TWI227714B - Novel organometallic complexes comprising cationic heterocyclic carbenes and their process of preparation - Google Patents
Novel organometallic complexes comprising cationic heterocyclic carbenes and their process of preparation Download PDFInfo
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- TWI227714B TWI227714B TW088108203A TW88108203A TWI227714B TW I227714 B TWI227714 B TW I227714B TW 088108203 A TW088108203 A TW 088108203A TW 88108203 A TW88108203 A TW 88108203A TW I227714 B TWI227714 B TW I227714B
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- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005669 hydrocyanation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- CECABOMBVQNBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium iodide Chemical compound I[Al](I)I CECABOMBVQNBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 13
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 12
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-FIBGUPNXSA-N acetonitrile-d3 Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])C#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-FIBGUPNXSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-WFGJKAKNSA-N acetone d6 Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])C(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] CSCPPACGZOOCGX-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- OIRDBPQYVWXNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl trifluoromethansulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F OIRDBPQYVWXNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- AIYYMMQIMJOTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Ni+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O AIYYMMQIMJOTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphine group Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)propane Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)(CCl)CCl KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006519 CCH3 Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007341 Heck reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- GSOLWAFGMNOBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co][Co][Co][Co][Co][Co][Co][Co] GSOLWAFGMNOBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002290 germanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002527 isonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- MYOXXEOWSXJWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl difluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C(F)F MYOXXEOWSXJWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDJBHBQUEAGIOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC(C)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F NDJBHBQUEAGIOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005945 translocation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Description
1227714 A7 B7 發明説明 本發明係關於含陽離子雜環碳烯類之新穎有機金屬錯合 物。 其亦關於用#此錢金屬冑合物製備之二價_予雜環 先驅化合物。 本發明〈另-個主要標的為一種上述有機金屬錯合物之 製法。 最後,本發明亦包含該有機金屬錯合物在許多化學反應 中作為觸媒之用途。 含雜環碳烯類之有機金屬錯合物已揭示於先行技藝中。 因此,專利ΕΡ-Α-0,72 1,9 5 3揭示包含衍生自咪吐β林或峨 唑啉之非陽離子雜環碳缔類及元素週期表第8,9與1〇族之 金屬之錯合物。專利ΕΡ·Α-〇,798,〇41揭示包含衍生自且 有5- ’ 6-或7-員環且含一或多個氮及/硫原子之各種化合物 之非陽離子雜環碳缔類及選自銳,鍺,鎳,㈣姑之金屬 之錯合物。 此等錯合物為非常安定之化合物,彼等另外具有在其分 解時不形成毒性副產物之優點。,然而,彼等呈現無法用於 過度酸性之介質中,而且金屬與彼等之〇級氧化態之錯合物 不溶於水,此限制了彼等之使用領域。 Q此本發明首先有關含雜環碳烯類之有機金屬錯合 物,其特徵為對應於通式(1) [(Z + X-)mMLn] Υ ⑴ 其中: •Z+表示1,2,4-三唑亞基離子,其至少一部份之環中 -4- 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 原子係經含烴基團取代, -L表示配位子,其可為離子性或中性, -M 表示選自 The Chemical Rubber 公司之"Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,5 1st Edition,,( 1 970- 1971)公布之元素週期表第ib,2b,3b,4b,5b,6b, 7b與8b族過渡元素之金屬, 表示有機或無機陰離子, -m表示1至6之整數, -η表示0至5之整數, -m與η之和係等於或小於6, -Υ表示陰離子或陽離子,使得金屬錯合物為電中性。 為了方便起見,亦包括Υ相對離子之式(I)化合物已知為 本發明中之有機金屬錯合物或金屬錯合物。 1,2,4-三唑-5_亞基離子Ζ +係對應通式(II) ··
其中R!,R2,R3與R4,彼等為相同或不同,表示: -線性或分支烷基或環烷基基團, -芳基基團, -烷基基團,其包含一或多個取代基,如芳基基團,烷氧 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1227714
基基團’自素原子或親水性基,例如: -COW,-S〇3Ml,或.ρ〇3Μι , %表示無機或有機陽 離子殘基,其選自質子,衍生自驗金屬或驗土金屬之陽離 子,或銨陽離子-N(R)4,在此陽離子式中,R符號,其為 相同或不同,表示氫原子或具有丨至4個碳原子之烷基基 團, -N(R)3Ya,在此式中,R符號為相同或不同,表示氫原 子或具有1至丨2個碳原子之烷基基團,且乙表示無機或有 機陰離子, -OH, -芳基或芳烷基或環烷基基團,其在環上包含一或多個取 代基’如燒基基團,烷氧基基團,_素原子或親水性基, 例如: -COOMi,403]^,或-P〇3Ml,Ml表示無機或有機陽 離子殘基,其選自質子,衍生自鹼金屬或鹼土金屬之陽離 子,或銨陽離子-N(R)4,在此陽離子式中,R符號,其為 相同或不同,表示氫原子或具有i至丨2個碳原子之烷基基 團, -N(R)3Ya,在此式中,R符號,其為相同或不同,表示 氫原子或具有1至12個碳原子之烷基基團,且八表示無機 或有機陰離子, -0H, R 3亦表示氫原子, R i及/或R4亦可分別表示經伸烷基或亞芳基基團鍵結至 _______ 6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國时標準(CNS) A4規格(21Qχ 297公爱) 1227714
