TWI297333B - Use of vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymers for imparting water repellency to construction materials - Google Patents
Use of vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymers for imparting water repellency to construction materials Download PDFInfo
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- TWI297333B TWI297333B TW094117708A TW94117708A TWI297333B TW I297333 B TWI297333 B TW I297333B TW 094117708 A TW094117708 A TW 094117708A TW 94117708 A TW94117708 A TW 94117708A TW I297333 B TWI297333 B TW I297333B
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- ethylene
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- polymer
- fatty acid
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- KRGNPJFAKZHQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethene Chemical group C=C.ClC=C KRGNPJFAKZHQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- -1 fatty acid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=C)OC(C)=O HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- DKQVJMREABFYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical group C=C.C=C DKQVJMREABFYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- HAHVVSOKSMPPDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCC(C)C)C(C(OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCCCCCCC Chemical compound C(CCCCC(C)C)C(C(OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCCCCCCC HAHVVSOKSMPPDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl levulinate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC(C)=O QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001954 decanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGZJSXKSUMAZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5,6-tetraethoxy-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane Chemical compound CC1(C(OC(C(O1)OCC)OCC)(OCC)C)OCC XGZJSXKSUMAZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbutane Chemical group CC(C)C(C)C ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPWLBMUEYCGYCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexanoic acid;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O LPWLBMUEYCGYCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAWJJMYZJQJLPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(S)=C DAWJJMYZJQJLPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUGAOYSWHHGDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 5-hydroxy-2,8,9-trioxa-1-aluminabicyclo[3.3.2]decane-3,7,10-trione Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O ZUGAOYSWHHGDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGZMTEYVJVJULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCC)C(C(OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCCCCCCC Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC)C(C(OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCCCCCCC XGZMTEYVJVJULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWFLWKLKYSRJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C(OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCCCCCCC Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C(OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCCCCCCC BWFLWKLKYSRJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFXBUDUSFLYBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(CCCCCCCCC)(OC)OC Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(CCCCCCCCC)(OC)OC VFXBUDUSFLYBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFDNWFIFXZELQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(C(OCC)(OCC)C)(C)C)CCCCCCC Chemical compound CC(C(C(OCC)(OCC)C)(C)C)CCCCCCC DFDNWFIFXZELQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAQSXCJUSWDHCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(OCCOCC)(OCCOCC)OCCOCC)CCCCCCCC Chemical compound CC(C(OCCOCC)(OCCOCC)OCCOCC)CCCCCCCC QAQSXCJUSWDHCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JEBCKYQAFNDSSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCC(C=CC)C(OCCOCC)(OCCOCC)OCCOCC Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C=CC)C(OCCOCC)(OCCOCC)OCCOCC JEBCKYQAFNDSSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OQGNOJXVICOEHX-KVVVOXFISA-N dodec-9-enoic acid;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OQGNOJXVICOEHX-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLGSIWNFEGRXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WLGSIWNFEGRXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UPUANNBILBRCST-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CCO UPUANNBILBRCST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;styrene Chemical compound C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KYYWBEYKBLQSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KYYWBEYKBLQSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RQFLGKYCYMMRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RQFLGKYCYMMRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004024 organic sulfonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005429 oxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001522 polyglycol ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2682—Halogen containing polymers, e.g. PVC
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0057—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as redispersable powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
1297333 建築界係結合水固黏合劑類(例如:水泥)使用以乙烯不飽和 單體之同元聚合物類或共聚物為主要成分之水中可再分散粉末作 為黏合劑類。舉例言之,在建築界黏著劑類、灰泥類、砂漿類及 油漆類係用以改良機械強度及黏著作用。專利W0-A 95/20627、 WO-A 02/31036及德國專利DE-A 10233933中曾公開:在乾 砂漿内使用疏水化添加劑類(例如:有機基矽化合物類)及脂肪酸 醋類作為可再分散粉末之一種成分。此種情形迴避了潤濕性差及 %加工性能之問題。但,疏水化效果與可再分散粉末内防水劑所佔 比例無關,所以不能任意變更。 歐洲專利EP-A 149〇98及EP-A 224169曾公開:使用氣 乙烯-乙烯共聚物類作為水固組成物類之添加劑以改良其機械強 度’尤其壓縮強度、耐磨性、在拉張下之柔韌強度及在張力下之 黏著強度。
過去存在之一個目標係提供一種呈水性分散體形式或呈水 中可再分散粉末形式、適用於要求具有極高防水性之建築材料中 之聚合物組成物。作為填縫料類,用1%重量比聚合物修飾過、以 乾質量為基準、依照EN :1^808於3小時後之吸水量應為^5毫 升。作為罩面層塗料灰泥類,利用卡斯頓法測定,3〇〇分鐘後之 吸水量係^2毫升。 該氣乙烯-乙烯共聚物以含有5〇%至95%重量比氣乙烯單元 類及5%至3〇%重量比乙稀單元類為佳,尤以爪至9〇%重量比氣 1297333 乙稀單元類及1()%至25%重量比乙稀單元類更佳(總是以該 物之總重量為基準)。 /' 必要時亦可能已共聚合高達20%重量比其他共聚單體類。其 實例係選自由乙稀醋類、(甲基)丙烯酸醋類及乙烯芳烴類所組成 族群中之單體類。適當乙稀醋類係具有!至12個碳原子之賴類 者。