TW202239746A - 氟系離子性液體及其製造方法 - Google Patents
氟系離子性液體及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202239746A TW202239746A TW111106933A TW111106933A TW202239746A TW 202239746 A TW202239746 A TW 202239746A TW 111106933 A TW111106933 A TW 111106933A TW 111106933 A TW111106933 A TW 111106933A TW 202239746 A TW202239746 A TW 202239746A
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- ionic liquid
- fluorine
- cation
- based ionic
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- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 acryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 93
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005641 methacryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
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- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 13
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
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- YJKKNFIGBRWJHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-methyl-1-octylpyridin-1-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=C(C)C=C1 YJKKNFIGBRWJHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-fluorosulfonylsulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MHEBVKPOSBNNAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [K+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O MHEBVKPOSBNNAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCBr VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VRFOKYHDLYBVAL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 VRFOKYHDLYBVAL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- OSCFFOTZWZZXPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-octylpyridin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=C(C)C=C1 OSCFFOTZWZZXPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC=C1 FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQDPVQDZFCBCPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCOC(C(C)=C)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCOC(C(C)=C)=O BQDPVQDZFCBCPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(tributyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZIUQKDYLQMSWAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]-octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](CC)(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C ZIUQKDYLQMSWAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAQFTESTCOJJLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-methyl-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C HAQFTESTCOJJLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOHYFCXREAFWQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-methyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C IOHYFCXREAFWQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRJAYQWBISQKEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-methyl-[3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propyl]azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C YRJAYQWBISQKEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOIZAXRKEIFLPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-methyl-octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CC)CC BOIZAXRKEIFLPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJJMCNDWAZKUAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-octyl-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](CC)(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C UJJMCNDWAZKUAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPXPXOHUDCKHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]-octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C PPXPXOHUDCKHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium Chemical compound C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDKSMCWYOYTSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-octyl-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C=C QDKSMCWYOYTSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTAHAMRVBYPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-diethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](CC)(CC)CCOC(=O)C(=C)C OKTAHAMRVBYPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDEJJVMHAIEVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-diethyl-methylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CC)CC IDEJJVMHAIEVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIMCRYQUAYQOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-dimethyl-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C=C WIMCRYQUAYQOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLHYKNARXXDKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-dimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C DLHYKNARXXDKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIBQZDXLMHDYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-dimethyl-octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCC WIBQZDXLMHDYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSQMWSZGQGXHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-ethyl-dimethylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC BPSQMWSZGQGXHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCBWPYHUDYCETC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-ethyl-methyl-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C ZCBWPYHUDYCETC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRTRNOYJLJQUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl-methyl-dioctylazanium Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)C GRTRNOYJLJQUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-O dodecylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VICYBMUVWHJEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VICYBMUVWHJEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- OPPPFWILQBOEFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-dimethyl-octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC OPPPFWILQBOEFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVCCGFNKFVNWTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-methyl-dioctylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CC)CCCCCCCC ZVCCGFNKFVNWTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJKMGUJGHSRPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-methyl-octyl-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C PJKMGUJGHSRPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOMFVLRTMZWACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyltrimethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(C)C YOMFVLRTMZWACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYVYLVCVXXCYRI-UHFFFAOYSA-O hydron;1-propylimidazole Chemical compound CCCN1C=C[NH+]=C1 IYVYLVCVXXCYRI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- NNCAWEWCFVZOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N mepiquat Chemical compound C[N+]1(C)CCCCC1 NNCAWEWCFVZOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound COS(C)(=O)=O MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVUGARXRRGZONH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CC)CC BVUGARXRRGZONH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMXXDRKTOJAAQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 NMXXDRKTOJAAQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVOAXSXONVJDLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-5-phenylpentan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ZVOAXSXONVJDLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCC MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- VHZRRQKKHDNLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCC VHZRRQKKHDNLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-O octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[NH3+] IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- HTKPDYSCAPSXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C HTKPDYSCAPSXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- DKORSYDQYFVQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound CCCOS(C)(=O)=O DKORSYDQYFVQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHYBTAZWINMGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraoctylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC CHYBTAZWINMGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAACHCXTWWGGDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCOC(=O)C=C IAACHCXTWWGGDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJHUXWBTVVFLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC HJHUXWBTVVFLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPILPUZVTYHGIL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(methyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC IPILPUZVTYHGIL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BBKZEFJVSDDZBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C BBKZEFJVSDDZBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBHRWOBHKASWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M tridodecyl(methyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC SBHRWOBHKASWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VCISDWJIHKTDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C VCISDWJIHKTDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CC SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIUAMYPYEUQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C=C AIUAMYPYEUQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGVWWFCEYXERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC=C KGVWWFCEYXERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFMMZYROHDWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C USFMMZYROHDWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JDRKUJHGRBMBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC JDRKUJHGRBMBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/68—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
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- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/36—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of amides of sulfonic acids
- C07C303/40—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of amides of sulfonic acids by reactions not involving the formation of sulfonamide groups
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- C07C311/48—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of sulfonamide groups further bound to another hetero atom
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- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/323—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms
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- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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Abstract
本發明的課題在於抑制高溫環境下的著色,使長期的色相穩定性成為可能。實施形態的氟系離子性液體是包含陽離子K
+及陰離子A
-的對且由下述式(1)表示的離子性液體,其中,陽離子K
+為選自下述式(2)所表示的群組中的一種或兩種以上,陰離子A
-為氟系陰離子,所述氟系離子性液體於電位差滴定法中的總胺價為0.013以下。
Description
本發明是有關於一種氟系離子性液體,及其製造方法。
近年來,液晶電視機、個人電腦(personal computer)、行動電話、搭載有觸控面板(touch panel)的智慧型手機(smart phone)、汽車導航系統(car navigation system)等使用平板顯示器(flat-panel display)的電子製品廣泛普及。於電視機中,大型化不斷發展,於行動/車載用顯示器中,有高畫質、高功能化的傾向。其中,靜電問題成為更大的課題,越大型則帶電的風險越高,越為高性能的構件,則故障等問題的影響越大。基於此種背景,例如於黏著劑(偏光板、保護膜、半導體等)、紫外(ultraviolet,UV)硬化型硬塗劑(抗反射(anti-reflection,AR)膜、防眩光(anti-glare,AG)膜等)、OA輥等大範圍的電子材料領域中,要求開發防止靜電的效果較目前更高的、即藉由少量添加便能夠降低電阻的抗靜電劑。
作為先前的主要抗靜電劑,使用了界面活性劑、無機填料、導電性高分子。該些材料存在以下課題:由於濕度依存性或擦拭等,性能難以持續、出現混濁(haze)等外觀不良、或者由於添加量多而無法維持樹脂性能等。與此相對,離子性液體作為能夠解決該些課題的材料而備受矚目,適用於電子構件中。
然而,離子性液體是難揮發性的,因此無法藉由蒸餾進行精製。因此,其高純度化被視為一大課題,為了離子性液體的高純度化,進行了各種開發(參照專利文獻1、專利文獻2)。
[現有技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2010-184902號公報
[專利文獻2]日本專利第4499594號公報
[發明所欲解決之課題]
光學上透明的材料隨著使用環境或時間而變黃、出現混濁、或者成為反射性的現象於許多用途中並不理想。特別是於光學材料中,高溫環境下的變色是一大課題。例如,對於用作抗靜電劑等的離子性液體亦要求抑制高溫環境下的著色,從而需要高純度化。
先前的高純度化方法是藉由原料精製或四級化劑的改進來實施,但根據烷基鏈或胺的種類,精製方法為限定性的,而且無法採取確定出著色成分且專用於其去除的精製方法。為了抑制高溫環境下的著色,要求確定離子性液體中的著色成分,除去該著色成分。
本發明的實施形態鑒於以上方面,目的在於提供一種抑制高溫環境下的著色,使長期的色相穩定性成為可能的氟系離子性液體及其製造方法。
[解決課題之手段]
本發明包括以下所示的實施形態。
[1] 一種氟系離子性液體,是包含陽離子K
+及陰離子A
-的對且由下述通式(1)表示的離子性液體,其中,所述陽離子K
+為選自下述通式(2)所表示的群組中的一種或兩種以上,所述陰離子A
-為氟系陰離子,所述氟系離子性液體於電位差滴定法中的總胺價為0.013以下。
通式(1):K
+A
-通式(2):
[化1]
式(2)中,R
1~R
9分別獨立地為經取代或未經取代的碳數1~20的飽和或不飽和的直鏈狀、分支狀或環狀的脂肪族烴基、經取代或未經取代的碳數6~30的芳基、或者經取代或未經取代的碳數7~31的芳基烷基,其中,R
5~R
9分別獨立地可為氫原子,於所述脂肪族烴基、所述芳基或所述芳基烷基經取代的情況下,是經選自由鹵素原子、烷氧基、芳基氧基、烷氧基羰基、丙烯醯基、甲基丙烯醯基、醯基氧基、醯基、羥基、羧基、甲醯基、巰基、磺基、甲磺醯基、對甲苯磺醯基、氰基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基及三甲基矽烷基所組成的群組中的至少一種取代,n為1~5的整數,式(f)所表示的化合物為包含一個以上的X所表示的氧原子或硫原子的四員環~七員環的飽和或不飽和的雜環式化合物。
[2] 如[1]所述的氟系離子性液體,用作光學材料的添加劑。
[3] 一種氟系離子性液體的製造方法,是如[1]或[2]所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,且包括:
使包含所述陽離子K
+的化合物與包含所述陰離子A
-的化合物反應而生成氟系離子性液體,使所獲得的氟系離子性液體與酸接觸。
[4] 如[3]所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,其中,使所述氟系離子性液體於50℃以上與酸接觸。
[5] 一種氟系離子性液體的製造方法,是如[1]或[2]所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,且包括:
使胺與四級化劑反應而生成包含所述陽離子K
+的化合物,使包含所述陽離子K
+的化合物與酸接觸,然後使包含所述陽離子K
+的化合物與包含所述陰離子A
-的化合物反應而生成氟系離子性液體。
[6] 如[5]所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,其中,使包含所述陽離子K
+的化合物於50℃以上與酸接觸。
[發明的效果]
根據本發明的實施形態,可抑制高溫環境下的著色,獲得長期的色相穩定性。
