TW201601369A - 撓性多孔膜 - Google Patents
撓性多孔膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201601369A TW201601369A TW104117614A TW104117614A TW201601369A TW 201601369 A TW201601369 A TW 201601369A TW 104117614 A TW104117614 A TW 104117614A TW 104117614 A TW104117614 A TW 104117614A TW 201601369 A TW201601369 A TW 201601369A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- flexible
- electrospinning
- pvdf
- copolymer
- solvent
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 poly(difluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OQMIRQSWHKCKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethene;1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)=C.FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F OQMIRQSWHKCKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0004—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles
- B01D67/00042—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles by deposition of fibres, nanofibres or nanofibrils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
- B01D71/261—Polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
- B01D71/262—Polypropylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/14—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
- B29C48/142—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration using force fields, e.g. gravity or electrical fields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0416—Methods of deposition of the material involving impregnation with a solution, dispersion, paste or dry powder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/454—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising a non-fibrous layer and a fibrous layer superimposed on one another
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/39—Electrospinning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2027/12—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material containing fluorine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2027/12—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material containing fluorine
- B29K2027/16—PVDF, i.e. polyvinylidene fluoride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
- B29L2031/3468—Batteries, accumulators or fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/755—Membranes, diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
本發明提供了一種用於製備撓性多孔膜的方法。膜的一個應用是用於製備撓性鋰離子電池。該方法包括:藉由靜電紡絲在撓性基板上沉積至少一個靜電紡絲層。靜電紡絲中使用的溶液包括分散在溶劑中的聚二氟亞乙烯(PVDF)和聚(二氟亞乙烯-六氟丙烯)(PVdF-HFP)共聚物,以使該溶液具有在300cP至1500cP之間的聚合物黏度。靜電紡絲製程參數的較佳設置包括在20kV至50kV之間的電壓、在3ml/h至12ml/h之間的饋送率及在100mm至150mm之間的旋轉高度。較佳地,PVDF和PVdF-HFP具有在1:1和5:1之間的重量比。溶劑可包括重量比在1:2和8:2之間的二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)和丙酮。共聚物的重量較佳為共聚物和溶劑總重量的5%至25%。
Description
本申請要求2014年6月16日提交的U.S臨時申請No.61/998,017和2015年5月26日提交的美國非臨時申請No.14/721,002的優先權,兩個申請的內容藉由援引整體併入本文。