合適者係乙酸乙稀醋、乙酸1-甲基乙稀醋、具有9至U個 碳原子、〜分支單叛酸類之乙烯醋類,其實例為:veoVa9R或 、VeoValO (解析公司之商標名稱)。選自丙烯酸醋及甲基丙稀酸醋 族群之適當單艘類係具有1至I5個碳原子、分支或非分支醇類之 醋類。合適之丙烯酸醋及甲基丙稀酸輯類係丙婦酸甲醋、甲基丙 稀酸甲醋、丙烯酸正-丁醋及丙稀酸2_乙基己醋。合適之乙稀芳 烴係苯乙烯。 必要時亦可共聚合0.01%至於重量比之輔助單艘類(以該 雌單體混合物之總重量為基準)。合適者是:乙烯不飽和一羧酸及二 %叛酸,例如:丙_及曱基丙稀酸;〔稀不飽和賴醜及猜類, 例如:丙烯醯胺及丙烯腈;及乙烯不飽和磺酸類及其鹽類,尤以 乙烯磺酸或2-丙烯醯胺基甲基丙燒績酸。其他實例類係預_ 交聯共聚單體類,例如:聚乙烯不飽和共聚單體類,其實例為: 己二酸二乙烯酯、順丁烯二酸二烯丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙基酯 及三聚氰酸三烯丙基酯,或後交聯共聚單體類,其實例為:N-羥 甲基丙烯醯胺(ΝΜΆ),烷基醚類,例如:異丁氧基醚或N-羥甲基 1297333 丙稀醯胺之酯類。其他實例類是:梦-官能共聚單體類,例如:(甲 基)丙烯醯基氧基丙基三(烷氧基)矽烷類。 最合適者係無其他共聚單體單元類之氣乙烯-乙烯共聚物 類。 適當之保護膠體類係:選自由完全及部分水解聚乙烯醇類所 組成族群之水溶性聚合物類;聚乙烯吡咯啶酮類;聚乙烯縮醛類; 呈水溶性形式之多醣類,例如:澱粉類(直鏈澱粉及支鏈澱粉)、 纖維素類及其羧基甲基、甲基、羥乙基及羥丙基衍生物類;蛋白 質類,例如··酪蛋白及酪蛋白鹽、大豆蛋白及明膠;木質磺酸酯 類;合成聚合物類,例如:聚(甲基)丙埽酸、(甲基)丙烯酸酯類 與羧基-官能共聚單體單元類之共聚物類、聚(曱基)丙烯醯胺、聚 乙稀確酸類及其水溶性共聚物類;三聚氰胺-甲搭確酸醋類、萘 甲搭橫酸酯類、苯乙烯-順丁烯二酸共聚物類及乙烯醚_順丁稀二 酸共聚物類。
合適者係水解度為80至100%莫耳比之完全水解或部分水 解之聚乙烯醇類,更合適者係水解度為80至95%莫耳比、贺普勒 黏度(4%濃度水溶液)為1至30毫帕斯卡·秒(尤以3至15毫帕 斯卡·秒更佳)(在2〇°C溫度下實施之贺普勒法,德國工業標準 DIN 53〇15)之部分水解聚乙烯醇類。 另外合適者係··部分或全部水解、疏水化修飾、水解度為8〇 至100%莫耳比、賀普勒黏度(4%濃度溶液)為1至3〇毫帕斯卡· 1297333 移(尤以3至is毫帕斯卡·秒更佳)之聚乙烯醇類。該等之實例 類是·乙酸乙烯醋與疏水性共聚單體類(例如:乙酸異丙稀基醋、 二甲基乙酸乙稀醋、乙基己酸乙烯醋、具有5至9個碳原子、飽 和分支單魏類之乙烯贿、順了稀二酸二絲自旨類及反丁稀 -酸-燒基S旨類(例如:射烯二酸二異丙_及反丁稀二酸二異丙 醋)、氣乙稀、乙馳基喊類(例如:乙嫦丁基醚)及具有2至12 個碳原子之心婦酸(例如:乙稀、丙烯及癸稀)所形成之部分水解 共聚物類。疏水性單元類所佔比例以〇1%至1〇%重量比為佳(以 部分或完全水解聚乙烯醇之總重量為基準)。更合適者係水解度為 95至1〇〇%莫耳比、由乙酸乙烯酯與乙酸異丙烯酯所形成之部分 或全部水解之共聚物類。亦可使用該等聚乙烯醇類之混合物類。 最合適者係:水解度為85至94%莫耳比、賀普勒黏度(4%濃 度水溶液)為3至IS毫帕斯卡•秒(在2〇°c溫度下實施之贺普勒
法、德國標準DIN 53015)之部分水解聚乙烯醇類及水解度為95 至100%莫耳比、由乙酸乙烯酯與乙酸異丙烯基酯所形成之部分或 完全水解共聚物類。該等聚乙烯醇類可藉助於精於此項技術者所 習知之方法製得。 適當之結塊防止劑類c)係碳酸約、碳酸鎂、滑石、石膏、碎 黏土類、高嶺土類,例如:偏高嶺土及粉碎之矽酸鋁類、矽藻土、 膠性矽凝膠以及熱解二氧化矽,其粒徑最好總是10奈米至1〇微 1297333 (也許)可使用之其他添加劑類以疏水化添加劑(d)為佳。該 等添加劑之實例係添加劑類dl),亦即脂肪酸類及在鹼性情況下釋 出脂肪酸或對應脂肪酸陰離子之脂肪酸衍生物類,及/或添加劑類 d2),亦即有機基發化合物類。通常,成分d)之使用量為1%至2〇% 重量比’尤以1%至10%重量比更佳(總是以聚合物組成物之總重量 為基準)。 通常’適用作成分d)者係:脂肪酸類及在鹼性情況下(以酸 度值>8為佳)釋出脂肪酸及/或對應脂肪酸陰離子之脂肪酸衍生 物類。尤以選自由具有8至22個碳原子之脂肪酸類、其金屬皂類、 其醢胺類、及其與具有1至I4個碳原子一元醇類、與二醇' 與多元 醇、與聚丙二醇、與丙三醇、與一_、二_、或三乙醇胺,或與一 醣類所形成之酯類所組成族群之酯類更佳。 適當之脂肪酸類係總是具有8至22個碳原子、分支及非分 支、飽和及不飽和之脂肪酸類。