佈植能量介於約3 keV與約1〇 kev之間,更彳土為 約5 keV。在第6圖中,間隙原子阻擋區56為帶狀二但 可以理解的是碳離子為高斯分佈,有一小部份會更深, 一小部份較淺’甚至淺到基板40的表面。帶狀區只是最 高濃度的區域。在較佳實施例中,離子佈植的能量只有 一種(具有不同能量的離子佈植會使分佈變寬)。在其他 0503-A32593TWFl/Hnlin 9 1336133 修正日期:99.9.7 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 貫施例中’碳離子佈植的能量係較窄的範圍,最高能量 與最低此i之間的差距不超過3 keV。在另一實施例中, 離子的佈植能量為寬範圍,碳離子因此分佈至基板40的 表面。 在第7圖中’接著形成LDD區60,其形成方法為磷 離子佈植。此外’亦可在磷離子佈植時共佈植砷。LdD 區60之鱗離子佈植的劑量較佳介於約lE14/cm2與約 lE16/cm2之間,更佳為約1E15/cm2。由於此形成方法為 常見製程,在此省略之。 在第8A-8C圖中’接著形成侧壁間隔物64與η型重 掺雜源/汲極(以下簡稱N+ S/D)g 66。如本技藝人士所 知,側壁間隔物64之形成方法係坦覆式地沉積介電層 後,移除水平面之介電層,沿著閘極46與閘極介電層44 之側壁保留側.壁間隔物64。 接著以侧壁間隔物64作為遮罩,離子佈植η型掺質 如碟以形成Ν+ S/D區66 ’其深度為D4。此外亦可離子 佈植砷,或磷及砷之組合。此離子佈植之劑量較佳介於 約5E15/cm2與約6E15/cm2之間。第8Α圖係本發明一較 佳實施例’其中間隙原子阻擋區56之深度大於N+ s/D 區66與LDD區60之深度。如此一來,間隙原子阻擋區 56可阻擋EOR區55之間隙擴散至N+ S/D區66與LDD 區60。第8B圖係本發明另一較佳實施例,其中間隙原 子阻擋區56之深度小於N+ S/D區66之深度,但大於 LDD區60之深度。如此一來’間隙原子阻擋區56可阻 0503-A32593TWFl/iinlin 10 1336133 修正日期:99.9.7 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 擋EOR區55之間隙擴散至LDD區60。第8C1係本發 明又一較佳實施例,其中間隙原子阻擋區56之深度D3 貫貝上與N+ S/D區之深度相同。如此一來,間隙原子阻 擋區56不只阻擋EOR區55之間隙擴散至LDD區6〇, 其碳掺雜亦阻止EOR區55之掺質擴散至N+ S/D區66。 隨後活化上述製程之掺質,較佳之活化製程為快速 回火製程(以下間稱RTA)。RTA之溫度較佳介於約9 5 〇 至1100°c之間。在一較佳實施例中,此製程溫度為約 1020 C。此外,此活化製程可為一般習知方法如爐管回 火、雷射回火、快速回火、或其他類似回火製程。 第9圖顯示活化時可能的機制。χ軸為基板4〇表面 以下的/朱度,Υ轴為鱗濃度。在較佳實施例中,Ldd區 的深度為D2’其濃度分佈曲線為70<)間隙原子阻擋區(陰 影區域)的深度為D3,而EOR區(比虛線68之深度還深) 之深度為D1。上述之Dl、D2、及D3請參考第8A_8C 圖。如上所述,EOR區之深度D1大於間隙原子阻擋區之 深度D3 ’且間隙原子阻擋區之深度D3大於LDD區之深 度D2。如此一來,含有碳之間隙原子阻擋區係位於高間 隙濃度區域(虛線68)與磷離子佈植之LDD區(實線70)。 在活化製程中’間隙會朝向磷離子佈植區擴散,但間隙 原子阻擋區之碳會捕捉間隙’使間隙無法擴散至LDD 區。由於間隙無法與磷作用’因此在阻擋間隙的同時亦 明顯地抑制磷擴散。PAI區其間隙之高濃度區的深度較佳 大於源/沒極接面的深度’可減少源/沒極區漏電流至基板 0503-A32593TWFl/linIin 1336133 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 修正日期:99.9.7 的問題。 在第10圖中,於上述結構上形成金屬矽化區80、接 觸孔蝕刻停止層(以下簡稱CESL) 82、層間介電層(以下 簡稱ILD) 84、以及接觸插塞86。金屬矽化區80之形成 方法係先形成一薄金屬層(未圖示)於上述結構,合適之金 屬為銘、鎳、鲜、鉬、銘、或其他合適之金屬。接著進 行回火使沉積之金屬層與其下之矽區域之間形成金屬矽 化區80,最後移除掉未反應之金屬。CESL 82之形成方 法較佳為坦覆式沉積。CESL層具有兩種功能,一者為提 供應力至元件並改善元件之載子移動率;二者保護其下 之區域免於過蝕刻。接著沉積ILD 84於CESL 82的表面 上,並形成接觸插塞86。上述製程為一般常見製程,在 此省略之。 本發明較佳實施例之效果如第11圖所示,橫軸為基 板以下深度,縱軸為磷濃度。回火前之磷濃度曲線為90。 