TW202042619A - Chinese medicine medium for improving nutrient composition of flammulina velutipes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine medium for improving nutrient composition ofFlammulina velutipes , which comprises: 18 to 28 parts by weight of wood chips, 40 to 50 parts by weight of rice bran, 18 to 28 parts by weight of corn cob, 5 to 13 parts by weight of bran, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and 2 to 8 parts by weight of Chinese medicinal material powder; wherein the Chinese medicinal material powder is selected from the group consisting ofAstragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus ,Houttuynia cordata Thunb ,Taraxacum formosanum Kitamura , andBaphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bre .

Description

Traditional Chinese medicine culture medium for enhancing nutrient components of Flammulina velutipes and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to a culture medium for cultivating Flammulina velutipes and a preparation method thereof. Specifically, it relates to a traditional Chinese medicine medium capable of enhancing the nutritional value of Flammulina velutipes.

Flammulina velutipes contains many ingredients that are beneficial to human health, such as protein, vitamin B1, vitamin C, nucleosides, cellulose, a variety of essential amino acids and polysaccharides and so on. Flammulina velutipes also contains many inorganic elements, such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, potassium, etc., which can supplement the trace elements needed by the human body. In addition to rich nutrients, Flammulina velutipes also has other advantages, such as easy cultivation, fast reproduction, short growth cycle, low price, convenient cooking, and very delicious.

Trace elements refer to elements less than one ten thousandth of the body weight, such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo) , Cobalt (Co), Fluorine (F), etc. Although the content of trace elements in the human body is very small, they play a very important role in maintaining various physiological functions. Jufan iron can form heme. Zinc can enhance growth and development, reproductive ability, wound healing and improve immune function. Copper can generate oxidase and promote collagen production. Manganese can assist bone formation, maintain brain function, and constitute various coenzymes. Therefore, intake of various trace elements has many benefits for the body.

Among them, copper, manganese and zinc are the key elements for the synthesis of antioxidant enzyme-superoxide dismutase (SOD) in organisms. Cu/Zn-SOD exists in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of animal cells, and Mn-SOD exists in animals. Intracellular mitochondria. In previous studies, it has been found that Cu/Zn-SOD in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a mutant form, which may be due to mutations in Cu/Zn-SOD This leads to the occurrence of ALS, which in turn affects the motor neurons in the brain, brain stem and spinal cord. In addition, when studying Mn-SOD knockout mice (MnSOD-knockout mice), their lifespan was very short, and they died of dilated cardiomyopathy and neurodegeneration shortly after birth. It can be known that Mn-SOD can resist cancer cells. It plays an important role in oxidant-induced damage and apoptosis and is considered to be a tumor suppressor protein. This shows the importance of Mn-SOD to the body. Therefore, the intake of copper, manganese, and zinc has become a very important issue.

In the cultivation and propagation of Flammulina velutipes, solid medium is widely used, convenient, and a cultivation method with a high probability of success. Generally speaking, the definition of solid medium is that the medium that presents a solid state at room temperature (25°C) is called solid medium. Using solid medium to cultivate Flammulina velutipes has the advantages of space saving, fast growth, easy harvest, high survival rate and so on. The solid medium can also be sold directly in a vacuum bag, so that the general public can cultivate it at home.

However, the nutrient content of Flammulina velutipes artificially cultivated with a culture medium is almost fixed, and it lacks other trace elements that are beneficial to the human body, and cannot provide the human body with a more comprehensive nutritional supplement. Therefore, how to make Flammulina velutipes with trace elements required by the human body by improving the composition of the culture medium has become a problem that researchers in the field hope to solve.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a traditional Chinese medicine culture medium for enhancing the nutrient content of Flammulina velutipes and a preparation method thereof. In order to solve the problem of insufficient trace elements contained in Flammulina velutipes.