其實例為:月桂酸(正-十二酸)、 ^►肉莖慈酸(正-十四酸)、棕櫚酸(正-十六酸)、硬脂酸(正十八酸) 及油酸(9-十二烯酸)。 適當之金屬皂類係上述脂肪酸類與元素週期表中主族1至3 及過渡族2之金屬類以及與銨化合物類NX4+所形成者,其中X係相 同或不同且代表Η、C;l至C8烷基及(^至心羥烷基。尤其更佳者係含 有鋰、鈉、鉀、鎂、鈣、鋁及辞及含有銨化合物者。 適當之脂肪酸醯胺類係與一-或二乙醇胺及與上述C8至Cu 10 ⑤! 1297333 脂肪酸類所製得者。 適於作成分dl)之脂肪酸酯類是:前述0;8至(::22脂肪酸類之烷 基酯類及烷芳基酯類,其中以曱酯、乙酯、丙酯、丁酯及乙基己 酯以及苯甲基酯為佳。 另外適當脂肪酸酯類是:(:8至(:22脂肪酸之---二-及多二 醇酯類。 其他適當之脂肪酸酯類是:多二醇類及/或具有高達2〇個環 氧烧單元之多伸烷二醇類之一酯類及二酯類,例如:聚乙二醇及 聚丙二醇。 亦適當者是:甘油與前述〇:8至(:22脂肪酸類之一-、二-及三- 脂肪酸輯類以及一-、二-及三乙醇胺與前述〇;8至〇!22脂肪酸類之一 -、二-及三-脂肪酸酯類。亦適當者係山梨糖醇及甘露糖醇之脂肪 酸酯類。
特別合適者係月桂酸及油酸之心至^^烷基酯及烷芳基酯、月 桂酸及油酸之一_及二_醇酯類,及甘油與月桂酸及油酸之---二 -及三_脂肪酸酯類。 適當成分類d2)係矽酸酯類Si (OR,)4,矽烷類,例如:四有 機基發烧類SiR4及有機基有機基氧基珍烷類SiRn (0R,)4-n,其中 至3,最好具有化學通式R3Si(siR2)nSiR3之聚矽烷類,其中 n=0至5〇〇,有機基矽醇類siRn(〇H)4_n,由具有化學通式
RcHdSi(ORqe(OH)f〇(4+d+f)/2單元組成之二、低聚-及高聚 11 1297333 梦氧烧類,其中c=0至3,d=0至1,e=0至3,f=0至3,且每個單 元c+d+e+f之和不超過3.5,R總是相同或不同且代表:且具有工 至22個碳原子之分支或非分支烷基類、具有3至10個碳原子之環 烷基類、具有2至4個碳原子之烯類、具有6至18個碳原子、芳烴 基類、芳烷基類及烷芳基類,Rf代表總是具有1至4個碳原子、相 同或不同之烧基類及烧氧基婦基類’尤以甲基及乙基更佳,R基及 R/基亦可能由鹵素類(例如:氣)或由醚、硫醚、醋、醯胺、腈、 4羥基、胺、羥基、磺酸、羧酐及羰基類取代,且在聚矽烷類之案 例中,R亦可能具有定義OR#。亦適當者係碳矽烷類、聚碳矽烷類、 碳矽氧烷類、聚碳矽氧烷類及聚伸矽烷基矽氧烷類。
合適之成分類d2)是:四甲氧基矽烧、四乙氧基矽烧、甲基 三丙氧基發烷、甲基三(乙氧基乙氧基)矽烷、乙烯三(甲氧基乙氧 基)矽烷、(甲基)丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、(甲基)丙烯醯 氧基丙基三氧基矽烷、γ-氣丙基三乙氧基發烷、P-腈基乙基三乙 氧基發烷、Y-氫硫基丙基三曱氧基矽烷、γ-氫硫基丙基三乙氧基 發烧、苯基二乙氧基發烧、異辛基三乙氧基發烧、正-辛基三乙氧 基矽烧、十六基三乙氧基矽烧、二丙基二乙氧基發烧、甲基笨基 二乙氧基發烷、二苯基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基乙烯基三(乙氧基乙氧 基)矽烷、四甲基二乙氧基矽烷、三甲基三甲氧基二矽烷、三甲基 三乙氧基二矽烷、二甲基四甲氧基二矽烷、二甲基四乙氧基二矽 烷、用三甲基矽氧基加以終端封堵之甲基氫聚矽氧烷類、用三甲 12 1297333 由二甲基錢缺甲基切氧燒單元類 基發氧基加以終端封堵、 所組成之共聚物類、二甲基聚矽氧烷類、以及終端單元内具有 Sl-OH基類之二甲基聚發氧烧類。最合適者係有機基氧基發燒類
SiRn(〇R’)4_n,其中n=l至3,尤其異辛基三乙氧基矽烷、正辛 基三乙氧基矽烷及十六基三乙氧基矽烷。
該聚合物組成物係於一水性介質内,以傳統方式、藉助於自 由基引發乳液聚合作用製造者,隨後將所製水性聚合物分散體嘴 乾。舉例言之,歐洲專利EP-A 149〇98曾述及一種適當之方法。 該乳液聚合作用係在有保護膠體及/或乳化劑存在之情况下實 施。實施安定化作用最好僅使用保護膠體。 如此所製水性聚合物分散體類之固體含量通常為25%至7〇% 重量比,尤以45%至65%重量比更佳。 舉例言之,藉助於喷乾作用,將水性分散體烘乾可製得水中 可再为散之聚合物粉末類。通常喷乾作用係在添加其他保護膠體 作為喷灑助劑之後實施。結塊防止劑c)最好在粉末仍懸浮在烘乾 氣體中時添加。若該粉末包括其他添加劑類d),該等添加劑類d) 係在喷乾之前、期間或之後添加。若係可再分散之粉末類,聚合 物分散體内添加添加劑類d)以在其喷乾之前實施為佳。 以氣乙稀-乙稀共聚物類為主要成分之聚合物類適於賦予防 水性給水固建築材料類。