TWI326126B - High volt transistor with low threshold and such a high volt transistor comprehensive element - Google Patents

High volt transistor with low threshold and such a high volt transistor comprehensive element Download PDF

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TWI326126B
TWI326126B TW95142001A TW95142001A TWI326126B TW I326126 B TWI326126 B TW I326126B TW 95142001 A TW95142001 A TW 95142001A TW 95142001 A TW95142001 A TW 95142001A TW I326126 B TWI326126 B TW I326126B
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transistor
high voltage
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TW200746419A (en
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Martin Knaipp
Georg Roehrer
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Austriamicrosystems Ag
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    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
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    • H01L29/7833Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate with lightly doped drain or source extension, e.g. LDD MOSFET's; DDD MOSFET's
    • H01L29/7835Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate with lightly doped drain or source extension, e.g. LDD MOSFET's; DDD MOSFET's with asymmetrical source and drain regions, e.g. lateral high-voltage MISFETs with drain offset region, extended drain MISFETs
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1326126 c » 九、發明說明: * 【發明所屬之技術領域】 - 本發明涉及一種高壓電晶體。各種不同的電子裝置例如 電腦’電信終端機和消費性電子設備,這些電子裝置中需 '要各種不同的電子組件,特別是半導體組件,其可支配特 殊的功能。此外,電子裝置通常具有多種功能且各別的功 能通常很複雜。因此,需要多個可用在這些裝置中的半導 體組件’其具有多種功能且較目前所使用的組件複雜很多。 ® 半導體組件的特性主要是由製備該組件的製程來決 定。由於半導體組件通常較複雜,則其製程亦變化較多。 現在’爲了以一般製程來製造不同型式之電子組件,特別 是半導體組件’則需要提高該製程的步驟的數目。