TW201723135A - 研磨用組成物 - Google Patents
研磨用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201723135A TW201723135A TW105131716A TW105131716A TW201723135A TW 201723135 A TW201723135 A TW 201723135A TW 105131716 A TW105131716 A TW 105131716A TW 105131716 A TW105131716 A TW 105131716A TW 201723135 A TW201723135 A TW 201723135A
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- abrasive grains
- polishing
- polishing composition
- abrasive
- acid
- Prior art date
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- QFWPJPIVLCBXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glymidine Chemical compound N1=CC(OCCOC)=CN=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFWPJPIVLCBXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical group [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RKKOMEIYHHASIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyboronic acid Chemical compound OOB(O)O RKKOMEIYHHASIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CUILPNURFADTPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypobromous acid Chemical compound BrO CUILPNURFADTPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940045996 isethionic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-quinoline Natural products C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical compound C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002535 lyotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxydisulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OOS(O)(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004968 peroxymonosulfuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UAXOELSVPTZZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiglic acid Natural products CC(C)=C(C)C(O)=O UAXOELSVPTZZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/042—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces operating processes therefor
- B24B37/044—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces operating processes therefor characterised by the composition of the lapping agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/31051—Planarisation of the insulating layers
- H01L21/31053—Planarisation of the insulating layers involving a dielectric removal step
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/32115—Planarisation
- H01L21/3212—Planarisation by chemical mechanical polishing [CMP]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Abstract
本發明提供可以高的研磨速度研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物且可減低該研磨對象物表面之刮傷之研磨用組成物。一種研磨用組成物,其係用以研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物,且含有平均一次粒徑為3nm以上8nm以下之研磨粒A與平均一次粒徑超過8nm之研磨粒B及分散介質,前述研磨用組成物中之研磨粒B之含量多於前述研磨用組成物中之研磨粒A之含量,前述研磨粒A及前述研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度為2.0個/nm2以下,前述研磨粒B之長寬比超過1.3且2.0以下。
Description
本發明係關於研磨用組成物。
近幾年來,伴隨半導體基板表面之多層配線化,於製造裝置時,係利用物理性研磨半導體基板而平坦化之所謂化學機械研磨(Chemical Mechanical Polishing;CMP)技術。CMP係使用含有氧化矽或氧化鋁、氧化鈰等之研磨粒、防腐蝕劑、界面活性劑等之研磨用組成物(漿料),使半導體基板等之研磨對象物(被研磨物)之表面平坦化之方法,研磨對象物(被研磨物)係由矽、多晶矽、氧化矽膜(氧化矽)、矽氮化物或金屬等所成之配線、栓柱等。
例如作為用以研磨氧化矽之CMP漿料,於專利文獻1中揭示含有鹽、可溶性鈰、羧酸及發煙氧化矽之水性化學機械研磨組成物。且,專利文獻2中,揭示含有水、0.1~40重量%之膠體氧化矽研磨粒及0.001~5重量%添加劑(吡啶衍生物)之化學機械研磨組成物。
專利文獻1:日本特表2001-507739號公報
專利文獻2:日本特開2015-063687號公報
然而,依據專利文獻1記載之水性化學機械研磨組成物,雖提高氧化矽基板之研磨速度,但有於基板表面發生多數刮傷之問題。
且,依據專利文獻2記載之化學機械研磨組成物,雖抑制了氧化矽基板表面之刮傷,但有研磨速度不充分之問題。
如此,於含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物之研磨中,要求可解決研磨速度提高及刮傷減低之可說是相反之課題之研磨用組成物。
因此,本發明之目的在於提供可以高的研磨速度研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物且可減低該研磨對象物表面之刮傷之研磨用組成物。
為解決上述課題,本發明人等重複積極研究。其結果,發現藉由下述研磨用組成物可解決上述課
題,該研磨用組成物含有粒徑小之研磨粒A與粒徑大於研磨粒A之研磨粒B,研磨粒B之含量多於研磨研磨粒A,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度為2.0個/nm2以下,且研磨粒B之長寬比超過1.3且2.0以下。因此,基於上述見解,因而完成本發明。
亦即,本發明係一種研磨用組成物,其係用以研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物,且含有平均一次粒徑為3nm以上8nm以下之研磨粒A與平均一次粒徑超過8nm之研磨粒B及分散介質,前述研磨用組成物中之研磨粒B之含量多於前述研磨用組成物中之前述研磨粒A之含量,前述研磨粒A及前述研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度為2.0個/nm2以下,前述研磨粒B之長寬比超過1.3且2.0以下。