不具有間隙原子阻擋區之第1例,在l〇20°C之RTA後之 磷分佈曲線為92。本發明較佳實施例之第2例,在回火 製程後之磷分佈曲線為94。與磷分佈曲線92相較,磷分 佈區線94之陡崎度(abruptness)較大且擴散較小。此外, 碌分佈曲線94之活化程度較高(見點96)。在第2例中, 元件的片電阻為約374Q/Sqr。與具有砷掺雜之LDD的 習知元件相較,改善了 32%。第2例之接面深度為約17.6 奈米,接面陡^肖度約為2.2 nm/decade。 第12圖係以5E18/cm3之活化程度作為基準,顯示不 0503-A32593TWFl/linlin 12 1336133 修正日期:99.9.7 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 同接面深度之陡峭度。方框顯示65奈米製程中,MOS 元件較佳之接面深度與陡ώ肖度的範圍。簡言之即框内範 圍符合65奈米製程的要求。與以砷作為LDD區之習知 技藝(以星狀標號表示)相較,本發明部份實施例之接面陡 峭度不符規格。然而以砷作為LDD區之習知技藝其片電 阻比本發明之磷源/汲極區之片電阻高,這將會降低元件 效能。 雖然本發明已以數個較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並 非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識 者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍内,當可作任意之更 動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利 範圍所界定者為準。 0503-A32593TWFl/lin]m 13 1336133 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 修正日期:99.9.7 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係習知技藝製造MOS元件的方法,其中氮及 氟用以阻止η型掺質的擴散,氮及碳用以阻止p型掺質 的擴散; 第2圖係習知技藝製造MOS元件的方法,在佈植磷 的區域共佈植碳及敗; 第3〜7、8Α〜8C圖係本發明實施例中,形成NMOS 元件的流程剖面圖; 第9圖係本發明一較佳實施例之機制; 第10圖係本發明一較佳實施例之結構剖面圖; 第11圖係本發明一實施例中,磷濃度對應深度之曲 線圖;以及 第12圖係本發明中,接面陡峭度對應接面深度之曲 線圖。 主要元件符號說明】 2、20、40〜基板, 8〜源/汲極; 11、64〜側壁間隔物; 16〜深源/>及極區, 44〜閘極介電層; 52〜ΡΑΙ佈植; 55〜EOR區; 66〜Ν+ S/D 區; 6、12、46〜閘才查; 10、50〜離子佈植; 14、60〜LDD 區; 22〜磷離子佈植; 4 8 ~軍狀區, 54〜ΡΑΙ區; 56〜間隙原子阻擋區; 6 8〜南間隙濃度區域, 0503-A32593TWFl/linlin 14 1336133 修正日期:99.9.7 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 70〜填離子佈植之LDD區, 80〜金屬矽化區; 82〜CESL ; 84〜ILD ; 86〜接觸插塞; 90、92、94〜磷分佈曲線; D1〜PAI區之深度; D2〜LDD區之深度; D3〜間隙原子阻擋區之深度; D4〜N+ S/D區之深度。 0503-A32593TWFl/linlin 15
Claims (1)
1336133 修正日期:99.9.7 第96115850號專利說明書修正本 十、申請專利範圍: 一種半導體元件,包括: 一半導體基板; 一閘極堆疊’位於該半導體基板上; η型輕換雜源/沒極區,位於該半導體基板中且鄰 接該閘極堆疊,其中該η型輕掺雜源/汲極區包括一第一 η型掺質; 一 η型重掺雜源/汲極區,位於該半導體基板中且鄰 接該閘極堆疊,其中該η型重掺雜源/汲極區包括一第二 η型掺質,· 一預先非晶態佈植區,位於該半導體基板中,其中 該預先非晶態佈植區包括一後佈植區;以及 一間隙原子阻擋區,位於該半導體基板中且位於預 先非晶態佈植區之中,其中該間隙原子阻擋區之深度大 於該η錄掺雜源/汲極區之深度,但小於該後佈植區之 2.如申請專利範圍第〗項所述之半導體元件,並中 該η型輕掺雜源/汲極區之該第一 η型掺質包括磷。八 3·如申請專利範圍第!項所述之半導 該間隙原子阻擋區包括碳。 〃 _ (如中請專利範圍第】項所述之半導體元件,其中 該預先非晶態佈植區包括鍺。 5.如申請專利範圍第 該間隙原子阻擔區的深度 1項所述之半導體元件,其中 介於該η型輕掺雜源/汲極區 〇503-A32593TWFl/linlin 16 .