TW546454B - Heat exchange tube and heat recovery method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger tube made of a sintered compact having pore ratio of 2 to 60%, a heat exchanger tube wherein the outer part thereof is made of a ceramics metal composite, more preferably, a heat exchanger tube wherein a heat resisting alloy tube is covered with a ceramics metal composite in non adhesive condition, and the heat resisting alloy tube and the ceramics metal composite at least partly contact at the interface therebetween. By means of the heat exchanger tubes of the present invention, stable heat recovery can be carried out for a long period of time even under corrosive environment at high temperature such as in a combustion waste gas of industrial waste.

Description

546454 V. Description of the invention (1) [Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field] The present invention relates to a kind of high-temperature exhaust gas generated from burning urban garbage and industrial waste, and the heat is recovered by water vapor and air. Method. [Background Art] At present, water vapor and exhaust gas at a temperature of 40 to 120 degrees Celsius are used when burning urban garbage, coal, sewage sludge, paper sludge, and other industrial waste. Heat recovery tubes that circulate heated fluid, such as air, perform heat recovery, and a heat recovery system that is effectively used for power generation is used. 'However, the exhaust gas generated when burning municipal waste, industrial waste, etc. contains the relationship between hydrogen chloride, which is more corrosive and salty salts such as NaC1, κπ, NajO4, etc., at higher temperatures. Carbon for boilers Heat exchange tubes made of heat-resistant alloys such as steels, alloy steels, stainless steels, and Ni-Co alloys cannot be used at high temperatures, and the heat exchange tubes flowing through them are heated = higher, see, for example, in exchangers, and in The main claim of the Japanese patent application is that the heat produced by the pottery pottery has been proposed to be covered with a pottery pottery film: narrative = heat exchange tube on the outer surface of the No. 2744 () Gazette. The heat exchange tube pottery made of gold and copper = surface = when it is actually lowered. The stacking layer of gas ash and pottery that are deposited in the Er dish is the thermal expansion rate of 89116086.ptd Article 546454 5. Description of the invention (2) Poor And heat-resistant alloy and ^ ~ cracking and peeling ^ & ^ thermal expansion and contraction caused by the difference in expansion rate ft #, fly ash accumulation layer change :::

low. Thick #The heat rate is reduced and the heat exchange rate is J

[Disclosure of the invention] The object of the present invention is to perform stable heat recovery in time, and to recover the method even in a high-temperature corrosion environment. ',,, parent tube replacement and the use of the heat exchange tube ^ This purpose can be achieved by a heat exchange tube made of I Λ body or a metal with a porosity of ^ and a heat exchange tube made by sintering of Taumann ^ ^ f σ is a composite material made of ceramic and metal, especially when the surface layer is formed of the main mouth and mouth material of a heat-resistant alloy tube based on ceramic fish and steel substrate. The surface is connected to at least a portion of the surface. The gold material and the composite material are bounded by a thermal expansion buffer material, or covered by a surface bear outside the heat-resistant alloy tube, and the composite material of ceramic and metal is Join ~, compound, and 4 heat-resistant alloy tubes to wash the swells; $ 1 thermal expansion buffer material and the ^ 1 thermal expansion buffer material and / or heat exchange tube is suitable for 隹 -interface to 4 # 刀 接 [The best centroid length% in which the invention is implemented can be used steadily between °° The applicant is reviewing the high temperature rot == accumulation from the viewpoint of preventing + I γ and preventing the potting of the pottery itself from breaking, Μ Corrupted money ¥ 丨 The heat exchange tube that can be used for a long time. "The eighth porosity of s prevents the accumulation of fly ash. Then understand that if you use a heat exchange tube made of sintered body with 2-60 0", Mons and ceramics, then 89116086.ptd page 6 546454 V. Description of the invention (3) The heat exchange tube can be prevented from containing 2-60% of the exhaust gas produced for the environment. The exhaust gas is made from the pores. When using ceramic and gold to replace the tube, ceramic can improve the heat exchange tube of the ceramic itself. On the other hand, it is necessary to use a part of the heated fluid circulating in the ceramic and the metal to spray the accumulation of fly ash from the pores. At this time, if the porosity is set above 2%, it is not necessary to cause low cost at a special high temperature and pressure; if it exceeds 60%, there is a reason for strong corrosive penetration and the heat exchange tube itself will deteriorate. Part of the fluid is from The method of blowout is to make the pressure of the heated fluid higher than the pressure of the outside of the heat exchange tube. The composite material is made of the sintered body and can maintain excellent money resistance while maintaining excellent money resistance. Yukin The fragility can make it difficult to be excellent in corrosion resistance. In order to prevent the ceramic itself from cracking, for the reasons mentioned above, the heat exchange tubes of which the composite material forms its surface layer, the ceramics in the above composite materials are Can be used such as Ti〇2, Zr〇p