本發明者等人發現,為了抑制高溫環境下的著色,需要將氟系離子性液體中殘存的雜質去除,最有效的去除以微量殘存的一級胺~三級胺。例如,明確了包含來源於原料的胺作為雜質的氟系離子性液體於高溫下會逐漸發生著色。因此,本發明者等人極力去除氟系離子性液體中殘存的胺,且發現藉由電位差滴定法中的總胺價的數值為0.013以下,可抑制氟系離子性液體於高溫環境下的著色,長期維持色相穩定性。
本實施形態的氟系離子性液體(以下,有時簡稱為離子性液體。)為下述通式(1)所表示的化合物,且包含陽離子K
+及陰離子A
-的對。此處,所謂離子性液體是指熔點為100℃以下的離子對化合物。
通式(1):K
+A
-
式(2)中,R
1~R
4分別獨立地為經取代或未經取代的碳數1~20的飽和或不飽和的直鏈狀、分支狀或環狀的脂肪族烴基、經取代或未經取代的碳數6~30的芳基、或者經取代或未經取代的碳數7~31的芳基烷基。R
5~R
9分別獨立地為所述脂肪族烴基、所述芳基、所述芳基烷基、或氫原子。
所述脂肪族烴基為烷基、烯基等一價脂肪族烴基,可為直鏈狀或分支狀的鏈式,亦可為環狀(即,脂環式),環狀時亦可具有支鏈。該脂肪族烴基的碳數為1~20,更佳為1~12。此處所謂脂肪族烴基的碳數,於脂肪族烴基具有後述的取代基的情況下,不包括該取代基中所含的碳原子的數量。
所述芳基的碳數為6~30,較佳為6~20,更佳為6~10。此處所謂芳基的碳數,於芳基具有後述的取代基的情況下,不包括該取代基中所含的碳原子的數量。
所述芳基烷基的碳數為7~31,較佳為7~21,更佳為7~11。此處所謂芳基烷基的碳數,於芳基烷基具有後述的取代基的情況下,不包括該取代基中所含的碳原子的數量。
關於所述脂肪族烴基、芳基及芳基烷基,所謂「經取代或未經取代的」是指該些基中的一個以上的氫原子可經取代基取代,亦可未經取代。作為該取代基,可列舉鹵原子、烷氧基、芳基氧基、烷氧基羰基、丙烯醯基、甲基丙烯醯基、醯基氧基、醯基、羥基、羧基、甲醯基、巰基、磺基、甲醯基、對甲苯磺醯基、氰基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基、及三甲基矽烷基,該些亦可組合任意一種或兩種以上作為取代基來導入。
式(b)中的n表示1~5的整數,因此,式(2)-(b)所表示的化合物為包含一個氮原子的五員環~九員環的飽和雜環式化合物。n較佳為1或2。
式(f)中的X表示氧原子或硫原子,式(f)所表示的化合物為包含一個以上的X所表示的氧原子或硫原子的四員環~七員環(更佳為五員環~六員環)的、飽和或不飽和的雜環式化合物。
作為式(a)所表示的咪唑鎓陽離子的具體例,可列舉:1,3-二甲基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓、1-甲基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑鎓、1-己基-3-甲基咪唑鎓、1-甲基-3-辛基咪唑鎓、1-十二烷基-3-甲基咪唑鎓、1,3-二乙基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-丁基-3-乙基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-3-己基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-3-辛基咪唑鎓、1-十二烷基-3-乙基咪唑鎓、1,3-二丙基咪唑鎓、1-丁基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-己基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-辛基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-十二烷基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓、1,3-二烯丙基咪唑鎓、1,2,3-三甲基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-2,3-二甲基咪唑鎓、1,2-二甲基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-丁基-2,3-二甲基咪唑鎓、1-己基-2,3-二甲基咪唑鎓、1,2-二甲基-3-辛基咪唑鎓、1-十二烷基-2,3-二甲基咪唑鎓、1,3-二乙基-2-甲基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-2-甲基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-丁基-3-乙基-2-甲基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-3-己基-2-甲基咪唑鎓、1-乙基-2-甲基-3-辛基咪唑鎓、1-十二烷基-3-乙基-2-甲基咪唑鎓、2-甲基-1,3-二丙基咪唑鎓、1-丁基-2-甲基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-己基-2-甲基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-辛基-2-甲基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-十二烷基-2-甲基-3-丙基咪唑鎓、1-烯丙基-2,3-甲基咪唑鎓、1,3-二烯丙基-2-甲基咪唑鎓等。該些可使用任意一種或組合使用兩種以上。
作為式(b)所表示的陽離子的具體例,可列舉:1,1-二甲基吡咯啶鎓、1-乙基-1-甲基吡咯啶鎓、1-甲基-1-丙基吡咯啶鎓、1-丁基-1-甲基吡咯啶鎓、1-甲基-1-己基吡咯啶鎓、1-甲基-1-辛基吡咯啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-甲基吡咯啶鎓、1,1-二乙基吡咯啶鎓、1-乙基-1-丙基吡咯啶鎓、1-丁基-1-乙基吡咯啶鎓、1-乙基-1-己基吡咯啶鎓、1-乙基-1-辛基吡咯啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-乙基吡咯啶鎓、1,1-二丙基吡咯啶鎓、1-丁基-1-丙基吡咯啶鎓、1-丙基-1-己基吡咯啶鎓、1-丙基-1-辛基吡咯啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-丙基吡咯啶鎓、1,1-二丁基吡咯啶鎓、1-丁基-1-己基吡咯啶鎓、1-丁基-1-辛基吡咯啶鎓、1-丁基-1-十二烷基吡咯啶鎓、1,1-二己基吡咯啶鎓、1-己基-1-辛基吡咯啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-己基吡咯啶鎓、1,1-二辛基吡咯啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-辛基吡咯啶鎓、1,1-二-十二烷基吡咯啶鎓等吡咯啶鎓陽離子;1,1-二甲基哌啶鎓、1-乙基-1-甲基哌啶鎓、1-甲基-1-丙基哌啶鎓、1-丁基-1-甲基哌啶鎓、1-甲基-1-己基哌啶鎓、1-甲基-1-辛基哌啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-甲基哌啶鎓、1,1-二乙基哌啶鎓、1-乙基-1-丙基哌啶鎓、1-丁基-1-乙基哌啶鎓、1-乙基-1-己基哌啶鎓、1-乙基-1-辛基哌啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-乙基哌啶鎓、1,1-二丙基哌啶鎓、1-丁基-1-丙基哌啶鎓、1-丙基-1-己基哌啶鎓、1-丙基-1-辛基哌啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-丙基哌啶鎓、1,1-二丁基哌啶鎓、1-丁基-1-己基哌啶鎓、1-丁基-1-辛基哌啶鎓、1-丁基-1-十二烷基哌啶鎓、1,1-二己基哌啶鎓、1-己基-1-辛基哌啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-己基哌啶鎓、1,1-二辛基哌啶鎓、1-十二烷基-1-辛基哌啶鎓、1,1-二-十二烷基哌啶鎓等哌啶鎓陽離子等。該些可使用任意一種或組合使用兩種以上。
作為式(c)所表示的吡啶鎓陽離子的具體例,可列舉:1-甲基吡啶鎓、1-乙基吡啶鎓、1-丙基吡啶鎓、1-丁基吡啶鎓、1-戊基吡啶鎓、1-己基吡啶鎓、1-辛基吡啶鎓、1-十二烷基吡啶鎓、1-甲基-4-甲基吡啶鎓、1-乙基-4-甲基吡啶鎓、1-丁基-4-甲基吡啶鎓、1-己基-4-甲基吡啶鎓、1-辛基-4-甲基吡啶鎓、1-十二烷基-4-甲基吡啶鎓、1-甲基-3-甲基吡啶鎓、1-乙基-3-甲基吡啶鎓、1-丁基-3-甲基吡啶鎓、1-己基-3-甲基吡啶鎓、1-辛基-3-甲基吡啶鎓、1-十二烷基-3-甲基吡啶鎓、1-甲基-2-甲基吡啶鎓、1-乙基-2-甲基吡啶鎓、1-丁基-2-甲基吡啶鎓、1-己基-2-甲基吡啶鎓、1-辛基-2-甲基吡啶鎓、1-十二烷基-2-甲基吡啶鎓等。該些可使用任意一種或組合使用兩種以上。
