TW555843B - Composition that can be used as a refrigerant - Google Patents
Composition that can be used as a refrigerant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW555843B TW555843B TW090119692A TW90119692A TW555843B TW 555843 B TW555843 B TW 555843B TW 090119692 A TW090119692 A TW 090119692A TW 90119692 A TW90119692 A TW 90119692A TW 555843 B TW555843 B TW 555843B
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- composition
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- dme
- oil
- heat transfer
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/11—Ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/50—Medical uses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
555843 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印奴 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 本發明之標的是一種包括五氟乙烷,1,1,1,2 -四氟乙烷,及二甲醚之組成物,它在冷凍及/或空氣調 節中之用途及含彼之熱傳系統。 熱傳系統包括例如冰箱,熱泵及空氣調節系統。 在此種裝置中,合適沸點之冷凍劑在低壓下蒸發,自 第一周圍媒介(或區)帶走熱。因此所形成之蒸汽而後使 用一壓縮機來壓縮,而後通入冷凝機中,其中它轉變成液 態,使熱釋入第二周圍區。由此冷凝之液體而後流入減低 機中,在其出口,轉變成液汽雙相混合物,此混合物最終 導入蒸發器中,其中液體再次在低壓下蒸發而完成此循環 〇 用來壓縮蒸汽且循環流體所需之機械能藉馬達或藉內 燃引擎來提供。正如在任何機械裝置中者,移動的部分需 要被合適地潤滑。所用之潤滑劑形成熱傳系統的整合部份 且經由長期保持合適的潤滑而管理其效能及其壽命。 特別地,在每一次通過壓縮機時,冷凍劑會與在其移 動部分上所存在之潤滑劑接觸而易於帶出一些潤滑劑,此 潤滑劑在其循環中伴者冷凍劑且因此會在蒸發器中被發現 。現在,後者通常會變成低溫,在此點上,潤滑劑的粘度 特別高,此意味此潤滑劑有累積在蒸發器中且因此不能再 返回壓縮器的危險,此種返回在本文中稱爲'^油之返回〃 〇 因此,若此種油之返回不足,在壓縮機之移動部分上 所存之潤滑劑的量無法隨著時間保持恆定,因此,衝擊該 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) I------裝---J--J_ 訂----- ----. (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -4- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印災 555843 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 壓縮機之合適操作及其壽命。 R - 2 2或單氯二氟甲院是在熱傳應用,包括固定空 氣調節,商用及工業用冷凍及熱泵中廣受使用之H C F C (氫氯氟碳)型冷凍劑。現在有很多供R - 2 2所設計之 熱傳系統;所用之潤滑劑是礦油或烷基苯油,因爲它們適 於R - 2 2,特別是就油之返回而言。 雖然R - 2 2具有極低之臭氧消耗潛能(下文已知爲 〇 D Ρ ),然而其用途也受到限制,且基於HFCs (氫 氟碳)之新產品已發展,這些就同溫臭氧層而言是特別有 益的,因HFCs具有零ODP。 在這些產物中,R - 4 0 7 C已特別被發展以代替空 氣調節之應用。這產品是R—3 2,R— 1 2 5,R -1 3 4 a以2 3/2 5/5 2/wt%之比例結合而得之 混合物。R — 32是二氟甲烷之一般商業用語,R — 125是五氟乙烷,且R— 134a指明1 ,1 ,1 ,2 —四氟乙烷。R — 4 0 7 C具有極類似於R - 2 2之熱動 力性質。因此,R — 407C可以用在用來運轉R—22 之舊系統中,因此在轉變這些舊系統之程序的背景中,使 得HC F C流體可被HF C流體(在同溫臭氧層方面是安 全的)的取代。所關心之熱動力性質對精於此技藝者是習 知的且特別是冷凍容量,效能係數(或C〇P ),冷凝壓 力,蒸發壓力及蒸餾範圍(或滑動)。 冷凍容量代表對特定壓縮機而言藉冷凍劑可得之冷凍 力。爲取代R - 2 2,使得流體之冷凍容量高且接近R - I-------裝---i---訂----- 费——I (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -5- 555843 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(3 ) 2 2者是必要的。 C〇P表明所傳遞之冷凍能量對應用至壓縮機以壓縮 蒸汽態之冷凍劑的能量的比例。在取代R - 2 2之背景中 ,低於R - 2 2之流體的C Ο P値是合適的,若設備之電 力消耗增加可被接受。 最後,冷凝壓力和蒸發壓力指明在冷凍循環之相關機 械部分上流體所賦與之應力。在供R - 2 2所設計之冷凍 系統中,能取代R - 2 2之流體之冷凝和蒸發壓力必須不 顯著高於R-22者。 除了例外以外(共沸混合物),流體混合物對特定壓 力而言,並不會在恆溫下沸騰,不像純物質。沸騰之開始 及結束間之溫差(亦已知爲滑動)管制交換器之操作。在 取代R - 2 2之內容中,想要低的滑動値其接近R -4 0 7 C之滑動値。 然而,這些新的HF C基產物(特別是R - 4 0 7 C ),就潤滑機械部分而言,並不與在R - 2 2操作之系統 中所用之礦油或烷基苯油相容’特別是因爲缺之油的返回 。它們因此需要使用聚醇酯(P〇E )或聚伸烷基二醇( P A G )型之新油。 在很多現存之用來操作R - 2 2之熱傳系統中,用具 有類似的熱動力效能和零臭氧消耗潛勢的流體代替R -2 2因此除了取代冷凍劑之外,會包含改變潤滑油及甚至 可能地改變冷凍循環之某些元件如連接管線及密封。