CN104909896B - A kind of solid medium and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of solid medium and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104909896B CN104909896B CN201510301671.6A CN201510301671A CN104909896B CN 104909896 B CN104909896 B CN 104909896B CN 201510301671 A CN201510301671 A CN 201510301671A CN 104909896 B CN104909896 B CN 104909896B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of solid medium and its preparation method and application, by corncob, sawdust, wheat bran, soybean residue, megasse, cotton seed hulls, rice bran, sorghum flour, shellfish fossil, soybean skin；Water stirring is added to form.The culture medium of the present invention can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrient, improve mycelial growth and breeding ability, so that the mycelium of edible mushroom is flourishing healthy and strong, the resistance, disease resistance and antioxygenic property of edible mushroom can also be strengthened at the same time, the trophic level of the matrix of allotment comprehensively of the invention, nutritional ingredient in culture medium is in a relatively comprehensive and balanced state, allows hypha of edible fungus to live under a good nutritional condition, reaches healthy and strong mycelia, raising resistance, improves yield.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible fungus industrial cultivation technical field, more particularly to a kind of solid medium and its preparation
Methods and applications.
Background technology
Culture medium is the place for the various nutriments that edible mushroom needle mushroom is depended on for existence, is using kind and growing environment
In the case that condition is identical, using matrix is different, formula is different, matrix processing mode is different, the yield and quality of needle mushroom
Deng all difference.The culture medium of needle mushroom is made of the raw material including following mass percent in the prior art：Sawdust 52%,
Corncob 20%, wheat bran 14%, corn flour 6%, megasse 6%, the weight ratio of lime 2%, wherein raw material and water is 1:1.30-1.33
Its carbon-nitrogen ratio is 33-42:1, it is the component using sawdust as main lignifying in the prior art, finds in the actual production process, bacterium
During silk culture, bacterium germination is slow, and mycelium growing way is uneven, culture period 25-28 days, and cultivating chamber is moved to after mycelium stimulation in fruiting
Observed during management, sporophore growth is uneven in length, and sporophore growth is weaker, relatively slow, and harvesting refined biometric conversion ratio is 99%
Left and right, production are too low.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that above-mentioned technical problem is solved at least to a certain extent.
The primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid medium.
The further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of solid medium.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of solid medium, including following material：Corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, jowar
Powder, soybean skin, soybean residue, shellfish fossil, add water stirring to form.
Preferably, the solid medium is made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 20~40%, sawdust 3~5%,
Rice bran 25~35%, megasse 5~15%, wheat bran 3~8%, cotton seed hulls 2~10%, sorghum flour 2~10%, soybean skin 2~10%, beans
Rotten slag 2~10%, shellfish fossil 0.5~3%.
It is highly preferred that the solid medium is made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 30%, sawdust 4%, rice bran
28%, megasse 10%, wheat bran 6%, 5 % of cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour 5%, 5 % of soybean skin, soybean residue 5%, shellfish fossil 2%.
As further preferred solution, the corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour,
Soybean skin, the water content of soybean residue are 10~15%.
As further preferred solution, the corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour,
Soybean skin, soybean residue, the fineness degree of shellfish fossil are less than 4mm.
As further preferred solution, the total moisture content of the solid medium is 63~65%.
A kind of preparation method of solid medium, comprises the following steps：
S1 corncobs and wheat bran, sawdust, cotton seed hulls add water while stirring, prewet 15 minutes,
S2 continues stirring 20 minutes,
S3 adds rice bran, soybean skin and sorghum flour, adds water to stir after ten minutes 30 minutes,
S4 sweetens dish slag, soybean residue, shellfish mountain flour and adds water while stirring 10 minutes,
S5 continues stirring 30 minutes.
As further preferred solution, step S1 corncobs and wheat bran, sawdust, cotton seed hulls add water while stirring, prewet
15 minutes to water content be 40%.
As further preferred solution, step S5 continue stirring 30 minutes to water content be 63~65%.
As further preferred solution, step S5 continues stirring and continues to stir for 63~65%, to water content for 30 minutes
15~20 minutes, bottling.