作為式(d)所表示的銨陽離子的具體例,可列舉:四甲基銨、四乙基銨、四丁基銨、四辛基銨、乙基三甲基銨、丁基三甲基銨、三甲基辛基銨、三甲基十二烷基銨、二乙基二甲基銨、丁基乙基二甲基銨、乙基二甲基辛基銨、乙基十二烷基二甲基銨、二丁基二甲基銨、丁基二甲基辛基銨、丁基十二烷基二甲基銨、十二烷基二甲基辛基銨、二-十二烷基二甲基銨、三乙基甲基銨、丁基二乙基甲基銨、二乙基甲基辛基銨、十二烷基二乙基甲基銨、二丁基乙基甲基銨、丁基乙基甲基辛基銨、丁基十二烷基乙基甲基銨、乙基甲基二辛基銨、十二烷基乙基甲基辛基銨、三丁基甲基銨、二丁基甲基辛基銨、二丁基十二烷基甲基銨、丁基甲基二辛基銨、丁基十二烷基甲基辛基銨、丁基二-十二烷基甲基銨、甲基三辛基銨、十二烷基甲基二辛基銨、二-十二烷基甲基辛基銨、三-十二烷基甲基銨等烷基銨陽離子;苄基三甲基銨、苄基三乙基銨、苄基三丁基銨、苄基三辛基銨、苄基乙基二甲基銨、苄基丁基二甲基銨、苄基二甲基辛基銨、苄基二甲基十二烷基銨、苄基二乙基甲基銨、苄基丁基乙基甲基銨、苄基乙基甲基辛基銨、苄基乙基十二烷基甲基銨、苄基二丁基甲基銨、苄基丁基甲基辛基銨、苄基丁基十二烷基甲基銨、苄基十二烷基甲基辛基銨、苄基二-十二烷基甲基銨、苄基丁基二乙基銨、苄基二乙基辛基銨、苄基十二烷基二乙基銨、苄基二丁基乙基銨、苄基丁基乙基辛基銨、苄基丁基十二烷基乙基銨、苄基乙基二辛基銨、苄基十二烷基乙基辛基銨、苄基二丁基辛基銨、苄基二丁基十二烷基銨、苄基丁基二辛基銨、苄基丁基十二烷基辛基銨、苄基丁基二-十二烷基銨、苄基十二烷基二辛基銨、苄基二-十二烷基辛基銨等苄基烷基銨陽離子;烯丙基三甲基銨、烯丙基三乙基銨、烯丙基三丁基銨、烯丙基三辛基銨、烯丙基乙基二甲基銨、烯丙基丁基二甲基銨、烯丙基二甲基辛基銨、烯丙基二甲基十二烷基銨、烯丙基二乙基甲基銨、烯丙基丁基乙基甲基銨、烯丙基乙基甲基辛基銨、烯丙基乙基十二烷基甲基銨、烯丙基二丁基甲基銨、烯丙基丁基甲基辛基銨、烯丙基丁基十二烷基甲基銨、烯丙基十二烷基甲基辛基銨、烯丙基二-十二烷基甲基銨、烯丙基丁基二乙基銨、烯丙基二乙基辛基銨、烯丙基十二烷基二乙基銨、烯丙基二丁基乙基銨、烯丙基丁基乙基辛基銨、烯丙基丁基十二烷基乙基銨、烯丙基乙基二辛基銨、烯丙基十二烷基乙基辛基銨、烯丙基二丁基辛基銨、烯丙基二丁基十二烷基銨、烯丙基丁基二辛基銨、烯丙基丁基十二烷基辛基銨、烯丙基丁基二-十二烷基銨、烯丙基十二烷基二辛基銨、烯丙基二-十二烷基辛基銨、二烯丙基二甲基銨、二烯丙基乙基甲基銨、二烯丙基丁基甲基銨、二烯丙基辛基銨、二烯丙基十二烷基銨等烯丙基烷基銨陽離子;2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三乙基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三丁基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基二甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二甲基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二甲基十二烷基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二乙基甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基乙基甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基甲基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基十二烷基甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基甲基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基十二烷基甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基甲基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二-十二烷基甲基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二乙基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二乙基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基二乙基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基乙基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基乙基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基十二烷基乙基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基二辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基乙基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基十二烷基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基十二烷基辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二-十二烷基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基二辛基銨、2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二-十二烷基辛基銨等2-丙烯醯基氧基乙基-烷基銨陽離子;2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三乙基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三丁基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-三辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基二甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二甲基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二甲基十二烷基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二乙基甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基乙基甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基甲基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基十二烷基甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基甲基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基十二烷基甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基甲基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二-十二烷基甲基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二乙基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二乙基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基二乙基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基乙基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基乙基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基十二烷基乙基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-乙基二辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基乙基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二丁基十二烷基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基十二烷基辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-丁基二-十二烷基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-十二烷基二辛基銨、2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-二-十二烷基辛基銨等2-甲基丙烯醯基氧基乙基-烷基銨陽離子。該些可使用任意一種或組合使用兩種以上。
作為式(e)所表示的吡咯鎓陽離子的具體例,可列舉:1,1-二甲基吡咯鎓、1-乙基-1-甲基吡咯鎓、1-甲基-1-丙基吡咯鎓、1-丁基-1-甲基吡咯鎓、1-甲基-1-己基吡咯鎓、1-甲基-1-辛基吡咯鎓、1-十二烷基-1-甲基吡咯鎓、1,1-二乙基吡咯鎓、1-乙基-1-丙基吡咯鎓、1-丁基-1-乙基吡咯鎓、1-乙基-1-己基吡咯鎓、1-乙基-1-辛基吡咯鎓、1-十二烷基-1-乙基吡咯鎓、1,1-二丙基吡咯鎓、1-丁基-1-丙基吡咯鎓、1-丙基-1-己基吡咯鎓、1-丙基-1-辛基吡咯鎓、1-十二烷基-1-丙基吡咯鎓、1,1-二丁基吡咯鎓、1-丁基-1-己基吡咯鎓、1-丁基-1-辛基吡咯鎓、1-丁基-1-十二烷基吡咯鎓、1,1-二己基吡咯鎓、1-己基-1-辛基吡咯鎓、1-十二烷基-1-己基吡咯鎓、1,1-二辛基吡咯鎓、1-十二烷基-1-辛基吡咯鎓、1,1-二-十二烷基吡咯鎓等吡咯鎓陽離子。該些可使用任意一種或組合使用兩種以上。