本發明涉及一種使用靜電紡絲技術製備的撓性多孔膜。撓性多孔膜的一個應用是用於製備撓性鋰離子電池。
如本文中使用的,“撓性”物體(諸如撓性電池、撓性薄膜或撓性膜)是具有可調整形狀的固態非剛性物體。如此,該撓性物體是可彎曲且可壓擠的。
薄膜撓性鋰離子(Li-離子)電池有利地用於需要小電源的各種應用。根據使用者的需要,可以以不同的形狀和尺寸製造撓性電池。藉由調整電池的形狀來適配裝置中的可用空間,電池在佔用裝置中無用空間和只增加微不足道的重量的同時,還能提供需用功率。在製備撓性電池期間,最有挑戰性的部分是準備用在電池中的電解質。由於電解質通常是液體形式,所以需要使用用電解質浸透的多孔膜,以在膜中保留電解質。該膜通常被稱為電池的分離器。當彎曲或重塑電池時,電解質有從膜中洩
漏引起電池的電壓變化的風險,因此會影響電池的可靠性。希望具有即使當彎曲或重塑該膜時也能高度可靠地將電介質保留在其中的多孔膜。
在2010年,ACS Nano,第4卷第10期,5843-5848頁,L.Hu、H.Wu、F.La Mantia、Y.Yang和Y.Cui的“Thin,flexible secondary Li-ion paper batteries”的公開中(藉由援引將其整體併入本文),使用紙作為撓性鋰離子電池的分離器。雖然獲得了撓韌性,但不能調整紙的多孔性,以致電池的充電率/傳導率不可調。此外,在通常存在於電解質中的溶劑存在的情況下,紙是不穩定的。在長時間沉浸在溶劑中之後,紙分離器會變軟並破碎,使得其中的液體電解質漏出並引起短路。
在2012年6月28日,Scientific reports,第2卷第481期,N.Singh等人的“Paintable battery”的公開中(藉由援引將其整體併入本文),使用聚合物塗料作為電池的分離器。雖然當電池彎曲時,似乎不具有洩漏問題,但是聚合物塗料的孔隙率和傳導性會降低,導致低的充電率,以致與常規鋰離子電池相比,所需的充電時間增多。
本領域需要有撓性的、具有高孔隙率的且即使當重塑該膜時在不洩露的情況下也能保留其中液體的多孔膜。這種膜的一個有利應用是製備撓性鋰離子電池。通常,如果重塑這種膜,這種膜可用於需要在不洩露的情況下保持其中液體的其它應用。
本發明提供一種用於製備撓性多孔膜的方法。該方法包括用靜電紡絲製程在撓性基板的第一表面上沉積第一靜電紡絲層。具體地,靜電紡絲製程包括在多個製程參數下,將纖維從基本同質的溶液靜電紡絲到
基板上。該溶液包括分散在溶劑中的聚二氟亞乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride;PVDF)和聚(二氟亞乙烯-六氟丙烯)(poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene);PVdF-HFP)共聚物,使得該溶液具有在300cP至1500cP之間的聚合物黏度。多個製程參數包括:在20kV至50kV之間的電壓、在3ml/h至12ml/h之間的饋送率以及在100mm至150mm之間的旋轉高度。
較佳地,共聚物中使用的PVDF和PVdF-HFP具有在1:1和5:1之間的重量比。
還較佳地,該溶劑包括二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)和丙酮。另外,溶液中使用的DMF和丙酮可具有在1:2和8:2之間的重量比。
一個較佳設置是共聚物的重量是共聚物和溶劑總重量的5%至25%。
多個製程參數可進一步包括在20%至50%之間的環境濕度。
較佳地,基板由聚丙烯(PP)或聚乙烯(PE)組成,或者為三層PP/PE/PP電解分離膜。
撓性電池藉由包括固體電解質來實現,該固體電解質包括用公開的方法形成的撓性多孔膜。該膜進一步用液體電解質浸透。
本發明的其它方面如由下文中的實施例所示例那樣公開。
如說明書和附屬權利要求中使用的,在第一值和第二值“之間”的參數意指,該參數具有在第一值至第二值範圍中的包含第一值和第二值的值。這意味著該參數可以具有等於第一值或第二值的值。
在本發明的開發期間,發明人首先著重研究了製造撓性鋰離子電池的具體應用,並使用特定的靜電紡絲技術在商用分離器的每一側上製備成直線的納米纖維膜以製造夾層結構或獨立的納米纖維墊。發明人發現,納米纖維層具有非常好的電解質吸收率,其能接受本身重量10倍的液體電解質,同時在電池操作期間,商用分離器能充當非常好的機械支撐以避免任何損壞和變形。該膜還具有高孔隙率。膜的高孔隙率和電極結構的適當選擇使用聚合物凝膠能緩解固體電解質的緩慢的品質運輸問題。此外,多孔網狀物的高吸收能力消除了對電解質的剛性容器的需要。開發的固體電解質和電極材料的適當選擇一起有利地用於提高撓性鋰離子電池的安全性、撓韌性、離子傳導率和能量密度。
本發明的一方面是製備撓性多孔膜的方法。在闡述的本文公開的撓性多孔膜的細節中,我們著重研究用所公開的膜製備撓性鋰離子電池的應用。然而,本文公開的多孔膜不只限制於該應用。該公開膜還適用於其它應用。
在詳述該公開的方法之前,在圖1中描繪了用該方法形成的膜100的結構。膜100包括基板110,該基板110具有沉積在之上以形成夾
層結構的兩個多孔層120、130。當該膜100用於在撓性鋰離子電池中形成固體電解質時,在用液體電解質浸透之後,需要該夾層結構。然而,其它潛在的應用可以需要或較佳兩個表面中的僅一個表面沉積有多孔層。當不同地處理或完成另一個表面時,一些其它的潛在應用還需要只有一個表面具有多孔層。通常,膜100包括基板和在基板110上的至少一個多孔層(120或130)。每個多孔層都藉由靜電紡絲來形成。在不失一般性的情況下,多孔層120和130分別被稱為第一靜電紡絲層120和第二靜電紡絲層130。
示例地,該方法包括用靜電紡絲製程在基板110的第一表面111上沉積第一靜電紡絲層120。具體地,基板110是撓性的。可選地,該方法進一步包括用靜電紡絲製程在基板110的第二表面112上沉積第二靜電紡絲層130。注意,第二表面112和第一表面111相對。
為了使膜100具有高的孔隙率和撓性的特性以及即使彎曲或重塑膜100也能將液體保留在其中的能力,在靜電紡絲製程中使用的參數是很重要的。雖然本發明不意圖被任何理論限制,但是發明人認為,如果與用常用的靜電紡絲技術來實現相比,形成靜電紡絲層(120或130)的納米纖維封裝更緊密,則存在液體分子更牢固地保留在由納米纖維形成的網狀物內的機會。該較高的液體保留能力有利地用於抵制由彎曲或重塑靜電紡絲層引入的外力,防止了靜電紡絲層中的液體洩漏。鑒於該原因,發明人進行了實驗,並確定了較佳的一組溶液成分和在靜電紡絲製程中使用的製程參數。
圖2描述了實現靜電紡絲製程的典型機構。靜電紡絲製程包括在多個製程參數下,將纖維220從基本同質的溶液210靜電紡絲到基板