依據本發明,提供可以高的研磨速度研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物且可減低該研磨對象物表面之刮傷之研磨用組成物。
本發明係一種研磨用組成物,其係用以研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物,且含有平均一次粒徑為3nm以上8nm以下之研磨粒A與平均一次粒徑超過8nm之研磨粒B及分散介質,前述研磨用組成物中之研磨
粒B之含量多於前述研磨用組成物中之前述研磨粒A之含量,前述研磨粒A及前述研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度為2.0個/nm2以下,前述研磨粒B之長寬比超過1.3且2.0以下。具有此種構成之本發明之研磨用組成物可以高的研磨速度研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物且可減低該研磨對象物表面之刮傷。
使用本發明之研磨用組成物時,獲得上述效果之詳細理由並不清楚,但認為係如下理由。又,本發明不限定於下述理由。
亦即,本發明之研磨粒A及研磨粒B由於平均矽醇基密度低,故處於ζ電位顯示正的傾向。相對於此,含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物之ζ電位為負。因此,由於研磨粒A及研磨粒B與研磨對象物相互吸引,故提高研磨速度。
另一方面,研磨粒之平均矽醇基密度低時,真密度變高,硬度變高。使用硬度高的研磨粒時,一般處於研磨對象物表面之刮痕增加之傾向。且,研磨粒之長寬比高時,因其不規則形狀,一般仍處於研磨對象物表面之刮傷增加之傾向。
然而,如本發明,若組合研磨粒A及研磨粒B之含量關係之要件、研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度之要件、研磨粒B之長寬比之要件,如何相互作用之機制雖尚不清楚,但意外地,可解決可以高的研磨速度研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物而且可減低該研磨對
象物表面之刮傷之相反課題。
以下詳細說明本發明。
本發明之研磨對象物包含氧原子及矽原子。作為此種研磨對象物之例舉例為例如氧化矽(SiO2)、原矽酸四乙酯(TEOS)等之材料。該等材料可單獨使用亦可組合2種以上使用。本發明之研磨用組成物所致之效果由於於研磨對象物含有原矽酸四乙酯(TEOS)時更易於發揮。因此,依據本發明之較佳實施形態,前述研磨對象物包含原矽酸四乙酯。
只要包含上述之含氧原子及矽原子之材料,則本發明之研磨對象物亦可含有其他材料。作為其他材料之例舉例為例如氮化矽(SiN)、碳化矽(SiC)、藍寶石(Al2O3)、矽鍺(SiGe)等。
其次,針對本發明之研磨用組成物之構成詳細說明。
本發明所用之研磨粒A及研磨粒B之種類舉例為例如氧化矽、氧化鋁、氧化鋯、氧化鈦等之金屬氧化物。研磨粒A及研磨粒B之種類分別可為單獨種類,或亦可為2種以上之種類。且,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之種類可相同亦可不同。進而,研磨粒A及研磨粒B各可使用市售
品,亦可使用合成品。
作為研磨粒A及研磨粒B之種類較好為氧化矽,更好為膠體氧化矽。膠體氧化矽之製造方法舉例為矽酸鈉法、溶凝膠法,以任一製造方法製造之膠體氧化矽均可較好地使用作為本發明之研磨粒A及研磨粒B。然而,基於金屬雜質減低之觀點,較好為藉由可以高純度製造之溶凝膠法製造之膠體氧化矽。
本發明中使用之研磨粒A之平均一次粒徑為3nm以上8nm以下。研磨粒A之平均一次粒徑未達3nm時,由於每1個研磨粒之研磨速度促進效果顯著降低,故研磨速度之促進效果低。
研磨粒A之平均一次粒徑之下限值較好為4.0nm以上,更好為5.0nm以上,又更好為6.0nm以上。且,研磨粒A之平均一次粒徑之上限值較好未達8.0nm,更好為7.5nm以下,又更好為6.5nm以下。
又,本發明中使用之研磨粒B之平均一次粒徑超過8nm。研磨粒之平均一次粒徑為8nm以下時,由於每1個研磨粒之研磨速度低,故無法獲得通常期待之研磨速度促進效果,但如本發明之藉由含有比研磨粒B少之平均一次粒徑為8nm以下之研磨粒A,可發揮本發明所期待之效果。
研磨粒B之平均一次粒徑之下限值較好為