然而, 這樣所造成的缺點是:隨著製程中各步驟的數目的增加, 製造成本和錯誤率同樣亦會提高。因此,有利的方式是硏 發該製程中的各步驟,這些步驟可多樣化地使用且因此在 情況需要時亦可同時用在不同組件之製程中。 ® 半導體組件中需要多種具有不同特性(特別是不同的操 作電壓)的電晶體。因此,相對於可允許之最大的閘極電壓 而言具有較低的臨界-電壓(VTH)之電晶體是較佳者。因 ' 此,在以信號線來達成的各種應用中,可獲得一種小的組 - 件値和一種總値較小的電晶體驅動器配置。 具有不同的最大閘極電壓之最佳化電晶體通常需要不 同的閘極-氧化物厚度。然而,隨著閘極-氧化物厚度的增 加,該臨界電壓亦增加。爲了使此臨界電壓下降,可使直 1326126 接位於閘極氧化物下方之通道區中的淨摻雜濃度下降。於 此,在習知的製造方法中進行一種所謂臨界-調整-植入。 因此,可使摻雜物質之淨濃度調整至所期望的値,其中此 淨濃度可隨著臨界-調整-植入而增加或下降。 然而,上述之植入過程需要額外的調整步驟’這會使電 晶體(且特別是高壓電晶體)之製程隨著較高的閘極-氧化物 厚度而變成更昂貴。 【先前技術】 由US 2005/0194648A1中已知一種臨界-電壓較低的半導 體組件,其所具有的不同的電晶體具有不同的閘極-氧化物 厚度。 【發明內容】 本發明的目的是提供一種臨界·電壓較低的高壓電晶 體,其製程不需昂貴之步驟,特別是不需額外的步驟,即 可整合在低壓電晶體及/或其它高壓電晶體之製造方法中。 上述目的藉由具有申請專利範圍第1項特徵的高壓 -NMOS-電晶體來達成。本發明有利的其它形式及包含該高 壓電晶體的電子組件描述在申請專利範圍其它各附屬項 中 〇 本發明提供一種高壓-NMOS-電晶體,其中在通道區的二 側分別存在著源極區和汲極區而成爲η-摻雜區,通道區配 置在閘極-電極下方。此通道區定義成該半導體基板中之一 種深的Ρ-井(well)。此外,設有一種作爲通道停止區用的摻 雜區,藉此可使經由電晶體頭部上之寄生電晶體之漏電流 1326126 受到抑制。 _ 通道停止區形成額外之平坦的p-摻雜區,其在電晶體頭 部上配置在該通道區之通常與電晶體電流方向相偏離之末 端上,因此是配置在該深的P-井(well)之末端上且到達一種 場氧化物區之下方,該場氧化物區限定了該活性區(活性視 窗藉由上述配置,則在原來的通道區中該臨界電壓可大 大地下降而不會在該電晶體頭部上感應多種流經各寄生電 晶體之漏電流。相較於習知之高壓-NMOS-電晶體而言,上 述電晶體之特徵是低的淨摻雜濃度,但此種低的淨摻雜濃 度不是像習知的電晶體一樣由補償現有的電荷載體用的額 外的植入步驟來達成而是藉由通道區中不需一種高的摻雜 來達成。因此,事後即不需藉由一種額外之摻雜劑的植入 來使通道-淨摻雜下降。這樣可使製程簡化且使該電晶體的 製程可與低壓電晶體之製程相匹配,此時同樣可使用深的 p-井(well)和平坦的p-摻雜區。在低壓-NMOS-電晶體中, 例如深的Ρ -井和一種埋置於此深的Ρ -井(well)中而形成較 平坦的井之P-摻雜區形成該低壓電晶體的通道區。因此, 本發明與目前一般所使用的槪念不同,本發明中同時形成 全部電晶體用之主體-摻雜區且因此特別是同時形成通道 區,且藉由上述額外的植入(臨界-調整-植入)來實現不同的 閘極-氧化物厚度,以使電荷載體密度可依據閘極-氧化物 厚度來調整。 高壓電晶體可以對稱方式來形成,此時該電晶體的全部 的組成都對一種鏡面形成鏡面對稱,該鏡面垂直地位於該 1326126 濟/月万曰修(更)正替換買 閘極-電極的中央。在此種情況下.,該深的P-井(well)以對 稱方式配置在源極區和汲極區之間。該平坦的p -摻雜區結 構化成條形而形成且須配置在該深的P-井之內部中,使該 P-摻雜區在電晶體頭部的二側限定著該通道區。 在一種對稱的高壓電晶體中,閘極-電極在通道區中具有 一種漸細區,此閘極-電極在此漸細區的二側的寬度又擴 大。該深的P-井可在該漸細區中切割該閘極-電極。該平坦 的P-摻雜區在該電晶體頭部上的一部份可配置在該閘極電 極之漸細區的下方。 