TW374079B - Process and system for alkylation of aromatic compounds - Google Patents
Process and system for alkylation of aromatic compoundsInfo
- Publication number
- TW374079B TW374079B TW086103009A TW86103009A TW374079B TW 374079 B TW374079 B TW 374079B TW 086103009 A TW086103009 A TW 086103009A TW 86103009 A TW86103009 A TW 86103009A TW 374079 B TW374079 B TW 374079B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- olefin
- alkylation
- aromatic compounds
- carbons
- liquid
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/22—Halogenating
- B01J37/26—Fluorinating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
- B01D3/322—Reboiler specifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/54—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C2/64—Addition to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C2/66—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/16—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to increase the Si/Al ratio; Dealumination
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/16—Clays or other mineral silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups C07C2529/08 - C07C2529/65
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/598,695 US5770782A (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1996-02-08 | Process and system for alkylation of aromatic compounds |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW374079B true TW374079B (en) | 1999-11-11 |
Family
ID=24396560
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW086103009A TW374079B (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1997-03-11 | Process and system for alkylation of aromatic compounds |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5770782A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0885182B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002515030A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR19990082299A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1064661C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2244794A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69702967T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2149573T3 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID15928A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2179166C2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW374079B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1997029064A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6166281A (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 2000-12-26 | Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation | Alkylation of benzene to form linear alkylbenzenes using fluorine-containing mordenites |
KR100336937B1 (ko) | 1997-07-21 | 2002-05-25 | 데이비드 엠 모이어 | 결정성파괴된계면활성제의혼합물을함유하는세제조성물 |
BR9810780A (pt) | 1997-07-21 | 2001-09-18 | Procter & Gamble | Produtos de limpeza compreendendo tensoativos de alquilarilssulfonato aperfeiçoados, preparados através de olefinas de vinilideno e processos para preparação dos mesmos |
ES2193540T3 (es) | 1997-07-21 | 2003-11-01 | Procter & Gamble | Procedimiento mejorados para preparar tensioactivos de aquilbencenosulfonato y productos que contienen dichos tensioactivos. |
CA2297170C (en) | 1997-07-21 | 2003-04-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Improved alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants |
PH11998001775B1 (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 2004-02-11 | Procter & Gamble | Improved alkyl aryl sulfonate surfactants |
KR100447695B1 (ko) | 1997-08-08 | 2004-09-08 | 더 프록터 앤드 갬블 캄파니 | 개질된 알킬아릴의 제조방법 |
AU3469200A (en) * | 1999-01-06 | 2000-07-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Improved process for producing alkylated aromatic fluids |
EP1022325A3 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2003-01-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Hard surface cleaning compositions comprising modified alkylbenzene sulfonates |
EP1022326A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-07-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Hard surface cleaning compositions comprising modified alkylbenzene sulfonates |
IL135061A0 (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-05-20 | Ahron Jodaikin | Strategic targeted fluoridation and chemical treatment of teeth |
US6437197B1 (en) | 2000-04-27 | 2002-08-20 | Shell Oil Company | Process for catalytic hydroxylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
US6548718B2 (en) | 2000-04-27 | 2003-04-15 | Shell Oil Company | Process for catalytic hydroxylation of, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic compounds |
US7199068B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2007-04-03 | Sasol North America Inc. | Reactive distillation alkylation process including in situ catalyst regeneration |
US6642425B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-11-04 | Sasol North America Inc. | Reactive distillation process for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
US20040249229A1 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2004-12-09 | Gee Jeffery C. | Isomerization of olefins with carboxylic acid |
EP1660433A2 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2006-05-31 | The Queen's Medical Center | Preparation and use of alkylating agents |
US7189885B1 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2007-03-13 | Uop Llc | Staged process for producing linear 2-phenyl-alkanes |
US7566429B2 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2009-07-28 | Sandia Corporation | Catalytic reactive separation system for energy-efficient production of cumene |
KR100757031B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-09-07 | 한국화학연구원 | 제올라이트를 이용한 올레핀 삼량체 제조방법 및 그를이용한 고비점알킬레이트 제조 방법 |
US7692054B2 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2010-04-06 | Uop Llc | Process and apparatus for alkylation of aromatic compound with aliphatic mono-olefin compound of 8 to 18 carbon atoms |
US7655824B2 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2010-02-02 | Uop Llc | Processes for producing alkylbenzenes over solid acid catalyst at low benzene to olefin ratios and low heavies make |
US7642389B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2010-01-05 | Uop Llc | Energy integrated processes including alkylation and transalkylation for making detergent range alkylbenzenes |
US7576247B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2009-08-18 | Uop Llc | Processes for making detergent range alkylbenzenes |
US7692055B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2010-04-06 | Uop Llc | Transalkylation of dialkylbenzene |