Cr2 03 'Al2O3, Si02, Y2O3, Ce02, Sc2 03 and other oxides, such as BN, MgB2, CaB6, TiB2, ZrB2, A1B2 and other borides, such as b4c, TiC, ZrC, Cr3C2, A14C3, Carbides such as SiC, A1N, TiN, ZrN,

Nitrogen compounds such as CqN, SiA, etc., Nitrogen oxides such as A10N * Si2N2〇, or a mixture of these. Regarding the metal in the composite material, any metal can be used, but it uses A1, A1-Si alloy which is excellent in heat resistance and advantageous in cost.

Al-Mg alloy and the like are preferable.

89116086.ptd Page 7 546454 V. Explanation of the invention (4) " " ~ — Especially when the composite material contains A1, the ceramic contains excellent heat resistance and impact resistance, and A 1 N which is not easy to adhere to fly ash is More ideal. It is convenient to manufacture 上 上 ’simply by heat-treating A1 in the surrounding environment of gas. However, in the case of “Shang Wen Fu #”, it is necessary to make A1N 1-90wt ° / in order to suppress the occurrence of rot residue and cracking. And let (Α1 + Α1Ν) be 50% by weight or more. Adding aiqn of Tao Jing to the composite material made of A1 and A1N makes it more difficult for the fly ash to adhere. However, in this case, it is necessary to make A1N 90% by weight and (A1 + A1N + A10N) to be 50% by weight or more. The so-called A10N is a general term for solid liquids of A1, 〇, N, which means A1u〇16N, A10N, A 1 198 0288 H4, A "7〇39Ν, Al10O3N8, A 19 03 N7, SiAl7〇2N7, Si3Al3 045 N5 Etc. On the surface of the composite material of ceramic and metal, BN, etc. compounds containing B (boron) and Sic, black lead, etc. containing 4 (carbon) compounds are coated or submerged, for example, such as When the thickness is from 1 to 4 〇〇 # m, the adhesion of fly ash can be prevented substantially. Moreover, if the coating and impregnation of the above compounds are carried out regularly, the heat exchange tube can be used stably for a long time. In the case of a hot parent tube replacement, the surface layer portion is formed by using the above composite material, and the inside thereof may be formed by using a conventional heat-resistant alloy tube, for example. The thickness of the composite material portion at this time is preferably set to 3-12 mm due to strength. . 'Using the heat-resistant alloy official as the base and forming the above-mentioned composite material Table 2 = The second composite material of ceramic and metal is used to cover the outer surface of the second-resistant alloy tube in a non-joined state. Thermal expansion at least in the official axis direction Deformation caused by the difference can be more reliably prevented from cracking or peeling composite materials. In addition, the heat-resistant alloy tube and the composite structure is at least in part upon the contact, not so large in the thermal conductivity of the interface ,,