1,2,4 -二唑-5-亞基離子之氮原子之有機配位基殘基,該配 位基殘基為亞磷酸殘基,磷酸殘基,膦酸殘基,膦殘基或 第二胺殘基,及脂族,環脂族,芳族或雜環,且其作為對 金屬Μ之配位基L。 以上之有機配位基殘基可衍生自,例如,亞磷酸苯酯或 烷酯,其係未經取代或經以上定義之取代基取代,或衍生 自膦酸苯酯或烷酯,其係未經取代或經以上定義之取代基 取代,或衍生自磷酸苯酯或烷酯,其係未經取代或經以上 定義之取代基取代。 在此情形,經如上所定義之心及/或、基團取代之丨,2,仁 三唑_5-亞基離子為雙牙團或三牙團配位基。 L表示離子性配位基,如自化物或氰化物,或中性配位 基,如一氧化碳,異腈,膦,有機亞磷酸根,磷酸根或膦 酸根。 Μ較佳代表選自鎳’鈷,鐵,釕,铑,鈀,鉞,銥, 鉑,銅,銀,金,鋅,鎘或汞之金屬。 這些金屬可呈其各種氧化態,包括〇級氧化態。 陰離子為有機或無機陰離子,例如,如_化物,但是 軚佳為選自經考慮關於金屬Μ而定義之弱配位陰離子。其 主要地組成1,2,4 -二吐-5-亞基離子之相對離子。 應提及三氟甲烷磺酸根,四氟硼酸根,六氟磷酸根,四 氯化鋁,四溴化鋁,四碘化鋁,四氯化鎵,四溴化鎵,四 氟化録或四破化蘇,作為此弱配位陰離予之非限制實例。 本發明之另一個主要標的為該二價陽離子雜環化合物在 1227714 五、發明説明(6 ) 合物,如果適合,及無機或有機鹼,加入化合物(πι)之溶 液或懸浮液。非常明顯地,可修改各種反應物之引入次 序。反應在室溫下、或較佳為例如在25〇Cs15(rc之溫度 下進行。此溫度可方便地為進行合成之液體之回流溫度。 式(I)錯合物之分離可依照化學界常用之方法進行,例如, 過滤、離心或萃取。式⑴錯合物與式(111)二價陽離子雜環 化合物通常以核磁共振(NMR)或紅外線或χ·射線繞射呈現 特徵。 式(I)有機金屬錯合物可在許多化學反應中作為觸媒。 大部份之式⑴有機金屬錯合物及式(ΙΠ)二料離子雜環 化合物在大部份之非極性或僅具輕微極性有機溶劑中,如 烷屬烴’環烷屬烴’齒烷屬烴,芳族烴,烷基芳族烴或 瞇,具有極低之溶解度或不溶解。另一方面,彼等係溶於 極性溶劑中。因此,二價陽離子化合物特別溶於四氫呋 喃’二甲基亞颯(DMSO),腈(例如,乙腈)或水。因此, 本發明之有機金屬錯合物特別溶於腈(例如,乙腈), DMSO或水。這些性質使這些各種化合物可早期分離月,特 別是藉液/液萃取。此外,其可在二相介質中進行催化。 應提及特別者係在釕錯合物存在下之埽類或炔類之氫矽 烷化作用,在釕或鍺錯合物存在下之酮之氫矽烷化作用, 在免錯合物存在下之Heck反應,在対、铑、銷或免錯合物 存在下之缔烴、醛、酸、婦醯胺與硝基芳族化合物之氫化 作用’在鎳錯合物存在下之烯烴之氫氰化作用,在釕錯合 物存在下之_呋喃之合成,在釕錯合物存在下之埽烴易位作 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(21〇 χ邠7公釐) • 9 - 1227714
用,或在鎳錯合物存在下之丙烯酸酯之聚合作用,作為此 反應之非限制實例。 式(π I)先驅物之合成之實例 宜ill·化合物(Ilia)之合成:
依 k、J. Org. Chem·,1972,37 ’ 第 2259 頁所述之步 騾’在回流下於1,2·二氯乙烷中以三氟甲烷磺酸甲酯攪拌 將1Η-1,2,4-甲基三唆甲基化兩次(在環之第2與第4位 置)。 過濾形成之棕色沉澱,然後以1,2-二氯乙烷清洗,直到 得到白色粉末。此固體(Ilia)呈現160-162 °C之熔點。 其特徵為· -1H NMR (d6-DMSO):5 4.22 (s,3H,CH3N),4.50 (s,6H,CH3N),10.79 (s,2H,Η環狀)· l3C NMR (H) (CD3CN): δ 3 8.67 (s,CH3N), 3 8.87 (s,CH3N),1 20.3 5 (q/JcF =320.1 Hz,CF3), 1 47.72 (s,2C環狀)· 實例2.化合物(111 b )之合成: -10-_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明 CH,
(mb) 2 Cr^SO^ 以二階段進行合成。首先,藉由1H-1,2,4-甲基三唑對 三氟甲烷磺酸異丙酯於1,2 -二氯乙烷之溶液之化學計量加 成(在回流下攪摔3小時),異丙基在第4位置(r4基團)連 接。得到下式之化合物: 一 ~\ ψ
N
I c / Η ch3 ch3 — cf3so3· 產率為9 1 %,其為黃色油之形成。 2.5毫升之三氟甲烷磺酸甲酯(22毫莫耳)加入5克(18毫 莫耳)之此化合物於2G毫升之1,2·二氣乙燒之溶液,而且混 合物回流授摔24小時。形成棕色沉澱’過濾此沉澱,然後 以1,2 -二氯乙烷清洗直到得到白色粉末。 此固體(Illb)呈現1 63 - 1 65。(:之熔點,以及關於饋入之 中間產物化合物為7 3 %之對應產率。 其特徵為·· ________ * 11- 本紙張尺度制中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公#) --------- 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(9 ) _1H NMR (CD3CN):5 1.65 (d,3Jhh = 6.58 Hz,6H, C_HsCH)5 4.34(s9 3H5 CH3N)5 5.03 (sept, 3Jhh =6.58 Hz,1H,[CH3]2C£LN),10.22 (s,2H,h環狀). “3C NMR (H) (CD3CN): 5 21.51 (s5CH3CH)? 38.71 (s? CH3N)? 5 8.8 8 (s5 [CH3]2CHN)? 120.35 (q/JcF =3 20.1 Hz,CF3),1 45.22 (s,2C 環狀)· 實例3 .化合物(IIIc)之合成:
(lllc) 2 CF3S〇3 合成以二階段進行。首先,依照j. Prakt· Chem·, 1988,330,3,325所述之步驟製備下式之化合物:
此化合物在三氟甲烷磺酸甲酯中在回流下攪拌加熱4日。 形成棕色沉藏,將此沉澱過濾,然後以i,2 •二氯乙烷清洗 直到得到白色粉末。製得對應於第二階段中所饋入之化合 -12- 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(10 物為5 0 %之產率之固體(111 c)。 其特徵為: 環 -lH NMR (CD3CN):(5 4.22 (s? 3H5 CH3N), 7.4-8.4 (未解析峰,15H,苯基H),10.34 (s,ih,h 化合物(Illd)之合成:
(m⑴ 2cp3s〇3 合成以二階段進行。首先’依照j. Prakt· Chem 1 9 8 8,3 3 0,3,3 2 5所述之步騾製備下式之化合物:
此化合物以3當量之三氟甲烷磺酸甲酯在回流下攪拌加熱 2日。形成棕色沉澱,此沉澱過濾然後以1,2 -二氯乙烷清洗 直到得到白色粉末。以關於在第二階段中所饋入之化合物 為69%之產率得到此固體(IIId),而且其呈現190.5, -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(13 ) 广
2 Cfr3so2- 合成以二階段進行。首先, 1988,330,3,325所述之步驟製備 依'照 J . P r a k t. 下式之化合物:
Chem .,
cf3s〇3· 此化合物以3當篁之二氟甲烷磺酸甲酯在回流下攪拌加熱 2日。形成棕色沉澱,此沉澱過濾然後以u•二氯乙烷清洗 直到得到白色粉末為止。以關於在第二階段中所饋入之化 合物為95%之產率得到此固體,而且其呈現194n 之溶點。 其特徵為: “H NMR (d6-丙酮):5 3.35 (s,3H,CH3C),4.46 (s, 3H,CH3N),4.69 (s,3H,CH3N),4.77 (s,3H, 10.7 7 (s, 1H, H環狀)· 13C NMR (d6-丙酮):5 10.53 (s,£JH3N),35.91 (s, -16 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 x 297公釐) 1227714 A7 __ ___ B7 五、發明説明(14 ) CH3N),36_26 (S,CH3N),3 7.99 (s,CH3N), 120.35 U,ijCF =320.1 Hz, CF3),1 45.3 5 (s, CH 環狀),157.31 (s,【環狀CH3). 錯合物凌厶成之會例 皇HZ^Ag(i)化合物(Ia)之合成:
(la) 2 C?3S〇3 〇 · 4克(2 · 4毫莫耳)之乙酸銀加入1克實例1製備之二價陽 離子化合物(II la)於20毫升之四氫呋喃(THF)之懸浮液。 混合物在回流下攪拌2小時。形成與THF不互溶之棕色油, 此油以10毫升之THF清洗數次。在蒸發溶劑後,得到光敏 感棕色固體(關於二價陽離子化合物(Ilia)為82%之產率)。 此錯合物呈現以下之特徵: NMR (CD3CN):5 4.01 (s,3H,NCH3),4.19 (s 3H,CH_3N-NCH3),4.22 (s,3H,CH3N-NCii3),9·72 (s,1H,CH). -13C NMR (CD3CN):(5 37.2 (NCH3),38.5 (NCH3), 38.6 (NCH3),121.1 (q/jcF =320.1 Hz,CF3),144 8 (CH),189.2 (CAg)· 童iil^Hg(II)化合物(lb)之合成: -17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 一 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(16 此結構亦以X-射線繞射建立。 室·例9 ·N i (11)化合物(I c)之合成
2.4克貫例5製備之二價陽離子化合物(〗n e)加入ο · 4 4 2克 之二乙酸鎳與0.75克之碘化鈉於5〇毫升之THF之懸浮液。 混合物在回流下攪拌2小時。形成有色沉澱,此沉澱係經過 濾及以THF清洗數次。如此得到之錯合物在_3(Γ(:由丙酮/ 酸混合物再結晶。再結晶之錯合物(Ic)為紅色且其呈現 3 1 0 · 7 C <熔點(分解:結晶變黑)。得到關於二價陽離子化 合物(Ille)為85%之產率。 此錯合物呈現以下之特徵: 4 NMR (d6'丙酮):5 7.8-8.0 (寬,10H,苯基 H), 4·88-4·84 (2s,6H,CH3N),4.54-4.49 (2s,6H, CH3N),4.42-4.41 (2s,6H,CH3N)· NMR (CD3〇D): (? 37.0 (s,£JH3N),37.9 (s, CH3N),38.4 (CH3N),121.1 (q/JcF =3 20.1 Hz, CF3),130.5,130.8 及 134.8 (苯基 C),153.4 dPh), 188.2 (C_Ni). 其結構亦以X -射線繞射建立。 -19 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) '" 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(17 實性l!Ni(n)化合物(Id)之合成:
2 CF2S03· 〇·425克實例6製備之二價陽離子化合物(IIIf)加入〇.〇9() 克之二乙酸鎳與0.15克之破化鈉於25毫升之THF之雖浮 液。混合物在回流下攪拌2小時。形成有色沉澱,此沉澱係 經過濾及以THF清洗數次。如此得到之錯合物在_3〇它由丙 酮/醚再結晶。再結晶之錯合物(Id)為紅色且其呈現卜 3 0 5 °C之溶點(分解:結晶變黑)。得到關於二價陽離子化合 物(Illf)為79%之產率。 此錯合物呈現以下之特徵: NMR (d6-丙酮):(5 4.88-4.84 乙” v2s? 6H, NCH3),
4.54-4.49 (2 s, 6H, CH3N), 4·42<41 (2s 6H CH3N),2.63 (2s,6H,C-CHj)· ’ ’ 13C NMR (CD3OD): 5 13.86 (c ^ t 、lL ), 3 6 · 1 (CH3N), 37.6 (CH3N), 38.5 (CH3N),121] (q力ο =32〇」 Hz, CF3), 154.8 (C.-Me), 187.6 (C^Ni) 其結構亦以X-射線繞射建立。 實例1 1 .ΝΚΙΠ化合物He)之合成: -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1227714 A7 B7
2 CF3s〇3. 〇·93 5克實例1製備之二價陽離子化合物(nia)加入 0·2〇〇克之二乙酸鎳與〇.3 4克之碘化鈉於3〇毫升之thf之 懸浮液。混合物在回流下攪拌2小時。形成有色沉澱,此沉 義係經過滤及以T H F清洗數次。如此得到之錯合物藉由敵 在該錯合物於乙腈之溶液中之緩慢擴散再結晶。再結晶在-3 〇 °C由丙酮/醚混合物進行。再結晶之錯合物(I e)為紅色。 得到關於二價陽離子化合物(II la)為70%之產率。 此錯合物呈現以下之特徵: -1H NMR (d6 -丙酮):5 4·38-4·35 (2s,6H,CH3N), 4.68-4.65 (2s,6H,CH3N),4.99-4.96 (2s, 6H, NCH3),9.32 (s,2H,Cii). 實例12.Pd(II)化合物(If)之合成:
2 1'
-21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4规格(210X 297公釐) 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2〇 ) 0.425克實例6製備之二陽離子化合物⑴ι。加入〇112克 之一乙I纪與〇 · 3 0克之礙化鈉於6 〇毫升之丁 η F之懸浮液。 混合物在回流下攪拌2小時。形成有色沉澱,此沉澱過濾及 以驗清洗數/人。如此得到之錯合物在· 3 〇。〇由丙酮/醚混合 物再結晶。再結晶之錯合物(Ig)呈現2〇6_212π之熔點(分 解:結晶變综)°在反應時,所有之三氟甲烷磺酸根陰離子 被碘陰離子取代。得到關於二價陽離子化合物(nIf)為6〇% 之產率。 此錯合物呈現以下之特徵: 1 Η N M R (d 6 - D M S Ο): 5 4 · 4 1 4 · 4 0 ( 2 s,6 Η,N C Η 3), 4.29 (s,6Η,CH3N),4.16-4.15 (2s,6Η,CH3N), 2.95 (6H,C-CH3)v 宜化合物(ih)之合成:
合成方 >去A 1毫升之四羰鎳在40毫升之無水及脫氣乙腈中稀釋。 3 8 0 // 1之叶1:啶與6 6 0 // 1之三乙胺加入得到之溶液。 使用滴定漏斗逐滴加入2 · 〇克實例6製備之二陽離子化合 物(111 f)於6 0毫升之無水及脫氣乙腈之溶液。觀察到氣體 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4规格(210 x 297公釐) 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(21 欢逸且落液顏色轉黃。在已引入所有之溶液時,持續攪拌 另1個小時。反應溶液之體積繼而因溶劑在真空下之蒸發而 咸^ 一刀之一’然後加入2 0 0毫升之脫氣酸。然後形成錯合 物(Ih)之沉澱,此沉澱係經過濾及以醚清洗數次。如此得 到 <錯合物在_3〇。(:由丙酮/醚混合物再結晶。錯合物(Ih) 以κ色結晶之形式存在。其熔點無法正確地測定(分解:結 晶變综)。得到關於二價陽離子化合物(〗〗〗f)為2 6 %之產 率。 此錯合物呈現以下之特徵: l]Ei nMR (d6-DMSO): 5 4.00 (s,6H,NCH3), 3.99(s,6H,CH3N),3.78(s,6H,CH3N),2.72 (6H,C- ch3). 