TW553818B - Extruder with blister - Google Patents
Extruder with blister Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW553818B TW553818B TW090103454A TW90103454A TW553818B TW 553818 B TW553818 B TW 553818B TW 090103454 A TW090103454 A TW 090103454A TW 90103454 A TW90103454 A TW 90103454A TW 553818 B TW553818 B TW 553818B
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- Prior art keywords
- screw
- extruder
- scope
- wall
- patent application
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Links
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001481760 Erethizon dorsatum Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
- B29C48/683—Barrels or cylinders for more than two screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/485—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with three or more shafts provided with screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/487—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with consecutive casings or screws, e.g. for feeding, discharging, mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
- B29B7/489—Screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/84—Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
- B29B7/845—Venting, degassing or removing evaporated components in devices with rotary stirrers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/268—Throttling of the flow, e.g. for cooperating with plasticising elements or for degassing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/425—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders using three or more screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/435—Sub-screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/435—Sub-screws
- B29C48/44—Planetary screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
553818 A7 ---B7 五、發明說明(]) 發明領域 (請先閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁) 本發明有關於一擠壓器,特別是能處理熔化的聚合物 的擠壓器,它的擠壓空間被安排在一擠壓管中,至少一擠 壓螺桿貫通擠壓管,擠壓螺桿能被一馬達轉動,螺桿至少 有一段是柱形’擠壓空間至少有一段以等距方式包住螺桿 的柱形段而界定一環形間隙以當作一限制流區,以設定熔 化的聚合物的壓力。 發明背景 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 這樣的限制流區還被稱爲氣孔(b 1 i s t e r )並能設定在 擠壓器中被處理的熔化的聚合物的壓力。在限制流區的下 游’混合劑被摻入膨脹的熔化的聚合物並當作脫模劑。氣 孔的效用極依賴在擠壓螺桿的柱形部及擠壓管的內壁之間 的環形間隙。實際上,此間隙經常是約3毫米。最佳間隙 對擠壓器的尺寸的依賴小於對所處理的材料的特性(溫度 、黏度)的依賴。依先前技術,間隙的改變常涉及螺桿或 螺桿的柱形段(在限制流區)的改變。因此,不同材料的 處理要求螺桿被改變,以設定最佳可能處理條件。在不穩 定態處理的例子中,氣孔的環形間隙的最佳尺寸改變,直 到無可能方勻以最佳化環形間隙。特別在起動作業中(擠 壓器未達固定運作溫度),熱膨脹的不同程度可能帶來氣 孔的有效間隙的改變。