TW415855B - Process for the preparation of ammoxidation catalysts for a fluidized bed or transported bed reactor - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of ammoxidation catalysts for a fluidized bed or transported bed reactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW415855B TW415855B TW085115527A TW85115527A TW415855B TW 415855 B TW415855 B TW 415855B TW 085115527 A TW085115527 A TW 085115527A TW 85115527 A TW85115527 A TW 85115527A TW 415855 B TW415855 B TW 415855B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- item
- patent application
- scope
- iron
- titanium
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012062 aqueous buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 vanadyl pyruvate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GYCHYNMREWYSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Br-].[Br-] GYCHYNMREWYSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSUXOVNWDZTCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Sn]Br ZSUXOVNWDZTCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M Pyruvate Chemical compound CC(=O)C([O-])=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YNVZDODIHZTHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-hydroxypropanoate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O YNVZDODIHZTHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- DKKCQDROTDCQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Ferrous lactate Chemical compound [Fe+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O DKKCQDROTDCQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XXLOICMXOBKOLH-UHFFFAOYSA-L diiodotitanium Chemical compound I[Ti]I XXLOICMXOBKOLH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004225 ferrous lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013925 ferrous lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940037907 ferrous lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[I-].[I-] BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NFVUDQKTAWONMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentafluorovanadium Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[V+5] NFVUDQKTAWONMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Ti](Br)(Br)Br UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- XROWMBWRMNHXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrafluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Ti+4] XROWMBWRMNHXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- JTWLHYPUICYOLE-UHFFFAOYSA-J vanadium tetrafluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[V+4] JTWLHYPUICYOLE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOYIPGHJSALYPY-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadium(iii) bromide Chemical compound [V+3].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-] ZOYIPGHJSALYPY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical group [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[AlH3] Chemical compound [O].[AlH3] CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ODNBVEIAQAZNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(6-chloroimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=NN2C(C(=O)C)=CN=C21 ODNBVEIAQAZNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GUNJVIDCYZYFGV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Antimony trifluoride Inorganic materials F[Sb](F)F GUNJVIDCYZYFGV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021551 Vanadium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- RPJGYLSSECYURW-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony(3+);tribromide Chemical compound Br[Sb](Br)Br RPJGYLSSECYURW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- KWQLUUQBTAXYCB-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[Sb](I)I KWQLUUQBTAXYCB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCN(C=2N=CC=CC=2)CC1 XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DEIVNMVWRDMSMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;oxotitanium Chemical compound OO.[Ti]=O DEIVNMVWRDMSMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BUJJNPWRTNNUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+);dibenzoate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BUJJNPWRTNNUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- PQQAOTNUALRVTE-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+);diformate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O PQQAOTNUALRVTE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 1
- HOIQWTMREPWSJY-GNOQXXQHSA-K iron(3+);(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O HOIQWTMREPWSJY-GNOQXXQHSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ZQBVUULQVWCGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol;propan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCO.CC(C)O ZQBVUULQVWCGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MTAYDNKNMILFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound Br[Ti](Br)Br MTAYDNKNMILFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(ii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- WRTMQOHKMFDUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triiodide Chemical compound I[I-]I WRTMQOHKMFDUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 1
- HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[V+3] HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WIWVNQBYNTWQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxovanadium(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O WIWVNQBYNTWQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJNMUKGZDONIAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylisoquinolin-6-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2C(C)=NC=CC2=C1 VJNMUKGZDONIAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIPRMPRBQSJVJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C(=O)C)(=O)O.C(C)(=N)N Chemical compound C(C(=O)C)(=O)O.C(C)(=N)N ZIPRMPRBQSJVJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021549 Vanadium(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021552 Vanadium(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058905 antimony compound for treatment of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001463 antimony compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I antimony(5+);pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DTVKDCLRVWKMKA-CVBJKYQLSA-L iron(2+);(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Fe+2].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O DTVKDCLRVWKMKA-CVBJKYQLSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ITAUHKJMPRCVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);tribenzoate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ITAUHKJMPRCVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WHRBSMVATPCWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triformate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O WHRBSMVATPCWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AUZMWGNTACEWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(2+);dibromide Chemical compound Br[Ti]Br AUZMWGNTACEWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- AAWFOGYSSVYINI-UHFFFAOYSA-K triiodovanadium Chemical compound I[V](I)I AAWFOGYSSVYINI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JTJFQBNJBPPZRI-UHFFFAOYSA-J vanadium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[V](Cl)(Cl)Cl JTJFQBNJBPPZRI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ITAKKORXEUJTBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadium(ii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[V]Cl ITAKKORXEUJTBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/18—Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J23/22—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/847—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum or polonium
- B01J23/8472—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/40—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group IV (IVA or IVB) of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/43—Tin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/40—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group IV (IVA or IVB) of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/47—Titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/50—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group V (VA or VB) of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/53—Antimony
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/50—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group V (VA or VB) of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/55—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/80—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group VIII of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2523/842—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0205—Impregnation in several steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
415855五、發明説明(1 ) A7 B7" 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本發明乃關於沈積於載體上包含以釩和銻爲基之混合氧 化物和選擇性之以錫和/或以鈦和/或以鐵和/或以其它金 屬爲基之混合氧化物之製備方法,以及其作爲觸媒在烷類 氨氡化上之使用。 在眾多之w合氧化物中,釩和辑或釩、録和其它金屬之 特定;昆合氧化物係已知曾在專利fr_a_2 〇72 334中被描述 之化合物。 US-Ao 008 427揭示在觸媒之存在下,氨氧化丙烷或丁 烷A方法,該觸媒特別係含有釩 '娣和鐵或鈦或鉻或鎵或 錫和可替代之其它金屬之氧化物,這些觸媒曾在溫度等於 或大於780°C下馈燒爲其實質上之特徵。 同樣的’ ΕΡ-Α-0 558 424揭示氨氧化烷類之方法,其係 由叙、銻、鐵和/或鎵和/或銦之混合氧化物所催化,這些 混合氧化物係藉混合各個金屬化合物之水懸浮液、授拌‘· 熱且然後將水份蒸出、乾燥以及馈燒以製備。 这些專利在與用於其所敌述之烷類氨氧化觸媒有關之反 應器科技上並未提出特定之指示。 不過,由烷類氨氧化之反應形式來看,其顯示使用流體 化床或移動床反應器係較有利的,此係由於在烷類氨氧化 反應中之高放熱性’使用一或多個工業規模之固定床反應 器(多管式反應器)之可能性是#常不實際的,特別是如果 希望達成高產量時,此可能性£*被排除。實際上爲了移除 所放出之熱量,將必須使用一尺寸非常大之多管式反應器 或一整组之多管式反應器,從投資之觀點來看,此己被排 -4 - 本紙乐尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) {請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本) 丨裝_ -* -丨線_ A7 B7* 415855 五、發明説明(2 ) 除。 經與固定床反應器比較,流體化床或移動床反應器具有 較大之能力以移除所放出之熱量,由於此原因,使其較適 合使用於坑類之氨氧化反應。此輸送熱量上較佳之能力, 使其藉增加進料混合物中烷類之含量以提高產量之可能性 是可預期的,此種操作在固定床反應器之情形是無法預見 的’因爲其輸送熱量上之限制(使其曝露在反應器中存在 之過熱部份),被要求必須使用相當低之烷類含量,以避 免任何氣體混合物爆炸或燃燒之問題。 本發明提出用於流體化床或移動床反應器之觸媒之製備 方法’包含一般經驗式⑴之活化相: VSbaSnbTicFedEeOx 其中: -E代表可以產生金紅石結構之氧化物之元素或與v、s b 、Sn ' Ti、Fe和/或其它元素E結合可以產生金紅石或三 金紅石結構之相或金紅石結構之固體溶液之元素 -a代表一整數或等於或大於0.5之分數 -b、c、d和e各自獨立代表一整數或從〇至1〇〇之分數 -X代表由其它元素之氧化數所決定之整數或分數, 和氧化物型之固體載體, 該方法之特徵爲其包含: 十- •使用含有至少一飽合醇和釩、鋒和選擇性之锡和/或欽 和/或鐵和/或元素E之各個化合物之溶液以浸滲氧化物 型之固體載體, -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標举(CNS)M規格(210x297公爱) ----Ί--^--^ ·裝 — I (請1閱讀If.面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