546454 V. Description of the invention (5) The earth, low and high heat, the blessings of ceramics and metals at that time 『丨 & Ding…, there are 1-9wt% A1N and 50 %% \ Material λ is for the reasons described above, and a porosity of 2-60% is appropriate. (A1 + Α1Ν + Α10Ν), and having a surface outside the heat-resistant alloy tube, ′ can make the heat-resistant alloy and compound, for example, it contains 6 or more. The compound can completely relax the tube shaft, and the contact part slides smoothly, and the deformation caused by the difference in heat resistance is generally used. The surface layer material can be formed by using the above composite material to shape the heat-resistant alloy tube and the outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube, and the composite material is, in its interface, and / or a remote thermal expansion buffer material in time, and a thermal expansion buffer material is used. And can be divided into contact structure. Decent deformation.叩 τ alleviates the difference in thermal expansion rate in the direction of the official path. The J Erguan expansion buffer material can use B, C, and ^ as the main cause of wounding fibers, powder m tape, and other e reasons for the above reasons, composite; # 5〇 w «The above Ul + A1N + A1 # n ^ is based on containing 90% by weight of…. Also, it is preferable that the household has a porosity of 2-60%. And ..., the surface of the alloy official is that the compound containing B or C exists in any of the above-mentioned exchanges + ^. Rupture, the production of the tube itself and § Considering sintered bodies and composite materials, the outer diameter is 20-200 = ~ Guide ", and 4, the length is set to the following

, 4f I 4dt _ is and. The cross-sectional shape may be circular or angular, and is not particularly limited. 7 J

546454 V. Description of the invention (6) [Example 1 f] A single-layer structure heat exchange tube No. · 1 having a ceramic and metal composite material 1 having a longitudinal sectional shape and a microstructure as shown in FIG. 1, and It has a longitudinal cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 2, the first layer is a heat-resistant alloy tube 2, the second layer is carbon fiber 3, and the surface layer portion of the third layer is a three-layer structure of a ceramic and metal composite material 1 · 2, and heat exchange tube No. 3 coated with BN on the outer surface of heat exchange tube ν 2 · 3 are installed in the high temperature exhaust gas of 750-950 degrees Celsius in the municipal waste incinerator test plant for heat recovery.

The details of the heat exchange tubes No. 1, 2 are as follows. Heat exchange tube N. 1 Composite material of ceramic and metal: A1 + A1N + A10N 90wt% or more, thickness 4mm, outer diameter · 40mm. Stern tube No. 2 heat-resistant alloy tube: SUS 3 04, thickness 4 _, carbon fiber: thickness 4 _, ceramic and metal composite material: A1 + A1N + A1〇N 90wt% or more, thickness 10 mm, outer diameter: 40 mm . The composition of the exhaust gas from the municipal waste incinerator test plant is 2-16 / 100 (vol, dry, the same below), K1 of 10,000, 5,000 ppm, and

SOx in ppm, C02 in 5-18%, the rest is. Regarding the fluid to be heated in the heat exchange tube, a mixed gas of water vapor with an inlet temperature of 500 ° -400 ° C, air of 120-3 ° C, and waste combustion exhaust gas is used. As a result, it was confirmed that the reduction in thickness of any one of the heat exchange tubes due to corrosion is only small ’A has not cracked, and stable heat recovery can be performed for a long time

546454 V. Description of Invention (7) Receiver. In particular, in the heat exchange tube NO. 3 whose outer surface is coated with βN, the reduction in thickness due to corrosion is reduced to less than 30% of the heat exchange tube rib. [Embodiment 2] A cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 3, and a single-layer structure heat exchange tube No. 4, 5 formed of a ceramic and metal composite material 1 having pores 4 was provided in the same manner as in Embodiment 1. The temperature of the heated fluid is set to be higher than the pressure of the exhaust gas environment in the high-temperature exhaust gas at 750 to 950 degrees Celsius set in the municipal waste incinerator test plant. Part of the fluid is subjected to heat recovery. The details of the heat exchange tubes No. 4, 5 are as follows. Heat exchange tube No. 4 Ceramic and metal composite material: Al + AIN 90wt% or more, thickness 4 mm, porosity 20%, outer diameter: 40 mm. Heat exchange tube N 0.5 Ceramic and metal composite material: A1 + A1N 90wt% or more, thickness 6 mm, porosity 60%, outer diameter: 40 mm. As a result, any kind of heat exchange tube does not have salty fly ash deposited on its surface. When the inlet temperature is 150-400 degrees Celsius, it can be heated to an outlet temperature of 500 degrees Celsius. When 120-300 degrees Celsius, 100 0-50 0 0mmAq air and 100-400_Aq waste combustion gas mixed gas, it can be heated until the outlet temperature reaches about 800 degrees Celsius, with a high degree of heat exchange Rate can implement heat recovery. In addition, when the heat exchange tube No. 5 with a porosity of 60%, the pressure of the fluid to be heated

