TW201710062A - 網狀構造體 - Google Patents
網狀構造體 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201710062A TW201710062A TW105117908A TW105117908A TW201710062A TW 201710062 A TW201710062 A TW 201710062A TW 105117908 A TW105117908 A TW 105117908A TW 105117908 A TW105117908 A TW 105117908A TW 201710062 A TW201710062 A TW 201710062A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- density polyethylene
- linear low
- layer
- uniaxial alignment
- mesh
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title abstract description 51
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
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- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRMWKHFHNIMDKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclopenta-2,4-dien-1-yl-9H-fluorene Chemical compound C1(C=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC1=2 LRMWKHFHNIMDKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical group C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
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- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
- B29C55/045—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique in a direction which is not parallel or transverse to the direction of feed, e.g. oblique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/28—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of blown tubular films, e.g. by inflation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/027—Thermal properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
- B32B7/035—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features using arrangements of stretched films, e.g. of mono-axially stretched films arranged alternately
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
- B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
- B29C2791/007—Using fluid under pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
- B29C2793/0063—Cutting longitudinally
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/025—General arrangement or layout of plant
- B29C48/0255—General arrangement or layout of plant for extruding parallel streams of material, e.g. several separate parallel streams of extruded material forming separate articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
- B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/14—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
- B29C48/147—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle
- B29C48/1472—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle at the die nozzle exit zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/14—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
- B29C48/147—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle
- B29C48/1474—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle at a calibration zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/49—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/91—Heating, e.g. for cross linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
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Abstract
目的在於獲得單軸配向體間的接著性、低溫熱密封性優異,且高強度之輕量網狀不織布。
一種網狀構造體,係含有2個以上包含有熱可塑性樹脂層及層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層之至少一面的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之單軸配向體,以該2個以上的單軸配向體之配向軸交叉的方式,將該2個以上之單軸配向體透過該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層而層積或織成為網狀構造體,其滿足以下特性:(1)單位面積質量:5~70g/m2;(2)該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層厚度:2~10μm;(3)該單軸配向體間的接著力:10~60N;(4)拉伸強度:20~600N/50mm。
Description
本發明係於一種網狀構造體。本發明尤其係關於一種構成網狀構造體之單軸配向體間的接著力優異,而適於作為補強材的網狀構造體。
以往,便開發有一種織布,係將藉由高壓自由基聚合法所製造之低密度聚乙烯層積在高密度聚乙烯兩面而成為多層膜並延伸後,將割纖後的網狀膜以配向軸交叉之方式來加以層積、熱壓著後的聚乙烯不織布或將該多層膜延伸前或延伸後裁切而成為延伸帶體來加以織成。此般不織布或織布會被使用在店面販售用的蔬菜袋,或各種袋、農業用披覆材、農業用資材,或與其他素材複合化來用為補強袋、帶體類等。
專利文獻1係記載有一種層積有配向在縱向(長度方向)之熱可塑性樹脂製的單軸配向體(縱網)以及配向在橫向(寬度方向)之熱可塑性樹脂製的單軸配向體(橫網)所構成的網狀不織布之製造方法。此網狀不織布係在各別形成之縱網與橫網交互重疊的狀態下,藉由按壓、加熱來一體化製造縱網及橫網。
此種網狀不織布較薄、輕量且透氣性良好,縱向與橫向均有高強度而平衡優異,而且具有彈性較強的特長。又,在耐水性及耐藥品性等亦具有優異特性。
【先前技術文獻】
【專利文獻1】日本特許第2983584號公報
然而,近年來,為了擴大網狀不織布之補強材等的用途,便被要求有更高強度,以及在單軸配向體間,一範例中係構成縱網之纖維與構成橫網之纖維間的高接著力。又,隨著近年來容器、包裝材輕量化,亦被要求有輕量且高強度化。但是,輕量化後會變得較為柔軟,使得網狀不織布特長之一的剛性、強度消失,故要輕量且高強度兼具乃有所困難。因此,因輕
量化,便會使得用途受到限制,或使得製袋或折痕等地加工性變差。又,在補強用途的情況,也會有沒有拉伸強度以及因構成單軸配向體之纖維間的剝離而在實用上無法獲得充分補強效果的情況。
為了輕量化並提高剛性、拉伸強度,可考慮將單軸配向體外層之低密度聚乙烯層變薄,並提高主層之熱可塑性樹脂層的比率,但讓各自單軸配向體外層之接著層變薄,會使得單軸配向體間之接著力變低,而有損接著強度。
本發明為了解決上述問題,精心研討的結果,藉由將層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層的至少一面之低密度聚乙烯層加以調整,便能讓該層變薄且提升單軸配向體間的接著強度,並確保拉伸強度,且亦能提升熱密封性,進而完成最適於作為補強材之網狀不織布及強化層積體。亦即,本發明為一種網狀構造體,係含有2個以上包含有熱可塑性樹脂層及層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層之至少一面的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之單軸配向體,以該2個以上的單軸配向體之配向軸交叉的方式,將該2個以上之單軸配向體透過該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層而層積或織成。然後,其滿足以下特性:(1)單位面積質量:5~70g/m2;(2)該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層厚度:2~10μm;(3)該單軸配向體間的接著力:10~60N;(4)拉伸強度:20~600N/50mm。
該網狀構造體中,較佳地,該熱可塑性樹脂層係含有熔點較該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層要高的高密度聚乙烯。
該網狀構造體中,較佳地,該單軸配向體係將膨脹(inflation)成形所獲得的多層膜單軸延伸來加以製造。
該網狀構造體中,較佳地,該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層係含有以茂金屬觸媒所聚合之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。
該網狀構造體中,較佳地,該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層係含有在分子鏈中具有長鏈分支之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。
該網狀構造體中,較佳地,該單軸配向體係含有層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層一側面之第1直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,以及層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層
