TWI236643B - Article with retroreflective and radio frequency-responsive features - Google Patents

Article with retroreflective and radio frequency-responsive features Download PDF

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TWI236643B
TWI236643B TW091123088A TW91123088A TWI236643B TW I236643 B TWI236643 B TW I236643B TW 091123088 A TW091123088 A TW 091123088A TW 91123088 A TW91123088 A TW 91123088A TW I236643 B TWI236643 B TW I236643B
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radio frequency
patent application
frequency response
scope
antenna
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TW091123088A
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Thomas Finley Look
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07758Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
    • G06K19/0776Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag the adhering arrangement being a layer of adhesive, so that the record carrier can function as a sticker
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/08Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
    • G06K19/10Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards
    • G06K19/16Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards the marking being a hologram or diffraction grating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)

Description

1236643 ⑴ 玫、發明說明 :+發明賴之技術_、先«術、喊、《«賴式簡單說明) 仏關於同日τ具有反光特徵及可對無線電頻率產生 反應才寸徵之物件。古羊士 生 确人用以祚p α 务明係關於一種安全標籤, ^產^ “戶標籤,其具有反光特徵及可對無線電頻 率,生反應特徵’而適合作為防偽及取得資訊之用途, 的11牌用以辨識車輛及對應之車輛擁有人之常 見的物件。車柄牌照係傳達有限的資訊 ::所登記之州、省或郡,以及擁有人是否具有-現= 牌=如牌照通常係由反光性板片所構成,其具有安全特徵 方向性影像,諸如在牌照板上之EnsureTM影像, j由明尼蘇達州聖保羅市之明尼蘇達礦業及製造公司所 ’且以商品標號37观在市面上販售。此—特徵係難以 -、二且可以立即以肉眼來確認最終牌照的真實性。 夂然線電頻率辨識技術,有時亦稱之為RFID技術,係且有 口種不同的商業用途’且通常係用以作為目標辨識及一定 :離之追縱。—種無線電頻率反應元件係可包括辨識目標 的的電子資訊。 次目刚已有需要由牌照或RFID技術來提供更多的安全性及 貝^ =有需要提供額外的防弊或防偽保護。舉例來說, 有2要提供一種安全車輛辨識系統,其可以傳達適當數量 的貝Λ,且任何人無法對此一系統來另作手腳,而只能使 用在指定的車輛上。 發明摘i (2) 1236643 本發明係包括一 中提供目視及電+广统’其可以在—種容易辨識的系統 合式標籤,訊。