In addition, application of the upper solid medium in edible fungus culturing is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Preferably, the edible mushroom is needle mushroom.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is：
The culture medium of the present invention can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrient, improve mycelial growth and breeding ability, make
It is flourishing healthy and strong to obtain the mycelium of edible mushroom, while the resistance, disease resistance and antioxygenic property of edible mushroom can also be strengthened, the present invention
The trophic level of allotment matrix, the nutritional ingredient in culture medium are in a relatively comprehensive and balanced state, allow edible comprehensively
Bacterium mycelia is lived under a good nutritional condition, is reached healthy and strong mycelia, raising resistance, is improved yield.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.But therefore embodiments of the present invention do not limit
In following embodiments.Unless stated otherwise, the material and processing method that the present invention uses for the art common used material and add
Work method.
Embodiment 1
1st, a kind of solid medium, including following material：Corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, height
Liang Fen, soybean skin, soybean residue, shellfish fossil, add water stirring to form.
Wherein, solid medium is stirred and formed by weight percentage by following material：Corncob 30%, sawdust 4%, rice bran
28%, megasse 10%, wheat bran 6%, 5 % of cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour 5%, 5 % of soybean skin, soybean residue 5%, shellfish fossil 2%.
Wherein, the corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour, soybean skin, soybean residue contain
Water is 10~15%.
Wherein, the total moisture content of the solid medium is 63~65%.
Wherein, the corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour, soybean skin, soybean residue, shellfish
The fineness degree of fossil is less than 4mm.
2nd, the method for preparing above-mentioned solid medium, comprises the following steps：
S1 corncobs and wheat bran, cotton seed hulls add water while stirring, prewet 15 minutes,
S2 continues stirring 20 minutes,
S3 adds rice bran, soybean skin and sorghum flour, adds water to stir after ten minutes 30 minutes,
S4 sweetens dish slag, soybean residue, shellfish mountain flour and adds water while stirring 10 minutes,
S5 continues stirring 30 minutes.
Wherein, step S1 corncobs and wheat bran, cotton seed hulls add water while stirring, prewet 15 minutes to water content be 40%.
Wherein, it is 63~65% that step S5, which continues stirring 30 minutes to water content, is bottled.
In a kind of embodiment, above-mentioned steps S5 continue stirring 30 minutes to water content be 63~65% after, continue stirring 15~
20 minutes, then bottle.
Embodiment 2
A kind of solid medium and its preparation method, comprise the following steps：
1st, the selection of raw material is cultivated
Corncob：Without going mouldy, water content is in 11-13%, and fineness degree is in 4 below mm.
Sawdust：Hardwood sawdust, without going mouldy, water content is below 15%, and fineness degree is in below 2mm.
Wheat bran：Fresh, without going mouldy, water content is in 11-14%, and fineness degree is in below 4mm.
Soybean residue：Fresh, anacidity becomes, and water content is thin in 11-15%, granularity.
Megasse（Rape cake）：Without going mouldy, water content is in 10-15%.
Cotton seed hulls：Canescence, without going mouldy, no pest, water content is in 11-14%, and fineness degree is in below 4mm.
Rice bran：Fresh, without going mouldy, water content is in 11-14%.
Sorghum flour：Fresh, free from admixture, granularity is thin, and water content is in 10-14%.
Shellfish fossil：Free from admixture, granularity is thin, and fineness degree is in 2-below 3.5mm.
Soybean skin：Free from admixture, without going mouldy, fineness degree is in below 4mm.Water content is in 10-14%.
2nd, spice technique
Corncob and wheat bran, cotton seed hulls add water while stirring, prewet 15 minutes to water content be 40%, continue stirring 20 points
Clock, then adds rice bran, soybean skin and sorghum flour, adds water to stir after ten minutes 30 minutes, sweetens dish slag, soybean residue, shellfish mountain flour
While stirring plus water 10 minutes, it is 63-65% to continue stirring 30 minutes to water content.Continue stirring 15-20 minutes, bottling.
3rd, bottle and sterilize
Regulation is per bottled 780-820 grams/bottle of bottle weight（Including bottle weight）.Work loading height is 1.8 centimetres below bottleneck, pine
Tightness is tight for neck part.