另側面之第2直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,該第1及第2直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層係含有MFR為0.5~10g/10min,密度為0.910~0.940g/cm3之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。
該網狀構造體中,較佳地,該2個以上之單軸配向體係單軸配向網狀膜或單軸配向帶體之至少一者。
本發明中,係在單軸配向體之至少一側外層使用直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,藉由讓此直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層變薄,便可相對性提高單軸配向體中較硬的熱可塑性樹脂層的比率。由於單位面積質量:5~70g/m2乃是輕量,故可製造較重的網狀不織布,藉由接著力較強的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,便可確保高接著力。如此般,在使用直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯的情況,便可在提高熱可塑性樹脂層的比率下,提升拉伸強度,進一步地具有可以直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層來補足接著強度降低之優點。
1‧‧‧網狀不織布
2‧‧‧分裂網(網狀膜)
21‧‧‧幹纖維
22‧‧‧枝纖維
2-1‧‧‧縱網
2-2‧‧‧橫網
3‧‧‧分裂網
6,6’‧‧‧熱可塑性樹脂層(網狀膜)
7-1,7-1’‧‧‧茂金屬LLDPE層(接著層)
7-2,7-2’‧‧‧茂金屬LLDPE層(接著層)
L,T‧‧‧配向軸
圖1係顯示本發明一實施形態相關之第1網狀構造體的平面圖。
圖2係顯示構成圖1所示之網狀構造體的單軸配向體構成例之立體圖。
圖3係顯示構成圖1所示之網狀構造體的單軸配向體構成例之立體圖。
圖4係顯示圖2所示之單軸配向體之製造方法的立體圖。
圖5係顯示本發明實施形態相關之網狀不織布的第1製造方法之立體圖。
圖6係顯示本發明實施形態相關之網狀不織布的第2製造方法之立體圖。
以下,便參照圖式來說明本發明的實施形態。但是,本發明並未限定在以下的實施形態。
[第1實施形態:網狀構造體]
本發明依第1實施形態為一種網狀構造體,係含有2個以上包含有熱可塑性樹脂層及層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層之至少一面的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之單軸配向體,以該2個以上的單軸配向體之配向軸交叉的方式,將該2個以上之單軸配向體透過該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層而層積或織成。然後,該網狀構造體係具備以下特性。
(1)單位面積質量:5~70g/m2;(2)該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層厚度:2~10μm;(3)該單軸配向體間的接著力:10~60N;(4)拉伸強度:20~600N/50mm。
此處所謂的拉伸強度係至少朝一方向的拉伸強度,例如,在2個以上的單軸配向體中,為朝至少一邊之單軸配向體的配向方向的拉伸強度。又,某實施形態中,在製造單軸配向體或網狀構造體時,為朝縱向(亦稱為機械方向、長度方向、運送方向或流動方向)或橫向(亦稱為寬度方向)的至少一方向的拉伸強度。
首先,就構成本發明網狀構造體之單軸配向體的層構成及各層的組成來加以說明。單軸配向體係含有熱可塑性樹脂層及層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層之至少一面的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層。
熱可塑性樹脂層為以熱可塑性樹脂為主成分的層。熱可塑性樹脂可舉出有割纖性良好的聚乙烯、聚丙烯等之聚稀烴及該等之共聚合體,較佳地,為高密度聚乙烯。
熱可塑性樹脂層厚度未有特別限定,在直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層厚度為後述所欲範圍的情況,可以達成既定單位面積質量的方式由該業者來適當決定。熱可塑性樹脂的厚度可約為20~70μm,較佳為25~60μm。另外,此厚度為單軸配向後的層厚度。
直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層係以熔點較該熱可塑性樹脂要低的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯為主成分的層。直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層的熔點與該熱可塑性樹脂層的熔點差異因製造上的理由,需要為5℃以上,較佳為10~50℃。直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層會與其他單軸配向體作為接著層而發揮功能,故亦有稱為接著層的情況。
直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯較佳係以茂金屬觸媒所聚合者。茂金屬觸媒係活性點較為單一而被稱為單點觸媒種類的觸媒,係至少含有含環戊二烯骨架之配位子的之週期表第IV族過渡金屬化合物之觸媒。代表性者可舉出有過渡金屬之茂金屬配位化合物、例如讓鋯或鈦之雙環戊二烯基配位化合物作為助觸媒之甲基鋁氧烷(methylaluminoxane)等反應所獲得之觸媒,各種配位化合物、助觸媒、載體等各種組合之均勻或不均勻觸媒。茂金屬觸媒舉出
有例如日本特開昭58-19309號、同59-95292號、同59-23011號、同60-35006號、同60-35007號、同60-35008號、同60-35009號、同61-130314號、日本特開平3-163088號公報等所公知之物。