Based on the above objective, the present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine culture medium for enhancing the nutritional components of Flammulina velutipes, which comprises: 18-28 parts by weight of sawdust, 40-50 parts by weight of rice bran, 18-28 parts by weight of corn cob, and 5-13 parts by weight The bran, 0.5~2 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and 2~8 parts by weight of Chinese medicinal powder; wherein the Chinese medicinal powder is selected from the group consisting of Astragalus, Houttuynia, Dandelion and Isatis indigotica.

Preferably, the wood chips are hardwood chips.

Preferably, the pH value of the medium is between 6 and 6.5.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine culture medium for enhancing the nutritional components of Flammulina velutipes, comprising: providing a substrate part, comprising: 18-28 parts by weight of sawdust, 40-50 parts by weight of rice bran, and 18-28 parts by weight of corn cob , 5 to 13 parts by weight of bran, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and 2 to 8 parts by weight of Chinese medicinal powder; wherein the Chinese medicinal powder is selected from the group consisting of Huangqi, Houttuynia cordata, dandelion and Radix isatidis Group; add moisture to the substrate part, adjust the moisture to 63~64% by weight, and put it into a high-temperature resistant plastic bottle, form an air-permeable circular hole in the center of the substrate part after adding moisture to penetrate the substrate part, and set a plurality of plants evenly around the substrate part The round hole is used to inoculate Flammulina velutipes; the high temperature resistant plastic bottle containing the substrate part is sterilized.

Preferably, the wood chips are hardwood chips.

Preferably, the pH value of the matrix part after adding water is between 6 and 6.5.

Based on the above technical features, the traditional Chinese medicine culture medium for enhancing the nutritional content of Flammulina velutipes provided by the present invention and its manufacturing method have the following advantages:

(1) By adding Chinese medicine powder to the culture medium, the content of trace elements in Flammulina velutipes can be increased.

(2) Eating Flammulina velutipes with trace elements and nutrients can promote good health.

(3) Flammulina velutipes cultivated with this medium has an increased glutamic acid content and an umami taste.

Next, actual examples and reference to Figure 1 will be used to illustrate the steps and formulas for manufacturing the Chinese medicine culture medium provided by the present invention. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a Chinese medicine culture medium according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view of a Chinese medicine culture medium according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 1 (b) is a top view of a Chinese medicine culture medium.

Composition ratio of Chinese medicine culture medium

In an embodiment of the present invention, the Chinese medicine culture medium provided by the present invention includes: Sawdust: 23 parts by weight Rice bran: 45 parts by weight Corn cob: 23 parts by weight Bran: 8 parts by weight Calcium carbonate: 1 part by weight.

In addition, the Chinese medicinal materials used to add to the medium 10 include the following four types: (1) Huang Qi (Mongolian Huang Qi) Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (2) Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (3) Taraxacum (Taiwan taraxacum) Taraxacum formosanum Kitamura (4) Banlangen (Isatis indica) Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bre.

Preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine culture medium (1) Prepare the dry materials of sawdust, rice bran, corn cob, bran and calcium carbonate in the above weight parts, mix and mix thoroughly. (2) The Chinese medicinal materials Astragalus, Houttuynia cordata, Dandelion and Radix Isatidis are powdered and sieved (80 mesh). (3) Add traditional Chinese medicine powder to 2%, 4%, and 8% of the total weight and continue to mix evenly. (4) Add water, adjust the water content to 63%~64%, and the pH value is between 6.2~6.4. (5) After the medium 10 is uniformly stirred again, it is put into a high temperature resistant plastic bottle 20 with a volume of 1100ml, and the weight of the bottle is 750g (each bottle contains 275g of medium). The air-permeable circular holes 30 with a diameter of about 12mm, about 13mm, about 14mm, about 15mm or about 16mm are used to make the sterilization high temperature enough to penetrate the entire medium 10 to achieve a complete sterilization effect, and to promote air circulation during cultivation. The diameter of the air-permeable circular hole 30 is preferably 14 mm. (6) Four planting round holes 40 with a diameter of about 8mm, about 9mm, about 10mm, about 11mm or about 12mm are arranged in four directions on the center of the upper center of the culture medium 10 in the bottle. , And make the hyphae evenly distributed. (7) After sterilizing by high temperature and high pressure, the Chinese medicine culture medium of this example is completed. The high temperature and high pressure sterilization conditions can be 115~125°C, 1.1~1.3 kg/cm ² , 25~35 minutes, preferably 121°C, 1.2 kg/cm ² , 30 minutes.