.1T 線 經濟部中央橾孪局員工消费合作社印裝 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 415855 ^ __ _Β7~ '_ 五、發明説明(3 ) -將所得到浸滲後之固體載體與pH爲6至8之含水緩衝溶 液接觸, -將固體分離並乾燥, -在一階段下愤燒該固體,首先在溫度從3〇〇至350 aC 下’然後在溫度從400°C至80CTC下。 元素E特別是從鍺、錳、釕、鈮、钽 '鎵、絡、錢、錄 、鉑、鋁、鉦、鈣、鎢和鎂中所選出,式(1)中可以有許多 之元素E,需要瞭解的是此處所使用,,元素E,,之表示代表— 或多個元素E。 使用於本方法之釩、銻、錫、鈦、鐵和元素£之化合物 必須可以溶解於飽和醇或飽和醇之混合物中。 當用於此處時,一化合物被視爲可溶係指其溶解度在25 °C測量時爲每升飽和醇至少5克,這些化合物能夠一起加 入:亦可以首先分別溶解於酵中 '然後再將所得不同之二 含醇溶液”互相混合。通常,含醇溶液係藉溶解釩、銻, 如果合適和錫、鈦、鐵和元素E之不同化合物以製備,而 非中間先製備每一化合物之溶液。 合適之可溶釩化合物包括乙醯丙酮酸氧釩、三氣化氧訊 、三氟化釩 '四氟化釩、五氟化釩、三溴化釩、二氯化釩 、三氣化釩、四氣化釩或三碘化釩。 合適之可溶銻化合物包括五氣,化銻、三氣化銻、三漠化 鋒、三氟化綈、三琪化銻' 三氧化銻或鋒化氫。 合適之可溶錫化合物包括氣化錫' 氣化亞錫或溴化亞錫 ^^^1 —l· _ 1 HI ^^^^1 - 1 -- av^^i ^^^^1 - i>- B IP >1 -- - . (請先¾讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4洗格(210X297公釐) 415355 A7 B7' 經潦部中央樣隼局貝工消费合作社印裝 五、發明説明(4) 合適t可洛鈦化合物包括二氣化鈦、四氣化鈦、三氯化 鈦、二溴化鈦、四溴化鈦、四氟化鈦或二碘化鈦。 合適之可溶鐵化合物包括二氣化鐵、三氣化鐵、二溴化 鐵、二溴化鐵、二碘化鐵、硝酸亞鐵、硫酸亞鐵'硫酸鐵 、硫代硫酸亞鐵、蟻酸鐵、醋酸鐵'乙醯丙酮酸鐵、苯甲 酸鐵'油酸鐵'乳酸亞鐵或乳酸鐵。 使用於本發明之方法之飽和醇更特別是烷醇和環烷醇, 尤其是沸點不是非常高者係較佳的,此係爲了使經蒸餾或 蒸發之分離或回收操作易於進行之故。所以具有1至6個碳 之烷醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、2_丙醇 '正丁醇' 2_ 丁醇、第三丁醇、戊醇和己醇、和環己醇係較佳的。 該固禮載體爲氧化物’例如爲銘氧、碎氧、碎氧/銘氧 、結氧、韩碎石、鈽和锆之混合氧化物、鎂氧、鈦氧化物 、鈮氧化物或鑭氧化物。 * 該固體載體粒子之大小通常從10微米至1000微米且以從 20微米至300微米爲較佳的。 該固體載體之另一重要特徵爲其被活性相金屬化合物溶 液浸滲之能力,所以’ 一般所使用者爲具有總孔洞體積至 少爲0.1立方公分/克之載體且以至少爲〇丨5立方公分/克爲 較佳的。 觸媒床流化之品質亦與其它參^數.有關,例如載體相對密 …度、載體空隙程度或氣體流率。觸媒所欲之流化、特別是 應用於烷類之氨氧化時,可以由熟習該項技藝之人士,經 考慮這些不同之參數後,在最佳之條件下進行。 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標毕(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) I ^― ! [ - I —Ί I I - n 訂 i 線 - _ - - - . (請先531*背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 415855 A7 _ B7" 五、發明説明(5) 在具有如前所述特徵之固體載體中,以使用矽氧爲較佳 的〇 該固體載體經形成式(I)活化相之部份组成物之金屬化合 物之含醇溶液之浸滲,可以藉使用體積小於或等於載體總 孔洞體精之含醇溶液而適當地進行。當含醇溶液之體積小 於載體總孔洞體積時,其通常代表至少50%該總孔洞體積 。浸滲步驟持續之時間並非很重要,在實際上其只根據載 體與所選擇溶液之混合方法而變。 浸滲後之固體載體然後與pH爲6至8之含水緩衝溶液接觸 ,從6.5至7.8係較佳的,接近7係更佳的,其爲銨鹽之水溶 液係較佳的,含有氨水係可選擇的。使用之銨鹽爲羧酸銨 鹽(例如醋酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽或酒石酸鹽)、草酸銨、碳酸銨 或磷酸氫銨係較佳的,此使其具有從6至8之pH'特別是在 7之範園係可能的,氨水之存在係可選擇的。因此,醋酸_ 銨/氨水緩衝溶液係特別適用。 與浸滲後之載體接觸之緩衝溶液之體積通常等於或大於 載體總孔洞體積且以大於載體總孔洞體積爲佳》 所仔到之固體可以藉一般用於此操作之設備’例如過遽 或離心法從液體中分離出來。 然後在使其可能移除水份及此操作所進行之壓·力有關之 溫度下乾燥,若此操作在常壓下進行,則乾燥溫度從100 3c至20CTC係較有利的,從1丨1 80°C係較佳的。若此操 作在低於常壓之壓力下進行,則乾燥溫度可以較低,通常 等於或大於5〇°C。 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標隼(CNS ) A4規格(210x297公慶) ----_------^—.-----ΪΤ------^ . . - - - -{諳先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央樓準局員工消費合作社印製 415355 "a? ^7- - ------------*----- 五、發明说明(6 ) 乾燥持續之時間可以根據所選擇之溫度而有很大之改變 ,其通常是由能移除大部份之浸滲水來決定,最常見爲介 於數分鐘和數十小時。 該固體然後在壚中以300SC至350Ό之溫度以及在第二步 驟以400SC至80〇6C之溫度,更佳爲從5〇〇=C至750°C下馈燒 ,其所需之時間典型從數分鐘至數小時,最常見係從3〇分 鐘至20小時a 在最後之觸媒中’式(I)活化相所佔之重量分率通常爲該 觸媒全重之5至50%。 在如前所述之式(I)活化相之混合氧化物中,偏好者爲: -E代表一或數個從鎳、鎵、鋁或鈮中所選出之元素 -a代表一整數或等於或小於1〇〇之分數,從〇 5至5〇係較 佳的 -b、c、d和e各自獨立代表一整數或從〇至50之分數,在" 這些符號中至少一個係大於〇且較佳爲等於或大於0.5 -X代表由其它元素之氧化數所決定之整數或分數, 本發明之另一主題爲在含有一般經驗式活化相之觸媒 存在下’於流體化床或移動床反應器中,汽相氨氧化烷類 之方法: VSbaSnbTicFedEeOx 其中: 〜. •E代表可以產生金紅石結構(氧化物之元素或與v、Sb 、Sn、Ti、Fe和/或其它元素e結合可以產生金紅石或三 金紅石結構之相或金紅石結構之固體溶液之元素 _ -9- ______ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ---------^-------IT------A (請先-¾讀背面之注意事項再 Γ本頁) ., ., 415855 -B7 - 五、發明説明(7 ) •a代表一整數或等於或大於〇5之分數 -b、c、d和e各自獨立代表一整數或從〇至1〇〇之分數 -X代表由其它元素之氧化數所決定之整數或分數, 和氧化物型之固體載體, 該觸媒係以本發明之方法製備。 根據本發明之烷類每分子通常具有從3至12個碳原子, 其係在觸媒存在下,在汽相與氨和氧反應。 當然,在本方法之情況中,使用在反應條件下爲惰性, 例如氦氣' 氮氣和氬氣之稀釋劑氣體是可能的。同樣地, 蒸汽可以在很大之範圍内,加入氣體反應混合物中。因此 ,該反應氣體(虎、氣、氧)可以藉惰性稀釋劑和/或藉蒸> 以稀釋。在此合併中,蒸汽含量可以在很大之範圍内改^ ,特別是從0至50%且從3至30%(體積比)係較佳的。爲了 良好地實行根據本發明之方法’反應之氣體含量至少爲1 3%且以至少20%爲較佳的。 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印裝 H I 私衣— 訂 f請先閲讀背面之注意事項再"本1} 在反應氣體中烷、氨和氧個別之含量可以在很大之範圍 内改變,在反應氣體中烷之含量從5至7〇體積%係較佳的 ’氨之含量爲從3至50體積%係較佳的,氧之含量從3至45 體積%係較佳的。 從較佳之丙烷開始,可以得到一本質上含有丙烯腈之混 合物,丙烯腈係大規模化學製造〜之中間產物。 