直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯在此般茂金屬觸媒的存在下,藉由氣相聚合法、漿料聚合法、溶液聚合法等的製造程序,藉由共聚合便可獲得乙烯及α-稀烴。共聚合體中,較佳係使用碳數為4~12之α-稀烴。具體而言,可舉出有丁稀、戊稀、己稀、庚稀、辛稀、壬稀、癸稀。
直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯更具體的製造條件係在實質上斷絕氧、水等的狀態下,在從己烷、庚烷等脂肪族碳化氫;苯、甲苯、二甲苯等之芳香族碳化氫;環己烷、甲基環己烷等之脂環族碳化氫等所選出之非活性碳化氫溶媒的存在下,藉由進行乙烯及α-稀烴之聚合來加以製造,聚合溫度可由0~300℃的範圍,聚合壓力可由大氣壓~約100kg/cm2的範圍,聚合時間可由1分鐘~10小時的範圍來分別加以選擇。
使用茂金屬觸媒聚合之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯與例如齊格勒型觸媒或菲利浦型觸媒所獲得之共聚合物的性狀有所差異,分子量分布會較窄,具有分子鏈之分支密度幾乎相等的特徵。茂金屬觸媒所致之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯的聚合例如在日本特開2009-1776號公報或本案申請人之日本特開平8-169076號公報有所詳述,該業者能基於該等公報或其他習知技術而在茂金屬觸媒的存在下,製造直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。或者,亦可使用市售物來作為以茂金屬觸媒所聚合之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。
直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯更佳地為以茂金屬觸媒所聚合之長鏈分支型直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。具有碳數超過20之長鏈分支的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯兼具有柔軟性及加工性,故從網狀構造體之製造觀點,特別有利。長鏈分支型直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯可以供之方法由該業者來適當合成,亦可使用市售物來作為長鏈分支型直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。長鏈分支的導入方法舉出有例如使用茂金屬系觸媒,直接將乙烯與α-稀烴共聚合之方法。此情況之茂金屬系觸媒舉出有使用具有交聯雙環戊二烯基配位子之配位化合物的範例、使用具有交聯茚配位子之配位化合物的範例、使用拘束幾何觸媒的範例、使用具有苯並配位子之配位化合物的範例。又,使用具有交聯(環戊二烯)(茚)配位子之配位化合物的方法較佳於長鏈分支的生成。該等方法中,可適當
選擇聚合條件來控制長鏈分支的質與量。
又,此直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯的熔體流動速率較佳為0.5~10g/10min,更佳為1~5g/10min。熔體流動速率未達0.5g/10min時,會有成形時的壓力負荷變大的情況,又,超過10g/10min時,則有成膜穩定性較低的不良情況。又,密度較佳為0.910~0.940g/cm3,更佳為0.915~0.930g/min3。在此範圍之外的情況,會使得單軸配向體間的熱熔接變得困難,而有不良的情況。
直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層的厚度為2~10μm,較佳為2~9μm,更佳為2~7μm。此厚度未達2μm時,無法得到充足的接著力。另一方面,超過10μm時,其結果會使得拉伸強度降低,變得柔軟而無法獲得充分作為補強材的效果。另外,此厚度為單軸配向後之層厚度。
構成熱可塑性樹脂層、直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之各自樹脂在不損及其特性的範圍下,亦可含有高壓法低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)等之上述主成分以外的樹脂,亦可含有公知的添加劑。添加劑可舉出有例如氧化防止劑、耐候劑、潤滑劑、抗凝結劑、帶電防止劑、防霧劑、無滴劑、顏料、充填物等。
直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層可僅層積在熱可塑性樹脂層之單面,亦可層積在熱可塑性樹脂層的兩面。在層積於熱可塑性樹脂層的兩面之情況,可分別將其稱為第1直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層、第2直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層。第1直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層與第2直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,其組成、厚度可為相同,亦可為相異,第1、第2直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層各自會滿足上述厚度及熔體流動速率,較佳係以與熱可塑性樹脂層的關係來滿足上述組成條件。
單軸配向體可藉由將具有此般組成及層構成之多層膜單軸配向來加以獲得。單軸配向體可為例如單軸配向網狀膜,或單軸配向帶體。關於該等之詳細樣態及製法將於後述。本發明之網狀構造體係至少將2個以上的單軸配向體層積或織成來加以構成,至少2個單軸配向體係以其配向軸交叉之方式來層積或織成。此時,2個單軸配向體可為同一組成及層構成,亦可為不同組成及層構成。
依單軸配向體的特性,網狀構造體可以為網狀不織布的情況,亦可為織布的情況。又,配向軸交叉的樣態可以為幾乎正交者,亦可為以既定角度交叉者。將單軸配向體層積3個以上的情況,3個以上之配向體的配向軸
可以既定角度來加以交叉。以下,便就單軸配向體之樣態及其組合所致之網狀構造體的實施形態來加以說明。
[第1網狀構造體:層積分裂網及分裂網所構成之不織布]