The sawdust of the above-mentioned materials is preferably hardwood sawdust, because the resin contained in the conifer wood has a certain degree of antibacterial ability, which may inhibit the growth of the enoki mushroom to be cultivated in this case, so it is more suitable to choose the sawdust of hardwood. Among them, Tung oil and mountain jute are most suitable.

The above-mentioned Chinese medicinal materials are all powdered with dried products, and the moisture content is about 10%.

Flammulina velutipes using general culture media and various Chinese medicine media are harvested after culturing at 85-100% humidity, 4-17°C, and 25 days, and analyze their components.

The environmental control conditions in different growth stages are as follows: each group of traditional Chinese medicine medium is planted with strains and placed in a culture room, the room temperature is adjusted to 16°C ~ 17°C, the relative air humidity is controlled at 95% ~ 100%, and the carbon dioxide concentration It should be below 3000 ppm, with proper ventilation and disturbance to make the environmental control conditions uniform. On the third day, on the surface of the culture medium (bed) in the flask, the hyphae changed from coffee color to white. At this time, white light was given. On the 5th day, a gray spot about the size of a needle can be observed in the fungus bed, which is called Yuanji, and ventilation is increased to reduce humidity. On the 6th day, the gray primordium changed to a light yellow appearance. On the 7th day, it turned into a more obvious yellow primordium. On the 8th day, the fruit bodies appeared cumulative, and the temperature began to drop to 14°C. On the 9th day, the fruit bodies began to branch. On the 10th day, the fruit body will cover the middle hole and begin to cool down to 10°C. On the 15th day, the fruiting body was approximately flush with the mouth of the bottle, and the height was approximately three centimeters. On the 17th day, the fruit body is about 1.5 cm above the mouth of the bottle. Non-absorbent materials should be used to surround the fruit body. On the 25th day, the fruit body grows to a height of about 15 cm, ready for harvest.

The results of the experiment found that the cultivation medium containing four Chinese medicinal materials had no adverse effects on the growth appearance and weight of Flammulina velutipes fruit bodies, and the growth height and weight of Flammulina velutipes cultivated in each group had a tendency to increase compared with the control group, which contained 2% The culture medium of Chinese medicinal powder has the best growth.

Then analyze the nutritional components of different groups as shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Test items Unit/100g Control group Houttuynia cordata Dandelion Banlangen Huang Qi Calories kcal 51.6 48.4 51.6 48.9 56 Crude protein g 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.6 Crude fat g 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 Saturated fat mg - - - - - Trans fat mg - - - - - Carbohydrates g 10.2 9.1 9.7 8.9 9.6 sugar g - - - - - sodium mg - - - - -

It can be seen from Table 1 that the common nutrients contained in the Flammulina velutipes sample cultivated using the traditional Chinese medicine medium of the present invention are not much different from those of the control group, but the content of fat and protein in the medium added with astragalus is higher. Significant improvement.

Next, the glutamine content of each group of samples was tested. The test method was the National Standard CNS 12632 test method of the Republic of China. The results are shown in Figure 1. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the Flammulina velutipes samples using the traditional Chinese medicine medium of the present invention contain higher glutamic acid content than the control group, which means that the Flammulina velutipes cultivated using the traditional Chinese medicine medium of the present invention will be better when eaten Of umami.