此種 轉化程序對於某些廣泛分佈之壓縮硬體(bard wore),如 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· -項再填寫太 —訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X29*7公釐) -6 - 555843 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ________B7__ 五、發明説明(4 ) 經密封之壓縮機而言實際上是不可能的。無論如何,這是 耗時,費工且昂貴之操作,特別是爲了要除去所有的舊油 ,此系統需用新油沖洗數次。 歐洲專利申請案E P 〇 6 3 8 6 2 3提及一種幾乎是 共沸的組成物,其由5至20%R125,75至90% R - 1 3 4 a及1至5%二甲醚(下文稱DME)組成。 此組成物據稱可作爲R - 502 (其爲48 · 8%R -22 (CHC1F2)及 51 · 2%R- 155 ( C C 1 F 2 C F 3 )之混合物)的代替品。然而特別是在空 氣調節中它並不適於代替R - 2 2。 本發明之目的是要克服這些不同的缺點。 本發明之標的首先且最重要的是一種組成物,其實質 由 55 — 94%R— 125,2 · 5 至 35%R— 134 a及3 · 5至25%DME所組成。實質上由60至85 %R— 125,10 至 32%R— 134a,及 5 至 8% D Μ E組成之組成物是有利的。在本文中所給之百分比除 非另有指明,否則是指重量百分比。 此組成物在很多不同應用中,特別是空氣調節中可以 取代R - 2 2。此外,它有利地具有熱動力效能而使其能 在用以運轉R - 2 2之熱傳設備中無缺點地取代R - 2 2 ,特別地使油之返回能遠佳於R - 4 0 7 C者,當所用之 油確實地是礦油或烷基苯油時。因此,在轉換現有之對R - 2 2操作的硬體的程序中無需改變油,不像當以R 一 4 0 7 C取代R - 2 2時之狀況。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 蜂 項再填· 裝· 訂 ,·線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 555843 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(5 ) 以下特定組成物是特別有利的。 -R-125 : 6 3.5% R-134a: 31.5% DME: 5% -R-125 : 7 3.5% R-134a: 2 1% DME : 5.5% -R-125 : 82% R-134a: 12% DME: 6% 此 二 ::組成物 之 最後者甚至是更 有 利 的。 依本發明之 組 成物因此在供R — 2 2所設 計 且 包括 礦 油和烷 基苯油作 爲 潤滑油之熱傳系 統 中作爲冷 凍 劑 °本 發 明之另 — -標的是 此 用途。供R — 2 2 所 設計之 熱 傳 系統 包 括冷凍 ]路,其 機 械部分(特別是 蒸 發 器和冷 凝 器 )與 在 其冷凍 循環期間 由 R — 2 2所賦與 之 壓 力所致 的 應 力會 相 容。 此組成物(其爲本發明之標的)可以藉精於此技藝者 習知之方法,如以所要之比例在液態中混合其成份之每一 者而製備。 此組成物(其爲本發明之標的)之另一優點是它與聚 合物相容,此聚合物常用來在對R - 2 2操作之冷凍迴路 中製作密封或連接管線。這些聚合物是例如E P D Μ (乙 烯—丙烯—二烯三聚物),Hypalon 1 ® (氯磺醯化之聚 乙烯),氯丁橡膠® (聚氯丁二烯),Viton® (六氟丙烯/ 偏氟乙烯共聚物),耐綸一 6,6 (PA— 6,6),聚 對酞酸伸乙酯(PET)和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。 本發明最後之標的是一種熱傳系統,其供r _ 2 2而 設計且包括如上定義之組成物作爲冷凍劑。 在此系統中所用之潤滑劑有利地是礦油或烷基苯油。 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X29*7公釐) ------ I------丨"^·"裝----„--.丨訂-----·線1 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 555843 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(6 ) 熱傳系統是冷凍系統,空氣調節系統或熱栗。空氣調 節系統是最有利的。 以下所給實例純粹用來說明本發明且絕不企圖限制其 範圍 實例1 — 8 依本發明之不同組成物被製備且受到以下測試。 a )油之返回 5克礦油之裝料被引入一經冷凍之旋管(1 )中,此 旋管置於0 t下之低溫保持器(2 )中。 此旋管在上游端,經由一配備有關閉閥(3 )和壓力 感應器(4)之管’連接至一圓筒(5),此圓筒含有欲 測試之依本發明的組成物,配備有一浸管且置於3 〇 °C之 浴中。 此旋管在下游方向藉一配備有調節閥(6 )和關閉閥 (7 )之管而連續,該管到達一置於6 0 °C下之加熱浴中 的收集圓筒(8 )的底部。來自收集塔上部之管配備有一 氣體量計(9 )。 在圖1中所述之迴路代表一接近蒸發器之迴路,且油 之返回包括測量置於旋管中被冷凍劑帶走之油裝料的分率 依本發明之欲測試之組成物流藉開始時打開關閉閥( 7 ),接著是關閉閥(3 ),以約1 m 3 / h 0 °C之流速 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) --------裝----1.---訂--------J. (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -9- 555843 A7 B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 且在1大氣壓下,經由上述迴路,且特別是經由含油裝料 之旋管而循環3 0分鐘。 在測試結束時,將圓筒(8 )中所收集之油量測重。 ''油之返回〃的收集比率(以百分比表示)等於所收 集之油重量除以起初置於旋管中之油裝料。 b )熱動力效能 依本發明之組成物的效能在一冷凍圈(loop)中評估, 其操作條件是:0 °C之蒸發溫度,1 5 °C之壓縮機輸入溫 度,4 0°C之冷凝溫度及在5 K之冷凝器出口處液體之超 冷。 所製備之R— 1 2 5,R— 1 3 4 a及DME含量, 同著在此二測試中所得之結果收集於以下表1中。藉由參 考,R— 2 2和R - 407 C之結果也顯示。 可見到:所說明之組成物具有與R - 2 2類似之冷凍 容量,同時具有一 COP,此COP與R — 407C者保 持相同大小。