230上。溶液210包含在注射器215中,並經由噴絲頭217以饋送率251噴出,噴絲頭217旋轉,以使纖維220螺旋地落在基板230上以在其上形成靜電紡絲層。高壓電源218用於在噴絲頭217和基板230之間提供電壓252。示例性的較佳的一組溶液成分和製程參數給出如下。溶液210包括分散在溶劑中的聚二氟亞乙烯(PVDF)和聚(二氟亞乙烯-六氟丙烯)(PVdF-HFP)共聚物,以使該溶液具有在300cP至1500cP之間的聚合物黏度。多個製程參數包括電壓252、饋送率251和旋轉高度253,其中電壓252在20kV至50kV之間,饋送率251在3ml/h至12ml/h之間,旋轉高度253在100mm至150mm之間。
在一個較佳設置中,共聚物中使用的PVDF和PVdF-HFP具有在1:1和5:1之間的重量比。
實際上且較佳地,用於分散共聚物的溶劑包括二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)和丙酮。較佳設置是溶液中使用的DMF和丙酮具有在1:2和8:2之間的重量比。
在另一個較佳設置中,共聚物具有占共聚物和溶劑的總重量的5%至25%的重量。
多個製程參數可進一步包括環境濕度。該環境濕度具有20%至50%的較佳範圍。
在靜電紡絲製程期間,還需要控制噴絲頭217的噴絲速度和旋轉速度。噴絲速度和旋轉速度的典型值分別為20毫米/秒和每分鐘2000轉。
實際上,希望從商業上可獲得的列表選擇基板230。具體地,
尤其是對於製造撓性鋰離子電池的應用,基板較佳由聚丙烯(PP)或聚乙烯(PE)組成,或者為三層PP/PE/PP電解分離膜。
圖3描述了可由用該公開方法製造的膜實現的撓性電池的實例。撓性電池300包括固體電解質310。該固體電解質310包括用上述公開的方法的任何一個實施例形成的撓性多孔膜。此外,該膜用液體電解質浸透。對於是鋰離子電池的撓性電池300,液體電解質可以從LiPF6、LiClO4、(C2H5)4AN、H2O、H2SO4、NaOH、NaCl或其組合中選擇。
基於如上述公開的固體電解質310,本領域的普通技術人員能夠使用現有的電池設計來實現撓性電池。例如,藉由上述的L.Hu、H.Wu、F.La Mantia、Y.Yang和Y.Cui的公開得到一種撓性電池結構。在撓性電池300中,固體電解質310夾在陽極320和陰極330之間。佈置第一集電器341和第二集電器342以分別接觸陽極320和陰極330接觸。分別用第一鋁塑板351和第二鋁塑板352進一步封裝第一集電器341和第二集電器342。
在不偏離本發明的精神或基本特徵的情況下,可以以其它具體形式具體化本發明。因此,本實施例在所有方面都被認為是示例性的而不是限制性的。本發明的範圍用附加的權利要求,而不是前面的描述來表明,因此,在權利要求的等效意義和範圍內進行的所有改變都意指被包含在內。
圖1描述了根據本發明的一個實施例實現的撓性多孔膜的結構,其中該膜包括被每個均由靜電紡絲製程形成的兩個多孔層夾住的基板。
圖2描述了實現本發明所公開的靜電紡絲製程的典型機構。
圖3描述了可用公開的膜實現的撓性電池的實例。
300‧‧‧撓性電池
310‧‧‧固體電解質
320‧‧‧陽極
330‧‧‧陰極
341‧‧‧集電器
342‧‧‧集電器
351‧‧‧鋁塑板
352‧‧‧鋁塑板
Claims (13)
- 一種用於製備撓性多孔膜的方法,其包括:藉由靜電紡絲製程在撓性基板的第一表面上沉積第一靜電紡絲層;其中:該靜電紡絲製程包括在多個製程參數下,將纖維從基本同質的溶液靜電紡絲到基板上;該溶液包括分散在溶劑中的聚二氟亞乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride;PVDF)和聚(二氟亞乙烯-六氟丙烯)(poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene);PVdF-HFP)共聚物,以使該溶液具有在300cP至1500cP之間的聚合物黏度;和該多個製程參數包括:在20kV至50kV之間的電壓;在3ml/h至12ml/h之間的饋送率;及在100mm至150mm之間的旋轉高度。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該共聚物中使用的PVDF和PVdF-HFP具有在1:1和5:1之間的重量比。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該溶劑包括二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)和丙酮。
- 根據申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中該溶液中使用的DMF和丙酮具有在1:2和8:2之間的重量比。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該共聚物的重量是共聚物和溶劑的總重量的5%至25%。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該多個製程參數進一步包括:在20%至50%之間的環境濕度。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中基板由聚丙烯(PP)或聚乙烯(PE)組成,或者為三層PP/PE/PP電解分離膜。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其進一步包括:藉由靜電紡絲製程在基板的第二表面上沉積第二靜電紡絲層,該第二表面與該第一表面相對。
- 一種藉由前述申請專利範圍中任一項的方法形成的撓性多孔膜。
- 一種撓性電池,其包括:包括申請專利範圍第9項之撓性多孔膜的固體電解質,其中該撓性多孔膜進一步用液體電解質浸透。
- 根據申請專利範圍第10項之撓性電池,其中該液體電解質為LiPF6、LiClO4、(C2H5)4AN、H2O、H2SO4、NaOH、NaCl或其組合。
- 根據申請專利範圍第10項之撓性電池,其進一步包括:耦合到固體電解質的一個表面的陽極;及耦合到固體電解質的另一個表面的陰極,該另一個表面與該一個表面相對。
- 根據申請專利範圍第12項之撓性電池,其進一步包括:耦合到陽極的第一集電器;及耦合到陰極的第二集電器。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201461998017P | 2014-06-16 | 2014-06-16 | |