作為式(f)所表示的陽離子的具體例,可列舉:4,4-二甲基嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-甲基嗎啉鎓、4-甲基-4-丙基嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-甲基嗎啉鎓、4-己基-4-甲基嗎啉鎓、4-甲基-4-辛基嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-甲基嗎啉鎓、4,4-二乙基嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-丙基嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-乙基嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-己基嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-辛基嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-乙基嗎啉鎓、4,4-二丙基嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-丙基嗎啉鎓、4-己基-4-丙基嗎啉鎓、4-辛基-4-丙基嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-丙基嗎啉鎓、4,4-二丁基嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-己基嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-辛基嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-十二烷基嗎啉鎓、4,4-二己基嗎啉鎓、4-己基-4-辛基嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-己基嗎啉鎓、4,4-二辛基嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-辛基嗎啉鎓、4,4-二-十二烷基嗎啉鎓等嗎啉鎓陽離子;4,4-二甲基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-甲基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-甲基-4-丙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-甲基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-己基-4-甲基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-甲基-4-辛基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-甲基硫代嗎啉鎓、4,4-二乙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-丙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-乙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-己基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-乙基-4-辛基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-乙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4,4-二丙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-丙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-己基-4-丙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-辛基-4-丙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-丙基硫代嗎啉鎓、4,4-二丁基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-己基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-辛基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-丁基-4-十二烷基硫代嗎啉鎓、4,4-二己基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-己基-4-辛基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-己基硫代嗎啉鎓、4,4-二辛基硫代嗎啉鎓、4-十二烷基-4-辛基硫代嗎啉鎓、4,4-二-十二烷基硫代嗎啉鎓等硫代嗎啉鎓陽離子等。該些可使用任意一種或組合使用兩種以上。
作為所述陰離子A
-,可使用氟系陰離子。作為氟系陰離子,並無特別限定,例如可列舉:四氟硼酸鹽(BF
4 -)、六氟磷酸鹽(PF
6 -)等無機氟系陰離子;CF
3SO
3 -等RSO
3 -(式中,R表示氟烷基)所表示的氟烷烴磺酸鹽陰離子;(CF
3SO
2)
2N
-(即,雙(三氟甲基磺醯基)亞胺(bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide,TFSI)陰離子)、(C
2F
5SO
2)
2N
-等(RSO
2)
2N
-(式中,R表示氟烷基)所表示的氟代烷烴磺醯基亞胺陰離子;(FSO
2)
2N
-(即,雙(氟磺醯基)亞胺(bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide,FSI)陰離子);(CF
3SO
2)
3C
-等(RSO
2)
3C
-(式中,R表示氟烷基)所表示的氟烷烴磺醯基碳陰離子;CF
3CO
2 -、C
3F
7CO
2 -等RCOO
-(式中,R表示氟烷基)所表示的氟代羧酸鹽陰離子酸等。該些可使用任意一種或組合使用兩種以上。
本實施形態的離子性液體於電位差滴定法中的總胺價為0.013以下。藉由總胺價為0.013以下,可抑制高溫環境下的著色,獲得長期的色相穩定性。離子性液體的總胺價以與中和1 g試樣(離子性液體)中所含的總鹼性氮所需的過氯酸為相當量的氫氧化鉀的mg數表示,且設為無名數。離子性液體的總胺價較佳為0.010以下。該總胺價越小越佳,因此下限並無特別限定。
總胺價為0.013以下的離子性液體可藉由將作為來源於原料的雜質的一級胺~三級胺去除而獲得。於使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與包含陰離子A
-的化合物反應而獲得的離子性液體的製造方法中,作為一級胺~三級胺的去除方法,例如可列舉於離子性液體的反應生成後、或反應前的原料(即,包含陽離子K
+的化合物)的階段,使殘存的一級胺~三級胺與酸接觸而將一級胺~三級胺去除的方法。但是,只要可將一級胺~三級胺去除至總胺價成為0.013以下,則並不限定於此種與酸接觸的方法。
一實施形態的離子性液體的製造方法包括:使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與包含陰離子A
-的化合物反應而生成離子性液體,使所獲得的離子性液體與酸接觸。例如可列舉包括下述步驟1~步驟3的方法。
・步驟1:使胺與四級化劑反應而生成包含陽離子K
+的化合物的步驟;
・步驟2:使所獲得的包含陽離子K
+的化合物與包含陰離子A
-的化合物反應而生成離子性液體的步驟;以及
・步驟3:使所獲得的離子性液體與酸接觸的步驟。
作為步驟1中使用的胺,可列舉與所述陽離子K
+對應的胺,較佳為三級胺。作為使胺四級化的四級化劑,例如可列舉:氯甲烷、溴甲烷、溴辛烷等鹵烷;二甲基硫酸、二乙基硫酸、二丙基硫酸、二己基硫酸等二烷基硫酸;甲磺酸丙酯、甲磺酸甲酯等甲磺酸烷基酯;三甲基磷酸等三烷基磷酸;苄基鹵;縮水甘油醚化合物;表氯醇等。藉由使胺與四級化劑反應,可獲得四級銨鹽作為包含陽離子K
+的化合物。
於步驟2中,使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與包含陰離子A
-的化合物反應。具體而言,作為包含陰離子A
-的化合物而使用陰離子A
-的鹼金屬鹽,藉由將所述四級銨鹽與相等莫耳量的該鹼金屬鹽於水或溶媒中混合,可進行鹽交換,從而獲得所述通式(1)所表示的離子性液體。
於步驟3中,將上述反應後分離的離子性液體層取出,並向其中加入酸,藉此使離子性液體與酸接觸。詳細而言,藉由將離子性液體與酸的水溶液混合,使離子性液體中殘存的一級胺~三級胺與酸接觸並發生反應,然後分離為兩層,將離子性液體層取出。重覆進行一次或兩次以上的此種利用酸的處理與分離後,對取出的離子性液體進行水洗,藉此可去除副生成物。
與離子性液體接觸的酸並無特別限定,例如可列舉氯化氫、溴化氫、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等無機酸;甲磺酸、對甲苯磺酸等磺酸;乙酸、檸檬酸、草酸等羧酸等,可為該些的任意一種或組合兩種以上。
利用酸的處理與分離的重覆次數並無特別限定,只要重覆進行利用酸的處理與分離直至離子性液體的總胺價成為0.013以下即可。
離子性液體與酸接觸時的溫度(即,利用酸的處理溫度)較佳為50℃以上。藉由於50℃以上進行處理,可提高殘存的一級胺~三級胺的去除效率,可減少所述利用酸的處理與分離的重覆次數。利用酸的處理溫度的上限並無特別限定,但較佳為90℃以下。
如上所述般進行水洗後,例如藉由真空乾燥而可獲得實施形態的離子性液體。
於所述實施形態中,設為在包含陽離子K
+的化合物與包含陰離子A
-的化合物的反應後使用酸將一級胺~三級胺去除,但利用酸的處理亦可於反應前的原料階段實施,亦可於反應前的原料階段和反應後此兩個階段實施。