以紅外線光譜觀察到在1 9 8 2公分—1及1 9 0 6公分-1 (C O)之 帶。 其結構亦以X -射線繞射建立。 以元素分析發現以下: -2 8 · 9 9 % 之 C (理論 2 8 · 8 9 %) -3 · 3 6 % 之 Η (理論 3 · 6 3 %) -12.39%之Ν(理論 12.62%)。 合成方法Β 1 5 0毫克之活化金屬鋅粉(1 〇當量)加入〇 . 2克實例1 0製備 之有機金屬錯合物(Id)於1 0毫升之無水及脫氣乙腈之溶 液。溶液置於一氧化碳氣體下。反應在開始攪拌時同時開 始。溶液變黃。溶液使用管子過濾、,然後其以方法A所述之 -24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1227714 A7
万法處理(由醚之加成開始,以沉澱有機金屬錯合物)。得 ^方;所饋入之有機金屬錯合物(I d)為4 8 %之產率。進广 如方法A之相同分析與特徵化,而且結果相同。 仃 t^Ul^Rh(I)化合物(Ij)之合成:
N 0-277克之乙酿基酷顯|酸二(窥基)鍺於毫升之thf之 4液加入〇 . 4 5 6克貫例6製備之二價陽離子化合物f)與 0·16克之NaI於40毫升之THF之懸浮液。混合物在讪艺攪 摔2日。在溶劑蒸發後回收棕色固體及以醚清洗數次。關於 一價陽離子化合物(IΠ f)之產率為7 〇 %。 此錯合物呈現以下之特徵: H NMR (d6-DMSO):(5 4·47 (s,3H,NCH3),4.28 (s,3H,CH3N),4·20 (s,3H,CH3N),2.96 (s,3H,C· CH3) C NMR (d6-DMSO):(5 1〇·5 (s,C -3),3 5 · 2 (s, NCH3),36.8 (s,CH3N),37.9 (s,CH3N),154.2 (s, C.-CH3)? 183.0 (d, ^(Rh-C) = 82.9 Hz, CO), 188.1 (d,^(Rh-C) =42.2 Hz,碳晞 C)· 以紅外線觀察到在1 9 7 5公分-1 (C 〇)之帶。 -25- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(24 ) --- 行。反應器之蓋係裝備一閥,以使用正確之壓力計在壓力 下將氣體引入或排出,而且具有安全闕及球闕以使溶液以 針筒轉移。Tefl0n⑧盆裝於熱壓器内部且包含磁性棒以擾 拌反應物。 貝例1 5製備Rh(I)錯合物(〗j )(4〇毫克)及丨〇〇毫克之三苯 膦(關於觸媒為5當量)裝於τ e fl 〇 n⑧盆。組合熱壓器且以氬 冲洗3次。繼而加入丨5毫升之四氫呋喃,5毫升之苯乙烯與 6 〇笔克之二乙胺(關於觸媒為4當量)。然後建立一氧化碳壓 力(1 5巴)與氫壓(1 5巴)。熱壓器以磁性攪摔加熱至6 〇它。 在此溫度反應4小時後,熱壓器在丙酮/液態氮混合物中快 速冷卻且去壓進行1小時。以蒸氣相層析術(vpc)分析反應 混合物之樣品。 得到以下之結果: 1 , -苯乙晞之轉化度:9 5 % -醛類之選擇性:9 7 % -分支駿/線性醛比例:9 5 / 5 -觸媒轉動頻率:7 5小時-1 (對所有之產物取相同之VPC反應因數,關於反應時間之 平均而計算)。 宜使用Rh(I)化合物(Ik)之苯乙烯之氫甲醯化之催 化 以40毫克實例16製備之錯合物(Ik)且不使用三苯膦而重 複實例1 7。 在8 0 °C反應3小時後,熱壓器在丙酮/液態氮混合物中快 •____ - 27 -__ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1227714 A7 B7 五、發明説明(25 ) 速冷卻且去壓進行1小時。以蒸氣相層析術(vpc)*析反應 混合物之樣品。 得到以下之結果: -苯乙晞之轉化度:9 6 % -醛類之選擇性:1 0 0 % -分支酸/線性醛比例:2 5 / 7 5 -觸媒轉動頻率:7 9小時·1 (對所有之產物取相同之VP C反應因數,關於反應時間之 平均而計算)。 -28-
Claims (1)
- A8 B8々、申請專利範圍 一種含雜環碳烯類之通式(I)有機金屬錯合物 [(Z + x》mMLn] Y (I) 其中: -Z表不ι,2,4·三唑-5_亞基離子,其至少一部份之環 原子係經c 1 - C i 〇燒基取代, 一 -L表示配位子,其可為離子性或中性,且選自自素離 子〖生配位子或為一氧化碳的中性配位子所組成之群 -M表7F選自元素週期表第ib,2b及813族過渡元素之金 屬, -X表不有機或無機陰離子,其選自三氟甲烷磺酸根, 四氟研I酸根,六氟磷酸根,四氣化鋁,四溴化鋁或四 碘化鋁,所組成之群組 -m表示1至2之整數, -η表示0至5之整數, -m與η之和等於或小於6, -Υ表示陰離子或陽離子,使得金屬錯合物為電中性。 2.根據申請專利範圍第1項之通式(I)有機金屬錯合物,其 特徵為1,2,4-三唑-5-亞基離子Ζ +對應通式(II): 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X297公爱) 1227714其中R! ’尺2,113與尺4,其為相同或不同,表示: -CrC10貌基或苯基,而以3可為氫。 