15nm以上,更好為20nm以上,又更好為25nm以上,在更好為27nm以上。且,研磨粒B之平均一次粒徑之上限值並未特別限制,但較好80nm以下,更好為40nm以下,又更好為35nm以下。
又,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均一次粒徑係藉由FE-SEM(場發射掃描電子顯微鏡)測定之值。
本發明之研磨用組成物中所含之研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度為2.0個/nm2以下。該平均矽醇基密度超過2.0個/nm2時,研磨粒之硬度變低,研磨速度降低。
研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度較好為1.9個/nm2以下,更好為1.8個/nm2以下,又更好為1.7個/nm2以下,若考慮最大限度地獲得研磨速度促進效果,則較好為1.6個/nm2以下,更好為1.5個/nm2以下。
研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度,若考慮減低刮傷數,則較好為0.5個/nm2以上,更好為0.7個/nm2以上,又更好為1.2個/nm2以上。
又,平均矽醇基密度之下限值通常為0。
研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度(個/nm2)係藉由G.W.Sears之Analytical Chemistry,vol.28,No.12,1956,1982~1983中記載之使用中和滴定之Sears滴定法算出。Sears滴定法係評價矽醇基數時一般使用之分析方法,係自pH4至pH9變化所需之氫氧化鈉水溶液
量算出之方法。
更具體而言,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度係將研磨粒A及研磨粒B之混合物作為測定樣品,以上述方法進行滴定,由下述計算式算出。下述式中之C使用研磨粒A及研磨粒B之總質量(合計質量),下述式中之S係使用測定研磨粒A及研磨粒B之個別BET比表面積,由研磨粒A及研磨粒B之混合比求出加權平均之值。又,研磨粒為1種時之平均矽醇基密度可於[C]中代入該研磨粒之質量,於[S]中代入該研磨粒之BET比表面積而算出。
更具體而言,首先將作為固體成分之1.50g研磨粒採取入200ml燒杯中,添加約100ml純水作成漿料後,添加30g氯化鈉進行溶解。其次,添加1N鹽酸將漿料之pH調整至約3.0~3.5後,添加純水直至漿料成為150ml。對於該漿料使用自動滴定裝置(平沼產業股份有限公司製,COM-1700),於25℃使用0.1N氫氧化鈉調整pH為4.0,進而藉由pH滴定測定將pH自4.0提高至9.0所需之0.1N氫氧化鈉溶液之容量V[L]。平均矽醇基密度(矽醇基數)由下述式算出。
[數1]ρ=(c×V×NA×10-21)/(C×S)
上述式中,ρ表示平均矽醇基密度(矽醇基數)(個/nm2);
c表示滴定所用之氫氧化鈉溶液濃度(mol/L);V表示將pH自4.0提高至9.0所需之0.1N氫氧化鈉溶液之容量[L];NA表示亞佛加厥數(個/mol);C表示研磨粒A及研磨粒B之總質量(固體成分)(g);S表示研磨粒A及研磨粒B之BET比表面積之加權平均數(nm2/g)。
又,使用「研磨粒A及研磨粒B之混合物」作為測定樣品時,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之個別BET比表面積可藉由離心分離、過濾分離而測定。
研磨粒A單獨之平均矽醇基密度較好為3.8個/nm2以上,更好為4.0個/nm2以上。且研磨粒A之平均矽醇基密度較好為5.1個/nm2以下,更好為4.9個/nm2以下。
研磨粒B單獨之平均矽醇基密度較好為1.3個/nm2以上,更好為1.4個/nm2以上。且研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度較好為1.8個/nm2以下,更好為1.7個/nm2以下。
進而,研磨粒A及研磨粒B只要平均矽醇基密度滿足上述範圍,則亦可經表面修飾。尤其特佳為固定化有機酸之膠體氧化矽。有機酸對研磨用組成物中所含之膠體氧化矽表面之固定化係例如藉由使有機酸之官能基化學鍵結於膠體氧化矽表面而進行。僅使膠體氧化矽與有機