即,其他實施形態的離子性液體的製造方法包括:使胺與四級化劑反應而生成包含陽離子K
+的化合物的步驟;使所獲得的包含陽離子K
+的化合物與酸接觸的步驟;繼而使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與包含陰離子A
-的化合物反應而生成離子性液體的步驟;以及對所生成的離子性液體進行水洗的步驟。
作為使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與酸接觸的方法,於藉由胺與四級化劑的反應而生成包含陽離子K
+的化合物後,於包含陽離子K
+的化合物單體、或者甲醇、異丙醇等醇;乙酸乙酯或乙酸丁酯等羧酸酯;甲苯等有機溶劑稀釋條件下或者水稀釋條件下加入酸,藉此使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與酸接觸。關於使殘存於包含陽離子K
+的化合物中的一級胺~三級胺與酸接觸並反應而得的副生成物,於使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與包含陰離子A
-的化合物反應而生成離子性液體的步驟之後,藉由對所生成的離子性液體進行水洗的步驟而被去除。
使包含陽離子K
+的化合物與酸接觸時的溫度(即,利用酸的處理溫度)較佳為50℃以上。藉由於50℃以上進行處理,可提高殘存的一級胺~三級胺的去除效率。利用酸的處理溫度的上限並無特別限定,但較佳為90℃以下。
實施形態的離子性液體的用途並無特別限定,可用於各種電氣電子材料領域。根據本實施形態,可抑制高溫環境下的著色,因此可提供一種相對於各種電化學元件、特別是面向光學材料的用途(例如,需要耐熱性的車載用顯示器等)示出高性能的氟系離子性液體。
於一實施形態中,該離子性液體可較佳地用作光學材料的添加劑。作為該添加劑,例如可列舉抗靜電劑、導電賦予劑、表面處理劑、阻燃劑、塑化劑、殺菌劑、增溶劑、CO
2吸收劑、潤滑劑等,並可改善來源於該些添加劑的經時性著色。
[實施例]
以下,藉由實施例更具體地進行說明,但本發明並不限定於以下的實施例。
將實施例及比較例中使用的原料示於以下。
[評價方法]
・總胺價:
將試樣溶解於乙酸中,製作分析樣品。利用平沼(HIRANUMA)股份有限公司製造的電位差滴定裝置COM-1700A(平沼(HIRANUMA)股份有限公司製造的指示電極:玻璃電極GE-101B、平沼(HIRANUMA)股份有限公司製造的參照電極:4M-KCl內部電極RE-201、岸田化學製造的滴定液:0.01 mol/L過氯酸/乙酸標準液)進行測定,並利用下式測定總胺價。
總胺價=56.11×滴定量(mL)×滴定液濃度0.01(mol/L)×滴定液的力價÷試樣質量(g)
・色數APHA:
取試樣於比色管中,利用石油製品測定裝置OEM-2000(日本電色工業製造)測定哈森(Hazen)色數(美國公共衛生協會(American Public Health Association,APHA))。
[實施例1]
於附帶攪拌機、滴液漏斗、冷卻管、溫度計的500 mL四口燒瓶中投入正辛基溴100 g(0.52 mol)與異丙基醇40 g,加熱至80℃。於其中緩慢滴加γ-甲吡啶48.2 g(0.52 mol)。於80℃下進一步反應6小時後,加入至離子交換水300 g中使其溶解。於60℃以下進行減壓而將異丙基醇去除後,利用離子交換水進行稀釋,藉此獲得固體成分為50質量%的1-辛基-4-甲基吡啶鎓-溴化物鹽的水溶液281.6 g。
繼而,於所獲得的1-辛基-4-甲基吡啶鎓-溴化物鹽的水溶液281.6 g中加入將雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺鉀107.8 g溶解於離子交換水107.8 g中而成的混合物,於室溫下進行攪拌。分取分離為兩層後的下層。於下層中加入10質量%檸檬酸水溶液,於50℃下進行攪拌,再次分取分離為兩層後的下層。實施三次該操作後,利用離子交換水於50℃下進行水洗,藉此去除副生成物,藉由真空乾燥而獲得1-辛基-4-甲基吡啶鎓=雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺171.0 g。所獲得的離子性液體中,陽離子K
+由式(2)-(c)表示(R
1=正辛基、R
7=甲基、R
5、R
6、R
8、R
9=H),陰離子A
-為FSI陰離子。針對離子性液體測定了總胺價。另外,為了確認基於高溫環境下的著色抑制效果,實施於85℃的氣氛下放置3週的試驗,測定試驗前(剛製造後)與試驗後的色數APHA,並算出兩者的差(Δ)以及試驗後的色數相對於試驗前的色數之比(試驗後/試驗前)。將結果示於下述表1中。
[實施例2]
除了將利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗次數設為兩次之外,藉由與實施例1相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[實施例3]
於實施例1中獲得1-辛基-4-甲基吡啶鎓-溴化物鹽的水溶液後,加入硝酸至成為1質量%,實施50℃下的反應,使用如此般進行了酸處理的1-辛基-4-甲基吡啶鎓-溴化物鹽的水溶液,且未實施利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗,除了上述方面之外,藉由與實施例1相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[比較例1]
除了未實施利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗之外,藉由與實施例1相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[實施例4]
於附帶攪拌機、滴液漏斗、冷卻管、溫度計的200 mL四口燒瓶中投入1-甲基咪唑32.8 g(0.40 mol)與甲苯40 mL,加熱至40℃。於其中緩慢滴加二乙基硫酸61.6 g(0.40 mol)。於50℃下進一步反應1小時後,加入至離子交換水150 g中使其溶解。於70℃以下進行減壓而將甲苯去除後,利用離子交換水進行稀釋,藉此獲得固體成分為50質量%的1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓-乙基硫酸鹽的水溶液175.6 g。
繼而,於所獲得的1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓-乙基硫酸鹽的水溶液175.6 g中加入將雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺鉀81.4 g溶解於離子交換水81.4 g中而成的混合物,於室溫下進行攪拌。分取分離為兩層後的下層。於下層中加入10質量%檸檬酸水溶液,於50℃下進行攪拌,再次分取分離為兩層後的下層。實施三次該操作後,利用離子交換水於50℃下進行水洗,藉此去除副生成物,藉由真空乾燥而獲得1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓=雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺75.7 g。所獲得的離子性液體中,陽離子K
+由式(2)-(a)表示(R
1=乙基、R
2=甲基、R
3=H),陰離子A
-為FSI陰離子。針對離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[實施例5]
除了將利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗次數設為兩次之外,藉由與實施例4相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[比較例2]
除了未實施利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗之外,藉由與實施例4相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[實施例6]
於固體成分為50質量%的三正丁基苄基氯化銨鹽的水溶液200.0 g中,加入將乙酸乙酯100 mL、雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺鋰60.0 g溶解於離子交換水60.0 g中而成的混合物,於室溫下進行攪拌。分取分離為兩層後的下層。於下層中加入10質量%檸檬酸水溶液,於50℃下進行攪拌,再次分取分離為兩層後的下層。實施三次該操作後,利用離子交換水於50℃下進行水洗,藉此去除副生成物,藉由真空乾燥而獲得烷基苄基銨=雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺。所獲得的離子性液體中,陽離子K
+由式(2)-(d)表示(R
1=苄基、R
2、R
3、R
4=正丁基),陰離子A
-為FSI陰離子。針對離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[比較例3]
除了未實施利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗之外,藉由與實施例6相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了85℃×3週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表1中。
[實施例7]
使用正己基溴85.9 g(0.52 mol)代替正辛基溴100 g(0.52 mol),使用雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺鋰141.2 g代替雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺鉀107.8 g,除此以外,藉由與實施例2相同的操作製備離子性液體。所獲得的離子性液體中,陽離子K
+由式(2)-(c)表示(R
1=正己基、R
7=甲基、R
5、R
6、R
8、R
9=H),陰離子A
-為TFSI陰離子。針對離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於下述表2中。
[比較例4]
除了未實施利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗之外,藉由與實施例7相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表2中。
[實施例8]
使用雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺鋰106.6 g代替雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺鉀81.4 g,除此以外,藉由與實施例4相同的操作製備離子性液體。所獲得的離子性液體中,陽離子K
+由式(2)-(a)表示(R
1=乙基、R
2=甲基、R
3=H),陰離子A
-為TFSI陰離子。針對離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於下述表2中。
[實施例9]
除了將利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗次數設為兩次之外,藉由與實施例8相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表2中。
[比較例5]
除了未實施利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗之外,藉由與實施例8相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表2中。
[實施例10]
使用固體成分為50質量%的三正丁基甲基氯化銨鹽的水溶液151.2 g代替固體成分為50質量%的三正丁基苄基氯化銨鹽的水溶液200.0 g,使用雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺鋰92.1 g代替雙(氟磺醯基)醯亞胺鋰60.0 g,將利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗次數設為三次,除此以外,藉由與實施例6相同的操作製備離子性液體。所獲得的離子性液體中,陽離子K
+由式(2)-(d)表示(R
1、R
2、R
3=正丁基、R
4=甲基),陰離子A
-為TFSI陰離子。針對離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表2中。
[實施例11]
除了將利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗次數設為兩次之外,藉由與實施例10相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表2中。
[比較例6]
除了未實施利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗之外,藉由與實施例10相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,並且測定了115℃×2週的試驗前後的色數APHA。將結果示於表2中。
[比較例7]
除了將利用10質量%檸檬酸水溶液的清洗操作自50℃變更為25℃以外,藉由與實施例2相同的操作製備離子性液體。針對所獲得的離子性液體測定了總胺價,結果為0.029,與實施例2相比,清洗效果降低。雖然認為若增加清洗次數,則可使總胺價成為0.013以下,但可知於25℃下進行清洗的情況與於50℃下進行清洗的情況相比清洗效率低。
[表1]
結構 | 總胺價 | 試驗條件 | 色數(APHA) | |||||
陽離子 K + | 陰離子 A - | 試驗前 | 試驗後 | Δ | 試驗後/ 試驗前 | |||
實施例1 | 式(2)-(c) | FSI | 0.005 | 85℃×3週 | 35 | 80 | 45 | 2 |
實施例2 | 式(2)-(c) | FSI | 0.010 | 85℃×3週 | 35 | 90 | 55 | 3 |
實施例3 | 式(2)-(c) | FSI | 0.012 | 85℃×3週 | 60 | 115 | 55 | 3 |
比較例1 | 式(2)-(c) | FSI | 0.035 | 85℃×3週 | 35 | 220 | 185 | 6 |
實施例 4 | 式(2)-(a) | FSI | 0.006 | 85℃×3週 | 25 | 35 | 10 | 1 |
實施例5 | 式(2)-(a) | FSI | 0.013 | 85℃×3週 | 25 | 30 | 5 | 1 |
比較例2 | 式(2)-(a) | FSI | 0.050 | 85℃×3週 | 25 | 40 | 15 | 2 |
實施例6 | 式(2)-(d) | FSI | 0.012 | 85℃×3週 | 35 | 50 | 15 | 1 |
比較例3 | 式(2)-(d) | FSI | 0.045 | 85℃×3週 | 45 | 85 | 40 | 2 |
[表2]
結構 | 總胺價 | 試驗條件 | 色數(APHA) | |||||
陽離子 K + | 陰離子 A - | 試驗前 | 試驗後 | Δ | 試驗後/ 試驗前 | |||
實施例7 | 式(2)-(c) | TFSI | 0.003 | 115℃×2週 | 80 | 115 | 35 | 1 |
比較例4 | 式(2)-(c) | TFSI | 0.017 | 115℃×2週 | 90 | 500 | 410 | 6 |
實施例8 | 式(2)-(a) | TFSI | 0.006 | 115℃×2週 | 20 | 60 | 40 | 3 |
實施例9 | 式(2)-(a) | TFSI | 0.013 | 115℃×2週 | 25 | 85 | 60 | 3 |
比較例5 | 式(2)-(a) | TFSI | 0.052 | 115℃×2週 | 25 | 115 | 90 | 5 |
實施例10 | 式(2)-(d) | TFSI | 0.006 | 115℃×2週 | 20 | 25 | 5 | 1 |
實施例11 | 式(2)-(d) | TFSI | 0.012 | 115℃×2週 | 20 | 30 | 10 | 2 |
比較例6 | 式(2)-(d) | TFSI | 0.049 | 115℃×2週 | 20 | 70 | 50 | 4 |
如表1及表2所示,實施例1~實施例11的實施了酸清洗的離子性液體與比較例1~比較例6的未實施酸清洗的離子性液體相比,於高溫下長期保存後的色數變化均小,著色均得到抑制。該傾向與離子性液體的總胺價(微量殘存的一級胺~三級胺)有關,藉由將總胺價設為0.013以下,獲得了抑制著色的經時變化的效果。
以上對本發明的若干實施形態進行了說明,但該些實施形態是作為例子而提出,並未意圖限定發明的範圍。該些實施形態能夠以其他各種形態來實施,且可於不脫離發明的主旨的範圍內進行各種省略、置換、變更。該些實施形態及其省略、置換、變更等包含於發明的範圍及主旨中,同樣亦包含於申請專利範圍所記載的發明及其均等的範圍中。
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Claims (6)
- 一種氟系離子性液體,是包含陽離子K +及陰離子A -的對且由下述通式(1)表示的離子性液體,其中,所述陽離子K +為選自下述通式(2)所表示的群組中的一種或兩種以上,所述陰離子A -為氟系陰離子,所述氟系離子性液體於電位差滴定法中的總胺價為0.013以下, 通式(1):K +A -通式(2): 式(2)中,R 1~R 9分別獨立地為經取代或未經取代的碳數1~20的飽和或不飽和的直鏈狀、分支狀或環狀的脂肪族烴基、經取代或未經取代的碳數6~30的芳基、或者經取代或未經取代的碳數7~31的芳基烷基,其中,R 5~R 9分別獨立地可為氫原子,於所述脂肪族烴基、所述芳基或所述芳基烷基經取代的情況下,是經選自由鹵素原子、烷氧基、芳基氧基、烷氧基羰基、丙烯醯基、甲基丙烯醯基、醯基氧基、醯基、羥基、羧基、甲醯基、巰基、磺基、甲磺醯基、對甲苯磺醯基、氰基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基及三甲基矽烷基所組成的群組中的至少一種取代,n為1~5的整數,式(f)所表示的化合物為包含一個以上的X所表示的氧原子或硫原子的四員環~七員環的飽和或不飽和的雜環式化合物。
- 如請求項1所述的氟系離子性液體,用作光學材料的添加劑。
- 一種氟系離子性液體的製造方法,是如請求項1或請求項2所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,且包括: 使包含所述陽離子K +的化合物與包含所述陰離子A -的化合物反應而生成氟系離子性液體,使所獲得的氟系離子性液體與酸接觸。
- 如請求項3所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,其中,使所述氟系離子性液體於50℃以上與酸接觸。
- 一種氟系離子性液體的製造方法,是如請求項1或請求項2所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,且包括: 使胺與四級化劑反應生成包含所述陽離子K +的化合物,使包含所述陽離子K +的化合物與酸接觸,然後使包含所述陽離子K +的化合物與包含所述陰離子A -的化合物反應而生成氟系離子性液體。
- 如請求項5所述的氟系離子性液體的製造方法,其中,使包含所述陽離子K +的化合物於50℃以上與酸接觸。
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