根據申請專利範圍第1項之通式(1)有機金屬錯合物,其 特徵為Μ表示選自鎳,鈷,鐵,釕,鍺,鈀,鐵,銥, 銷,銅,銀,金,鋅,鎘或汞所組成之群組之金屬。 根據申請專利範圍第1項之通式(1)有機金屬錯合物,其 特徵為X -陰離子為弱配位陰離子,且係主要地構成該 1,2,4-三唑-5-亞基離子之相對離子者。 種製備如申請專利範圍第丨項所定義之通式(〗)有機金 屬錯合物之方法,其特徵為通式(ΙΠ)二價陽離子雜環 化合物··(Ml) 其中 -符號R ,R2,R3與R4具有上述為式(11)之三 口坐-5-亞基離子所示之意義, -2- 58500-931026.doc 本紙張尺度適用中國國豕標準(CNS) A4規格(21〇 X 297公爱) 1227714 申請專利範 園 6. 、表777如通式(1)所示之陰離子, ::::體媒介中,在添加至化合物(III)之溶液中或懸 之播機或有機鹼之存在下,於2 5 °C至1 5 0 °C之溫 又下與金屬Μ反應。 =申請專利範園第i項之通式⑴有機金屬錯合物, 係作為化學反應之觸媒。 ^申^利範圍第6項之通式⑴有機金屬錯合物, ::予反應係選自缔類或块類之氫珍燒化作用, 人物广Γ合物存在下之酮之氫錢化作用,或在鎳 口物存在下之烯烴之氫氰化作用。 t據申請專利範圍第7項之通式⑴有機金屬錯合物,装 或㈣之氫錢化仙❹㈣合物之存在 其 其在錯 58500-931026.doc -3 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4规格(210X297公釐)
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US8648205B2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2014-02-11 | The University Of Akron | Metal complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes |
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CN102027001A (zh) * | 2007-06-20 | 2011-04-20 | 新加坡科技研究局 | N-杂环卡宾金属环催化剂和方法 |
EP2217260B1 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2016-11-09 | Ben-Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority | Amphiphilic peptide matrices for treatment of osteoporosis |
US20130131344A1 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2013-05-23 | Basf Se | Organo-metallic frameworks derived from carbenophilic metals and methods of making same |
GB201009656D0 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2010-07-21 | Univ St Andrews | Carboxylation catalysts |
CN102503963B (zh) * | 2011-09-13 | 2014-04-23 | 江西师范大学 | 一种锌金属-有机配位聚合物及其制备方法 |
CN103833652A (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-04 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 三氮唑类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 |
CN104098607B (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-04-20 | 苏州大学 | 含三环己基膦的单膦单氮杂环卡宾镍(ii)配合物及其应用 |
CN106660030A (zh) | 2014-08-12 | 2017-05-10 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | 氢化硅烷化反应催化剂 |
KR20170042648A (ko) | 2014-08-12 | 2017-04-19 | 고쿠리쓰다이가쿠호진 규슈다이가쿠 | 하이드로실릴화 반응 촉매 |
JP6761997B2 (ja) | 2014-08-19 | 2020-09-30 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | ヒドロシリル化鉄触媒 |