須對平坦的 P-摻雜區選取場氧化物下方之表面淨-摻雜 物質濃度,使矽/場氧化物界面上的(淨-)摻雜物質濃度較埋 置於深的P-井中的平坦的P-摻雜區外部之深的P-井之區域 中者還高。因此,可獲得一種功能良好的通道停止區,其 可使該電晶體頭部上流經該處所形成的寄生元件中的漏電 流受到抑制。在產生平坦的P-摻雜區時一種高的植入能量 可使該平坦的P-摻雜區和深的P-井所需之植入遮罩之相對 校準達到效果,這樣可使平坦的P-摻雜區中只有一部份埋 入至該深的P-井中而使下方的通道停止區之功能受損。 有利的方式是選取上述之相對配置,使二個摻雜區中只 有一部份相重疊,以便在總面積消耗最少時達成一種最大 的通道停止效應。 在NMOS-高壓電晶體中,汲極區可形成一種平坦的n-井’其埋入至一種深的η -井21中。橫向範圍較大之深的n-井由汲極區延伸至該電晶體之閘極的一部份之下方且因此形 1326126 成一種漂移(drift)區’其與該通道.區相鄰接。 在一種對稱的高壓電晶體中’源極區的形成方式類似於 汲極區,使得可能存在的漂移區以對稱方式而配置著。 高壓-NMOS-電晶體所用的摻雜區可與高壓-PMOS-電晶 體和低壓電晶體之製程中所用的摻雜區相同的方式來形 成。以此種方式,則可製成—種電子半導體組件,其包含 至少一個高壓-PMOS-電晶體,至少一個低壓電晶體和至少 —個高壓-NMOS-電晶體,其中該製程可藉由本發明來達 成,使各別的製造步驟可與製造不同電晶體時所形成的不 同元件同時使用。各摻雜區和井所需的特殊植入對不同的 元件而言較佳是可同時用在不同的電晶體中,使不同元件 所需的各步驟可同時一起進行。 例如,可在高壓-PMOS-電晶體中形成由相同的深的p-井所構成的漂移區,其在所設置的高壓-NMOS·電晶體中形 成通道區。此外,在NMOS-型式的低壓電晶體中藉由二個 互相交錯地重疊而形成的植入區來產生該通道區,其中多 個井中之一井對應於該高壓-NMOS-電晶體之通道區之深 的P-井,且第二井對應於該高壓-NMOS-電晶體中該通道停 止區之平坦的P -摻雜區之埋置於通道區中的井。低壓電晶 體中需要摻雜度筒很多的通道區,此乃因閘極氧化物厚度 以及最大可允許的閘極電壓在與高壓電晶體比較之下已下 降。 本發明以下將依據實施例和所屬的圖式來詳述。各圖式 只是示意圖而未依比例來繪製
1326126 【實施方式】 第1圖顯示本發明之高壓- NMOS -電晶體之橫切面 該摻雜區相對於其餘結構之一種可能的範圍。此 中,汲極1 2和源極14之間在閘極-電極1 8下方配 長度L之通道區KN,其例如由摻雜的多晶矽所構成 漂移區由汲極12延伸至通道區KN,此漂移區由一 的η-井所形成,此n-井13埋置於一種深的η-井中 道區ΚΝ具有主體·摻雜區且由深的ρ-井15所形成 來表示此Ρ-井15超越該通道區或該閘極·電極18之 以16來表示一種ρ + -摻雜的主體-終端,其可選擇地 一種平坦的ρ-摻雜區17上方,此摻雜區17埋置於 Ρ-井15中。在一種未示出的不同形式中,在主體· 源極接觸區14之間仍可設置一種場氧化物區。 第一活性區形成在場氧化物區20a和20c之間。 活性視窗中,通道區藉由該閘極-電極18與該主體 體-摻雜區15之重疊來界定。 第二活性區包含在較佳是配置成環形的場氧化物 和2 0b之間,該汲極12配置在第二活性區中。基枝 有一種輕微摻雜的P-摻雜區。 第4圖顯示第一活性區AGs之區域中一種高壓. 電晶體之俯視圖,該第一活性區AGs中配置著該源 通道區由一種深的P-井DP來形成,此深的ρ-井DP 佳是在第一活性區AGs之右端上配置在右半部中。 P-井DP可較該活性區AGs還寬且在上方(請參閱第 且指出 電晶體 置一種 。一種 種平坦 。此通 。以A ,範圍。 配置在 該深的 終端和 在此種 或該主 區 2 0a ί 10具 NMOS-極區。 此處較 此深的 ;4圖) 1326126 的P-井 可與此 t DP中 伸至場 通道區 之重疊 之活性 之俯視 知的高 由二個 一個深 個寬度 種較闻 臨界電 NMOS-磷,以 摻雜度 之受體 和下方(圖中未顯示)重疊於此活性.區AGs上。