In addition, the international standard AOAC INTERNATIONAL-AOAC 2011.14 test method was used to detect the sodium content in each group of samples. The results are shown in Figure 2. Except for the sodium content of Flammulina velutipes cultivated with traditional Chinese medicine medium added with dandelion, which was similar to that of the control group, the sodium content of the other groups was significantly lower than that of the control group. Therefore, when eating Flammulina velutipes cultivated by the traditional Chinese medicine medium of the present invention, there is no need to worry about taking too much sodium.

Then, the content of trace elements manganese, copper and zinc contained in each group of Flammulina velutipes samples was detected. In this experiment, the international standard AOAC INTERNATIONAL- AOAC 2011.14_ test method was also used to detect the content of trace elements. The comparison of trace element content detected in each group of Flammulina velutipes samples is shown in Figure 3.

From Figure 3, it can be seen that the manganese content of Flammulina velutipes using the Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with Radix Isatidis is similar to that of the control group, while the manganese content of Flammulina velutipes using Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with dandelion, houttuynia cordata, and Huangqi is slightly higher than that of the control group. At the same time, the copper content of Flammulina velutipes with Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with dandelion and Isatis indigotica was similar to that of the control group. The copper content of Flammulina velutipes with Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with Huangqi was slightly higher than that of the control group, while the copper content of Flammulina velutipes with Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with Houttuynia cordata The copper content was significantly higher than the control group. In addition, the zinc content of Flammulina velutipes with Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with dandelion, astragalus and Radix Isatidis was similar to that of the control group, while the zinc content of Flammulina velutipes with Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with Houttuynia cordata was higher than that of the control group.

It can be seen that when cultivating Flammulina velutipes with a Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with dandelion, houttuynia cordata, and Huangqi, it can increase the manganese content in Flammulina velutipes; when cultivating Flammulina velutipes with a Chinese medicinal medium supplemented with Houttuynia cordata and Huangqi, it can increase the copper in Flammulina velutipes Content: When cultivating Flammulina velutipes using Chinese medicinal media of dandelion, houttuynia cordata and Huangqi, it can increase the zinc content in Flammulina velutipes.

Since Flammulina velutipes itself is not easy to digest, the nutrients and trace elements in it can be extracted by boiling the soup. There is no need to eat Flammulina velutipes directly, and there is no need to worry about its indigestible nutrients or trace elements.

In order to simulate the antioxidant capacity of Flammulina velutipes hot water extract in the case of eating Flammulina velutipes soup, in the next experiment, the Flammulina velutipes was dried at different temperatures, then extracted with hot water and the DPPH removal experiment was performed To test its antioxidant capacity.

Before the DPPH removal experiment, first take 50g of Flammulina velutipes grown in the control group and the traditional Chinese medicine medium, and dry the Flammulina velutipes in the control group at 45°C for 24 hours. Dry for 24 hours at 55°C. And control the moisture content of the dried Flammulina velutipes at 10%.

DPPH removal experiment

Take 4.5g of dried Flammulina velutipes and extract with 45ml of hot water at 60°C for 30 minutes. Mix 1 ml of the extracted solution obtained from each group with 0.5 ml of 1 mM DPPH methanol solution, and then react for 30 minutes in the dark, and then measure the absorbance at 517 nm with a spectrophotometer. Since DPPH radicals have a high absorption rate for light with a wavelength of 517 nm, when DPPH reacts with antioxidant substances to be eliminated, its absorbance will decrease. In other words, the lower the absorbance, the higher the antioxidant capacity.

The results of the DPPH clearance experiment are shown in Figure 4. The control group was the group with 10uM Trolox and no sample extract was added. F0 is the group where Flammulina velutipes cultivated without Chinese medicine culture medium is dried at 45°C, which shows that it has significant antioxidant capacity. F1 is a group of Flammulina velutipes cultivated with Chinese medicine medium and dried at 35°C. It can be seen that its antioxidant capacity is the best, which is obviously better than F0. F2 is a group of Flammulina velutipes cultivated on a Chinese medicine medium and dried at 45°C. It can be seen that it also has a strong antioxidant capacity. Although not as good as F1, it is also significantly better than F0. F3 is a group of Flammulina velutipes cultivated on a Chinese medicine medium and dried at 55°C. It can be seen that although it has antioxidant capacity, it is not as good as F0. And F4 is the ultra-low temperature (-50°C) freeze-dried group.