EP3406616B1 (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2022-06-29 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Novel isocyanide compound and hydrosilylation reaction catalyst |
DE102016206303A1 (de) * | 2016-04-14 | 2017-10-19 | Technische Universität Berlin | Katalysator zur Hydroformylierung von Olefinen und dessen Verwendung |
CN106140299A (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-11-23 | 杭州师范大学 | 一种羧酸金属盐-n-杂环卡宾铑配合物一体化催化剂及其制备方法与应用 |
FR3058140A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-04 | Universite Paris-Sud | Catalyseurs supportes cycliques |
CN109939737B (zh) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-02-23 | 清华大学 | 卡宾钴催化剂、其制备方法及其在催化氢化醛和酮化合物中的应用 |
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DE2847441A1 (de) * | 1978-11-02 | 1980-05-22 | Basf Ag | Imidazol-kupferkomplexverbindungen |
DE4447066A1 (de) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-07-04 | Hoechst Ag | Heterocyclische Carbene enthaltende Metallkomplexverbindungen |
DE4447070A1 (de) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-07-04 | Hoechst Ag | Komplexverbindungen der Lanthanoiden mit heterocyclischen Carbenen |
DE19610908A1 (de) * | 1996-03-20 | 1997-09-25 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung heterocyclischer Carbene |
DE19611629A1 (de) * | 1996-03-25 | 1997-10-02 | Hoechst Ag | Heterocyclische Carbene enthaltende Metallkomplexe als Katalysatoren für C-C-Verknüpfungen |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1152037C (zh) | 2004-06-02 |
FR2778916A1 (fr) | 1999-11-26 |
ES2192046T3 (es) | 2003-09-16 |
PL344286A1 (en) | 2001-10-22 |
DE69906723D1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
EP1080098A1 (fr) | 2001-03-07 |
ZA200006724B (en) | 2002-10-30 |
DE69906723T2 (de) | 2004-02-05 |
JP2002515507A (ja) | 2002-05-28 |
SK17572000A3 (sk) | 2001-08-06 |
CN1306538A (zh) | 2001-08-01 |
UA57142C2 (uk) | 2003-06-16 |
EP1080098B1 (fr) | 2003-04-09 |
RU2188202C1 (ru) | 2002-08-27 |
CZ20004301A3 (cs) | 2001-09-12 |
US6492525B1 (en) | 2002-12-10 |
WO1999060004A1 (fr) | 1999-11-25 |
KR20020005366A (ko) | 2002-01-17 |
KR100450102B1 (ko) | 2004-09-24 |
CA2333186A1 (fr) | 1999-11-25 |
FR2778916B1 (fr) | 2000-06-30 |
JP3599669B2 (ja) | 2004-12-08 |
BR9910631A (pt) | 2001-01-30 |
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