舉例來說’本發明係關於一種組 式標藏係包括Γ'2於作為一車輛辨識窗戶貼紙。該組合 電頻率反應元/V先學表面之反光性物件以及-無線 -積體電路。該二!線電頻率反應元件係包括-天線及 輸特性,以使一頻率反應μ係具有資訊儲存及傳 …。該無線電頻率反應元件係可活= 光性物件。在一告7丨山 」成勁式地結合至该反 光學表面以ρ汽歹1中,標鐵係包括一黏膠,其係塗覆在 鐵心Τ線電頻率反應元件上。該黏膠係用以將標 滅黏貼在一車輛 —η丄 度黏ρ,#右 。在一貫例中,該黏膠係一種高強 二^二人想要將該標籤由窗戶上撕離時,該黏膠將 :中:電頻率反應元件。儲存在無線電頻率反應元 係:以與在反光性物件上之目視資訊相符合, m數夏的資訊,以及增加額外的安全性。 圖1係一組合式標籤之方塊圖。 回,/及2Bir、頋不圖1之標籤之兩個實例的示意側視圖。 —員不使用在圖i之標籤中之無線電頻率反應元件的 示意平面視圖。 /回仏人圖3之恶線電頻率反應元件相互作用之rfID詢問 系統的方塊圖。 圖5 ί7、圖1之’示籤之一實例的截面示意側視圖。 圖6係圖1之標籤之另一實例的戴面示意側視圖。 (3) (3)1236643
圖7係圖1之標籤之另一實例的戴面示意侧視圖 圖8係圖1之標籤之一實例的平面視圖。 登細說明 本發明之組合式標籤係同時採用反光物件及一種可對益 線電頻率信號產生反應之元件,以構成一種安全車輛辨識 糸統。圖1係顯示此一組合式標籤1〇之方塊圖。該標籤⑺ 係包括一反光性物件12,其係可活動式地連接至一無線電 頻率反應元件14。反光性物件12係包括一光學表面16,而 使得以各種不同角度入射在該光學表面16上之光線,由射 線18所表示,係會大致逆平行地被反射,由射線“所表示 ,並且回到光源(未顯示)。該無線電頻率反應元件14係具 有貢訊儲存及傳送特性,且包括一以虛線表示之積體電路 22以及一天線24。元件14係用以使一詢問系統可以由該元 件獲取資訊,在圖中係以電磁波26、27來表示,且將在下 文中詳細說明。 圖2 A及2B係反光性物件12活動式地連接至丨4之兩個實 例的概要侧視圖。然而,亦可嘗試其他的實例。當位在四 分之一英付或6毫米的金屬内部時,一般的無線電頻率反應 元件便會失調。許多種型式之反光性物件係憑藉金屬化表 面來進行操作。在此情況下,若將無線電頻率反應元件直 接放置在該金屬化反光性物件上時,便會造成該無線電頻 率反應元件失調。圖2A係顯示一標籤11〇,其在一基板115 上係具有隔開之金屬化反光性物件1 1 2以及無線電頻率反 應元件1 14。物件1 12之光學表面1 16大體上係面向與該無線 1236643
(4) 黾頻率反應元件1 1 4之外藤 式所示之實例中,基板1 1 5並不包括金屬。在基板1 1 5上之 無線電頻率反應元件114係與金屬化反光性物件1 1 2隔開, 因此不會妨礙到元件114之操作。圖2B係顯示一標籤2 1 〇, 其中無線電頻率反應元件2 14係直接放置在一非金屬性反 光性物件212之光學表面216上,而不需要採用分開的基板 然、、泉冤頻率反應元件2 14係包括一外露主要表面2 1 7,其 肢上‘面向與光學表面216相同之方向。標籤11〇、21〇 亦可包括一黏膠(未顯示)分別塗佈在光學表面丨16、21 6上 ,以及分別塗佈在外露主要表面117、217上,且因此可以 黏貼在車輛窗戶的内表面或類似位置,使得該標籤11〇、210 可以很容易地由車輛外面來讀取。 無線電頻率反應元件可以係主動型或被動型一主動型 ί鐵係在標藏結構中採用額外的能源,諸如-電池。此— 強的:仔主動型|線電頻率反應元件可以產生及傳輸較 強的反應信號,即使在詢問 亦然,因此-主動型以率%較弱的區域中 範圍的區域。,而頻 元件係可以偵測較大 使用壽命。此;卜短的使用壽命係會限制標鐵之 動型元件係會㈣心之尺寸及成本。—被 之能量,並且利用此而::率場中導生用以驅動元件 頻率場中之天線阻抗,存在於詢問性無線電 信號,以傳送反應碼。因^來調變反射回到讀取天線之 被動式元件的應用較廣,因’卜其乾圍係較受到限制。由於 " 此以下將針對此類型元件來討 (5) 1236643