第1網狀構造體係將於縱向單軸延伸之多層膜割纖後,擴幅所獲得的單軸配向體,與在多層膜寬度方向形成凹槽後於寬度方向單軸延伸所獲得的單軸配向體,以配向方向略正交之方式來加以層積所得之不織布。圖1係顯示本發明實施形態相關之網狀構造體一範例的網狀不織布。網狀不織布1係將單軸配向體一範例之分裂網2的配向軸L與單軸配向體之另一範例的分裂網3的配向軸T以相互交叉之方式來經緯層積而加以形成。
然後,相鄰之分裂網2及分裂網3之接觸部位彼此係以面接著來加以接合。
圖2及圖3分別顯示構成圖1所示之網狀不織布1的分裂網2及分裂網3。圖2(A)所示之分裂網2係將在熱可塑性樹脂層的單面或雙面層積直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層所構成的多層膜單軸延伸於縱向(分裂網2之配向軸L的軸方向),並於縱向割纖且擴幅所形成的單軸配向網狀膜。
由網狀膜所構成之單軸配向體一範例之分裂網2可藉由多層膨脹成形、多層T模法等製造方法來加以製造。具體而言,係在熱可塑性樹脂層兩面形成層積較佳地為直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯一範例之以茂金屬觸媒所合成的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之多層膜。以下本說明書中,係將以茂金屬觸媒來聚合之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層稱為茂金屬LLDPE層。將此多層膜於縱向延伸至少3倍後,於同方向使用切割器割纖呈交叉狀(切割處理)而成為網狀膜,進一步地擴幅呈既定寬度來加以形成。藉由擴幅會形成幹纖維21及枝纖維22,而成為圖示般的網狀體。此分裂網2會橫跨寬度方向整體而於縱向具有較高強度。
圖2(B)係以圖2(A)之一點鏈線所包圍區域B之放大立體圖,分裂網2係在熱可塑性樹脂層6兩面層積有熔點較此熱可塑性樹脂要低之茂金屬LLDPE層7-1,7-2的3層構造。茂金屬LLDPE層7-1,7-2之一者會在網狀不織布1形成時,在與凹槽網3一同地經緯層積之際作為網相互的接著層而發揮功能。
圖3(A)所示之凹槽網3係在熱可塑性樹脂層兩面層積有茂金屬LLDPE
層之多層膜於橫向(凹槽網3之配向軸T的軸向)置入多數凹槽後,於橫向單軸延伸所形成的網狀膜。詳細而言,凹槽網3除了上述多層膜之兩邊部的部分,係藉由例如熱刃等來平行地形成交叉等斷續之凹槽後,於橫向延伸來加以形成。此凹槽網3於橫向具有較高的強度。
圖3(B)係圖3(A)以一點鏈線所包圍區域B之放大立體圖,凹槽網3係在熱可塑性樹脂層6’兩面層積有熔點較此熱可塑性樹脂要低的茂金屬LLDPE層7-1’,7-2’之3層構造所構成。該等茂金屬LLDPE層7-1’,7-2’之一者會在網狀不織布1形成時,在與分裂網2一同地經緯層積之際作為網相互的接著層而發揮功能。
分裂網的形狀除了圖3所示形狀以外,係具備相互平行延伸之幹纖維,及將相鄰幹纖維彼此連接之枝纖維,該幹纖維係幾乎配列於單方向之單軸配向體,係在具有與分裂網2相同構成之生膜於寬度方向形成多數凹槽後,於寬度方向以和分裂網2同樣的延伸倍率來延伸所得之物,亦即,俯視觀之時,係具有相對於分裂網2而旋轉±90°之圖案,或類似於此的圖案之凹槽網亦可作為單軸配向網狀膜來使用。
另外,圖2,3所示之單軸配向體的3層構造乃是一範例,例如在分裂網2中,可省略茂金屬LLDPE層7-1,可為熱可塑性樹脂層6與茂金屬LLDPE層7-2之雙層構造。又,凹槽網3中,可省略茂金屬LLDPE層7-1’,可為熱可塑性樹脂層6’與茂金屬LLDPE層7-2’之雙層構造。從而,網狀不織布可為該等2層或3層之分裂網與凹槽網之任意組合。
本實施形態之網狀不織布1的單位面積質量為5~70g/m2,較佳為7~65g/m2,更佳為10~60g/m2。本單位面積質量可藉由改變熱可塑性樹脂層6之厚度來加以控制。又,本實施形態之網狀不織布的拉伸強度為20~600N/50mm,較佳為30~550N/50mm,更佳為50~500N/50mm。此拉伸強度可藉由改變熱可塑性樹脂層6之厚度來加以控制。本實施形態之拉伸強度係稱為縱向的拉伸強度。
單軸配向體至少一者之表層會使用接著力強的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,透過此直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層來層積單軸配向體,可在單軸配向體之間確保10~60N的接著力。此處所謂的接著力係在縱200mm×50mm之試驗片,使用拉伸試驗機所測量的數值,係以拉伸速度500mm/min朝既定方向拉伸,
以變位40mm~90mm之荷重指示值的振幅平均值來測定的數值。直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層與一般低密度聚乙烯層(LD)相比較為柔軟,藉由讓直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層的厚度薄如2~10μm,便可提高單軸配向體整體厚度中之熱可塑性樹脂層的比率,而維持拉伸強度。
接著,就圖1所示之網狀不織布1的製造方法,使用圖4及圖5來加以說明。
圖4係概略顯示分裂網2之製造工序。又,圖5係概略顯示將凹槽網3層積在分裂網2來製造網狀不織布1之工序。
圖4中,(1)多層膜的製膜工序中,係將熱可塑性樹脂供給至主押出機111,將作為接著層樹脂之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯樹脂供給至2台副押出機112,以主押出機111所押出之熱可塑性樹脂作為中心層,以2台副押出機112,112所押出之接著層樹脂作為內層及外層,藉由膨脹成形來製作多層膜。於是,熱可塑性樹脂便會構成由圖2所示之熱可塑性樹脂所構成的層6,直鏈狀低密度樹脂會構成圖2所示之直鏈狀低密聚乙烯樹脂層7-1,7-2。圖4係顯示使用3台押出機通過多層環狀模113下吹藉由水冷膨脹114來製膜情況之範例,但多層膜之製造方法可使用多層膨脹法、多層T模法等,並未有特別限制。