89116086.ptd Page 11 546454 V. Description of the invention (8) When set to more than 50 0mmAq, the temperature of the outer surface of the heat exchange tube is more than 100 ° C lower than the temperature of the surrounding environment of the exhaust gas. The pressure is preferably set to about 4000 ininAQ. [Example 3] The longitudinal cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIG. 4 and the cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIG. 5. The outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube 2 is covered with a composite material j of ceramic and metal in a non-joined state. In addition, the heat-resistant alloy tube 2 and the composite material 1 are in contact with at least a part of the interface. Therefore, the heat exchange 6-9 having the gap 5 is provided in the same test process of the municipal waste incinerator as in Example 1: 650 ° C- 950 degrees of high temperature exhaust, and heat recovery. The details of the heat exchange tubes No. 6-9 are as follows. Heat exchange tube No. 6 heat-resistant alloy tube: SUS304-1 5A, ceramic and metal composite material: A1 + A1N + A10N 90wt% or more, thickness 5-10 mm, porosity 40%. Heat exchange tube No. 7 heat-resistant alloy tube: SUS304-2 0A, ceramic and metal composite materials: A1 + A1N + A10N 90wt% or more, thickness 6-8 mm, porosity. Heat exchange tube No. 8 °, but the hot alloy tube: SUS304-20A ’outer surface is BN coated, ceramic-less composite material: A1 + A1N + A10N 9 0 w t% or more, thick R. "&Quot; Dianmin again mm, porosity 20%. Heat exchange tube No. 9 and thermal alloy tube: SUS304-20A 'ceramic and metal composite material · A12 03 80 wt% or more + A1, thickness 2_4 mm, pores The rate is 30%. ,,

89116086.ptd Page 12 546454 V. Description of the invention (9) In addition, the composition of the exhaust gas of the municipal waste incinerator test plant is H 6% 〇2 '200-600ppm HC1' max 300 ppm σx, 4 -19% of C02, the rest is N2. As a result, it has been confirmed that the reduction in thickness of any heat exchange tube due to corrosion is small, no cracking occurs, and stable heat recovery can be performed for a long time. Especially in the heat exchange officer No. 8 with M coating on the outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube, the cross-sectional shape did not change after the test, and it was confirmed that the sliding of the M coating and the composite material of ceramics and metal was smooth. . In addition, it can be confirmed that when water vapor having an inlet temperature of 300 to 400 degrees Celsius is used as a heated fluid, an outlet temperature of 500 degrees Celsius or more can be obtained at an outlet temperature of 100 degrees Celsius and an inlet temperature of 120 degrees Celsius is used. 1300 degrees, 10000-50000_ "space = 100 ~ 4-waste gas mixture of mixed gas as the added atmosphere II 'can be heated to the highest [σ] 4] The longitudinal cross-sectional shape ϋ κ-is as shown in FIG. 4, and the cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIG. 5, and the surface is made of a composite material of ceramic and metal 1 with ^ φ " h ^ And the heat-resistant alloy tube 2 and the composite material 1 are, in its boundary 11, the kidney ί / touches the heat exchange tube No. 10, 2, and the same municipal waste incinerator as in Example 1 In the test plant, the reduction of 700-1 000 degrees Celsius of urban waste + ^, gray leisure and Λ 4 minutes oxidation will be arranged in the surrounding% territory, and plutonium recovery will be implemented. The details of the heat exchange tube No.10, U are As follows. Heat exchange_ 1 〇 Heat resistance. Jinguan. Heat-resistant tube STBA28-20A for boilers, ceramics and metals