US7652182B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2010-01-26 | Uop Llc | Energy integrated processes including alkylation and transalkylation for making detergent range alkylbenzenes |
KR100775973B1 (ko) * | 2007-05-25 | 2007-11-15 | 한국화학연구원 | 제올라이트를 이용한 올레핀 삼량체 제조방법 및 그를이용한 고비점알킬레이트 제조 방법 |
US8278494B2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2012-10-02 | H R D Corporation | Method of making linear alkylbenzenes |
US7491856B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2009-02-17 | H R D Corporation | Method of making alkylene glycols |
US8304584B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2012-11-06 | H R D Corporation | Method of making alkylene glycols |
US7476637B1 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-13 | Catalytic Distillation Technologies | Coated catalyst for aromatic alkylation |
EP2105429A1 (en) | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-30 | Uop Llc | Process and apparatus for alkylation or aromatic with olefin using impure aromatic recycle |
US8168843B2 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2012-05-01 | Catalytic Distillation Technologies | Reformate benzene reduction via transalkylation |
US7745674B2 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-06-29 | Catalytic Distillation Technologies | Alkylation slurry reactor |
US8101810B2 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2012-01-24 | Catalytic Distillation Technologies | Reformate benzene reduction via alkylation |
US8450232B2 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2013-05-28 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Catalysts useful for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
US20100204964A1 (en) * | 2009-02-09 | 2010-08-12 | Utah State University | Lidar-assisted multi-image matching for 3-d model and sensor pose refinement |
US8350110B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2013-01-08 | Uop Llc | Heavy alkylbenzene transalkylation operating cost reduction |
US9751817B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2017-09-05 | Uop Llc | Combined reactor effluent and regenerant recirculation for detergent alkylation process |
US9434662B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2016-09-06 | Uop Llc | Integrated fluid catalytic cracking and alkylation process |
US10065903B2 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2018-09-04 | Uop Llc | Processes for producing hydrocarbons from a renewable feedstock |
US9611188B1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2017-04-04 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Aromatic alkylation using chemically-treated solid oxides |
KR102594747B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-22 | 2023-10-30 | 인도라마 벤처스 옥사이즈 엘엘씨 | 알킬방향족 화합물의 제조 방법 |
RU2668218C1 (ru) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-27 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Катализатор и способ алкилирования бифенила олефинами C2-C6 |
US10894753B1 (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2021-01-19 | Uop Llc | Paraffin utilization of linear alkyl benzene production |
CN113620766B (zh) * | 2020-05-07 | 2023-02-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种高选择性线性烷基苯的生产方法 |
CN113398992B (zh) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-11-22 | 上海兖矿能源科技研发有限公司 | 一种烯烃酯化用催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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US3551510A (en) * | 1968-08-15 | 1970-12-29 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Alkylation-transalkylation process |
US3594331A (en) * | 1969-02-27 | 1971-07-20 | Grace W R & Co | Method of increasing the thermal stability of crystalline zeolites |
US3630965A (en) * | 1969-03-11 | 1971-12-28 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrocarbon conversion catalyst |
US3702312A (en) * | 1970-10-05 | 1972-11-07 | Shell Oil Co | Fluoride-containing crystalline alumino-silicates |
US3933983A (en) * | 1971-06-07 | 1976-01-20 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Method of increasing the thermal stability of crystalline zeolites |
US3849340A (en) * | 1971-11-10 | 1974-11-19 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Hydrocarbon conversion catalyst |
US3763260A (en) * | 1971-11-10 | 1973-10-02 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Hydrocarbon conversion catalyst |
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US4301316A (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1981-11-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparing phenylalkanes |
US4283573A (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1981-08-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Long-chain alkylphenols |
US4301317A (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1981-11-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparation of 2-phenylalkanes |
US4570027A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1986-02-11 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Alkylation of aromatic molecules using a silica-alumina catalyst derived from zeolite |
EP0160145A3 (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1986-03-05 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Alkylation of aromatic molecules using wide pore, amorphous silica-alumina catalyst |
US5055627A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1991-10-08 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Process for the preparation of cumene |
US5176883A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1993-01-05 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Alkylation of organic aromatic compounds |
US5243115A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1993-09-07 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Alkylation of organic aromatic compounds |
US4731497A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-03-15 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Alkylation of aromatics with alpha-olefins |
US4918244A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1990-04-17 | Texaco Inc. | Preparation of MTBE from TBA and methanol |
US4849569A (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1989-07-18 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Alkylation of organic aromatic compounds |
US5175135A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1992-12-29 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation of aromatic compounds to alkylates enriched in the linear substituted isomers |
US5243116A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1993-09-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation of aromatic compounds |