(2)配向工序中,係將上述製膜後的環狀多層膜切割為2片膜F,F,通過具有紅外線加熱器、熱風送入機等之爐體15內,加熱至既定溫度,並可使用鏡面處理後之冷卻滾輪來對初始尺寸以延伸倍率3~15,較佳為5~12、更佳為6~10進行滾輪配向。延伸倍率未達3倍時,會有機械強度不充分之虞。另一方面,延伸倍率超過15倍時,以通常方法將會難以延伸,會產生需要高價裝置的問題。延伸較佳是以多段來進行以防止延伸紋。上述配向溫度係中心層熱可塑性樹脂之熔點以下,通常為20~160℃,較佳為60~150℃,更佳為90~140℃的範圍,以多段進行較佳。
(3)分裂(割纖)工序中,係將上述配向後的多層膜以高速旋轉的分裂器(旋轉刃)116來滑動接觸,以對膜做分裂處理(割纖化)。分裂方法除上述外,亦可將單軸配向後的多層膜敲打的方法、扭轉的方法、滑動擦過(摩擦)的方法、刷磨方法等之機械方法,或藉由氣噴法、超音波法、雷射法等以形成無數微細切痕的方法。該等中,尤其以旋轉式機械方法較佳。此般旋轉
式機械方法舉出有螺攻式分裂器、銼刀狀粗面體分裂器、針輪狀分裂器等各種形狀的分裂器。例如,螺攻式分裂器係使用具有一般為5角或6角的角形,且1吋到10~150吋,較佳為15~100吋的螺紋者。又,銼刀狀粗面體分裂器可使用日本實公昭51-38980號公報所記載者。銼刀狀粗面體分裂器係將圓形剖面軸的表面加工為通功用的圓銼刀或類似於其之粗面體,於其面等間距地附有2道螺旋槽者。該等之具體物舉出有美國專利第3,662,935號、同第3,693,851號等所揭示者。製作上述分裂網2之方法雖未特別限制,但較佳係舉出有將分裂器配置在押輥間,對單軸配向後之多層膜施以張力並移動,以高速旋轉的分裂器來滑動接觸而分裂網狀化之方法。
上述分裂工序中的膜移動速度通常為1~1,000m/分鐘,較佳為10~500m/分鐘。又,分裂器的轉速(周速度)可依膜的物性、移動速度、目的之分裂網2性狀等來適當選擇,但通常為10~5,000m/分鐘,較佳為50~3,000m/分鐘。
此般割纖所形成之膜在以所欲擴幅後,經由熱處理117而在(4)捲繞工序118中捲繞為既定長度,作為網狀不織布1用之原料一側的單軸配向體之分裂網2來加以供給。
圖5係顯示本案一實施樣態之網狀不織布1的製造方法的概略圖,係顯示含有層積有在圖4作為捲繞體之分裂網2及凹槽網3之工序的製造方法之圖式。如圖5所示,主要係含有(1)成為凹槽網3原料之多層膜的製膜工序、(2)相對多層膜之長度方向略直角地進行凹槽處理之凹槽工序、(3)多層凹槽膜之單軸配向工序以及(4)於單軸配向所得之凹槽網3層積分裂網2並熱壓著之壓著工序。
以下將說明各工序。圖5中,(1)多層膜的製膜工序中,係供給熱可塑性樹脂至主押出機311,將直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯供給至副押出機312,將主押出機311所押出之熱可塑性樹脂作為內層,將副押出機312所押出之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯作為外層,藉由膨脹成形來製作2層膜。於是,熱可塑性樹脂便會構成圖3所示之熱可塑性樹脂層6’,直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯便會構成圖3所示之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層7-1’、7-2’。圖5係顯示使用2台押出機通過多層環狀模313下吹藉由水冷膨脹314來製膜情況之範例。多層膜
之製造方法與該圖4範例同樣地,可使用多層膨脹法、多層T模法等,並未有特別限制。
(2)凹槽工序中,係將上述製膜後的多層膜夾扁,接著藉由壓延來微配向,以相對於行進方向而交叉地置入橫凹槽315。上述凹槽方法舉出有剃刀刃或高速旋轉刃般的銳利刃尖來切割的方法、以切割刃、剪切刃等來形成凹槽的方法等,最佳是以熱刃(加熱切割器)來形成凹槽的方法。此般熱刃範例揭示於日本特公昭61-11757號、美國專利第4,489,630號,同第2,728,950號。
(3)配向工序中,係對進行上述凹槽處理後的多層膜於寬度方向施以單軸配向316。配向方法舉出有拉幅法、滑輪法等,由於裝置小型化會較為經濟,故較佳為滑輪法。滑輪法舉出有英國專利第849,436號及日本特公昭57-30368號所揭示之方法。配向溫度等條件則與該圖4範例的情況相同。
以上述所得之單軸配向體的凹槽網3(橫網)會被搬送至(4)熱壓著工序317。另一方面,以圖4方法所製造之單軸配向體的分裂網2(縱網)會從原料輸出滾輪210輸出,以既定的供給速度行進而送交至擴幅工序211,藉由前述擴幅機擴幅至數倍,依需要來進行熱處理。
將此縱網層積至該橫網而送交至熱壓著工序317,於此處將縱網及橫網以配向軸交叉之方式層積而熱壓著。具體而言,係在外周面為鏡面之熱滾筒317a與鏡面滾輪317b,317c之間依序引導縱網2及橫網3,並對該等施壓來相互熱壓著而為一體化。
藉此,鄰接之縱網12及橫網3的接觸部位彼此便會全面性地面接著。
經過目視等的缺陷檢查後,便可搬送至捲繞工序318而成為網狀不織布1之捲繞體(製品)。
[第2網狀構造體:將分裂網經緯層積所構成的不織布]
第2網狀構造體為網狀不織布,係將縱向單軸延伸之多層膜割纖後,將擴幅所得之單軸配向體以配向方向交叉之方式,較佳地為配向方向略正交之方式經緯層積所構成。亦即,第2網狀構造體中,所層積的單軸配向體兩者均係由第1網狀構造體中所說明之分裂網2所構成的網狀不織布。
圖6係就第2網狀構造體之不織布的製造方法來加以說明的概略圖。此網狀不織布係將圖2所示之分裂網2以2片經緯層積者。圖6中,係將圖4
所示般製造之分裂網2-1(縱網)從原料輸出滾輪410輸出,以既定供給速度行進而送交至擴幅工序411,藉由擴幅機(未圖示)擴幅至數倍,依需要進行熱處理。
將其他分裂網2-2(橫網)與縱網同樣地由原料輸出滾輪510輸出,以既定供給速度行進而送交至擴幅工序511,藉由擴幅機(未圖示)擴幅至數倍,依需要進行熱處理後,裁切至等同於縱網2-1寬度之長度,相對於縱網之行進膜而從直角方向來加以供給,在層積工序412中透過各接著層來使得各網之配向軸以相互正交之方式來經緯層積。將經緯層積後的縱網2-1及橫網2-2在熱壓著工序417中在外周面為鏡面之熱滾筒417a與鏡面滾輪417b,417c之間依序引導而施以按壓。藉此縱網2-1及橫網2-2便會相互熱壓著而一體化。又,鄰接之縱網2-1及橫網2-2的接觸部位彼此會全面性地面接著。將如此一體化後的縱網2-1及橫網2-2在捲繞工序418捲取,而成為層積網狀不織布之捲取體。