546454 5. Description of the invention (ίο) Composite materials: A1 + A1N 90 wt%, A 12 03 70 wt%, thickness 6-7mm, porosity 25%. Heat exchange camp No. 11 heat-resistant alloy tube: boiler heat-resistant tube STB A 28-20A, ceramic and metal composite material: SiC 95 wt% or more + Mg, thickness 6-7mm, porosity 2% The relationship between the surrounding environment of the reducing gas with a CO concentration of 5-15% can hardly see the oxidation and degradation of S i C and A 1N, and good heat recovery can be implemented. [Example 5] The outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube 2 of the coaxial tube shape and the U-shaped tube shape shown in Figs. 6 and 7 was covered with a ceramic-metal composite material 1 in a non-joined state, and the heat-resistant alloy The tube 2 and the composite material 1 are heat exchange tubes No. 12 to 14 having at least a part of an interface with the gap 5, and are disposed in coal, sewer sludge dewatering lump, and combustion gas of a dry sludge incinerator. In the implementation of heat recovery. The details of the heat exchange tubes No. 12-14 are as follows. Heat exchange tube No. 12 heat-resistant alloy tube: boiler heat-resistant tubes STBA28-40A and 65A, ceramic and metal composite material: SiC 95 wt% or more + Mg, thickness is about 7mm, the same shape as the shaft tube (Figure 6). Heat exchange tube No. 13 Heat-resistant alloy tube: Heat-resistant tubes STBA28-20A and 50A for boilers, composite materials of ceramics and metals: Al203, 5 wt% or more + A1, thickness about 3mm, coaxial tube shape (Figure 6) .

89116086.ptd Page 14 546454

Heat-resistant alloy tube: Heat-resistant tubes STBA28-15A and 20A for boilers, ceramic and metal composite materials. A1 + A1N 90 wt% or more, thickness β-i0mm, u-shaped tube shape (Figure 7). As a result, the combustion exhaust of coal sludge contains hundreds of SOx. But all the heat exchange pipes have not been rotten, and high temperature and high pressure water vapor and high temperature air that can achieve power generation efficiency of more than 30% can be recovered. And those who burn high temperature exhaust. In addition, it is formed into a U-shaped car as shown in FIG. 7; and / UL When a driver-like shape is used, more gaps 5 need to exist in the bent portion. [Embodiment 6] The longitudinal cross-sectional shape is as shown in Figure 8 Thousand ##-u 也 人人 —〇, and the cross-sectional shape is as shown in Figure 9.拔 属 的 向 人 好 袓 # Α The non-raman horse is made of thermal expansion buffer material and ceramic and metal ^ composite & material conversion: the person is covered in a non-joined state, and the heat-resistant alloy tube 2 is used for the thermal pulse expansion buffer material 6 and / or Thermal expansion retardation > /, H & impact η, μ & iron stamping material 6 and composite material 1 are in contact with at least a part of the interface 'therefore

No. 15-18, set up in the same way as in Example 1 of “Working with water ... and changing the B plant's photo 咚 r ς nq ς η sores-the same kind of municipal waste incinerator tester: 650-950 degrees Celsius The details of the two-temperature exhaust heat exchange tube No. 15-18 are as follows. Bei Deng ..., w check L exchange camp 15 " ~ ,,, 口 至 & · SUS】 04 15A 'Thermal expansion buffer material: A1 box, thick f' Ceramics and metal composite materials: Barge 9〇 ... The above thickness is 4-l0mm, and the porosity is 40%. 16 89116086.ptd 546454 V. Description of the invention (12) Heat-resistant alloy tube: SUS304-20A 'Thermal expansion buffer material: carbon fiber, thickness 0.2-2mm, ceramic and metal composite material: A1 + A1N + A10N 90 wt% or more, thickness 3 -8mm, porosity is 20%. Heat exchange tube No. 17 Heat-resistant alloy tube: SUS304-20A, outer surface coated with bn, thermal expansion buffer material: carbon fiber 'thickness 0 · 2 _ 2 mm, Tao Mi Xing's drop human slash: A1 + A1N + A1 〇N9〇wt% or more, thickness 3_1 / == 2mouth 0 ^ Heat exchange tube No. 18

Heat-resistant alloy tube: SUS304-20A, thermal expansion buffer material: carbon fiber, thickness 1-2mm, ceramic and metal composite material · ai203 0 0 wt% or more + A1, thickness 2-4 mm, porosity 30%. In addition, the composition of the exhaust gas from the municipal waste incinerator test plant is 2—6% of 02, 200-600ppm of HC1, max 3000 ppm of SOC, 4-19% of CO2, and the rest is.