此種情形特別適於需要極高度防水性之 應用場合。 13 1297333 以%重量比之量係以聚合物粉末組成物之總重量為基準且加起來 總是100%重量比。 【實施方式】 茲利用下列諸實施例將本發明作進一步說明。 分散體: 所用分散體係一由氣乙烯及乙烯之共聚物所形成之水性、聚 乙烯醇-安定化分散體。該分散體係用乳液聚合法製得,並用水解 度為88%莫耳比及贺普勒黏度為4毫帕斯卡·秒、10%重量比之聚 乙烯醇加以安定化。該共聚物組成物係80%重量比氣乙烯及20%重 量比乙稀。 作為另一成分,該分散體含有0%(分散體1)、5% (分散體2) 或10% (分散體3)重量比之十二酸甲酯(十二酸之甲基酯; DME)(以乾重量為基準)。 粉末類:
將前述分散體類喷乾以製得諸粉末(總是在有10%重量比、 水解度為88%莫耳比及贺普勒黏度為13毫帕斯卡·秒之聚乙烯醇 存在之情況下)。在表1内所示之實施例中,於喷乾步驟内包含異 辛基三乙氧基矽烷(I〇TS)及(也許)十二酸曱酯(DME)。該分散體 係用二流體喷嘴喷灑。所用喷灑成分係預行壓縮為4巴壓力之空 氣’所形成之小滴係在125°C溫度下,以同向流動之方式,用經 加熱之空氣加以烘乾。將如此製得之乾粉末混以10%重量比之標 準商購結塊防止劑(碳酸鎂鈣及矽酸氫鎂之混合物)。 1297333 纖維素醚 可再分散粉末 總計 2.5份重量比 10.0份重量比 1012·5份重量比 所需水量 38.0份重量比
用卡斯頓法測定吸水量: 在此試驗中試樣之吸水量(WA)係於界定時段(以分鐘計)之 後測得(以毫升為單位)。此試驗係依照德國工業標準DIN ΕΝ 13:23所述,利用一適當黏合劑將一卡斯頓玻璃管黏合在試驗底材 上。俟水管業經填充後,該底質吸收水分之量係於界定之諸時段 測定之。吸收之量愈大,所賦予該試樣之防水性愈差。在受張力 之情況下測試黏著強度。
為測定底質之黏著性,用一模板(直徑50公厘,厚度10公厘) 將該砂漿塗敷在一水泥厚片上。俟該砂漿業已硬化之後(27天之 後),利用環氧樹脂黏著劑將金屬張力錨黏著在待測試之砂漿層 上,以實施張力黏著試驗。 張力黏著值類之測試總是在溫度23°C及大氣濕度50%試樣 儲存I4天之後,利用一亥瑞昂公司出品之張力裝置、負荷增加率 為25〇牛頓/秒之情況下實施。以牛頓/平方公厘為單位之量測值 係五次量測之平均值。 18 1297333 表2 : 實施例 吸水量 10分鐘 吸水量 30分鐘 吸水量 60分鐘 吸水量 120分鐘 吸水量 180分鐘 吸水量 240分鐘 吸水量 300分鐘 拉力黏著值 牛頓/平方公厘 1 0.1 0.25 0.5 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.45 0.65 2 0.15 0.3 0.55 0.75 0.95 1.25 1.55 0.74 3 0.1 0.2 0.45 0.6 0.85 1.05 1.35 0.78 4 0.1 0.25 0.45 0.65 0.9 1.15 1-45 1 0.85 5 0.1 0.2 0.35 0.6 0.8 1.05 1.15 0.8 6 0.10 0.2 0.4 0.65 0.85 1.05 1.25 0.97 7 0.15 0.3 0.60 0.80 1.0 1.35 1.85 0.78 8 0.1 0.3 0.55 0.85 1.1 1.45 1.90 0.75 ~ 0.2 0.45 0.65 1.05 1.25 1.65 2.05 0.73
填縫料配製品之測試 配製品2(填缝料): 波特蘭水泥CEM工42.5 340.0份重量比 砂 纖維素醚 可再分散粉末 總計 所需水量
649·5份重量比 0.5份重量比 10.0份重量比 1000.0份重量比 22.0份重量比 依照德國工業標準DIN ΕΝ 12808測定填缝料類之吸水量 測定一尺寸為8X4X4公分、側面業經水密密封、測試前業於 標準情況下儲存28天之砂漿棱柱體於諸界定時段所吸收之水量 (公克)。 數值愈高,賦予試樣之防水性愈差。 19 % 1297333 加工諸性能係由實施加工者以定性基準測定者。 在張力情況下柔韌強度(BF)之測試: 為測試在張力情況下之柔韌強度,在一依照德國工業標準 DIN 18555之方法中,尺寸為ι6χ4χ4公分之稜柱體類係利用不同 之砂漿類製成,且在測試前,在標準情況下儲存28天。 壓縮強度(DF)之測試: 為測試愿縮強度,在一依照德國工業標準DIN I8555之方法 中,尺寸為16χ4χ4公分之棱柱體類係利用不同之秒漿類製成,且 在測試前,在標準情況下儲存28天。 耐磨性(AF)之測試: 耐磨性係依照EN 12808或EN ISO 10545-6測定。在界定 之壓力下並塗以耐磨劑之情況下,一轉動鋼碟作用在該試樣上。 