至今尙不可能以最佳方式處理此問 題。 DE 1 9 8 31 540 A1揭不部分改變一 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) :4 - *—_丨丨丨 — 553818 A7 B7 五、發明說明(2) 封閉的流道橫剖面(其內部形狀是以一移動件形成,例如 管形)的設備。流道是一擠壓模的部分,能從可流的組成 製造一管。此設備有若干外調整件(其形是銷),能由外 向內調整它們,還有至少一套管,套管的壁厚最大是1毫 米,能用可調的銷使套管向內變形。在流道中的移動件可 能同樣有一套管,套管有小壁厚,能用若干支持件(能在 錐形支持面上軸向移動)使套管向外變形。如此·,在薄流 道壁的區域中,能以特別選擇的方式縮小流道橫剖面。此 已知的設備的缺點是可調的銷及可動的支持件不允許遍及 流道的橫剖面的均句形變’因只能以點行(punctiform)或 當地限制方式施變形力。形變所用的元件數愈大,形變就 愈均勻,但啓動這些元件所需的努力也愈大。另一缺點是 熔化的聚合物的壓力不可避免地勝過調整所用的元件的力 而使套管的薄壁變形。結果,不可能在完全不受負荷的狀 態的幾何條件下用此設備。 發明槪述 本發明的一目的是發展在開頭描述的型式的擠壓器, 不要求擠壓器的任何重大改變,就是可能達成在氣孔的區 域中的運作的最佳模式,即使要處理不同材料或材料特性 改變。氣孔的調整所需的努力愈少愈好。 爲達成此目的,在擠壓器的例子中,以從外部能調整 的力,以選擇的方式,改變環形間隙,擠壓管的面及/或 螺桿的彈性形變。爲此目的,本發明提供一液壓單元,以 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公愛) -----------裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 553818 A7 B7 五、發明說明(3) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 提供在限制流區中的面形變所需的力’施力於擠壓管的內 面或在螺桿的表面,或施力於二者’ 一液壓室被安排在限 制流區中,限制流管在有氣孔的管段的壁中。液壓室在面 向擠壓空間的一側上有比擠壓空間的壁厚度小很多的壁厚 度。此壁因它的小厚度而被稱爲膜壁。 液壓室被提供在擠壓管中而不在螺桿上。這樣做的理 由是:因有關的密封問題,提供液壓媒體給在螺桿上的液 壓室比提供液壓媒體給在擠壓管(完全不能動)上的液壓 室難。 把本發明用在單螺桿擠壓器(有單純圓形擠壓空間’ 以致氣孔是環形)中,有優勢。在液壓室中的液壓允許膜 壁以極均勻形狀變形到所要的程度。能極迅速且輕易地控 制所要的設定,因重要的是液壓及在擠壓空間中之壓力的 差異。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 然而,把本發明用在雙螺桿擠壓器中,也有優勢。在 這些擠壓器中,擠壓空間是由兩條縱向孔形成,至少在擠 壓管的長度的部分中,這些縱向孔部分重疊,這樣的擠壓 空間因此被稱爲雙孔(spectacle-bore )。被安排在此雙孔 中的是兩根被驅達同向或反向轉的螺軸,此二螺桿各至少 有一柱形段。此二螺桿的柱形段並排。若不把液壓室安排 在擠壓螺桿上,卻是在擠壓管的內面上(亦即在雙孔中) ,則吾人建議別把液壓室做成繞完全的室,卻把液壓室做 成兩個分開的室,它們鏡像對稱,每個室繞一條縱向孔的 圓周的大部分,二中間部分開。結果,有二縱向孔的過渡 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 553818 A7 B7 五、發明說明(4) 區中,兩個室不連續。 本發明的一特別有優勢的實施是隻螺桿擠壓器,其提 2特殊管段,不用雙孔’而用兩條完全圓形的(亦即不重 疊的)縱向孔給二螺桿’這些縱向孔的直徑當然小於雙孔 的部分重疊的孔的直徑。完全圓形的縱向孔的直徑對應螺 桿的根直徑,亦即只略大於後者。在此實施例中,在此特 別管段中,在對應雙孔的中間區的位置,有一材料橋於二 縱向孔之間。在此管段中的縱向孔的面中有一液壓室,其 完全繞行,就像在單螺桿擠壓器中。此解決方案允許沿環 形間隙的整個周邊的完全均勻設定。縱向孔的液壓室能彼 此分開,但還可能直接相連。 既然螺桿的有刮板的部分的直徑大於完全縱向孔的直 徑,在組合中前者就不會伸入後者。因此,管段須屬分開 的設計(液壓也須分開),或螺桿分爲若干軸向部並以插 入連接器予以連接。還可能用若干有中心通孔的螺絲元件 ,這些螺絲元件從後者的兩端被推入擠壓管,並以貫穿中 心通孔的張力桿使這些螺絲元件依序彼此連接。 吾人建議把氣孔的壓力室安排在擠壓管的一個環形零 件中,此環形零件的長度小,小於擠壓空間的內直徑。此 環形零件以凸緣連接而連到擠壓管的其他零件。 把壓力室做成焊接的結構,有利於製造加工。在此例 中,焊接部是在膜壁的外側,以盡可能避免膜壁進入焊料 的熱影響的區,這可能改變材料特性。 膜壁應能承接至少1 0 0巴的壓力,宜至少承受 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -----------裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一·. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 553818 A7 B7 五、發明說明(5) 1 5 0巴的壓力。應確保在液壓室中的液壓施於膜壁的力 只造成膜壁的彈性形變。又,負荷應在臨界挫曲負荷之下 ,以避免在膜壁上有波狀形變。這是因它表示氣孔的有效 尺寸的變化。實際上,膜壁的厚度是0·5到3毫米,宜 爲1至2毫米。然而,這些數字非限制。原則上,形變的 程度不只取決於膜壁的厚度及在液壓室中的壓力,還受膜 壁的軸向長度(亦即在螺桿的軸線的方向中的壓力室的程 度)嚴重影響。膜壁愈長,則在相同壓力下的形變愈大。 把本發明用在後述擠壓器中特別有優勢:依材料流的 方向,在氣孔的下游安排多螺桿擠壓段。此多螺桿擠壓段 可能被做成行星擠壓段。 依本發明提供一氣孔給一擠壓器,允許以能由外調整 的力造成的彈性形變而在以簡單的選擇的方式無問題地改 變環形間隙的有效尺寸,就可能在最佳處理條件下處理不 同材料而不必更換螺桿,只要其餘螺桿元件適合材料。在 不穩態處理條件中,可能在運作中選擇氣孔的最佳尺寸並 實現它。在本發明的氣孔中,以液壓室及膜壁,就可能藉 簡單預設在液壓室中的液壓或此液壓與在擠壓空間中的壓 力的差異。 圖式簡沭 圖1顯示一擠壓器,一行星齒輪被設在中部。 圖2顯示一氣孔,此氣孔有液壓室。 圖3顯示擠壓管的部分,此部分有一液壓室。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -----------•-裝—— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員Η消費合作社印製 553818 A7 B7____ 五、發明說明(6) ®4是本發明的雙螺桿擠壓器的擠壓管的橫剖圖。 圖5顯示圖4的實施例的變化。 對照表 1 :管段 3 :軸頸 5 :柱形殻段 7a,7b:行星齒輪 9 :行星齒輪軸 1 1 :單螺桿擠壓區 1 3 :添加劑進給器 1 5 :泡 1 7 :環形間隙 1 9 :壁 2 2 :通道 2 4 a,2 4 b :室 26a,26b :連接區 2 :螺桿 4 :擠壓空間 6 :豪豬 8:行星齒輪擠壓段 1 0 a,1 0 b :太陽齒輪 1 2 :擠壓模 1 4 :熔化物進給器 1 6 :氣孔 1 8 :液壓室 2 0 :環形零件 2 3 :液壓連接部 25a,25b :縱向孔 (請先閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 發明詳述 圖1的擠壓器有一擠壓管,一螺桿2貫穿擠壓管的全 長。螺桿2有軸頸3,軸頸3有固定鍵,一馬達(未被描 繪)能經一齒輪機構(未被描繪)轉動螺桿2。管段1包 住擠壓空間4的部分,管段1直接連到齒輪機構,且其表 面在直徑上對應螺桿2的外直徑。管段1有一熔化物進給 ^r-- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 553818 A7 B7 五、發明說明(7) 器1 4的一連管。結果,把材料以熔化狀’非粒狀或粉狀 ,送入擠壓器。緊接著螺桿2的螺絲,一氣孔1 5也被安 排在管段1之中,氣孔1 5形成一限制流區’以致熔化物 隨時充滿在氣孔1 5的下游的擠壓空間4的部分。螺桿2 的一短段5界定氣孔1 5,氣孔1 5是環形。在短段5的 兩側的是螺桿2的二錐形部。以下更詳細討論氣孔1 5的 設計。 安排在擠壓管1段中,在氣孔1 5的下游的是一添加 物進給器1 3的連管,舉例而言,水透過此連管噴到擠壓 空間4,結果,噴到熔化物。在氣孔1 5的下游,螺桿2 被設計成作所謂的豪豬6,亦即有若干針狀混合件從螺桿 2輻向伸出。在擠壓空間4中,形成許多氣孔在熔化物中 。熔化物隨後移入一行星齒輪擠壓段8,它的兩根行星軸 被畫出。兩根行星軸9的末端分別被設在行星齒輪機構的 行星齒輪7 a及7 b之中,二太陽齒輪被標爲1 0 a及 10b。太陽齒輪10 a及10b構成螺桿2的部分。熔 化物的脫模發生在行星齒輪擠壓段8之中。被釋放的氣體 能透過一氣孔1 6而逃走。接著行星齒輪擠壓段8的是單 齒輪擠壓段1 1 ,排氣後的熔化物受擠壓力並被迫通過一 擠壓模1 2而移到外界。 圖2顯示本發明的氣孔1 5的細節。只顯示螺桿2的 段5。氣孔1 5的環形零件2 0及液壓室1 8被設計成擠 壓管的短分離元件。液壓室是焊接兩個零件而成。外環件 被當作固態元件而液壓室1 8被加工成內環件。把內環件 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 x 297公釐) ------------裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) . 553818 A7 ____ 五、發明說明(8) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 放入外環件並在兩側沿環形連接間隙焊接’就使液壓室 1 8完全從外界隔離。液壓媒體能透過一供應管(未被描 繪)流入液壓室1 8。向著擠壓空間4,液壓室1 8有一 壁1 9,壁1 9的厚度與擠壓管的厚度比是極小的。在段 5的表面及壁1 9之間形成一小環形間隙,此環形間隙的 尺寸是2或3毫米。環形間隙1 7的尺寸對熔化物壓力的 設定是重要的。既使是這尺寸的小變化,都有極可觀的效 應。爲使螺桿2同軸地躺在此環形間隙1 7之中,並在擠 壓空間4之中,不能以懸臂方式安裝置螺桿,卻須固定其 兩端。把高壓液壓媒體導入液壓室1 8,允許壁1 9依螺 桿2的方向變形。壁1 9依軸向彎。依軸向看,這表示擠 壓空間4的內直徑依壁1 9的方向縮小,且氣孔1 5的環 形間隙1 7亦縮小。既然能在寬的限制之間改變液壓媒體 的壓力,但壓力變化只伴隨壁1 9的形變的小變化,就能 極精確設定環形間隙1 7的有效尺寸。吾人能說這所需的 控制努力是小的。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖3分成兩部分:a及b,a是依軸向切開後所取的 圖,b是零件2 0在其一部分被切開的透視圖。零件2 0 是環形。在其中心的圓形孔是擠壓空間4的部分。在外部 ,零件2 0是有穿孔的凸緣而允許以簡單方式固定到擠壓 管的連接件。異於圖2的實施例,有壁1 9的環形液壓室 1 8非以鏡像對稱,卻有像鞋子的橫剖形狀。這使液壓室 1 8能伸入零件2 0的右方。在此例中,液壓室1 8仍是 焊接的結構。把這些焊接部安排在零件2 0的較厚壁區而 1本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) _ 11 ' 553818 A7 B7 五、發明說明(9) (請先閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁) 不在壁1 9的附近。爲提供液壓媒體給液壓室1 8,把一 液壓連接部2 3設在零件2 0的外部(依輻向)’液壓連 接部2 3透過一通道2 2連到液壓室1 8。在本例中,擠 壓空間4的內直徑是約9 0毫米,壁1 9的厚度是約1毫 米,且有關的零件2 0的液壓室的長度是約3 0毫米。 圖4顯示雙螺桿擠壓器,其擠壓空間4由兩條部份重 疊的縱向孔2 5 a及2 5 b形成。圖4未顯示二螺桿。液 壓室1 9未完全繞擠壓空間4的內面,卻是由室2 4 a及 室2 4 b組成,它們彼此分開並分別繞縱向孔2 5 a及2 5 b的周圍。僅雙孔的中間區2 6 a及2 6 b未被液壓室 1 8佔領。結果,在啓動液壓室1 8時,只有在氣孔的區 域中旳擠壓空間的表面的小部分不變形。然而,這對雙螺 桿擠壓器的流程控制無負面影響。 圖4的實施例的一特定變化被描繪在圖5之中。在此 例中,取代兩條重疊的縱向孔2 5 a及2 5 b,雙螺桿擠 壓器在其擠壓管的一段2 7之中有兩條不重疊的縱向孔 28a及28b ,二者平行。以近似圖2及圖3所示的方 式’液壓室2 9 a及2 9 b分別完全環繞縱向孔2 8 a及 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2 8 b。如圖4所示,液壓供應管未被描繪。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 x 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 553818 0q8899 ABCD 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 1 · 一種擠壓器,特別是用於處理熔化的聚合物,此 擠壓器包括: •一擠壓管,其界定一擠壓空間(4),擠壓空間有 至少一管段(1 ); •至少一螺桿(2 ),螺桿貫穿擠壓空間(4 ),螺 桿被一馬達驅動,螺桿有至少一段(5 ),管段(1 )以 等距方式繞螺桿段(5 )而形成一環形間隙(1 7 ),環 形間隙成爲限制流區(氣孔1 5 ),以設定熔化的聚合物 的壓力; •其中,在限制流區中的環形間隙(1 7 )能以一選 擇的方式予以改變,第一種方式是以能由外調整的力造成 擠空間的內面及/或螺桿的表面的彈性形變,第二種方式 是提供一液壓室(1 8 )在限制流區中,限制流區在管段 (1 )的壁中並/或在螺桿中,液壓室在其面向擠壓空間 (4 )的一側有一壁,此壁的厚度與擠壓空間的壁的厚度 比是很小的,第三種方式是提供一液壓單元以提供表面形 變所需的力。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之擠壓器,其中,擠 壓器是單螺桿擠壓器。 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述之擠壓器,其中,擠 壓器是雙螺桿擠壓器,其用兩根螺桿,互相平行,並同向 或反向在擠壓管中旋轉,擠壓空間是由兩條縱向孔( 2 5 a及2 5 b )至少沿擠壓管的長度的部分重疊。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之擠壓器,其中,液 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Hi衣--------訂---- # 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -13- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 553818 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 壓室(18)被設在管段(1)之中。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第3項所述之擠壓器,其中,液 壓室(18)被分成兩個分開的室(24a及24b), 彼此鏡像對稱,並分別繞縱向孔(2 5 a及2 5 b )的圓 周的大部分,室(24a及24b)被二中間區(26a 及2 6 b )分開。 6 ·如申請專利範圍第3項所述之擠壓器,其中,擠 壓管有一管段(27),管段(27)有兩條完全圓形的 縱向孔(28a及28b),且縱向孔(28a及28b )分別有完全圓形的液壓室(29 a及29b)。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第6項所述之擠壓器,其中,縱 向孔(2 8 a及2 8 b )的直徑只略大於螺桿的根直徑。 