如上述般製造之第2網狀構造體在單位面積質量、縱向及橫向兩者之拉伸強度、直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之厚度、接著力上係具備與第1網狀構造體相同的數值特性,會達成同樣的效果。
[第3網狀構造體:單軸配向帶體所構成之網狀不織布‧織布]
第3網狀構造體係將單軸配向帶體經緯層積所構成之不織布或織成的織布。亦即,第3網狀構造體係使兩個單軸配向體兩者由複數單軸配向帶體群所構成。然後,在不織布的情況,係使得複數單軸配向帶體群以延伸方向會略正交之方式來經緯層積,並熔接或接著。在織布的情況,係以使得複數單軸配向帶體群為經絲,複數單軸配向帶體群為緯絲之方式,以任意的織法所織成,並熔接或接著。
單軸配向帶體係與第1網狀構造體中所說明的分裂網2同樣地,藉由多層膨脹法或多層T模法等的壓出成形,來製造2層或3層構造之生膜,可於縱向單軸延伸3~15倍,較佳為3~10倍後,沿著延伸方向以例如2mm~7mm之寬度裁切來加以製造。或是,同樣地,可製造2層或3層構造之生膜,沿著機械方向以同樣的寬度裁切後,於縱向單軸延伸3~15倍,較佳是3~10倍來加以製造。此般單軸配向帶體中,延伸方向(配向方向)係一致於帶體的長邊方向。
層積此般單軸配向帶體所構成之不織布而成的網狀構造體中,係將經絲的複數單軸配向帶體以固定間隔來平行排列,並將此作為一邊的單軸配向體。相對於此,另邊的單軸配向體係將緯絲的其他複數單軸配向體同樣地以固定間隔來平行地排列,而層積為單軸配向帶體群。此處所稱之經絲、緯絲係為了定義兩者相對關係而使用者,經緯可互相交換。此時,單軸配向帶體群與單軸配向帶體群會在以其長邊方向,亦即配向方向略正交之方式來加以層積。然後,藉由將經絲與緯絲的接觸面加熱熔著,便形成為第3網狀構造體之網狀不織布。此情況,熱熔著或接著的樣態係同樣於第1網狀構造體。另外,在單軸配向帶體係由熱可塑性樹脂層及直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之2層所構成的情況,係以讓緯絲之直鏈狀聚乙烯層與經絲接觸的方式來加以層積。為經絲之單軸配向帶體與為緯絲之單軸配向帶體只要滿足本發明單軸配向體之組成、層厚等的條件,其組成及厚度、寬度、帶體間距離可相同亦可不同。織布除了取代將複數單軸配向帶體加以層積,而是改為織成之外,可同樣地加以製造。
第3網狀構造體亦是在單位面積質量、拉伸強度、直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層厚度、單軸配向體間之接著力上具備與第1網狀構造體相同的特性,會達成相同效果。另外,本實施形態中,單軸配向體間的接著力係指為經絲之單軸配向帶體群與為緯絲之單軸配向帶體群之接著力,此數值亦如同第1網狀構造體所例示說明之範圍。拉伸強度係朝為經絲之單軸配向帶體的配向方向,或為緯絲之單軸配向帶體之方向的至少一邊,或該等兩邊之拉伸強度。
[第4網狀構造體:分裂網與單軸配向帶體的網狀不織布]
第4網狀構造體係層積具備有相互平行延伸之幹纖維與連接鄰接之該幹纖維彼此的枝纖維的單軸配向體與單軸配向帶體群層所構成的不織布。
第4網狀構造體的說明中,係就層積3層單軸配向體的形態來加以說明。亦即,本發明的第4網狀構造體典型地,係由以分裂網2為第1單軸配向體,以複數單軸配向帶體群為第2單軸配向體來加以構成,進一步地,包含有由斜交於構成該第2單軸配向體之單軸配向帶體群之複數單軸配向帶體群所構成之第3單軸配向體。
此般網狀構造體係將具備相互平行延伸之幹纖維與連接鄰接之該幹纖
維彼此的枝纖維的分裂網、與斜交於該分裂網之配向方向且由相互平行延伸之單軸配向帶體群所構成之第1單軸配向帶體群、與從相反於該第1單軸配向帶體群之方向斜交於該分裂網之配向方向且由相互平行延伸之第2第2單軸配向帶體群所構成之第2單軸配向帶體群加以層積所構成之不織布。第4網狀構造體中,係相對於分裂網,相對於其配向方向以α’之角度來層積單軸配向帶體。然後,斜交於單軸配向帶體,且相對於配向方向以α之角度來層積單軸配向帶體。此情況,α與α’可相同亦可不同,只要為例如45~60度即可。
關於構成第4網狀構造體之分裂網、單軸配向帶體的製造方法係如同第1、第3網狀構造體所說明者,可同樣地加以製造。藉由將該等層積、將接觸部熔接或接著便可得到第4網狀構造體。
第4網狀構造體中,單軸配向帶體以外的單軸配向體除了詳述之分裂網以外,亦可使用在例如具備與分裂網相同構成之生膜於寬度方向形成多數凹槽後,於寬度方向以與分裂網同樣的延伸倍率所延伸而得者,亦即,在俯視觀之的情況,係使用具有相對於分裂網旋轉±90°之圖案,或類似於其之圖案的分裂網。此情況,可使得分裂網與第1單軸配向帶體群層、第2單軸配向帶體群層相對於配向方向斜交而與上述同樣的樣態來加以層積。或者,將分裂網或是凹槽網與第1單軸配向帶體群層之兩層,以分裂網或是凹槽網之配向方向與單軸配向帶體群層之長邊方向交叉之方式來層積為網狀構造體。
第4網狀構造體中,亦是在單位面積質量、拉伸強度、直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層厚度、單軸配向體間之接著力上具備與第1網狀構造體相同的特性,會達成相同效果。單軸配向體間的接著力係指分裂網或凹槽網,與一層或兩層之單軸配向帶體群層之所有單軸配向體間的接著力,此數值亦具有如同第1網狀構造體所例示說明之範圍的數值特性。拉伸強度係朝分裂網或凹槽網的配向方向,或單軸配向帶體群之配向方向的任一方向,或兩邊方向之拉伸強度。此拉伸強度數值如同第1網狀構造體所例示說明之範圍。
[第2實施形態:強化層積體]
本發明依第2實施形態係關於一種強化層積體。強化層積體係使用第1~第4網狀構造體,或其變形形態相關的網狀構造體作為補強材,並將其
層積於被強化體所構成的強化層積體。在強化層積體的情況,由於對加工裝置之裝設性及將網狀構造體層積於被強化體而可提升機械處理時之加工性或作業性,故可減低製造成本並適用於各樣的被強化體之補強。被強化體一範例可舉出有膜片(film sheet)、發泡膜片、多孔片等之合成樹脂製膜片類、和紙工藝紙、紙板等之紙類、橡膠膜片、鋁箔等之金屬箔、熔噴不織布‧水針不織布等之乾式不織布、紙漿不織布等之溼式不織布等的各種不織布,衣物等的織布、金屬類、陶器類、玻璃,但不限於該等。
本實施形態相關之強化層積體會被利用於休閒遍體、汽車用車棚、農業用披覆材、水泥袋、瀝青袋、合成樹脂顆粒袋、黏著帶體用基材、屏蔽膜片等,不織布、織布則可有效利用於農業用披覆材、高爾夫球場草皮罩、過濾器、防水袋、各種袋體、吸油材、花包覆材、房屋包覆材、墊體、雨刷、去污布(waste)等之農園藝用資材、建築用資材,家庭用品等。