然而 習於此技者應可瞭解,兩種類型之元件 許多相同_’因此’皆可應用在本說明書中所討論 實例中。 如圖3所示,一被動型無線電頻率反應元件14通常侍包括 兩個元件··-積體電路22及—天線24。積體電路係提供基本 的辨識功能。*包括軟體以及電路,以永久性地儲存標鐵 辨識及其他需要的資訊,並將由詢問硬體所接收到之:令 加以轉譯及處理,且回應由詢問器所要求之資㉟,以及協 助硬體來解決由於多個標籤同時回應詢問時所產生之突衝 。視情況而定’積體電路亦可以更新儲存在其記憶體(讀: 寫)中之資訊,而非只是將資訊讀出而已(唯讀卜適用於無 線電頻率反應元件中之積體電路,係包括可以由Taw Insmnnents公司(TIRIS產品線)、phiHps公司(⑽仏“及mt牦 產品線)、M〇tor〇la/Indala公司及 Slngle Chip Systems& 司所 購付之產品,以及其他的產品。其中一實例便是Τα” Instiuments公司以商品編號#RI-I〇1-11〇a所販售的標籤。 天線的4何形狀及特性係視標籤之無線電頻率反應部分 的操作頻率而定。舉例來說,2.45 GHz(或相近)的無線電頻 率反應元件,通常係包括一雙極天線,諸如線性雙極天線 (未減不)’或者係折疊式雙極天線(未顯示)。一 13.5 6 MHz (或相近)的無線電頻率反應元件則係採用一螺旋或盤繞式 天線24。在上述的兩例中,天線24係會截取由一詢問源所 發出之媒線電頻率能量。此一信號能量係同時將能量及指 令載送至標籤。天線係可使無線電頻率反應元件吸收足以 (6) 1236643 發明說墙繽翼 驅動IC晶片之能量,並藉此提供可以被偵測到的反應。因 此,天線之特性係必須符合採用此天線之系統。在高MHz 至GHz範圍中操作之標籤中,一個很重要的特性便是天線 的長度。一般而言,雙極天線的有效長度係可加以選擇, 使其可以接近詢問信號之半個波長或複數個半波波長。在 低至中級MHz(例如,13.56 MHz)範圍中操作之標藥中,由 於尺寸的限制,因此無法採用半個波長的天線,因此一個 很重要的特性便是在天線繞組中之天線電感及圈數。就兩 種天線類型而言,其皆需要良好的導電性。_般而言,可 以採用諸如銅或銘之金屬,然而,亦可以採用其他料體 ’包括磁性金屬’諸如透磁合金。亦相當重要的是,所選 ='c晶片之輸入阻抗係必須與天線最大能量轉移之阻抗 ”通常:亦包括-電容器30以增加標籤的性能。 ★交 态_3〇日寸’便可將標籤之操作頻率調整至—护 、一包。 獲得最大操作範圍及確保符合常規性 ^。這對於 助益的。電容器可以係一分離式元件^ :係相當具有 中,如以下將gjg Μ , ^ 3 “整合在天線 將。兄明的。在某些標籤設 以在極高頻率下操作之標鐵,諸如Η 係設計用 採用一可調式電容器。該電容器 、& ’便可不需要 天線所提供之電感相連結時,由以口从遙擇’使得當與 構的響應頻率’係會極接近RFID系统^所算出之組合結 中該公式為: 之適當操作頻率,其 Λ -10- (10) 1236643
成該反光器。在此例中,立方體角S件係可以由不同於 以構成襯底層之材料所構成。反光器55係可包括一連接用 光學表面64之,蓋物。該覆蓋物係可以由一丙烯或^ : 二甲酸/聚對苯—甲酸異構物之層疊體所構成。在 亦可以塗覆黏膠68。 1 上 、在圖式之實例中,反光性物件54係包括一鏡面反射層% 連接至立方體角元件56。該反射層鳩可以由用以構成圖5 中之反,層50之材料所製成。由光學表面M進人該立方體 角反光器55之光線係會被該立方體角元件55之三個相互= 直的表面所反射,並且回到光源。 在圖式之實例中,鏡面反射層7〇係由一種若該無線電領 率反應元件放置在太#近反光性物件54時會使該無線電頻 率反應兀件58失調的材料所形成’亦即,該立方體角元件 仏至屬化的。因此,無、線電頻率反應元件$ 8係與反光性 件4隔開奴足夠的距離,而不會實質影響到該無線 頻率反應元件58之性能。 兒 :'圖7係;具有非金屬化反光性物件74而使得該無線電頻 ''…元件76可以直接結合至反光性物件74之標籤72的另 叫固截面概要側視圖一黏膠78係用以將無線電頻率反應 兀件連接至光學表面8〇。在此—實例巾,無線電頻率反應 兀件76之外露表面82係面向與該光學表面⑼相同之方向。 反光丨生物件74係包括一立方體角反光器Μ,其係具有複數 個立方體角元件86。該立方體角反光器84以及立方體角元 仏以上述相同之方式所形成。再者,與前述相同,立 -14- 1236643 (】〇 發明毅_繽裹 方體角反光器8 4係可句括一变鞏^ 匕括一復盍物(未顯示),其中黏膠78 “佈在該覆蓋物上。反光器84係包括一襯底層8 =角元恢各個不同的位置89上,以密封立方體角 :而與周圍壞境隔絕’以避免水氣或灰塵或類似物質 卞一土。玄立方體角兀件86上。襯底層88係保持一與立方坪 角元件86之空氣尺$ f 工孔界面’以產生反光。€氣界面1〇〇以及構成 肢角元件86之材料之反光率,係使得經由光學表面 而乂 4寸疋角度進入至反光器84之光線,不會通過該透明 的立:體角元件86。相反地,光線係會由立方體角元件86 中之"7個相互垂直之表面所反射,並且返回到光源。