Sterilization divides four-stage：
I:Room temperature rises to 115 DEG C and keeps the temperature 75 minutes； II:115 DEG C keep the temperature 75 minutes；
III:100 DEG C -- 121 DEG C 60 minutes； IV:121 DEG C keep the temperature 90-120 minutes；
Wherein：I, II stage atmospheric pressure steam discharges, Section III, IV stages not steam discharge, the drained pot before the Section III stage is entered
Interior air.
Embodiment 3
1st, the solid medium prepared using embodiment cultivates needle mushroom, with rice bran 20%, corncob 73%, wheat bran 25%, stone
Cream 1% forms culture medium as control.Specific method is as follows：
（1）It is inoculated with Needle mushroom strain：Using the highly effective air purification air and barotropic state of cooling chamber, transfer room temperature control exists
17℃±2℃；
（2）Cultivate mycelia：After the completion of inoculation, culturing room's culture is moved into, culturing room keeps clean, and temperature control is 15~17
DEG C, since heat can be produced during mycelial growth, density height is stacked plus seed bottle, temperature is about higher by room temperature 3~4 in material
DEG C, need running check to ensure that temperature is less than 20 DEG C in bacterium germination material, 70~80%, gas concentration lwevel control exists humid control
Below 4000PPM, without illumination, incubation time about 22~30 days；
（3）Mycelium stimulation：Select and carry out mycelium stimulation in time without cultigen that is miscellaneous, sending out full, scratch old fungus block and old mycoderma, scratch flat material
Face, water wash away charge level particle, mycelium stimulation depth with charge level in shoulder above 5mm, scratch old fungus block completely；
（4）Needle mushroom is cultivated, is divided into bud and goes out phase, laundering period, suppressor, breeding time and picking time,
Bud goes out the phase：Formed after mycelium stimulation to former base, control 15 DEG C of temperature, humidity 95~99%, gas concentration lwevel control exists
Below 2000PPM, 7~8 days time；
Laundering period：Former base, which is formed to mushroom lid, breaks up complete long 0.5CM of mushroom flower bud or so, gradually reduces fertility room temperature to 3~5
DEG C, humidity is reduced to 85~90%.Gas concentration lwevel is controlled within 1000~2000PPM, 4~5 days time；
The suppression phase：The differentiation of mushroom lid is completed to long bottle outlet 2CM of small mushroom or so, and fertility room control temperature is at 3~5 DEG C, humidity
85% or so, gas concentration lwevel is controlled within 1000~2000PPM, 5~7 days time；
Breeding time：Small long bottle outlet 2CM of mushroom or so is to harvesting, and fertility room maintains the temperature at 7~9 DEG C, humidity 85% or so,
Gas concentration lwevel is controlled within 10000,6~9 days time；
Picking time：Needle mushroom length is to 15 centimetres, 0.8~1 centimetre of mushroom lid；
（5）Harvesting.
2nd, the needle mushroom body cultivated is pure white good-looking, and quality is good, and yield is high, no disease and pests harm, free from admixture, and growth is neat.
Importantly, the culture medium of the present invention does not add any harmful substance, various plants, agriculture are also fully utilized by
The recycling of product abandonment thing uses, and turns waste into wealth, and can accelerate natural material circulation, energy circulation, be more advantageous to animals and plants agriculture
Industry produces the recycling of byproduct.
Statistics finds that the yield increased of culture medium cultivation needle mushroom of the present invention improves 20% or so.
Embodiment 4
1st, the present embodiment optimizes the formula of the solid medium of the present invention, and control group is with embodiment 3, and experimental group is such as
Under：
Group 1：The solid medium is made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 30%, sawdust 4%, rice bran 28%, sweet tea
Dish slag 10%, wheat bran 6%, 5 % of cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour 5%, 5 % of soybean skin, soybean residue 5%, shellfish fossil 2%.
Group 2：The solid medium is made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 20%, sawdust 5%, rice bran 27%, sweet tea
Dish slag 5%, wheat bran 8%, cotton seed hulls 10%, sorghum flour 10%, soybean skin 2%, soybean residue 10%, shellfish fossil 3%.