此深 DP可在源極側(圖中右側)超越該活性區AGs,但亦 活性區AGs相齊平。 通道停止區形成平坦的P-井SP,埋入至深的p-尹 以及經由該活性區AGs之一區域而延伸且一部份延 氧化物區下方爲止,場氧化物區圍繞著該活性區。 KN藉由活性區內部中該深的井DP之閘極電極GE 來界定。圖的左側顯示場氧化物區中敞開的汲極側 區 A G d 〇 第5圖顯示先前技術中習知之高壓-NMOS-電晶體 圖。與本發明的高壓-NMOS-電晶體不同之處是,習 壓-NMOS-電晶體中形成該通道區之主體-摻雜區是 交錯地配置的井所形成:一個平坦的P-井SP配置在 的P-井DP之內部中。此二個井經由活性視窗之整 而延伸至場氧化物下方且幾乎相疊合著。 藉由上述的井配置,則可在基板之表面上獲得一 的摻雜物質-淨濃度,其在較厚的閘極氧化物中可使 壓提高。爲了使臨界電壓下降,則第5圖所示的高壓 電晶體中需要另一種調整植入過程,特別是需植入 使基板表面上的受體之濃度下降》 圖4的本發明中,通道區KN是由深的p-井DP之 來界定,此摻雜度使閘極氧化物下方該基板表面上 濃度下降很多且因此使臨界電壓下降。 第6圖是本發明之對稱之高壓-NMOS-電晶體之俯視圖。 吓326126
I A 此種電晶體以對稱方式構成且具有一種鏡面以作爲對稱元 ' 件,此鏡面在源極和汲極的中央垂直於電晶體的接通路徑 , 而位於閘極-電極GE之中央。閘極·電極GE在中央具有一 種逐漸變細的區域且以此逐漸變細的區域來與場氧化物區 ' 之間敞開的活性區A G相重疊。閘極·電極在源極S和汲極 D之方向中又擴大。 通道區(圖中配置在通道停止區KS之下方)之摻雜區形 成深的P-井DP,其例如以條形的形式來形成以及在中央處 Φ 切割該閘極-電極GE且在圖中平行於y-軸(垂直方向)而對 準。同樣,一種平坦的P-摻雜區沿著此軸而配置著且形成 該通道停止區KS。該平坦的ρ·摻雜區配置在該深的p-井 DP之下方且位於二個電晶體頭部之區域中。所謂電晶體頭 部是指在側面上與通道區相鄰的區域而言。電晶體接通路 徑(請參閱以箭頭所示的電流方向)在源極S和汲極D之間 的通道方向中是與X-軸平行,且在通道區上方或下方(圖中 未顯示)分別存在著一個電晶體頭部。 ® 在上述對稱的高壓- NMOS-電晶體配置中,通道區只藉由 深的P-井DP之摻雜來決定。電晶體頭部區域中作爲通道 停止區KS用的平坦之摻雜區使寄生電晶體斷開,此時 - 該p-摻雜區使寄生電晶體所在處之摻雜度提高且因此使寄 . 生電晶體之臨界電壓上升至此臨界電壓大於最大的閘極電 壓。 本發明之高壓-NMOS-電晶體所用的摻雜區或其製造時 所用的植入亦可有利地用於其它電晶體中,這些電晶體可 -12- 在相同的基板上製作在相同的電子組件中。 第2圖顯示習知之高壓-PMOS -電晶體(具有p -導電型通 道之高壓MOS-電晶體)之橫切面。此電晶體具有一種閘極-電極118,其配置在汲極112和源極114之間,汲極和源極 藉由一種相對應的連接區來表示。在p + -摻雜的汲極-連接 區112下方配置一種平坦的p -井117,其又埋入至一種橫 向中較大且較深之到達基板SUB中之深的p -井115中且延 伸至通道區的界面上,通道區是由平坦之η -井113所形 成。在通道區ΚΡ之右邊緣上藉由一種ρ + ·區來界定該源極-終端114。現在,以較簡單的方式可使用該深的ρ-井115 以產生本發明之高壓-NMOS-電晶體之主體-摻雜區DP,該 深的Ρ-井1 15是高壓-PMOS-電晶體之漂移區。正確而言, 可使用一種平坦的Ρ-井117以產生該高壓-NMOS-電晶體之 通道停止區KS,該平坦之ρ-井1 17是該高壓-PMOS-電晶體 之汲極摻雜區。