以下,便參照實施例來更詳細說明本發明。但是,本發明並不限定於以下的實施例。
本發明相關之網狀構造體中,係準備材料構成、層構成比及單位面積質量不同的樣本,量測以驗證接著力、長度方向的拉伸強度。具體而言,係以參照圖4、5所說明之方法來製造網狀不織布。
實施例1~3係分別將樹脂A用於一般的單軸配向體之分裂網2主層之熱可塑性樹脂層6,於此熱可塑性樹脂層6兩面以水冷膨脹法來層積樹脂B以作為接著層7-1,7-2。分裂網2製作中朝縱向之延伸倍率為8倍。另邊的單軸配向體之凹槽網3亦是使用樹脂A於主層之熱可塑性樹脂層6’,實施例1,2係將樹脂B用於此熱可塑性樹脂層6’之兩面,實施例3係將樹脂B用於此熱可塑性樹脂層6’之單面,並藉由水冷膨脹法來加以層積。凹槽網3的製作中,朝寬度方向之延伸倍率係同樣於朝縱向之延伸倍率。又,分裂網2及凹槽網3係藉由121℃之熱熔著來加以接著。
比較例1~3中,接著層除了取代樹脂B而使用樹脂C以外,關於層構成、延伸倍率、熱熔著溫度均是分別以與同樣於實施例1~3之條件來製造網狀構造體。
實施例1~3中,各層厚度(延伸前厚度/延伸後厚度)係於下述表1,比較例1~3中各層厚度係於下述表2來加以表示。外層厚度係指接觸單面之接
著層的厚度。又,各層所使用之樹脂如下。另外,樹脂B係以茂金屬觸媒所聚合的具有長鏈分支之直鏈低密度聚乙烯。
樹脂A:高密度聚乙烯HY444(日本聚乙烯社製)
樹脂B:直鏈低密度聚乙烯CB2001(住友化學社製)
樹脂C:低密度聚乙烯LE541H(日本聚乙稀社製)
就實施例、比較例所製造之網狀構造體各自測量單位面積質量、單軸配向體間之接著力、拉伸強度。
單軸配向體間、亦即,凹槽網與分裂網之接著力的測定係使用拉伸試驗機來加以進行。將網狀透造體所切出之試驗片(縱200mm×橫150mm)從上部至中部以連結至拉伸試驗機之載置單元的U字型器具來勾掛至試驗片的中央部。試驗片的底部係固定在拉伸試驗機,以拉伸速度500mm/min拉伸,以變位40mm~90mm之荷重指示值的振幅平均值來加以表示。
拉伸強度係使用拉伸試驗機,將從網狀不織布於行進方向所切出之試驗片(縱200mm×橫50mm)的兩端固定,以間距離10mm的間隔藉由固定具固定。接著,以拉伸速度200mm/min拉伸來測量所產生之最大點強度。
實施例1、2、3均見到所要求的特性。另一方面,比較例1中,係確保單位面積質量、拉伸強度為幾乎相等,單軸配向體間的接著力為6N,作為補強材用途會在構成單軸配向體之纖維間發生剝離而無法利用為網狀不織
布。比較例2、3同樣地,單軸配向體間的接著力為6N,作為補強材用途會在構成單軸配向體之纖維間發生剝離而非為能實用於網狀不織布。
又,雖未顯示詳細數據,但以變形例所示之製造方法,以與實施例1~3相同的樹脂構成、層厚度、延伸倍率所製造的第2網狀構造體的單位面積質量、接著力、拉伸強度亦具有在本發明範圍內的良好接著力。
本發明相關之網狀不織布乃有用於包裝材料、建築材料、片體、袋體、罩體。
1‧‧‧網狀不織布
2‧‧‧分裂網(網狀膜)
3‧‧‧分裂網
L,T‧‧‧配向軸
Claims (7)
- 一種網狀構造體,係含有2個以上包含有熱可塑性樹脂層及層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層之至少一面的直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層之單軸配向體,以該2個以上的單軸配向體之配向軸交叉的方式,將該2個以上之單軸配向體透過該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層而層積或織成為網狀構造體,其滿足以下特性:(1)單位面積質量:5~70g/m2;(2)該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層厚度:2~10μm;(3)該單軸配向體間的接著力:10~60N;(4)拉伸強度:20~600N/50mm。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之網狀構造體,其中該熱可塑性樹脂層係含有熔點較該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層要高的高密度聚乙烯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之網狀構造體,其中該單軸配向體係將膨脹(inflation)成形所獲得的多層膜單軸延伸來加以製造。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之網狀構造體,其中該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層係含有以茂金屬觸媒所聚合之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之網狀構造體,其中該直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層係含有在分子鏈中具有長鏈分支之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之網狀構造體,其中該單軸配向體係含有層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層一側面之第1直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,以及層積在該熱可塑性樹脂層另側面之第2直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層,該第1及第2直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯層係含有MFR為0.5~10g/10min,密度為0.910~0.940g/cm3之直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之網狀構造體,其中該2個以上之單軸配向體係單軸配向網狀膜或單軸配向帶體之至少一者。
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