從異丁烷開始,本質上可以得、甲基丙烯腈。 雖然所使用之垸類可以爲工業品質,但含有顯著數量不 飽和烯化合物是非所欲的,因此,所使用之丙烷通常僅含 1 10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS〉A4規格(2丨〇ϋ7公瘦) " A7 37 415855 五、發明说明(8 ) 有少量之丙烯,例如小於丨0%。 如前所述,根據本發明之方法係在流體化床或移動床反 應器中,以汽相反應之形式進行。該方法可以連續或非連 續式進行。 反應溫度通常介於3001至550°(:之間且以介於4〇〇°C至 50CTC之間爲較佳。 反應混合物之總壓可以大於或等於大氣壓,其通常介於 I至6巴之間且以介於1至4巴之間爲較佳。 每小時之體積速率通常介於100至36000小時-1之間,其 主要係與氣體流動速率有關,但亦與反應之其它參數有闞 ’每小時之體積速率通常介於2〇〇至20000小時* 1之間係較 佳的3 每小時之體積速率係定義爲總氣體體積/觸媒體積/小時 分率。 一 當然’熟習該項技藝之人士在考慮其生產目標下,可以 在溫度、氣體流動速率、使用之觸媒之精確本性和反應之 其它不同參數間尋找到一折衷點。 反應之產物可以藉任何合適之設備從排出之氣體中回收 。例如,排出之氣體可以進入含有稀硫酸之冷凝器中,以 中和未反應之氨。該氣體可以然後穿過一冷凍吸收塔以冷 凝丙烯腈、乙腈和氫氰酸,未冷·凝之汽體主要含有未反應 ..之丙故、丙稀、輕竣氫化合物和若合適之C〇2。丙稀膀和 氫氰酸然後可以藉蒸齒法從乙腈中分出’該回收之丙締猜 /氫氰酸混合物然後可以藉蒸餾以從氫氰酸中分離出丙浠 '11- 本纸浃尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210Χ:297公釐} (請先閣讀背面之注意事項再+-1.本頁} 裝 訂 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印裝 A7 ΰ7· 415855 五、發明説明(9 ) 腈。 ---------^------.訂 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再,-本頁) 以下之實例更進一步説明本發明。 氧化物製備之古法 痕_槔本發明含有經驗式:VSbsSi^Q^之混合氧化物 夷體之觸媒(A>之迤借 用15.6jl方爱米含有2.!5克SnCl4、0.437克乙醯丙酮酸 氧叙和2.46克SbCls之乙醇溶液以進行π克矽氧之乾浸滲( 亦即;4液之體積小於或等於載體之孔洞體積),其具有3 〇 至100微米之粒子大小、320平方米/克之BET比面積、1.2 立方釐米/克之孔洞體積和0.36之相對密度。 已浸滲後之固體倒入150立方釐米含有醋酸銨/氨(65/15 克/升)緩衝且pH爲7.0之水溶液中。 該固體然後藉離心法以分離且在12〇°C下乾燥24小時。 在350°C下煅燒1小時然後再於70(TC下烺燒3小時。 · 所得到之觸媒含有17重量%之VSb5Sn5Ox混合氧化物和 83重量%之矽氧載體且具有280平方米/克之比面積和0.43 之相對密度。 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印装 ί-Μ2τ根據本發明含有經驗式:VSb<SnsQv之混合氧化物 與矽鋁載體之觸媒之絮備 用15.6立方釐米含有2.15克SnCl4、0.437克乙醯丙酮酸 氧釩和2.46克SbCl5之乙醇溶液以-進行39克鋁氧之乾浸滲( 亦即溶液之體積小於或等於載體之孔洞體積),其具有20 至90微米之粒子大小' 180平方米/克之BET比面積、0.4立 方釐米/克之孔洞體積和0.74之相對密度。 -12- 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210>< 297公釐} 415855 ^ ____ ΒΊ- 」__ 五、發明説明(10 ) 已浸渗後之固體倒入150立方釐米含有醋酸銨/氨(65/ί5 克/升)緩衝且pH爲7.0之水溶液中。 該固體然後藉離心法以分離且在12〇»C下乾燥24小時。 在3 5(TC下烺燒1小時然後再於7〇〇»c下烺燒3小時。 所得到之觸媒含有6.5重量%之乂315551150\混合氧化物和 93.5重量%之鋁氧載體且具有ι5〇平方米/克之比面積和 0.8 7之相對密度。 f例3至5-根據本發明全有經驗式: ^Sb2.5 Sil2.5 Οχ VSbsSn^O^ ^L2.5SlL2.5ax之混合氫化物輿矽氣載體之觸媒(X) (D)和(E)之製備 藉使用實例1所述之步驟與反應物且若合適可採用該反 應物之數量,以製備下述之觸媒: 觸媒(C)含有17重量%之VSbuSnuOj^合氧化物和83 重量%之矽氧載體且具有195平方米/克之比面積; -觸媒(D)含有23重量%之VSb5Sn5〇x混合氧化物和77重量 %之矽氧載體且具有235平方米/克之比面積; 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印聚 ---------种衣------1T (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再- ••本頁) -觸媒(E)含有23重量%之VSbuSn2.5〇x混合氧化物和77 重量%之矽氧載體且具有250平方米/克之比面積。 氨氧化測試之一般程序 — 觸媒(A)與(B)之催化性能在玻^流體化床反應器中評估 ,其内徑爲1.8釐米和高爲20釐米且装有軸向熱電偶,以 測量沿著觸媒床之溫度。在每一次氨氧化測試中使用約1 5 -13-_____ 本紙浪尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 415855 —A7 ^7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(ι ) 立方釐米之觸媒,由於矽氧與鋁氧相對密度之差別,此體 積例如對應於6.4克之觸媒(A)和對應於丨3 〇克之觸媒(B)。 使用在一系列於流體化床反應器中進行之測試之反應混 s物具有下述之體積組成 CsHg/N 0/40 〇 對每一個實例反應混合物之總壓力爲13巴。 總氣體流率係調整以得到不同之接觸時間;該接觸時間 係取觸媒床流化前之體積(15立方爱·米)和標準溫度與壓力 條件下之氣體流率以計算’所牽涉之接觸時間如下述:5 秒(總流率·· 1 80互方爱米/分鐘)、1 〇秒(總流率:9〇立方愛 米/分鐘)和1 5秒(總流率:60立方釐米/分鐘)。所對應之氣 體線性速度(於空室中之速度),在標準溫度與壓力條件且 考慮反應器中軸向熱電偶之存在下計算爲1〇5釐米,分鐘、 52釐米/分鐘和35釐米/分鐘。 · 對丙烷氨氧化測試之原理如下所述: -該觸媒置於例如310aC之溫度T!,在溫度T!下穩定30分 鐘後’在反應器出口處混合物之組成藉氣相層析儀以 決定。 -在入口溫度T!檢視所得之觸媒轉化百分率與選擇性係 使用分類之關係以計算: 丙烷之轉化(以莫耳%計)=轉化之丙烷/產生之丙烷 朝向丙烯腈之選擇性(以莫军%計)=丙烷轉化成丙烯 猜/轉化之丙燒。 •該觸媒然後以20 °C之增加量從310至550 °C且每40分鐘 -14- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再.·,.本頁> •裝. 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(〇>;$)/\4说格(210'乂297公釐) 415855 A7 -B? 經濟部中央標牟局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(12 ) 決定一次轉化百分率與選擇性。 在下述之氨氧化實例中,使用如下之約定:
Temp=反應物之溫度 DC ewe丙烷之轉化率 S ACN=朝向丙缔猜之選擇性 SACN+ C3HS=朝向丙烯腈與丙烯之選擇性 SAnnn〇x=朝向乙腈' 氫氰酸和其它氨氧化副產物之選擇 性 ' ct(s)=以秒計之接觸時間 剩餘至1 〇〇%之選擇性對應於co* c〇2和選擇性之甲烷、 乙统和乙烯之形成》 丙虎氨氧化之音例 實例6至10 如前所述使用根據本發明之觸媒A、B、c ' 〇和£以進行-丙烷之氨氧化。 Τ 經由對觸媒Α之標示,可以詳述最小之流化流動速率爲 9-10立方釐米/分鐘(於空室中之速度6釐米/分鐘)^ 流體化床之膨脹爲線性且直到6〇_7〇立方釐米/分鐘(35_ 40釐米/分鐘),觸媒床之高度從1〇 8釐米(流動速率小於最 小ί充化流動速率之未流化敏密床)改變至1 6. $楚米。封戈 動速率大於70立方釐米/分鐘者觸媒床之高度不再改變 〇 溫度條件與所得之結果列於下述之表1。 -15- 本紙乐尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) (請先-¾讀背面之注意Ϋ-項再〕本頁) -裝· 灰 415855 A7 五、發明説明(13 ) 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 實例 ! 使用之 觸媒 ct (s) ίβΟ (%). SACii (%) SACK + ϋ (%) SAi=cx (%) 實例6 A 5 445 3,5 34 ’ 3 5' 32 43G 5 41 42 25 10 455 8 j 50 51 2-5 15 450 8 41 42 20 470 11 32 33 14 實例7 B 5 455 18 5 25 15 4?0 27 7 28 12 10 455 22 3 17 11 435 22 6 25 15 實例8 C 5 470 9 55 55 14 10 450 9 , 43 43 20 470 15 45 45 15 15 45C 15 45 45 26 470 20 42 42 IS 實例9 D 5 j 470 11 45 45 25 10 45C 12 41 41 25 470 13 41 21 15 430 14 37 37 23 45ΰ 16 39 35 13 470 23 38 38 14 490 17 23 23 14 實例10 T 15 3S0 S 25 29 35 410 17 26 2ο 22 430 24 30 30 15 45 0 22"' 31 3 I 14 表1 -16- 本纸張尺度通用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再_-*'-本頁)
Claims (1)
- 公告4轉财利幅帛 Β| .中_文申♦專利範圍倐正太f87年11 Η、08 六、申請專利範圍經濟部中央揉準局貝工消费合作社印製 ί. 一種用於流體化床或移動廉反應器之觸媒之製備方法, 包含一般經驗式⑴之活化相: VSbaSnbTicFedEeOx 其中: -E代表可以產生金紅石結構之氧化物之元素、或與v、 Sb、Sn、Ti、Fe和/或其它元素E結合可以產生金紅石或 二金紅石結構之相或金紅石結構之固體溶液之元素 •a代表一整數或等於或大於0 5之分數 -b、c、d和e各自獨立代表一整數或從〇至之分數 -X代表由其它元素之氧化數所決定之整數或分數, 和氧化物型之固體載體, 該方法包含: -使用含有至少一飽合醇和釩、銻和選擇性之錫和/或鈦 和/或鐵和/或元素E之化合物之溶液以浸滲氧化物型之 固體載體, -將所得到浸滲後之固體載體與pH為6至8之含水緩衝溶 液接觸, -將固體分離並乾燥, -在二階段下烺燒該固體,首先在溫度從300 °C至350°C 下’然後在溫度從40(TC至800°C下。 2.根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該固體載體為氧 化物’例如為銘氧、砂氧、秒氧/鋁氧、結氧、卸梦 石、鈽和锆之混合氧化物、鎂氧、鈦氧化物、鈮氧化物 或鋼氧化物。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 本紙浪ΑΑϋ财料丰(CNS ) ( 210X297公釐) 公告4轉财利幅帛 Β| .中_文申♦專利範圍倐正太f87年11 Η、08 六、申請專利範圍經濟部中央揉準局貝工消费合作社印製 ί. 一種用於流體化床或移動廉反應器之觸媒之製備方法, 包含一般經驗式⑴之活化相: VSbaSnbTicFedEeOx 其中: -E代表可以產生金紅石結構之氧化物之元素、或與v、 Sb、Sn、Ti、Fe和/或其它元素E結合可以產生金紅石或 二金紅石結構之相或金紅石結構之固體溶液之元素 •a代表一整數或等於或大於0 5之分數 -b、c、d和e各自獨立代表一整數或從〇至之分數 -X代表由其它元素之氧化數所決定之整數或分數, 和氧化物型之固體載體, 該方法包含: -使用含有至少一飽合醇和釩、銻和選擇性之錫和/或鈦 和/或鐵和/或元素E之化合物之溶液以浸滲氧化物型之 固體載體, -將所得到浸滲後之固體載體與pH為6至8之含水緩衝溶 液接觸, -將固體分離並乾燥, -在二階段下烺燒該固體,首先在溫度從300 °C至350°C 下’然後在溫度從40(TC至800°C下。 2.根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該固體載體為氧 化物’例如為銘氧、砂氧、秒氧/鋁氧、結氧、卸梦 石、鈽和锆之混合氧化物、鎂氧、鈦氧化物、鈮氧化物 或鋼氧化物。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 本紙浪ΑΑϋ财料丰(CNS ) ( 210X297公釐) 415855 Μ Β8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 3 ·根據申請專利範圍第i或2項之方法,其中該固體載體具 有從10微米至1000微米之粒子大小。 4·根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中該固體載體具 有從2〇微米至300微米之粒子大小。 5 -根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之方法,其中該固體載體展 現至少為0.1立方公分/克之總孔洞體積。 6.根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中該固體載體展 現至少為0‘ 15立方公分/克之總孔洞體積。 7 ·根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之方法,其中最後之觸媒 中’式(I)活化相所佔之重量分率為該觸媒總重之5至 5 0% = 8.根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中合適之可溶訊 化合物係選自乙醯丙酮酸氧釩、三氣化氧叙、三氣化 釩、四氟化釩、五氟化釩、三溴化釩、二氣化釩、三氯 化釩、四氣化釩或三碘化朝^ 9 _根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之方法,其中合適之可溶鋒 化合物係選自五氣化銻、三氣化銻、三溴化銻、三氟化 銻、三碘化銻、三氧化銻或銻化氫。 10.根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中合適之可溶錫 化合物係選自氯化錫、氣化亞錫或溴化亞錫。 根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之方法,其中合適之可溶鈦 化合物係選自二氯化鈦、四氯化鈦、三氣化鈦、三溴化 鈦、四溴化鈦、四氟化鈦或二碘化鈦。 12_根據申請專利範園第丨或2項之方法,其中合適之可溶鐵 • ~ t 1 _ 一J .....-......-- 1 --二> - »» m - I [ I- --- I -1 I ' (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央橾準局負工消费合作社印裝8 88 8 ABCD 415855 &'申請專利範圍 (請先Μ讀背面之注意Ϋ項再填寫本頁) 化合物係選自二氣化鐵、三氣化鐵、二溴化鐵、彡溴化 鐵、二碘化鐵、硝酸亞鐵、硫酸亞鐵、硫酸鐵、硫代硫 酸亞鐵、蟻酸鐵、醋酸鐵、乙醯丙酮酸鐵、苯甲酸鐵、 油酸鐵、乳酸亞鐵或乳酸鐵。