襯底 二,=可以由各種不同的材料所製成,諸如聚對苯二甲酸/ ♦對本一甲酸異構物之層疊冑。在才票籤72上亦可 膠101 。 j ^某一 κ例中,塗佈在光學表面及外露表面上之黏膠, ^種向強度黏膠,且可以直接地連接至無線電頻率反應 元件之天線。右嘗試將天線由一車輛窗戶内部移出時,該 天、、泉将w叉扣而損壞。在另一實例中,一釋放劑係可以塗 佈在天線之各個不同的位置或高強度黏膠上,並且與該高 強度黏膠配合使用。當嘗試移除時,藉由包括釋放劑所造 成之不同的釋放程度,將會造成黏膠在釋放時更嚴重地撕 衣4天線。此一貫例之一種變化型式係在無線電頻率反應 兀件上採用兩種或多種黏膠,且每一種黏膠係具有不同的 強度或‘度。天線的損壞將可進一步增加安全性。(若不需 要此一額外的安全性,則包括外露表面之無線電頻率反應 -15 - (12) 1236643 明繽裹 籤,使得 元件ίτ、可以封包在一聚合材料中,並且連接至標 黏膠不會直接與無線電頻率反應元件相接觸)。
為了杧進女全性,標籤1 0係可包括其他的塗覆或未涂承 之目視貧訊。舉例來說,該反光性物件丨2係可包括全像層 ,或者該反光性物件係可方向性地取像或者係包括—=重1 式衫像,⑹業界所習知的。另一實例係利用在無線電頻率 反應元件14中之資料來作為在標籤上之資訊的加密碼y,、諸 如條碼或點碼。點碼之—實例係美國加州之Van N⑽市之 Ventech公司所生產的點碼。在每—標籤上提供不同的點碼 組合,使得解碼—標籤之偽造方法’對於另-標籤係益效 的。習於此技者可以瞭解’在標籤上之目視fm,諸如點 碼,亦可以在無線電頻率反應元件中作為解碼資訊。
、.圖8係顯示標籤1()之—實例的平面圖。此—實例係根據上 述圖5,實例。標籤38係包括連接至基板44之反光性物件4〇 以及無線電頻率反應元件42。該反光性物件4〇係可以由明 尼蘇達州聖保羅市之明尼蘇達礦業及製造公司所購得,立 商品標號為3W。反光性物件4Q係包括印刷標誌、,其係 具有墨西哥車牌圖㈣式。該無線電頻率反應元件42亦包 =刷標諸103,其係額外地提供目視資訊,以部分地隱匿 。亥無線電頻率反應元件42。印刷標誌1〇3不應包括金屬性墨 s 口為其將會使兀件42失調。-壓感應黏膠43係覆蓋該 ‘蕺以’亚且可以包括一釋放劑塗佈在無線電頻率反應元 ㈣上之天線的部位。在此-實例中,反光性物件40以及 頻率反應元件42係可用以辨識車辆的登記。該無線 -16 - !236643
發明說钥繽頁 電頻率反應元件42係可電子式地讀取,且與車輛牌照上的 資訊以及車輛辨識號碼相比較,以確保該車輛係合法的。 在圖式之實例中,當登記稅或保險金已給付時,該無線電 頻率反應元件42便可以更新,以提供執法人員一種可以立 即確認的方法。 習於此技者應可明瞭上述 合’而這些變化及組合都將 at tz m 10, 3夂 52, 72,1 10, 210 施例之各種不同的變化及組 蓋在後附申請專利範圍内。 標籤 12, 74 14, 42, 58, 76,1 14, 214 16, 45, 64, 80,116, 216 18-20 反光性物件 热線電頻率反應元件 光學表面 射線 22 24 積體電路 天線 26-27 30 40 41,43, 62, 68, 78,101 電磁波 電容器 金屬化反光性物件 黏膠 44, 60,"5 46 47, 66,82 48 基板 光學球體 外露表面 間隔樹脂 鏡面反射層 ' 17- 50 1236643 (14) 發明說钥繽頁 54 金屬化反光性物件 55, 84 立方體角反光器 56, 86 立方體角反光性元件 70 鏡面反射層 88 襯底層 100 空氣界面 102, 103 印刷標言忘 112 金屬化反光性物件 1 17, 217 外露主要表面 212 非金屬化反光性物件 300 電子物件安全系統 302 詢問源 304 天線 306 偵測器 308 記憶裝置 -18 -

Claims (1)

  1. Ι236^ϋ3088號專利申請案 中文申印專利範圍替換本(92年月) 拾、申請專利範圍 1. 一種車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,包含: 一反光性物件’其具有一光學表面;及 反應元件連接至該反光性物件,其" 煩請委員明/JT 電元件包括一天線及-積體電路,該無勒 應:件係具有資訊錯存及傳輸性能 問:::”該無線電頻率反應元件獲得資訊;’ 在;ϋ!電頻率反應元件包括-外露表面及-設置 辨識窗二:紙i:黏膠’該黏膠具有-黏度,當該車輛 件撕裂。 黏度足以將该無線電頻率反應元 2 · 根據申請專利筋1 TS . 