As a result, it was confirmed that the reduction in thickness of any one of the heat exchange tubes due to corrosion is small, and no cracks have occurred, and stable heat recovery can be performed for a long time. In particular, in the heat exchange tube No. 17 with a βN coating on the outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube, the cross-sectional shape did not change after 120 hours. It can be confirmed that the sliding of the BN coating and the composite material of ceramic and metal is very smooth. In addition, it can be confirmed that when water vapor having an inlet temperature of 280-400 degrees Celsius is used as the heated fluid, an outlet temperature of 540 degrees Celsius or more and 100 ata can be obtained at the outlet, and the inlet temperature is 1200-1300 degrees Celsius, 1 When the mixed gas of air of 4,000-400mmAq and waste combustion gas of 50-40OmmAq is used as the heated fluid, it can be heated up to 800 degrees Celsius at the outlet.

546454 V. Description of the invention (13) [Example 7] The longitudinal section of the invention is shown as shown in Figure 2 and the cross section is shown in Fig. 9 1 < The outer surface is made of thermal expansion buffer material 6 and The ceramics and the Jinle compound mouth are sequentially covered in a non-joint state, and a part of the interface of the heat-resistant alloy tube 2 and the expansion buffer material 接触 is in contact, so the heat exchange tube No. 9 20 ° with a gap is placed in In the same municipal waste incinerator test plant of Example 1, the municipal waste was partially oxidized in a gas surrounding environment at 700-10000 degrees Celsius, and heat recovery was performed. The original row The details of the hot father's official replacement No. 19 and 20 are as follows. Check L exchange tube No. 19 Financial and thermal alloy officer: heat-resistant tube STBA28_2A for steel furnace, thermal expansion retarding material: carbon 80wt% or more fiber, thickness 0.5-3mm, ceramic and metal materials. Material H + MN 86 wt%, Al2O3, thickness 4-5_, pores ^ 25% 5% box exchange tube No. 20 heat-resistant alloy tube: heat-resistant tube STBA28_2A for boiler, thermal expansion retarder: 80% by weight of carbon Fiber, thickness 3mm, ceramic and metal materials: SiC 95 ^ t% + Mg, thickness 4-5mm, porosity 2%. " As a result, due to the relationship between the high-temperature exhaust system and the reducing atmosphere with a concentration of 5-15%, it is almost impossible to see the deterioration of Sic and A1N oxidation. Good heat recovery can be implemented. ‘[Embodiment 8] The resistance of the tube shape of the coaxial tube shape shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11

546454 V. Description of the invention (14) The outer surface of the thermal alloy tube 2 is covered by the thermal expansion buffer material 6 and the ceramic and metal composite material 1 in a non-joint state, and the heat resistant alloy tube 2 \ thermal expansion buffer material 6 and / or The thermal expansion buffer material 6 and the composite material 1 are in contact with at least a part of the interface, so the heat exchange tube No. 23 having the gap 5 is installed in coal, the sewage sludge dewatering block and the combustion of the dry sludge incinerator In the gas, heat recovery is performed. a The details of the heat exchange tubes N 0 · 2 1-2 3 are as follows. Heat exchange tube N 0.2 1

Heat-resistant alloy tubes: Heat-resistant tubes STBA28-40A and 65A for boilers, thermal expansion buffers ·· A mixture of fine powder and fiber with a carbon content of more than 80 wt%, a thickness of 0.2-4mm, a composite material of ceramics and metals: SiC 95 wt% or more Approximately 7mm, coaxial tube shape (Figure 10). Heat exchange tube No. 22 Heat-resistant alloy tube: Heat-resistant tube for boiler STBA28_20A & 50A, 埶 Expansion buffer material: fine powder of carbon 80 wa or more, thickness 〇3_2, ceramic and metal ^ composite material: Al2〇3 9 5 wt% or more + A1, thickness is about 4_,

Shaft tube shape (Figure 10). N Heat Exchanger No. 23

Heat-resistant alloy tube: total resistance to boilers ^ + 0 / cooked MTBA28-15A and 20Λ, thermal expansion concrete punching material · stone counter 80 wt% or more ^ n ^ s… human < fiber, thickness 0.4-lmm The ceramics are now composite materials: A + A1N 90% by weight τ; '^ shape (Figure 11). ⑴ Above, the thickness of 6-8 coffee 'U-shaped tube. As a result, coal, sewer, ςπ, / heart combustion exhaust contains hundreds of ppm of SOx, but all heat exchange tubes are not corroded ^ & ^ not corroded Can be recycled to achieve