酸單純共存,無法發揮有機酸對膠體氧化矽之固定化。若將有機酸之一種的磺酸固定化於膠體氧化矽,則可以例如“Sulfonic acid-functionalized silica through quantitative oxidation of thiol groups”Chem.Commun.246-247(2003)所記載之方法進行。具體而言,將3-巰基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等之具有硫醇基之矽烷偶合劑偶合於膠體氧化矽後,以過氧化氫使硫醇基氧化,可獲得於表面固定化磺酸之膠體氧化矽。或者,若將羧酸固定化於膠體氧化矽,則可藉由例如“Novel Silane Coupling Agents Containing a Photolabile 2-Nitrobenzyl Ester for Introduction of a Carboxy Group on the Surface of Silica Gel”,Chemistry Letters,3,228-229(2000)所記載之方法進行。具體而言,將包含光反應性2-硝基苄基酯之矽烷偶合劑偶合至膠體氧化矽後藉由光照射,可獲得於表面固定化有羧酸之膠體氧化矽。
又,本實施例、比較例所用之研磨粒未經表面修飾。
研磨粒B之長寬比(長徑/短徑)超過1.3且2.0以下。長寬比為1.3以下時,研磨對象物之研磨速度降低。另一方面,長寬比超過2.0時,研磨對象物表面之刮傷增加。該長寬比較好為1.40以上,更好為1.45以上。且,該長寬比較好為1.9以下,更好為1.8以下,又更好為1.7
以下,再更好為1.6以下。又,研磨粒B之長寬比係採用隨機抽取300個由FE-SEM測定之粒子像,測定長寬比之值的平均值。
研磨粒A之長寬比(長徑/短徑)並未特別限制,但較好為1.3~3.0,更好為1.5~2.5,又更好為1.6~2.0,再更好為1.7~1.9。
研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均一次粒徑、研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度、及研磨粒B之長寬比可藉由研磨粒之製造方法之選擇等而控制。更具體而言,藉由控制研磨粒成長時之溫度與pH、滴加速度,可控制矽醇基密度,藉由控制研磨粒成長時之溫度與pH可控制長寬比。根據需要,可參考日本特開2001-002411號公報、日本特開2000-178020號公報、國際公開第2008/123373號公報、日本特開平5-085716號公報、日本特開平6-316407號公報、美國專利第6,334,880號說明書、國際公開第2010/035613號公報等揭示之內容,或組合而控制。
本發明中,研磨用組成物中之研磨粒B含量多於研磨用組成物中之研磨粒A含量。研磨用組成物中之研磨粒B含量少於研磨粒A含量或等於研磨粒A含量時,研磨粒對被研磨面之接觸面積雖增加,但由於研磨粒A之每1個研磨粒之研磨量比研磨粒B顯著低,故難以促進研磨速
度。
研磨用組成物中之研磨粒A與研磨粒B之質量比(研磨粒A/研磨粒B)較好為0.01/99.99~20/80,更好為0.01/99.99~15/85,又更好為0.01/99.99~12/88,再更好為0.01/99.99~8/92。若為該範圍,則可更效率良好地獲得本發明效果。
研磨用組成物中之研磨粒A與研磨粒B之合計含量(濃度)之下限值相對於組成物總質量較好為0.002質量%以上,更好為0.02質量%以上,又更好為0.1質量%以上,再更好為0.5質量%以上,又再更好為1.5質量%以上,特佳為2.0質量%以上。
又,研磨用組成物中之研磨粒A與研磨粒B之合計含量(濃度)之上限值相對於組成物總質量較好為10質量%以下,更好為8質量%以下,又更好為6質量%以下,再更好為5質量%以下。若為該範圍,則可抑制成本同時可獲得高的研磨速度。
本發明之研磨用組成物包含用以分散各成分之分散介質。作為分散介質較好為水。基於抑制阻礙其他成分作用之觀點,較好為儘可能不含雜質之水,具體而言,較好為以離子交換樹脂去除雜質離子後通過過濾器去除異物之純水或超純水、或蒸餾水。
本發明之研磨用組成物之pH並未特別限制,但基於研磨粒之分散安定性之觀點,pH之下限較好為pH1.0以上,更好為pH2.0以上。且,pH之上限較好為pH7.0以下,更好為pH6.0以下,又更好為5.0以下,特佳為4.0以下。因此,依據本發明之較佳實施形態,本發明之研磨用組成物之pH為2.0以上6.0以下。藉由該實施形態,可獲得期望之加工速度。