Group 3：The solid medium is made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 38%, sawdust 3%, rice bran 35%, sweet tea
Dish slag 5%, wheat bran 3%, cotton seed hulls 2%, sorghum flour 2%, soybean skin 2%, soybean residue 3%, shellfish fossil 3%.
Group 4：The solid medium is made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 10%, sawdust 10%, rice bran 40%, sweet tea
Dish slag 5%, wheat bran 5%, cotton seed hulls 2%, sorghum flour 8%, soybean skin 10%, soybean residue 5%, shellfish fossil 5%.
Group 5：The solid medium is made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 50%, sawdust 10%, rice bran 10%, sweet tea
Dish slag 10%, wheat bran 2%, cotton seed hulls 1%, sorghum flour 1%, soybean skin 15%, soybean residue 0.5%, shellfish fossil 0.5%.
2nd, with the method for embodiment 3, needle mushroom is cultivated using above-mentioned five groups of culture mediums and control medium.The results show that
Compared with control group, the yield of flammulina velutipes of each experimental group has been respectively increased 24%, 20%, 22%, 10%, 6%.
Results showed that the solid medium prepared by the present invention has good cultivation to edible mushroom, especially needle mushroom
Effect, and each component of culture medium is more significant with the influence for comparing cultivation effect.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only to clearly demonstrate example of the present invention, and is not to this hair
The restriction of bright embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also do on the basis of the above description
Go out other various forms of changes or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all in the present invention
Spirit and principle within all any modification, equivalent and improvement made etc., should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of solid medium, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass ratio：Corncob 20~40%, sawdust 3~5%,
Rice bran 25~35%, megasse 5~15%, wheat bran 3~8%, cotton seed hulls 2~10%, sorghum flour 2~10%, soybean skin 2~10%, beans
Rotten slag 2~10%, shellfish fossil 0.5~3%, add water stirring to form；
The corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour, soybean skin, the water content of soybean residue are 10
~15%；
The corncob, sawdust, rice bran, megasse, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour, soybean skin, soybean residue, the thickness of shellfish fossil
Degree is less than 4mm.
2. solid medium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made of the component of following mass ratio：Corncob
30%, sawdust 4%, rice bran 28%, megasse 10%, wheat bran 6%, 5 % of cotton seed hulls, sorghum flour 5%, 5 % of soybean skin, soybean residue 5%, shellfish
Fossil 2%.
3. solid medium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the total moisture content of the solid medium for 63~
65%。
4. the preparation method of solid medium described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1 corncobs and wheat bran, sawdust, cotton seed hulls add water while stirring, prewet 15 minutes,
S2 continues stirring 20 minutes,
S3 adds rice bran, soybean skin and sorghum flour, adds water to be stirred 30 minutes after 10 minutes,
S4 sweetens dish slag, soybean residue, shellfish mountain flour and adds water while stirring 10 minutes,
S5 continues stirring 30 minutes.
5. the preparation method of solid medium according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step S1 corncobs and wheat bran, wood
Bits, cotton seed hulls add water while stirring, prewet 15 minutes to water content be 40%；
Step S5 continue stirring 30 minutes to water content be 63~65%.
6. the preparation method of solid medium according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step S5 continues stirring 30 minutes extremely
After water content is 63~65%, continue stirring 15~20 minutes, bottle.
7. application of the solid medium described in claim 1 in edible fungus culturing.
8. apply according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the edible mushroom is needle mushroom.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105565975A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-11 | 凤台县星展食用菌有限公司 | Gastrodia elata germination strain culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107651983A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of culture medium of white jade mushroom industrialized cultivation and its preparation method and application |
| CN107867934A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-03 | 东莞市合心生物科技有限公司 | A kind of culture medium for being used for true pleurotus cornucopiae and white beech mushroom and its preparation method and application |
| CN109937794A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 阜阳职业技术学院 | A kind of big fat mushroom cultural hypha base and its preparation method and application |
| TWI688333B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-03-21 | 亞洲大學 | Chinese medicine medium for improving nutrient composition of flammulina velutipes and preparation method thereof |
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