US5198595A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1993-03-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation of aromatic compounds |
US4973780A (en) * | 1988-04-27 | 1990-11-27 | Lummus Crest, Inc. | Alkylation of benzene in a moving bed |
ES2007545A6 (es) * | 1988-08-03 | 1989-06-16 | Petroquimica Espanola S A Petr | Proceso de alquilacion catalitica en lecho fijo de hidrocarburos aromaticos. |
US5082990A (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1992-01-21 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Alkylation of aromatics-containing refinery streams |
US5019669A (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1991-05-28 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Alkylation of organic aromatic compounds |
US5204064A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1993-04-20 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Apparatus for conducting a catalytic distillation process |
US5262576A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1993-11-16 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Method for the alkylation of organic aromatic compounds |
US4978807A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1990-12-18 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Method for the preparation of methyl tertiary butyl ether |
US5120403A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1992-06-09 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Method for operating a catalytic distillation process |
US5221441A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1993-06-22 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Method for operating a catalytic distillation process |
FR2648129B1 (fr) * | 1989-06-07 | 1991-10-31 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production d'alkylbenzenes utilisant des catalyseurs a base de zeolithe y desaluminee |
US4950834A (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1990-08-21 | Arganbright Robert P | Alkylation of organic aromatic compounds in a dual bed system |
US5034564A (en) * | 1990-04-12 | 1991-07-23 | Uop | Production of alkyl aromatic compounds |
US5171904A (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1992-12-15 | Texaco Chemical Company | Synthetic lubricant base stocks having an improved pour point |
FR2664264B1 (fr) * | 1990-07-09 | 1992-09-18 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production de 2- et 3-phenylalcanes utilisant un catalyseur a base de mordenite modifiee. |
US5043506A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1991-08-27 | Crossland Clifford S | Process for the alkylation of organic aromtic compounds in the presence of inert aliphatic compounds |
US5118896A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-06-02 | Amoco Corporation | Aromatic alkylation process using large macropore, small particle size, zeolite catalyst |
US5087784A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-02-11 | Amoco Corporation | Aromatic alkylation process and apparatus |
US5086193A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-02-04 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Aromatic alkylation process |
ES2121776T3 (es) * | 1991-03-21 | 1998-12-16 | Solutia Europ Nv Sa | Procedimiento catalitico mejorado para la alquilacion selectiva de hidrocarburos aromaticos. |
KR100186839B1 (ko) * | 1991-06-21 | 1999-05-15 | 리챠드 지. 워터맨 | 방향족 화합물의 알킬화방법 |
FR2684893A1 (fr) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-06-18 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de distillation reactive catalytique et appareillage pour sa mise en óoeuvre. |
US5344997A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1994-09-06 | Uop | Alkylation of aromatics using a fluorided silica-alumina catalyst |
US5196574A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-03-23 | Uop | Detergent alkylation process using a fluorided silica-alumina |
US5171896A (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1992-12-15 | Texaco Chemical Company | Alkylphenol synthesis using acid-modified inorganic clay catalysts |
US5258560A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1993-11-02 | Uop | Etherification of C5 -plus olefins by catalytic distillation |
US5334793A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-08-02 | Uop | Increasing catalyst life and improving product linearity in the alkylation of aromatics with linear olefins |
US5273644A (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1993-12-28 | Uop | Integrated reforming and alkylation process for low benzene reformate |
US5313005A (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-05-17 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Method for controlling catalytic distillation etherifications |
US5385646A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-01-31 | Farmland Industries, Inc. | Method of treating chemical process effluent |
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-
1996
- 1996-02-08 US US08/598,695 patent/US5770782A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-07 ID IDP970404A patent/ID15928A/id unknown
- 1997-02-10 DE DE69702967T patent/DE69702967T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-10 JP JP52873997A patent/JP2002515030A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-02-10 KR KR1019980706028A patent/KR19990082299A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1997-02-10 CA CA002244794A patent/CA2244794A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-02-10 EP EP97905896A patent/EP0885182B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-10 WO PCT/US1997/002125 patent/WO1997029064A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-02-10 CN CN97192128A patent/CN1064661C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-10 RU RU98116737/04A patent/RU2179166C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-02-10 ES ES97905896T patent/ES2149573T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-11 TW TW086103009A patent/TW374079B/zh active
- 1997-06-20 US US08/879,745 patent/US6315964B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6315964B1 (en) | 2001-11-13 |
RU2179166C2 (ru) | 2002-02-10 |
DE69702967T2 (de) | 2000-12-28 |
DE69702967D1 (de) | 2000-10-05 |
WO1997029064A1 (en) | 1997-08-14 |
US5770782A (en) | 1998-06-23 |
EP0885182B1 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
CN1064661C (zh) | 2001-04-18 |
EP0885182A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
CA2244794A1 (en) | 1997-08-14 |
KR19990082299A (ko) | 1999-11-25 |
ID15928A (id) | 1997-08-21 |
ES2149573T3 (es) | 2000-11-01 |
JP2002515030A (ja) | 2002-05-21 |
CN1210510A (zh) | 1999-03-10 |
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