8 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述之擠壓器,其中,液 壓室(1 8 )被安排在短長度的分開的環形管段(2 0 ) 之中,環形管段(2 0 )經一凸緣連到擠壓管的其他部分 0 9 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之擠壓器,其中,液 壓室(18,28a及28b)是螺桿的結構。 1 〇 ·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之擠壓器,其中, 焊接部被安排在膜壁(1 9)上,膜壁(1 9)在有較的 壁的區域中。 1 1 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之擠壓器,其中, 膜壁(1 9 )能承受至少1 0 〇巴的壓力差,宣能承受 1 5 0的壓力差。 (請先閱讀背面之注咅?事項再填寫本頁) --------訂--------- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -14- 553818 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 1 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述之擠壓器,其中, 膜壁(19)的厚度約0 · 5到3毫米,宣爲1到2毫米 〇 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項到第1 2項中任意一項 所述之擠壓器,其中,在(1 5 )的下游有至少一段是多 螺桿段,直爲行星齒輪段(8 )。 ----------裝--------訂---------AW. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -15-
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DE10009843A DE10009843B4 (de) | 2000-02-24 | 2000-02-24 | Extruder mit Blister |
DE10061345 | 2000-12-05 |
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US (1) | US6705753B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1257405B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003523849A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1398219A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE50103466D1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW553818B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001062469A1 (zh) |
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- 2001-02-01 CN CN01804674A patent/CN1398219A/zh active Pending
- 2001-02-01 EP EP01911435A patent/EP1257405B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-01 DE DE50103466T patent/DE50103466D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-01 JP JP2001561514A patent/JP2003523849A/ja active Pending
- 2001-02-01 US US10/203,717 patent/US6705753B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-01 WO PCT/DE2001/000486 patent/WO2001062469A1/de active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6705753B2 (en) | 2004-03-16 |
EP1257405A1 (de) | 2002-11-20 |
DE50103466D1 (de) | 2004-10-07 |
CN1398219A (zh) | 2003-02-19 |
US20030012077A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
JP2003523849A (ja) | 2003-08-12 |
WO2001062469A1 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
EP1257405B1 (de) | 2004-09-01 |
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