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項之方法,其中所使用之飽和 醇係選自烷醇和環烷醇,較佳係具有丨至6個碳之烷醇, 例如甲醇 '乙醇、正丙醇、2_丙醇、正丁醇、I 丁醇、 第三丁醇、戊醇和己醇、和環己醇。 14. _根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中該固體載體經 形成式(I)活化相之部份組成物之金屬化合物之含酵溶液 之浸滲’可以藉使用體積小於或等於載體總孔洞體積之 含醇溶液而進行,該含醇溶液之體積較佳係占至少50% 之總孔洞體積。 15. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中經浸滲之固體 載體而後係與含水銨鹽缓衝溶液接觸,該溶液中視情況 係含有氨水’使用之銨鹽較佳為羧酸銨鹽、碳酸錢或磷 酸氫按·。 經濟部中央榡準局貝工消費合作社印II 16. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中與經浸滲載體 接觸之緩衝溶液體積通常等於或大於載體總孔洞體積、 且較佳係大於載體總孔洞體積= 17. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中式⑴疋活化 相,其中: -E代表一或數個從鎳、鎵:鋁或鈮中所選出之70素 -a代表一整數或等於或小於100之分數 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4洗格(210Χ297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局貞工消费合作社印製 415855 会 I C8 ---------D8 六、申請專利範圍 _b、c、d和e各自獨立代表一整數或從〇至5〇之分數,且 在這些符號中至少一個係大於0, -X代表由其它元素之氧化數所決定之整數或分數。 W ‘根據申請專利範圍第17項之方法,其中压代表自〇5至5〇 間之整數或分數’且至少一個b,h d及e係等於或大於 0.5。 19.-種在固體觸媒存在下、於流體化床或移動床反應器中 汽相氨氧化烷類之方法’其特徵在於該觸媒係由根據申 請專利範圍第1或2項之方法所製得者。 20‘根據申請專利範圍第19项之方法,其中烷類每分子具有 3至12個碳原子’且較佳係選自丙烷與異丁烷,其係在 汽相與氨和氧反應。 21. 根據申請專利範圍第19項之方法,其中反應氣體係由 燒、氨和氧所组成。 22. 根據申請專利範圍第21項之方法,其中烷之含量係自5 至70% ’氨之含量係自3至50%,且氧之含量係自3至 45%。. 23. 根據申請專利範圍第19項之方法,其中反應溫度係介於 300°C至550°C之間。係介於400°C至500°C之間。 24. 根據申請專利範圍第19項之方法,其中反應溫度係介於 400°C 至 500°C 之間。 -4 - 本纸張尺度逋用中國•家#¥( CNS > A4現格(210X297公羞) (请先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、ΤΓ
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9515783A FR2742678B1 (fr) | 1995-12-22 | 1995-12-22 | Procede de preparation de catalyseurs d'ammoxydation pour reacteur a lit fluidise ou a lit transporte |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW415855B true TW415855B (en) | 2000-12-21 |
Family
ID=9486185
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW085115527A TW415855B (en) | 1995-12-22 | 1996-12-16 | Process for the preparation of ammoxidation catalysts for a fluidized bed or transported bed reactor |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0876210B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3320423B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR19990076598A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1084221C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2239102C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69612627T2 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2742678B1 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY114117A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW415855B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1997023287A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001096016A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-20 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Catalyseur destine a une oxydation ou ammoxydation, catalytique, en phase vapeur, de propane ou d'isobutane |
CN104402812A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-11 | 常州大学 | 一种合成吡啶甲酸的方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS56139444A (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1981-10-30 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | Production of aromatic nitrile |
DE3107755A1 (de) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-16 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Katalysatoren fuer die herstellung von 3-cyanpyridin |
FR2687670B1 (fr) * | 1992-02-20 | 1995-05-19 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procede d'ammoxydation d'hydrocarbures satures. |