該pH可藉由適量添加pH調節劑而調整。用以將研磨用組成物之pH調整至期望值所必要使用之pH調整劑可為酸及鹼之任一者,且亦可為無機化合物及有機化合物之任一者。酸之具體例舉例為例如硫酸、硝酸、硼酸、碳酸、次磷酸、亞磷酸及磷酸等之無機酸;甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸、2-甲基丁酸、正己酸、3,3-二甲基丁酸、2-乙基丁酸、4-甲基戊酸、正戊酸、2-甲基己酸、正辛酸、2-乙基己酸、苯甲酸、乙醇酸、水楊酸、甘油酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、馬來酸、鄰苯二甲酸、蘋果酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸及乳酸等之羧酸,以及甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸及羥乙基磺酸等之有機硫酸等之有機酸,植酸、羥基亞乙基二膦酸等之有機磷系之酸等之有機酸等。鹼之具體例舉例為氫氧化鉀等之鹼金屬之氫氧化物、氨、乙二胺及哌啶等之胺,以及四甲基銨及四乙基銨等之4級銨鹽。該等pH調節劑可單獨使用亦可混合2種以上使用。
本發明之研磨用組成物根據需要亦可進而含有氧化劑、金屬防腐蝕劑、防腐劑、防黴劑、水溶性高分子、用以溶解難溶性有機物之有機溶劑等之其他成分。以下針對較佳之其他成分的氧化劑、金屬防腐蝕劑、防腐劑及防黴劑加以說明。
可添加於研磨用組成物之氧化劑具有使研磨對象物之表面氧化之作用,且提高研磨用組成物對研磨對象物之研磨速度。
可使用之氧化劑舉例為過氧化氫、過氧化鈉、過氧化鋇、臭氧水、銀(II)鹽、鐵(III)鹽、過錳酸、鉻酸、重鉻酸、過氧二硫酸、過氧磷酸、過氧硫酸、過氧硼酸、過甲酸、過乙酸、過苯甲酸、過鄰苯二甲酸、次氯酸、次溴酸、次碘酸、氯酸、亞氯酸、過氯酸、溴酸、碘酸、過碘酸、過硫酸、二氯異氰尿酸及該等之鹽等。該等氧化劑可單獨使用或可混合2種以上使用。
研磨用組成物中之氧化劑含量較好為0.1g/L以上,更好為1g/L以上,進而較好為3g/L以上。隨著氧化劑含量變多,更提高研磨用組成物對研磨對象物之研磨速度。
研磨用組成物中之氧化劑含量較好為200g/L
以下,更好為100g/L以下,進而較好為40g/L以下。隨著氧化劑含量減少,除了可抑制研磨用組成物之材料成本以外,亦可減輕研磨使用後之研磨用組成物之處理亦即廢液處理之負荷。又,亦可減少因氧化劑引起研磨對象物表面之過度氧化之虞。
藉由於研磨用組成物中添加金屬防腐蝕劑,可更抑制使用研磨用組成物研磨之配線邊緣產生凹陷。且,可更抑制使用研磨用組成物研磨後之研磨對象物表面產生凹陷。
可使用之金屬防腐蝕劑並未特別限制,較好為雜環式化合物或界面活性劑。雜環式化合物中之雜環員數並未特別限制。且,雜環式化合物可為單環化合物,亦可為具有縮合環之多環化合物。該金屬防腐蝕劑可單獨使用或可混合2種以上使用。且該金屬防腐蝕劑可使用市售品亦可使用合成品。
可作為金屬防腐劑使用之雜環化合物之具體例舉例為例如吡咯化合物、吡唑化合物、咪唑化合物、三唑化合物、四唑化合物、吡啶化合物、哌啶化合物、嗒嗪化合物、吡啶化合物、吲哚嗪化合物、吲哚化合物、異吲哚化合物、吲唑化合物、嘌呤化合物、喹嗪化合物、喹啉化合物、異喹啉化合物、萘啶化合物、酞嗪化合物、喹喔啉化合物、喹唑啉化合物、噌啉化合物、喋啶化合物、噻唑化合物、異噻唑化合物、噁唑化合物、異噁唑化合物、
呋咱化合物等之含氮雜環化合物。
本發明所用之防腐劑及防黴劑舉例為例如2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮或5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮等之異噻唑啉系防腐劑,對羥基苯甲酸酯類及苯氧基乙醇等。該等防腐劑及防黴劑可單獨使用亦可混合2種以上使用。
本發明之研磨用組成物之製造方法並未特別限制,例如可藉由將研磨粒及根據需要之其他成分於分散介質中攪拌混合而得。
混合各成分時之溫度並未特別限制,較好為10~40℃,為了提高溶解速度亦可加熱。且混合時間亦未特別限制。
如上述,本發明之研磨用組成物尤其較好地使用於含有氧原子及矽原子之研磨對象物之研磨。因此,本發明提供以本發明之研磨用組成物研磨含有氧原子及矽原子之研磨對象物之研磨方法。
作為研磨裝置,可使用安裝有保持具有研磨對象物之基板等之固持器與可變更轉數之馬達等之具有可貼附研磨墊(研磨布)之研磨壓盤之一般研磨裝置。
作為前述研磨墊,可無特別限制地使用一般不織布、聚胺基甲酸酯、及多孔質氟樹脂等。研磨墊上較好施以可積存研磨液之槽加工。