因此,它們在空氣調節或冷凍應用中適合作 爲R - 2 2之代替品。 此外,它們提供油之返回及因此與供R 一 2 2所用之 礦油有改良的相容性且具有低於R - 2 2者之蒸發和冷凝 壓力’此證實它們用來供設備之簡化轉化的可能性。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填· :寫本頁} 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -10- 555843 A7 B7 五、發明説明(8 ) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 3 R-407 C OQ 04 CO CN 23.6 3330 5.60 \ < r- 寸 C0 CN 04 1 100 3400 ο 寸 r-H o 〇 〇〇 cn 1—( 2840 5.58 13.9 1~i 寸 卜 〇 r-H CO ON 2610 ο 卜 12.4 VO CO 6.4 C<1 uo OO oo 2430 5.80 CO 1—H r-H CO CO T—Η υο CNl C<l cs 卜 2630 1 5.76 1 12.3 v〇 CO ON un 寸 12.5 uo Cvl oo CN 3000 1 5,59 1 14.6 寸 寸 οα 卜 CO VO CO cs oo ON CO 3110 5.49 un H 卜 寸 C<l 卜 CM ιο p· i CN 73.5 2980 1 5.54 1 r- 寸 r—H 寸 寸 CN r- r—< … f—H CO 63.5 <N cn 2840 5.60 13.8 τ—Η 寸 oo v〇 實例 組成物 質量(%) DME R-134A R-125 CN CO 1 CN Cvl 1 油之返回 (%) DU 征 揆 冷凍容量 (kJ/m3) COP /^v u c3 Xi T3 C o o Pevap(bar) 滑動(K) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 555843
A B 表2 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(9 ) 實例9 一般與R — 2 2同用之聚合物的化學相容性: 在這些樣品在6 0°C下之不銹鋼壓熱器室中與實例3 之組成物接觸1周之前及之後測量由這些聚合物所作之固 定大小的測試樣品的長度及它們的抗張強度(依AFNOR ( 1’ Association Francaise de Normalisation 標準 NFT46002 之 Η 2型測試樣品)。此室塡充以冷凍劑至測試樣品整個浸 在液體中之程度。 結果列於下表2中。 聚合物 長度變 二(% ) 抗張強度變化(%) 實例3 R-22 實例3 R-22 EPDM 0 -0.2 -4.5 0 Hypalon® 1.5 1.6 -4.8 -14.9 Neoprene® -0.8 •1.5 7.2 -11.9 Viton® 3 2.9 -16 -25.9 PA-6,6 -0.5 0.3 24.2 -11.4 PET -0.1 -0.5 -1.2 -47.5 PTFE 0.9 1.4 0.9 -13.4 主要元件對照 1 經冷凍之旋管 2 低溫保持器 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS )八4規格(210X:297公釐) -------i^w— ^---- J---訂-----線 J---1 、 鑛 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -12- 555843 A7 B7 五、發明説明(10 ) 3 關閉閥 4 壓力感應器 5 圓筒 6 調節閥 7 關閉閥 8 收集圓筒 9 氣體量計 ϋϋ· am— ml —m 1 ft—^ϋ ϋϋ i^ifl ΒΙ_ϋ_1«ϋϋ· ϋι mu、一一-心 mu Km —ϋϋ —ϋ I 费一i (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -13-
Claims (1)
- 中請專利範圍 丨[#件^]第901 1 9692號專利申請案修正後無劃線之 中文申請專利範圍替·換幸… 民國 修正㈣作補冕 修正 2 • 一種組成物,其基本上是由5 5至Π % R — ,2 · 5 至 35%R— 134a 及 3 · 5 至 25% 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 D Μ E所組成。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其基本上是由 6〇 至 85%R—125,10 至 32%R— 134a 及 5至8 % D Μ E所組成。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其係選自 以下所列示者: Ί 1 25: 63. 七125: 73. Ί125: 4 .如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其係由 82%R - 125 ,12%R— 134a 及 6%DME 所 組成。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其係於爲 R〜2 2所設計之熱傳系統中作爲冷凍劑。 6 ·如申請專利範圍第5項之組成物,其中該熱傳系 統包括礦油或烷基苯油作爲潤滑劑。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第5項之組成物,其中該熱傳系 統爲空氣調節系統。 ’ 63.5% R-134a: 3 1 . 5 % DME: 5% 73.5% R-134a: 2 1% DME: 5.5% 82% R-1 3 4 a: 12% DME: 6% 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X29*7公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1T
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EP (1) | EP1184438B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002105441A (zh) |