第2咖號專利說明書修正本 修正日期:99.9.7 的深度與該η型重掺雜源/汲極區的深度之間。 ^ 6.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件,其中 °玄2隙原子阻擋區的深度與該η型重掺雜源/汲極區的深 度實質上相等。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件,其中 =隙原子阻擋區的深度大於該η型重掺雜源級極區的 8. 如申請專利範圍第丨項所述之半導體元件,里中 該η型重掺雜源/汲極區之該第“型掺質主要由磷、坤、 或上述之組合所組成。 9. 如申請專利範圍第丨項所述之半導體元件,其中 該η型重掺雜源/汲極區之該第型捧質只包括碟。 如申明專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件,盆中 該閘極料下為—通道區,至少部份之該通道區不是該 間隙原子阻擋區。 U·如申請專利範㈣!項所述之半導體元件,1中 該間隙料阻擋區包括碳,其漢度介於約5Ei4/cm3與約 5E15/cm3 之間。 12.—種半導體元件的形成方法,包括: 提供一半導體基板; 形成一閘極堆疊於該半導體基板上; 形成-預先非晶態佈植區於該半導體基板中,其中 該預先非晶態佈植區包括—後佈植區; 形成-_原伟魅於該半導縣板中以及於預 0503-A32593TWFl/HnJin 17 1336133 第96】15850號專利說明書修正本 修正曰期:99_9.7 先非晶態佈植區之中; 形成一輕掺雜源/汲極區於該半導體基板中且鄰接該 閘極堆疊’其中該輕掺雜源/汲極區包括磷,其中該間隙 原子阻擋區之深度大於該η型輕掺雜源/汲極區之深度, 但小於該後佈植區之深度;以及 形成一重掺雜源/汲極區於該半導體基板中且鄰接該 閘極堆疊。 13.如申請專利範圍第12項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法,其中形成該間隙原子阻擋區之步驟包括碳離子 佈植。 14.如申請專利範圍第13項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法,其中形成該間隙原子阻擋區之步驟包括將碳離 子佈植至該輕掺雜源/汲極區與該重掺雜源/汲極區底部 之間的區域。 、I5.如申請專利範圍第13項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法’其中形成該間隙原子阻擋區之步驟包括將碳離 子佈植至與該重掺雜源/沒極區等深之區域。 16.如申請專利範圍第13項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法’其中形成該間隙原子阻播區之步驟包括將碳離 子佈植至比該重掺雜源/汲極區更深的區域。 、η·如申請專利範圍第16項所述之半導體元件合 成方法其中該碳離子佈植之能量介於約3k ν 10keV 之間。 J Kev 至 &如申請專利範圍帛16項所述之半導體元件的形 0503-A32593TWFl/liniil 1336133 第 9611585G_m嘯4 :99.9.7 成方法,其中該碳離子佈植之劑量介於約5E14/cm2至約 5E15/cm2 之間。 、I9.如申請專利範圍第12項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法其中形成該預先非晶態佈植區之步驟包括鍺離 子佈植。 20.如申清專利範圍帛19項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法,其中該鍺離子佈植之能量介於約5keV至約 40keV之間。 、儿如申請專利範圍第19項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法’其中該鍺離子佈植之劑量介於約1£14/弧 lE15/cm2之間。 22.如申請專利範圍第12項所述之半導體元件的形 成方法’其中形成該重掺雜源/没極區之步驟包括離子佈 植’其掺質主要由n或上述之組合所組成。 0503-A32593TWFl/linlu,
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US20070284615A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
US7741699B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 |
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