在本發明的另一種形式中,上述之已摻雜的井亦可用來 製造低壓電晶體。第3圖顯示一種習知的低壓-NMOS-電晶 體之橫切面,其包含汲極32和源極34,汲極和源極之間 配置一種閘極-電極38,其藉由閘極-氧化物GO或藉由一 種相當之電性絕緣層而與基板相隔開。通道區或主體-摻雜 區是由一種平坦的井SP來形成,此平坦的P-井同時用 來產生高壓NMOS-電晶體之通道停止區。在低壓電晶體 中,該平坦的P-井埋入至一種平坦地延伸至整個電晶體區 域下方之該深的P-井DP中。在基板SUB和該深的P-井DP 1326126 之間仍可設置一種深的η-井DN,該深的p-井DP埋置於此 深的η-井DN中,且此深的η-井DN用來在活性的電晶體 區域和基板之間形成隔離作用。 已令人驚異地顯示出:本發明的高壓-NMOS-電晶體雖然 其主體·摻雜度較低但仍具有一種可忽略的由於寄生電晶 體所造成之漏電流,且本發明的高壓-NMOS-電晶體可以一 種例如1.2V之低的臨界電壓來製成。此高壓- NMOS·電晶體 之主體-摻雜區是互補式高壓-PMOS-電晶體製造時的流程 之組成且可另外用來製造低壓-NMOS-電晶體》 因此,本發明的高壓-NMOS-電晶體可完全以已有的方法 和步驟來製成且雖然臨界電壓已下降但仍不需額外的步 驟。此外,以上述的槪念亦可在不同的電晶體有不同的閘 極-氧化物厚度時達成一種足夠小的臨界電壓而使整個製 程不需昂貴的調整過程。因此’可特別以成本有利的方式 來製成一種電晶體族群或電子組件’其中該電晶體族群除 了本發明的高壓-NMOS-電晶體之外亦包括高壓-PMOS-電 晶體和低壓電晶體,該電子組件具有上述各種不同的電晶 體》 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖 本發明之一種高壓-NMOS-電晶體之橫切面。 第2圖 習知之高壓-PMOS-電晶體之橫切面。 第3圖 習知之低壓-NMOS -電晶體之橫切面。 第4圖 本發明之高壓-NMOS-電晶體之俯視圖。 第5圖 習知之高壓-NMOS-電晶體之俯視圖。 -14- 1326126 第6圖 本發明之對稱之高壓-NMOS-電晶體之俯視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】
10 基板 12,112 汲極 13,113 n-井 14,114 源極 15,115 Ρ-井 16 主體-終端 17 Ρ-摻雜區 117 Ρ -井 18,118 閘極-電極 20a, 20b 場氧化物區 32 汲極 34 源極 38 閘極-電極 DN η -井 DP, SP Ρ-井 KN 通道區 AGs, A G d 活性區 AG 活性區 S 源極 D 汲極 GE 閘極-電極 GO 閘極-氧化物 1326126 SUB 基板 KS 通道停止區
-16-

Claims (1)

1326126 日修(更)正替換頁 第09 5 142001號「具有低臨界値之高學電晶體及其元件j專利案 (20 1 0年1月8日修正) 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種製造具有高電壓NMOS電晶體及高電壓PMOS電晶體的 半導體裝置之方法,其包括: 藉由植入摻雜物來製造一深P井(DP) ’藉此形成一高電 壓PMOS電晶體之漂移區及一高電壓NMOS之通道區;以及 藉由植入摻雜物來製造一額外淺P井(SP)’藉此形成該 高電壓PMOS電晶體之汲極摻雜區的一部分,並藉此在—側 向限制該通道區的區域中形成該高電壓NMOS電晶體之通道 截斷區。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該通道截斷區(KS)係配 置在該深P井(DP)中。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中更包括: 形成一低電壓NMOS電晶體之通道區的一淺P井(SP)之 植入;以及 在該低電壓NMOS電晶體,將該淺P井(SP)埋入在一深 P井(DP)中。 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中更包括: 該低電壓NMOS電晶體之深P井(DP)亦當作該高電壓 NMOS電晶體之通道區,該被埋入之淺P井(SP)與用作該高 電壓NMOS電晶體之通道截斷區(KS)的淺P摻雜區對應。
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