外露表面面向與該光學表之二戶貼紙,其中該 置在該光學表面及外之方向,且-黏膝係設 ί資質内容 3·根據申請專利-範圍第2 j苜々由击心 外露表面上係設4?*之車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,其中該 貼紙黏貼至該車輛窗戶:黏膠以將該車輛辨識窗戶 ^ ^ 固戶,該多數個黏膠包括一且古^ 一黏度值第一壓感式黏膠 :匕括具有—第 第二壓感式黏膠,t中^ 八有—第二黏度值之 值,且其中該第二㈣黏度值係大於該第—點度 ,爾後將該車輛_=歸之第二黏度值具有-黏度 該黏度足以將該天線撕列 ®户上撕離時, 4.根據申請專利範圍第3項\。車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,其中該 O:\81\81037-921030.doc 1236643 5. 第一及第二壓感式黏膠係直接設置在天線上。 根據申請專利範圍第2項之車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,其具有 一釋放劑,該釋放劑係選擇性地設置在黏膠及天線之至 少其中一者上。 、 6. 根據申請專利範圍第!項之車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,其中該 反光性物件係-種非金屬化立方體角物#,且該益線電 頻率反應元件係設置在該光學表面上。 根據申請專利範圍第i項之車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,苴"亥 反光性物件係包括-金屬化部分,且其中該無線電頻率 8. 反應兀件係連接至該金屬化部分的旁邊。 根據申請專利範圍第7項之車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,其中該 雷:i ::尚包括、基板,且其中該反光性物件及無線 紅’。〜件係連接至該基板,而使該反光性物件鱼 無線電頻率反應元件隔開。 〃 9. 根據申請專利範圍第7苔 . ^ 弟7項之車輛辨識窗戶貼紙,其中該 反光性物件係包括一金屈 物件。 、屬化立方體角物件或一微球體 10·根據申請專利範圍第i項 、之、、且5式私織,其中該反光性 物件在上表面係包括印刷標誌。 - 11·根據申請專利範圍第10 諸係包括一非金屬性墨水,、、·且““,其中該印刷標 12.根據申請專利範圍第1 ^ ± r m - u > 、之、、且a式標籤,其中該無線電 頻率反應70件上係“”料。 O:\81037-921030.doc
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BR0212735A (pt) 2004-11-16
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MXPA04002822A (es) 2004-07-02
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MY130523A (en) 2007-06-29
DE60236525D1 (de) 2010-07-08
RU2313829C2 (ru) 2007-12-27
AU2002362643B2 (en) 2007-11-15
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CN1564999A (zh) 2005-01-12
JP2005505791A (ja) 2005-02-24
EP1435069A1 (en) 2004-07-07
EP1435069B1 (en) 2010-05-26
ATE469404T1 (de) 2010-06-15
AR036771A1 (es) 2004-09-29
US6894615B2 (en) 2005-05-17
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CA2460243A1 (en) 2003-04-17
WO2003032247A1 (en) 2003-04-17
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US20030067389A1 (en) 2003-04-10
JP4672980B2 (ja) 2011-04-20

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