BR9405558A (pt) * | 1993-08-26 | 1999-09-08 | Bp America | Método de melhorar a atividade do catalisador, catalisadores aperfeiçoados e seu uso |
-
1995
- 1995-12-22 FR FR9515783A patent/FR2742678B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-12-16 TW TW085115527A patent/TW415855B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-18 DE DE69612627T patent/DE69612627T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-18 EP EP96942424A patent/EP0876210B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-18 JP JP52335597A patent/JP3320423B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-18 CN CN96199203A patent/CN1084221C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-18 CA CA002239102A patent/CA2239102C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-18 WO PCT/FR1996/002022 patent/WO1997023287A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-12-18 KR KR1019980704690A patent/KR19990076598A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1996-12-20 MY MYPI96005419A patent/MY114117A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0876210A1 (fr) | 1998-11-11 |
FR2742678B1 (fr) | 1998-02-20 |
CN1205654A (zh) | 1999-01-20 |
JP3320423B2 (ja) | 2002-09-03 |
FR2742678A1 (fr) | 1997-06-27 |
CA2239102A1 (fr) | 1997-07-03 |
JP2000500699A (ja) | 2000-01-25 |
WO1997023287A1 (fr) | 1997-07-03 |
DE69612627D1 (de) | 2001-05-31 |
CN1084221C (zh) | 2002-05-08 |
KR19990076598A (ko) | 1999-10-15 |
DE69612627T2 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
CA2239102C (fr) | 2001-06-19 |
MY114117A (en) | 2002-08-30 |
EP0876210B1 (fr) | 2001-04-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4809531B2 (ja) | アルカン類の対応酸類への接触酸化法 | |
WO2000012209A1 (fr) | Procede pour produire un catalyseur a base d'oxyde utilise dans la fabrication d'acrylonitrile ou de methacrylonitrile a partir de propane ou d'isobutane | |
WO2000053314A1 (fr) | Catalyseur et procédé pour produire des esters | |
UA72617C2 (en) | A method for the preparation of vinyl acetate | |
JP2000202291A (ja) | 新規触媒、過酸化水素の製造方法、及び酸化工程での過酸化水素の使用 | |
Gervasini et al. | Surface characteristics and activity in selective oxidation of o-xylene of supported V2O5 catalysts prepared by standard impregnation and atomic layer deposition | |
JPS6337772B2 (zh) | ||
CN101306376B (zh) | 含碲的烷烃氨氧化反应催化剂 | |
US6552233B2 (en) | Vanadia-titania/metal-molybdate dual catalyst bed system and process using the same for methanol oxidation to formaldehyde | |
JP2003534305A (ja) | 酢酸ビニルを製造するための統合された方法 | |
JPH04504567A (ja) | 2,2´―ビピリジル類の製造のための方法及び触媒 | |
TW415855B (en) | Process for the preparation of ammoxidation catalysts for a fluidized bed or transported bed reactor | |
CN109879741A (zh) | 一种苯甲醇催化氧化生产苯甲醛的绿色高效方法 | |
US5663392A (en) | Preparation of VSba aTib Ox ammoxidation catalysts | |
CN101279252A (zh) | 用于烷烃氨氧化反应的催化剂 | |
TW201041843A (en) | Vinyl ester production from acetylene and carboxylic acid utilizing heterogeneous catalyst | |
JP3800205B2 (ja) | 不飽和アルコール製造用触媒と不飽和アルコール製造方法 | |
CN101428230B (zh) | 烷烃氨氧化反应的催化剂 | |
JPH06228073A (ja) | ニトリルの製造法 | |
JP4809532B2 (ja) | プロパンのアクリル酸への接触酸化用触媒、その製造法及び使用法 | |
WO2006080753A1 (en) | Catalyst for partial oxidation of methylbenzenes and method for producing aromatic aldehydes using the same | |
JP5152895B2 (ja) | 環状アルキレンイミンの製造方法 | |
JPS6157817B2 (zh) | ||
WO2012149865A1 (zh) | 一种环己烷氧化制环己醇的方法 | |
JPH01313313A (ja) | 二酸化炭素の還元方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GD4A | Issue of patent certificate for granted invention patent | ||
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |