TWI303520B - A method for improving hybrid automatic repeat request performance in an iterative turbo decoder and a wireless transmit/receive unit - Google Patents
A method for improving hybrid automatic repeat request performance in an iterative turbo decoder and a wireless transmit/receive unit Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
- H03M13/2957—Turbo codes and decoding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
- H03M13/2957—Turbo codes and decoding
- H03M13/2975—Judging correct decoding, e.g. iteration stopping criteria
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0047—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation
- H04L1/005—Iterative decoding, including iteration between signal detection and decoding operation
- H04L1/0051—Stopping criteria
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
- H04L1/0066—Parallel concatenated codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
Description
' 1303520 \ 九、發明說明: . 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種資料通信系統。更特別是,本發明係被貫 注於一種資料通信系統中之改良渦輪解碼器。 【先前技術】 渴輪編碼係被用於資料通信系統[如無線通信系統中之高速 _ 下行鏈路封包存取(HSDPA)中之高速下行鏈路共享通道(HS—DSCH)] 作為正向誤差連接(FEC)方案。雕解碼自然會迭代。也就是說, 各渦輪編碼塊係被解碼若干次。通常,渦輪編碼效能之間可協調 平衡,其改善解碼迭化計數量,解碼延遲及計算複雜性。傳統上, 解碼迭化計數量係被固定(如4或8迭代)。然而,某些渦輪編碼塊 僅需少數解碼迭代即可於接近最後解碼迭代且不必進一步迭代之 鈿成功解碼該編碼塊(也就是收斂)。該例中,若渦輪解碼器停止 • 良好塊之重複解碼迭代時,其可在不降級效能下降低解碼延遲及 電源消耗。 為了避免停止規則永不被滿足時所產生之無止盡迴路,解碼 裔係於最代迭化計數之後停止。渦輪解碼之若干停止規則已被提 出於先前技射。細,先前技術停止賴係被貫注於解碼迭代 收斂之例子(如良好渦輪編碼塊)。 【發明内容】 本發明不僅實施良好編碼塊停止規則,亦包含即使於最後解 1303520 •碼迭代也不能正雜碼之不良編碼塊停止規則。因為H-ARQ(混合 -自動重複要求)協定要求不良塊重新傳輸,所以此對如運用該 H-_協定之高速下行鏈路封包存取之資料通信系統有助益。特別 是具有施加10,階之重新傳輸之前要求原始塊錯誤率(膽叙 H-ARQ之高速下行鏈路共享通道’其導致冑速下行鏈路共享通道之 不良渦輪編碼塊經常產生。應注意,雖然本發明貫注於高速下行 鏈路封包存取作為_,但依據本發爾授之其他制渦輪編碼 • 及H-ARQ技術之資料通信系統亦可被使用。 被用於高速τ行鍵簡綠取u_ARQ蚊·送各h_ar_ 理之ACK/NACK(認知)給發送器,其認知產生通常被建立於個別 H-ARQ處理之循環冗餘檢查(⑽檢查結果之基礎上。產生循環冗 餘檢查結林些輯’其冑為職歸。魏·檢查處理延遲 可能使H—AR_降階。作勝峨知產生之替代,停止規則測 試結果可被用來決定被給定Η.處理是否錯誤(隨產生)或正 ® 確(纟(1產生)。 此外’冋速下行鏈路封包存取運用自適應調變及編碼(霞)當 作鏈適應技術。_及編碼格式可依據通道航讀化載無線框 f礎及系統關下被雜。為了更有效以停止規職行渦輪解碼 益’屬輪解碼迭代最大數量可視編碼率及調變類型而被動態選擇 給高速下行鏈路共享通道。 本發明提供減少使用者設備⑽)接收器之解碼延遲及計算複 1303520 雜的亿點。此外,減少解碼延遲可較早獲得節點B處之H—ARQ認 - 知’因而改善高速下行鏈路封包存取效能。 【實施方式】 如付號改t:率(SGR)之依據本發明之渦輪解碼停止規則係被 實靶此規則視良好及不良渦輪編碼塊之(H)及卜迭代間渴輪解 碼為中之組件解碼ϋ所提供之絲資訊符號改變而定。當迭代收 籲斂且接著終止迭代處理時,傳統符號改變率停止規則係藉由檢查 符號改變來決定。此紐改醉停止酬僅被施加於被良好接收 之編碼塊。然而,依據本發明,符號改變率停止規則亦可被施加 於不良編碼塊。因為H-ARQ協定要求包含渦輪編碼塊之不良H-ARq 處理重新傳輸,所以此對運用!1-八1^協定之高速下行鏈路封包存取 系統特別有助益。應注意,雖然本發明貫注於符號改變率為基礎 之停止規則作為案例,但依據本發明傳授之其他停止規則亦可被 φ 使用。例如,其他已知停止規則包含:(a)循環冗餘檢查,其中各 解碼迭代之後,循環冗餘檢查位元係被檢查錯誤,且若無循環冗 餘檢查錯誤,則迭代被終止及(b)交叉(Cross Entropy),其中 各解碼迭代之後’組件解碼器之對數最大可能比率間之交叉係 被計算,且若被估計之交叉小於被給定臨界值時,則迭代被終 止。為了看渦輪解碼器中之迭代解碼表現,係以固定迭化計數k來 執行涡輪編碼模擬’其中k為(設定8)。表1顯示以良好渦輪編碼塊 各迭代處之符號改變數方式之模擬結果典型樣本,而表2顯示以不 1303520 良渦輪編碼塊各迭代處之符號改變數方式之模擬結果典型樣本。 如表1所觀察者,有了良好編碼塊,間之符號改變 數係於农後(8th)迭代之如收斂。此例中,若停止規則被施加,則迭 代平均數可被降低至約4。 (k-1)及k迭代間之#符號改變 塊 K=2 Κ=3 Κ=4 Κ=5 Κ=6 Κ=7 Κ=8 迭代終止 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Κ=3 2 8 3 0 0 0 0 0 Κ=4 3 16 9 0 0 0 0 0 Κ=4 4 4 8 7 3 0 0 0 Κ=6 5 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 Κ=4 6 18 20 11 10 0 0 0 Κ=6 7 19 5 0 0 0 0 0 Κ=4 8 16 9 0 0 0 0 0 Κ=4 9 4 5 3 0 0 0 0 Κ=5 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 Κ=3 表 Q 3/4速率,原始塊錯誤率=ι⑽時,以符號改變數方 式之成功解碼(良好)塊之職擬絲典型樣本。 1303520 表2中,顯示有了不良編碼塊,符號改變數永不收斂。 (k-l)及k迭代間之#符號改變 塊 K=2 Κ=3 Κ=4 Κ=5 Κ=6 Κ=7 Κ=8 迭代終止 1 30 39 29 37 46 49 31 Κ=3 2 24 36 39 39 38 34 28 Κ=3 3 33 27 24 23 24 14 17 Κ=8 4 11 11 12 20 21 37 34 Κ=5 5 9 14 9 8 11 9 16 Κ=3 6 18 10 7 9 17 14 7 Κ=5 7 3 34 39 38 39 23 25 Κ=3 8 16 14 34 36 12 22 35 Κ=4 表2。16QAM,3/4速率,原始塊錯誤率=1〇%時,以符號改變數方 式之失敗解碼(不良)塊之TC模擬結果典型樣本。 本發明中,若迭代收斂或迭代發散,則建議迭代解碼處理終 止否則’解碼終止於迭代最大數之後。 參考第-圖,顯示猶本發明之解财法狀流程圖。 方法10储由從解調變器接收渦輪編碼塊來進行(步驟⑷。用於 解碼迭代之計數器係接著被起始化(i=G)(步驟⑹,然後計數器 1303520 增加(i = i + l)(步驟18)。第i解碼迭代係被執行(步驟20),且決 定此是否為第一迭代(步驟22)。若其為第一迭代,則程序1〇返回 步驟18。若否,則方法1〇決定迭代是否收斂或發散。 若符號改變率被視為停止規則,則迭代收斂及發散被定義如 下。若(k-1>迭代及b迭代(k>l)間之符號改變數為〇,則迭代被 決定為收斂。若(k-1>迭代及卜迭代(k>2)間之符號改變數大於 (k-2>迭代及(k-1>迭代之間者,則迭代被決定為發散。於是步驟 .26中,決定迭代是否收斂。若是,則迭代處理係於ACK產生後被終 止(步驟28),而解碼順序被輸出(步驟36)。若否,則決定迭代是 否發散(步驟30)。若迭代發散,則迭代處理係於NACK產生後被終 止(步驟32),而解碼順序被輸出(步驟36)。若迭代不發散,則決 定迭代最大數(i=Nmax)是否已達到(步驟34)。若是,則迭代處理 被終止,而解碼位元順序被輸出(步驟36)。若否,則該處理返回 步驟18,藉此計數器係被增加(i = i + D,而步驟2〇—36係被重複。 > 應注意,迭代最大數Nmax可被動態選擇為被施加編碼率及調變類 型之函數。例如,編碼率愈南且調變類型之階愈高,則迭代最大 數Nmax愈低。 第二圖為依據本發明之渦輪解碼替代方法7〇之流程圖。此實 轭例70中,停止規則之結果係被用於jj—認知產生。被顯示於第 二圖之方法70之類似步驟係被標示相同於第一圖所示程序1〇之步 驟之數字,因此不被進一步參考第二圖做說明。 1303520 器/反交幟器110,112提供軟值對數最大可能比率(LLR)給其他 SIS0。各迭代之後,停止規則決定單元114係檢查解碼迭代是收斂 或發散,或兩者皆否。若該決定為”收斂”或”發散”,則迭代被終 止,而視收斂或發散之"ACK,,或nNACKn標示係因H-ARQ處理而被產 生。否則,解碼器繼續迭代。 更特別是,渦輪解碼器1〇〇可處理傳輸中各渦輪編碼塊中之軟 值輸入資料102。對渴輪解碼器之輸入1〇2係經由可分離該輸入為 二序列·系統位元順序、配類位元(parity bit)l順序及配類位元 2順序之解多工器104來傳輸。系統位元順序及配類位元1順序係首 先被傳輸至SIS01解碼器1〇6(軟輸入軟輸出解碼器),伴隨優先資 訊被產生自SIS02解碼器108。SIS01解碼器106可產生資訊位元之 對數最大可能比率(也就是外來資訊加上系統資訊)。來自幻3〇1解 碼器106之對數最大可能比率係被渦輪内部交幟器11〇置換並被傳 輸至SIS02解碼器108。伴隨著被交幟之對數最大可能比率,則配 類位元2順序係被饋送進入SIS02解碼器108。SIS02解竭器之外來 資訊輸出,係依據渦輪内部反交幟器112執行渦輪内部交幟器11〇 之反相置換而被反交幟。被置換之外來資訊接著被回饋Sisoi解碼 器106之優先資訊以重複該處理。各迭代後,停止規則決定單元114 係決定迭代是收斂,發散,或既非收斂亦非發散。若該決定為,,收 斂’’或’’發散n,則迭代被終止,解碼位元順序被輸出於116,而對 應H-ARQ認知係針對H-ARQ處理被提供於114a。 12 1303520 本發明提供降低減站叙解礙敎計算複雜的優點。 此外’解竭延遲之降低可提早細训認知,而改善_效能 雖然本發配餅細制,但應了解,本發财受限於此, 只要不背_料請專繼騎界定之本㈣財及精神,均可 做各種改變。 【圖式簡單說明】 • 帛一及二圖係為有助於說明本發明替代技術之流程圖。 第三圖係為顯示用於執行本發明·解碼技術之I置之修改方塊 【主要元件符號說明】 10渦輪解碼方法 14-36步驟 70渦輪解碼替代方法 100渦輪解碼器 、108軟輸入軟輸出解碼器(SIS0模組) 104解多工器 110渦輪内部交幟器 112渦輪内部反交幟器 114停止規則決定單元 13
Claims (1)
1303520 申請專利範圍: [gf: i撕替換頁 能=二器中的混合自動重複要求(h-arq)性 改變’其包括估算迭代之間的-符號 芬/、田U代之間的該符號改變率增加時,該迭代發散; 當決定最新迭代發散時,終止執行更多迭代。 2.如申請專利範圍第丨項所述的方法,更包括: 當決賴最聽餅鱗,魅赫H 知(NACK)。 3·如申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法,更包括: 決定一解碼迭代是否收斂;以及 當決定該最新迭代收斂時,終止執行更多迭代。 4·如申請專利範圍第3項所述的方法,更包括: 當決定該最聽代收斂時,產生指示—良好編碼塊的一認 知(ACK)。 ^ 5·如申請專利範圍第3項所述的方法,更包括: 當一迭代計數到達一預設門檻而未決定發散或收斂時,終 止執行更多迭代。 6·如申請專利範圍第3項所述的方法,其中作出一收斂決定包括 估算迭代之間的該符號改變率。 7·如申請專利範圍第6項所述的方法,其中當迭代之間的該符號 改變率為零時,該迭代會收斂。 8· —種無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU),包括: 14 l3〇352〇 . —解碼器,用以迭代解碼一渦輪編碼塊;^£jj|正替麵j +止規則決定單元,用以經由估算迭代之間的一符號改 來决疋-取新解碼迭代是否發散’其中,當迭代之間的該 t號改變率增鱗’該迭代發散,以及㈣在決定該最新迭代 t散時,終止該迭代解碼。 9·如申請專利範圍第8項所述的WTRU,其中該停止規則決定單 破用以於決定該最新迭代發散時,產生指示一不良編碼塊的 一認知(NACIQ。 • ίο.如申請專利範圍第8項所述的WTRU,其中該停止規則決定單 凡更用以決定-解碼迭代是否收斂,並於決定該最新迭代收斂 時,終止執行更多迭代。 11·如申請專利範圍第10項所述的WTRU,其中該停止規則決定 單元更用以於決定該最新迭代收斂時,產生指示一良好編碼塊 的一認知(ACK)。 12·如申請專利範圍第1〇項所述的WTRU,其中該停止規則決定 • 單元更用以於一迭代計數到達一預設門檻而未決定發散或收斂 時,終止執行更多迭代。 13·如申請專利範圍第1〇項所述的WTRU,其中該停止規則決定 單元經由估算迭代之間的該符號改變率而作出一收斂決定。 14·如申請專利範圍第13項所述的WTRU,其中當迭代之間的該 符號改變率為零時,該迭代會收斂。 15
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TW200511735A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
MXPA04012798A (es) | 2005-02-24 |
KR20050013261A (ko) | 2005-02-03 |
TW200718036A (en) | 2007-05-01 |
CA2490802A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
US20090094503A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
US7831886B2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
US7093180B2 (en) | 2006-08-15 |
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KR20080066091A (ko) | 2008-07-15 |
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