US14/721,002 US20150360409A1 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2015-05-26 | Flexible porous film |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201601369A true TW201601369A (zh) | 2016-01-01 |
TWI584517B TWI584517B (zh) | 2017-05-21 |
Family
ID=53284164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW104117614A TWI584517B (zh) | 2014-06-16 | 2015-06-01 | 用於製備撓性多孔膜的方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150360409A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2958169A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105186005A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI584517B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11667782B2 (en) | 2020-09-09 | 2023-06-06 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Polyvinylidene fluoride film composition, and polyvinylidene fluoride isolation film |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10784474B2 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2020-09-22 | Intel Corporation | Cellular flexible battery cells |
CN105826505A (zh) * | 2016-04-16 | 2016-08-03 | 佛山市南海区欣源电子有限公司 | 一种可穿戴柔性电池的隔膜制造工艺 |
US10490843B2 (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2019-11-26 | Nano And Advanced Materials Institute Limited | Flexible battery with 180 degree operational bend radius |
JP6891346B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-06-18 | 株式会社クレハ | 接着性組成物、セパレータ構造体、電極構造体、非水電解質二次電池およびその製造方法 |
CN113966555B (zh) * | 2018-12-03 | 2024-09-17 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | 柔性电极、包括该柔性电极的二次电池、和柔性二次电池 |
CN110265607B (zh) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-09-21 | 河南固锂电技术有限公司 | 网状纤维基锂电池复合隔膜材料以及5号、7号可充电锂电池 |
CN110635157B (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2022-06-14 | 东北大学 | 一种具有三明治结构的阴离子交换膜的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1260480B (it) * | 1992-05-29 | 1996-04-09 | Ausimont Spa | Composizioni a base di polimeri elastomerici di fluoruro di vinilidene, esafluoropropene e eventualmente tetrafluoroetilene atte a fornire manufatti espansi microcellulari |
KR20090102874A (ko) * | 2007-03-15 | 2009-09-30 | 히다치 막셀 가부시키가이샤 | 전기 화학 소자용 세퍼레이터, 전기 화학 소자용 전극 및 전기 화학 소자 |
CN101929035B (zh) * | 2009-06-24 | 2011-11-16 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 经纬双向静电纺丝制膜设备及设备的应用方法 |
KR20130108594A (ko) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-10-04 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 리튬―이온 배터리들을 위한 일체형 분리막의 전기방사 |
CN102587040A (zh) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江大东南集团有限公司 | 一种用于锂离子电池隔膜的纳米纤维膜的制备方法 |
CN102629679B (zh) * | 2012-04-28 | 2018-04-20 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 具有复合结构的纳米纤维锂离子电池隔膜材料及其制备方法 |