研磨條件亦未特別限制,例如研磨壓盤(platen)及壓頭(承載體)之旋轉速度分別獨立較好為10~500rpm,施加於具有研磨對象物之基板之壓力(研磨壓力)較好為0.5~10psi。對研磨墊供給研磨用組成物之方法亦未特別限制,例如可採用泵等連續供給之方法。其供給量並未限制,較好研磨墊表面總是由本發明之研磨用組成物覆蓋。且研磨時間亦未限制。
研磨結束後,使基板於流水中洗淨,藉由旋轉乾燥器等將附著於基板上之水滴甩落並乾燥,藉此獲得含有氧原子及矽原子之基板。
本發明之研磨用組成物可為一液型,亦可為將研磨用組成物之一部分或全部以任意混合比率混合之以二液型為代表之多液型。且,使用具有複數個研磨用組成物之供給路徑之研磨裝置時,亦可使用以於研磨裝置上混合研磨用組成物之方式預先調整之2種以上之研磨用組成物。
又,本發明之研磨組成物可為原液形態,亦可藉由水稀釋研磨組成物之原液而調製。研磨用組成物為二液型時,混合及稀釋順序為任意,舉例為例如將一組成物以水稀釋後將該等混合之情況,或與混合同時以水稀釋之情況,且使混合之研磨用組成物以水稀釋之情況等。
依據本發明亦提供一種提高含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物之研磨速度且減低研磨對象物表面之刮傷之方法,其具有使用本發明之研磨用組成物研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物。
關於該方法之構成要件,由於同樣適用上述說明之內容,故於此處省略其說明。
本發明將使用以下實施例及比較例進一步詳細說明。惟,本發明之技術範圍不僅限制於以下之實施例。又,只要未特別記載,則「%」及「份」分別表示「質量%」及「質量份」。又,下述實施例中,只為未特別記載,則操作係在室溫(25℃)/相對溼度40~50%RH之條件下進行。
又,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度(單位:個/nm2)係如上述說明以Sears法算出。
又,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均一次粒徑係以動態光散射式粒徑測定裝置測定。進而,研磨粒B之長寬比係隨機抽取300個由FE-SEM測定之粒子像,算出測定長寬比之值的平均值。又,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均一次粒徑、研磨粒B之長寬比亦可由混合物形態算出。
準備研磨粒1作為研磨粒。研磨粒1係相對於研磨粒全體質量含有0.20質量%之平均一次粒徑為6.2nm、平均矽醇基密度為4.2個/nm2之膠體氧化矽A1作為研磨粒A,相對於研磨粒全體質量含有99.80質量%之平均一次粒徑為30nm、平均矽醇基密度為1.5個/nm2且長寬比為1.5之膠體氧化矽B1作為研磨粒B者。研磨粒1之平均矽醇基密度為1.7個/nm2。又,研磨粒A及研磨粒B之含量係使用FE-SEM對樣品隨機測定30點,隨後,自圖像中計算各研磨粒個數,算出30點之計算數之平均值而求得。以下亦同。又,實施例、比較例所使用之研磨粒A之長寬比均為1.8。
上述研磨粒1以使組成物中之研磨粒A及研磨粒B之合計濃度成為1質量%之方式,於分散介質(純水)中攪拌、分散,進而,添加作為pH調整劑之硝酸使研磨用組成物之pH成為3.0,藉此製作研磨用組成物(混合溫度:約25℃,混合時間:約10分鐘)。又,研磨用組成物(液溫:25℃)之pH係藉由pH計(堀場製作所股份有限公司製,型號:LAQUA)確認。
除了將研磨粒濃度變更為表1所示之研磨粒濃度以外,與實施例1同樣製作研磨用組成物。
除了以研磨粒c1代替研磨粒1作為研磨粒使用以外,與實施例1同樣製作研磨用組成物。研磨粒c1不含有研磨粒A,以相對於研磨粒全體質量含有100質量%之平均一次粒徑為31nm、平均矽醇基密度為4.5個/nm2且長寬比為1.3之膠體氧化矽B2作為研磨粒B者。
除了以研磨粒c2代替研磨粒1作為研磨粒使用,且研磨粒濃度設為10質量%以外,與實施例1同樣製作研磨用組成物。研磨粒c2不含有研磨粒A,以相對於研磨粒全體質量含有100質量%之平均一次粒徑為40nm、平均矽醇基密度為1.2個/nm2且長寬比為3.1之發煙氧化矽B1作為研磨粒B者。
準備平均一次粒徑為6.2nm、平均矽醇基密度為4.7個/nm2之膠體氧化矽A2作為研磨粒A,且準備上述研磨粒B2作為研磨粒B。代替研磨粒1,使用將上述膠體氧化矽A2及膠體氧化矽B2以膠體氧化矽A2/膠體氧化矽B2=0.01/99.99之質量比且組成物中之膠體氧化矽A2及膠體氧化矽B2之合計含量為5質量%之方式於分散介質(純水)中攪拌、分散而得之研磨粒c3以外,與實施例
1同樣製作研磨用組成物。研磨粒c3之平均矽醇基密度如表1所示。