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AU (1) | AU776241B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2356678C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60101031T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1184438T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2210106T3 (zh) |
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MX (1) | MXPA01008873A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20014178L (zh) |
TW (1) | TW555843B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ298309B6 (cs) | 1997-07-15 | 2007-08-22 | E.I.Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Chladicí kompozice a její použití |
US7258813B2 (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2007-08-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant composition |
WO2004003098A2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-08 | Goble George H | Nonflammable, nonozone depleting, refrigerant mixtures suitable for use in mineral oil |
GB0223724D0 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2002-11-20 | Rhodia Organique Fine Ltd | Refrigerant compositions |
KR101126495B1 (ko) | 2002-11-29 | 2012-03-29 | 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 | 냉각기 냉매 |
US7910017B2 (en) * | 2003-11-14 | 2011-03-22 | Paratherm Corporation | Low temperature heat transfer fluid composition comprising alkylbenzene and dibutyl ether |
KR100669091B1 (ko) | 2006-07-04 | 2007-01-16 | 함윤식 | 근공비성 3원 혼합냉매 |
ES2333193B1 (es) | 2008-04-03 | 2010-12-10 | Advanced Ideas, S.L. | Composicion util como fluido refrigerante y su uso en un sistema de transferencia de calor. |
US20150353801A1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-12-10 | Bluon Energy, LLC | Heat Transfer Fluids, Systems, Efficiencies and Methods |
JP7207264B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-01 | 2023-01-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 冷却液組成物及び冷却システム |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5409962A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1995-04-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Substantially constant boiling blowing agent compositions of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and dimethyl ether |
EP0882761B1 (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 2004-10-20 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic composition of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and dimethyl ether |
JP2792191B2 (ja) * | 1990-04-04 | 1998-08-27 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷 媒 |
DE69118208T2 (de) * | 1990-07-26 | 1996-09-05 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington, Del. | Quasi-azeotrope Mischungen zur Verwendung als Kältemittel |
US5277834A (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1994-01-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Near-azeotropic blends for use as refrigerants |
NL9300834A (nl) * | 1993-05-14 | 1994-12-01 | Bernardina Carolina Maria Enge | Koelinrichting. |
US5736062A (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1998-04-07 | Ausimont S.P.A. | Azeotrope-like mixtures utilizable as refrigerating fluids |