It can be seen that when the same is dried at 45°C, Flammulina velutipes cultivated with traditional Chinese medicine medium can have better antioxidant capacity, while Flammulina velutipes cultivated with traditional Chinese medicine medium dried at 35°C will have better antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant capacity.

In addition, it can be inferred that high-temperature drying (>45°C) may damage the antioxidants in Flammulina velutipes and reduce its antioxidant capacity. Therefore, if the Flammulina velutipes cultivated with traditional Chinese medicine medium can be dried at low temperature, better antioxidant effect can be obtained when it is eaten in a soup.

In addition to the above-mentioned drying method, you can also freeze the Flammulina velutipes to rupture the cell wall and then eat it in a soup. Because the cell wall ruptures during the freezing process, the trace elements and nutrients are more easily released In the soup, it can have better intake efficiency.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are taken as examples, and the scope of the attached patent application is not limited to the content that has been specifically shown and described above. On the contrary, the scope of the present invention includes the combinations and sub-combinations of the various features described above, as well as the changes and modifications that those skilled in the art would think of when reading the foregoing description, but these changes and modifications are not disclosed in the prior art .

10: Medium 20: High temperature resistant plastic bottle 30: Breathable round hole 40: Planting round holes

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a Chinese medicine culture medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the glutamic acid content of Flammulina velutipes cultivated using various Chinese medicinal media in the examples of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows the sodium content of Flammulina velutipes cultivated using various Chinese medicinal media in the examples of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows the manganese, copper, and zinc contents of Flammulina velutipes cultivated using various Chinese medicinal media according to examples of the present invention.

Figure 5 shows the results of DPPH test after drying the Flammulina velutipes cultivated with various Chinese medicinal media of the embodiments of the present invention at different temperatures, and then extracting the product with hot water.

10: Medium

20: High temperature resistant plastic bottle

30: Breathable round hole

40: Planting round holes

Claims (6)

A traditional Chinese medicine culture medium for enhancing the nutrients of Flammulina velutipes, which contains: 18 to 28 parts by weight of wood chips, 40 to 50 parts by weight of rice bran, 18 to 28 parts by weight of corn cob, 5 to 13 parts by weight of bran, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and 2 to 8 parts by weight 1. Chinese herbal medicine powder; The Chinese medicinal powder is selected from the group consisting of Huangqi, Houttuynia cordata, Dandelion and Isatis indigotica. For example, the Chinese medicine culture medium described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sawdust is hardwood sawdust. For example, the Chinese medicine culture medium described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pH value of the culture medium is between 6 and 6.5. A method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine culture medium for enhancing the nutritional components of Flammulina velutipes, comprising: Provide a matrix part, including: 18 to 28 parts by weight of wood chips, 40 to 50 parts by weight of rice bran, 18 to 28 parts by weight of corn cob, 5 to 13 parts by weight of bran, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and 2 to 8 parts by weight 1. Chinese herbal medicine powder; The Chinese medicinal powder is selected from the group consisting of Huangqi, Houttuynia cordata, Dandelion and Isatis indigotica; Add moisture to the matrix part, adjust the moisture to 63~64% by weight, and put it into a high temperature resistant plastic bottle. A ventilated round hole is formed in the center of the substrate part after adding water to penetrate the substrate part, and a plurality of planting round holes are evenly arranged around the substrate part for inoculating Flammulina velutipes; Sterilize the high-temperature resistant plastic bottle containing the substrate part. According to the method for preparing the Chinese medicine culture medium described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, the wood chips are hardwood chips. According to the method for preparing the Chinese medicine culture medium described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, the pH value of the substrate portion after adding water is between 6 and 6.5.

Images