除了如表1所示般變更研磨粒A及研磨粒B之比率以外,與比較例3同樣製作研磨用組成物。研磨粒c4之平均矽醇基密度如表1所示。
除了代替膠體氧化矽B2而使用平均一次粒徑為33nm、平均矽醇基密度為1.5個/nm2且長寬比為1.5之膠體氧化矽B3作為研磨粒B以外,與比較例3同樣製作研磨用組成物。平均矽醇基密度如表1所示。
除了如表1所示般變更研磨粒A及研磨粒B之比率以外,與實施例5同樣製作各研磨用組成物。平均矽醇基密度如表1所示。
除了代替研磨粒c3,而使用不含有研磨粒A,以相對於研磨粒全體質量含有100質量%之上述膠體氧化矽B3作為研磨粒B之研磨粒c5以外,與比較例3同樣製作研磨用組成物。平均矽醇基密度如表1所示。
準備膠體氧化矽A2作為研磨粒A,且準備平均一次粒徑為35nm、平均矽醇基密度為4.5個/nm2、長寬比為1.6之膠體氧化矽B4作為研磨粒B。代替研磨粒1,使用將上述膠體氧化矽A2及膠體氧化矽B4以膠體氧化矽A2/膠體氧化矽B4=1/99之質量比且組成物中之膠體氧化矽A2及膠體氧化矽B4之合計含量為5質量%之方式於分散介質(純水)中攪拌、分散而得之研磨粒c6以外,與實施例1同樣製作研磨用組成物。
除了代替膠體氧化矽B4,使用平均一次粒徑為32nm、平均矽醇基密度為1.5個/nm2、長寬比為1.3之膠體氧化矽B5作為研磨粒B以外,與比較例6同樣製作研磨用組成物。
測定使用上述所得之各研磨用組成物,以下述研磨條件研磨研磨對象物(TEOS基板)時之研磨速度。
研磨機:Mirra-200mm研磨機(APPLIED MATERIALS公司製:AMAT)
研磨墊:聚胺基甲酸酯製墊(IC1010:羅門哈斯公司製)
壓力:1.8psi
調整器(整飾機):尼龍刷(A165,3M公司製)
壓盤(platen)轉速:93rpm
壓頭(承載體)轉速:87rpm
研磨用組成物流量:200ml/min
研磨時間:60秒
研磨速度(研磨速率)係藉由光干涉式膜厚測定裝置求出研磨對象物之膜厚,將其差除以研磨時間而評價(參考下述式)。
膜厚係使用光干涉式膜厚測定裝置(GLI TENCOL(KLA)股份有限公司製,型號:ASET)求出,將其差除以研磨時間而評價。
研磨對象物表面之刮傷個數係使用GLI TENCOL公司製之晶圓檢查裝置“Surfscan SP2”,測定晶圓全面(但外周2mm除外),所測定之座標以Review-SEM(RS-6000,日立高科技股份有限公司製)全數觀察,計算刮傷數。
實施例1~9及比較例1~7之研磨用組成物之評價結果示於下述表1。
如由上述表1所了解,可知實施例之研磨用組成物與比較例之研磨用組成物相比,TEOS基板之研磨速度更提高,且TEOS基板表面之刮傷亦減少。且如由比較例5~7所了解,可知研磨粒A及研磨粒B之含量關係之要件、研磨粒A及研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度之要件、及研磨粒B之長寬比之要件之任一者均未滿足時,無法獲得TEOS基板之研磨速度之提高及TEOS基板表面之刮傷之減低效果。
又,本申請案係基於2015年9月30日申請之日本專利申請第2015-192425號,其揭示內容藉由參考全體加以引用。
Claims (7)
- 一種研磨用組成物,其係用以研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物,且含有平均一次粒徑為3nm以上8nm以下之研磨粒A與平均一次粒徑超過8nm之研磨粒B及分散介質,前述研磨用組成物中之研磨粒B之含量多於前述研磨用組成物中之前述研磨粒A之含量,前述研磨粒A及前述研磨粒B之平均矽醇基密度為2.0個/nm2以下,前述研磨粒B之長寬比超過1.3且2.0以下。
- 如請求項1之研磨用組成物,其pH為2.0以上6.0以下。
- 如請求項1或2之研磨用組成物,其中前述研磨對象物包含原矽酸四乙酯。
- 如請求項1~3中任一項之研磨用組成物,其中前述研磨粒A與前述研磨粒B之質量比(研磨粒A/研磨粒B)為0.01/99.99~20/80。
- 如請求項4之研磨用組成物,其中前述研磨粒A與前述研磨粒B之質量比(研磨粒A/研磨粒B)為0.01/99.99~8/92。
- 如請求項1~5中任一項之研磨用組成物,其中前述研磨粒A與前述研磨粒B於前述研磨用組成物中之含量(研磨粒濃度)為2質量%以上。
- 一種研磨方法,其係使用如請求項1~6中任一項之研磨用組成物研磨含有氧原子與矽原子之研磨對象物。
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