IT1270960B (it) * | 1993-08-13 | 1997-05-26 | Ausimont Spa | Miscele ternarie quasi azeotropiche con fluidi refrigeranti |
US5417871A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1995-05-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrofluorocarbon compositions |
US6251300B1 (en) * | 1994-08-03 | 2001-06-26 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation | Refrigerator oil compositions and fluid compositions for refrigerator |
US5746933A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1998-05-05 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. | Lubricating oil and composition for refrigerating machine, and refrigerating machine |
JP4112645B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-05 | 2008-07-02 | 出光興産株式会社 | 圧縮型冷凍機用潤滑油 |
US5954995A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1999-09-21 | Goble; George H. | Drop-in substitutes for 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) refrigerant |
-
2000
- 2000-09-04 FR FR0011229A patent/FR2813610B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-08-06 AT AT01402112T patent/ATE252625T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-08-06 EP EP01402112A patent/EP1184438B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-06 ES ES01402112T patent/ES2210106T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-06 DK DK01402112T patent/DK1184438T3/da active
- 2001-08-06 DE DE60101031T patent/DE60101031T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-10 TW TW090119692A patent/TW555843B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-08-21 JP JP2001250274A patent/JP2002105441A/ja active Pending
- 2001-08-28 NO NO20014178A patent/NO20014178L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-29 US US09/940,634 patent/US6511610B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-08-31 CA CA002356678A patent/CA2356678C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-03 AU AU65625/01A patent/AU776241B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-09-03 MX MXPA01008873A patent/MXPA01008873A/es active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU6562501A (en) | 2002-03-07 |
US6511610B2 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
NO20014178D0 (no) | 2001-08-28 |
ES2210106T3 (es) | 2004-07-01 |
CA2356678C (fr) | 2009-05-26 |
DE60101031T2 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
JP2002105441A (ja) | 2002-04-10 |
EP1184438B1 (fr) | 2003-10-22 |
EP1184438A1 (fr) | 2002-03-06 |
DK1184438T3 (da) | 2004-02-23 |
ATE252625T1 (de) | 2003-11-15 |
FR2813610B1 (fr) | 2002-10-18 |
DE60101031D1 (de) | 2003-11-27 |
US20020050583A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
AU776241B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
NO20014178L (no) | 2002-03-05 |
FR2813610A1 (fr) | 2002-03-08 |
MXPA01008873A (es) | 2004-11-10 |
CA2356678A1 (fr) | 2002-03-04 |
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