US20150207167A1 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-07-23 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Thin battery and production method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-05-26 US US14/721,002 patent/US20150360409A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-06-01 TW TW104117614A patent/TWI584517B/zh active
- 2015-06-05 EP EP15170817.9A patent/EP2958169A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-06-16 CN CN201510335200.7A patent/CN105186005A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11667782B2 (en) | 2020-09-09 | 2023-06-06 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Polyvinylidene fluoride film composition, and polyvinylidene fluoride isolation film |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105186005A (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
TWI584517B (zh) | 2017-05-21 |
US20150360409A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
EP2958169A1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI584517B (zh) | 用於製備撓性多孔膜的方法 | |
Deng et al. | A review on separators for lithiumsulfur battery: progress and prospects | |
CN104752661B (zh) | 用于锂-硫二次电池的隔膜 | |
US20200411829A1 (en) | Battery, and Battery Diaphragm and Manufacturing Method Therefor | |
Zhang et al. | Polydopamine-coated separator for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries | |
KR101676688B1 (ko) | 미세 다공성 복합 분리막, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함한 전기화학소자 | |
KR102038544B1 (ko) | 선택적 이온 흡착성 세퍼레이터, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 전기 화학 전지 | |
An et al. | Multilayered separator based on porous polyethylene layer, Al 2 O 3 layer, and electro-spun PVdF nanofiber layer for lithium batteries | |
KR20230093402A (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
JP5847797B2 (ja) | リチウムバッテリー用のセパレーターとして使用できる、ポリフッ化ビニリデン型のフルオロポリマーから製造されたフィルムの形成方法 | |
CN107431187B (zh) | 具有多孔粘合剂涂层的电极、其制造方法和包括它的电池 | |
KR20150007907A (ko) | 복합 다공성 분리막 및 그 제조방법과 이를 이용한 이차전지 | |
KR102557318B1 (ko) | 맥신이 코팅된 친수성 섬유 멤브레인 기반 복합 발전기 | |
KR20120080026A (ko) | 리튬티타늄산화물-탄소복합체 나노섬유시트의 제조방법, 이로 인해 제조된 리튬티타늄산화물-탄소복합체 나노섬유시트, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 및 하이브리드 슈퍼캐패시터 | |
KR20230174624A (ko) | 고체 전해질막 및 이를 포함하는 전고체 전지 및 제조 방법 | |
Zhang et al. | Fluorinated polymer coated cyanoethyl-chitin nanofiber composite separators for high performance lithium ion batteries | |
KR102053098B1 (ko) | 낮은 저항의 분리막 접착층 및 이의 제조방법 | |
JP2023525824A (ja) | 二次電池用セパレータの製造方法、それによって製造されるセパレータ、及びそれを備える二次電池 | |
KR20150051743A (ko) | 부직포 기재를 포함하는 복합 세퍼레이터 및 그의 제조방법 | |
KR102130967B1 (ko) | 리튬 황 전지용 분리막 및 이의 제조방법 | |
JP7107809B2 (ja) | 二次電池用正極 | |
CN104362278A (zh) | 一种复合锂离子电池隔膜及其制备方法 | |
Zhang et al. | Redox-active NiS@ bacterial cellulose nanofiber composite separators with superior rate capability for lithium-ion batteries | |
KR20140130647A (ko) | 셧다운 기능을 갖는 복합 다공성 분리막 및 그 제조방법과 이를 이용한 이차전지 | |
JP2020180393A (ja) | 不織布、不織布の製造方法、固体電解質膜、固体電解質膜の製造方法、全固体電池および全固体電池の製造方法 |