在鋼碟轉動5〇轉之後,記載試樣之磨損情形(以立方公厘為單 位)。數值愈高,財磨性愈差。 表 3 : 實施例 加工 吸水量 (30分鐘) (毫升) 吸水量 (360分鐘) (毫升) 柔韌強度 [牛頓/ 平方公厘] 壓縮強度 [牛頓/ 平方公厘] 硬度 耐磨性 (立方公厘) 1 優良 1.41 2.92 2.75 8.39 優良 1365 2 優良 0.45 1.33 2.67 7.95 優良 1280 3 優良 1.45 2.7 2.47 9.34 優良 1260 4 優良 0.38 1.28 2.61 7.78 優良 1195 5 優良 1.24 2.81 2.96 10.39 優良 1380 __ 6 優良 0.31 1-12 2.46 7.52 優良 1232 __ 7 優良 1.50 3.1 2.53 7.45 優良 1215 8 優良 0.91 3.3 2.24 6.84 優良 1556 _ VI 優良 1.35 3.6 2.35 7.25 優良 1450 K97333 諸結果之討論: 該數據明確顯示:本發明之罩面層塗料類及填缝材料類之吸 水量值極低而諸機械值則至少相當或甚至改良
21
Claims (1)
- 第等專利Φ請案®替換本T9r年了!月) Λ) I丰^捕 1· 一種呈水性分散體形式或呈水中可再分散粉末形式之聚合物 • 組成物之用途,用以賦予建築材料防水性能,該聚合物組成物包括: • a) 一種氣乙烯-乙烯共聚物,包含至多95重量%之氣乙烯單元 及5重量%至30重量%之乙稀單元; b) 5重量%至30重量%之一或多種保護膠體; • c) 5重量%至3〇重量%之一或多種呈粉末形式之結塊防止劑; 以及 必要時其他添加劑; 該重量%係以聚合物粉末組成物之總重量計,且總合均為100重 量%。 2. 如請求項1所述之用途,其中該一或多種保護膠體b)係選自 由水解度為85莫耳%至94莫耳%、賀普勒黏度(4%濃度水溶液) φ 為3至IS毫帕斯卡·秒(在2〇°C溫度下實施之賀普勒法、德國工 業標準DIN 53〇15)之部份水解聚乙烯醇及水解度為95莫耳% 至1〇〇莫耳%、由乙酸乙烯酯與乙酸異丙烯基酯所形成之部分或 完全水解共聚物所組成之族群。 3. 如請求項1或2所述之用途,其中該聚合物組成物包含一或 • 多種其他添加劑,該其他添加劑係選自由dl)脂肪酸及在鹼性情況 下釋出脂肪酸或對應脂肪酸陰離子之脂肪酸衍生物及d2)有機發 化合物所組成之族群。 22 1297333 4·如請求項3所述之用途,其中成分虹)包含一或多種選自以 下族群之脂肪酸化合物:具有8至22個子之脂紐、其金屬 息、其醯胺、及雜’其中該醋係該脂肪酸與具有χ至14個碳原 子之-辦、與乙二醇、與紅二醇、與料絲二醇、與丙三醇、 與單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、或三乙醇胺、或與單_所形成之醋類。 5 ·如請求項3所述之用途’其中成分d2)包含一或多種選自以 下族群之發化合物··矽酸酯、矽烷、聚矽烷、有機矽醇及二矽氧烷、 低聚矽氧烷及聚矽氧烷。 6·如請求項1或2所述之用途,其係用於單層塗料。 7 ·如請求項6所述之用途,其中該單層塗料係罩面層塗料或夢 歐古石(monocouhe)塗料。 8· 如請求項1或2所述之用途,係用於填缝料。 9.如請求項6所述之用途,係用於乾紗漿配製品,該配製品包 括:5重量%至50重量%之破質黏合劑、5重量%至8〇重量%之 填料、0 · 1重量%至重量%之聚合物、及〇重量%至3〇重量 %之其他添加劑,該重量%係以配製品之總重量計,且總合均為 100重量%。 10·如請求項8所述之用途,係用於乾砂漿配製品,該等配製品 包括:5重量%至50重量%之確質黏合劑、5重量%至80重量% 之填料、0.1重量%至10重量%之聚合物、及0重量%至3〇重 量%之其他添加劑,該重量%係以配製品之總重量計,且總合均為 1〇〇重量%。 23 1297333 11.如請求項1或2所述之用途,其中該聚合物組成物係作為一 水中可再分散之粉末。24
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DE102012209210A1 (de) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-05 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Vinylacetat-Copolymere für hydraulisch abbindende Baustoffmassen |
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