89116086.ptd Page 18 546454 V. Description of the invention (15) High-temperature and high-pressure water vapor with a power generation efficiency of more than 30%, as well as high-temperature air and high-temperature combustion exhaust. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, when the U-shaped tube is formed, it is necessary to have more gaps 5 in the bent portion. [Explanation of component number] 1 Composite material of ceramic and metal 2 Heat-resistant alloy tube 3 Carbon fiber 4 Air hole 5 Void 6 Thermal expansion buffer material

89116086.ptd Page 19 546454 Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the heat exchange tube of FIG. 4. FIG. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the heat exchange tube of FIG. 8. FIG. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange tube according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchange tube showing another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 0 1 89116086.ptd page 20

Claims (1)

Scope of patent application 1. A heat exchange tube consisting of a special sintered body. ,! For example, if you have a porosity of 2-60%, you should win the camp of ceramics and metal composite materials, such as the first item in the patent scope. …, Again, among them, the sintering system 3 · — a heat recovery method, the heat exchange tube of the first item in the range, the process of setting the pressure of the hot fluid to a high pressure. It is characterized by having the use of a patent, which will be circulated in the heat exchange tube, and the surrounding ambient gas added to the outside of the heat exchange tube. I " Hanfan 2 Hall, / Xian Liufa / It is characterized by having a use, such as a patent application The weeping second father changed the tube, which will increase the strength of the force / claw circulated in the heat exchange tube and increase the pressure of the surrounding gas outside the heat exchange tube. 5 · A type of hot-parent tube replacement, characterized in that its surface layer is composed of a ceramic and gold composite material.乂 6. The heat exchange tube of item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the composite material contains 1-90 wt% of AIN and 50 wt% or more (A1 + A1N). 7. The heat exchange tube according to item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the composite material contains 1-90 wt% AIN and 50 wt% or more (A1 + A1N + A10N). 8 · The heat exchange tube according to item 5 of the patent application, wherein there is a compound containing B (boron) or c (carbon) on the surface of the composite material. 9 · If the heat exchange tube of item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the thickness of the composite material is 3-12mm. 1 0 · —A heat exchange tube characterized in that the outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube is covered by a composite material of ceramic and metal in a non-joined state, and 89116086.ptd Page 21 546454 VI. The scope of patent application The heat-resistant alloy tube and the aforementioned composite material are those in which at least part of the interface is in contact. 11 · The heat exchange tube according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the composite material includes Bu 9 (^ 1:% of people ", 5 (^ 1:% or more (eight 1 + persons 1 ^ eight 1 ( ^). 12. The heat exchange tube as claimed in item 10 of the patent application scope, wherein there is a compound containing B or C on the outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube. 1 3 As in the application patent area 1 〇 The heat exchange tube of the item, in which the composite material has a porosity of 2-60%. 14-a type of heat exchange tube, which is characterized by a thermal expansion buffer material and ceramic concrete and full /, the outer surface of the heat-resistant alloy tube is State, and the heat-resistant alloy pipe composite material is sequentially contacted with the non-joint thermal expansion buffer material and the reentry second thermal expansion buffer material and / or the front sub-roll. The σ material is such that at least one part of its interface is 15 · For example, the 14th material in the scope of patent application contains 1-90wt% of A1N, 50, and the hot-parent tube is changed to 'composite material.' 16. The scope of application for patent scope is 141: / ° or more (person 1 + person 1 ^ 8) 1 (^) ° The cushioning material is a heat exchange tube made of B, C or A1. Among them, those with thermal expansion or tape. "" Main ingredients Fibers, powders, and thin films 17. If the outer surface of the gold tube in the scope of patent application No. 145, there is a heat exchange tube containing and, among them, heat-resistant / 8. Such as the compounds in the scope of patent application No. 314 ^ or C. It is a heat exchange tube with a porosity of 2-60%. Among them, composite materials