TW201600314A - 接合方法 - Google Patents
接合方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201600314A TW201600314A TW104109371A TW104109371A TW201600314A TW 201600314 A TW201600314 A TW 201600314A TW 104109371 A TW104109371 A TW 104109371A TW 104109371 A TW104109371 A TW 104109371A TW 201600314 A TW201600314 A TW 201600314A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- fiber
- forming portion
- joint forming
- melted
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 227
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 227
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#N CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- WXANAQMHYPHTGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium;ethyne Chemical compound [Ce].[C-]#[C] WXANAQMHYPHTGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
- B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
- B29C66/324—Avoiding burr formation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/341—Measures for intermixing the material of the joint interlayer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
- B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
一種用來將一第一構件及一第二構件接合在一起的接合方法，在該第一構件中纖維材料被混入到一第一樹脂內，該第二構件包括至少一第二樹脂，該方法包括將該第一構件和該第二構件緊靠在一起、將和該第一構件與該第二構件的緊靠的表面相鄰的該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂軟化或熔化、將一由該第一構件的該被軟化的或被熔化的第一樹脂和該第二構件的該被軟化的或被熔化的第二樹脂以及包含在該第一構件的該被軟化或被熔化的第一樹脂內的纖維材料所形成的接合點形成部分攪動於一相對於該等緊靠的表面傾斜的方向、及將該接合點形成部分硬化。
Description
本發明係有關於一種接合方法，更具體地，係關於一種用來將纖維強化的樹脂構件接合在一起的接合方法，在該纖維強化的樹脂構件中，強化纖維材料被混入到一基體樹脂(matrix resin)中。
在用來將纖維強化的樹脂構件接合的方法中，使用例如振動、超音波、樹脂構件之間的摩擦、及熱板的方法是已知的，在纖維強化的樹脂構件中，強化纖維材料(譬如，玻璃纖維或碳纖維)被包括在一樹脂(基體樹脂)或一用熱塑性樹脂製成的樹脂構件中。
然而，在所有這些方法中，接合表面係以一預定的壓力被壓在一起，同時靠近接合表面的區域則被熔化，所以毛邊(burr)會被產生在接合點部分，而這是一個問題。而且，該纖維強化的樹脂材料在抵抗平行於纖維的定向方向的方向上的應力時很強，但在抵抗垂直於纖維的定向方向的方向上的應力時則很弱。因此，雖然在把這
些類型的纖維強化的樹脂構件接合在一起時將纖維定向於垂直該接合表面的方向上是所想要的(如果當它們如上文所述地被接合在一起時係如該等構件是在垂直於該接合表面的方向上被壓緊的話)，但靠近該接合表面的纖維將被定向成使得它們變成平行於該接合表面，而這將會是一個問題。
為了要對抗此類問題，日本專利公開案第2003-145625號(JP 2003-145625 A)描述一種用於纖維強化的樹脂構件的接合方法，其能夠在抑制毛邊的產生的同時獲得高接合強度。
在描述於JP 2003-145625 A中之用於纖維強化的熱撓性樹脂構件的接合方法中，一第一熱塑性樹脂構件及一第二熱塑性樹脂構件的至少一者是用纖維強化的樹脂製成且首先包含將該第一熱塑性樹脂構件和該第二熱塑性樹脂構件緊靠在一起、然後將一轉動的探針壓抵住該第一熱塑性樹脂構件和該第二熱塑性樹脂構件的一表面部分，其包括一介於該第一熱塑性樹脂構件和該第二熱塑性樹脂構件之間的表面邊界線的一預定的部分、及沿著該邊界線移動該探針。
依據描述於JP 2003-145625 A中之用於纖維強化的熱撓性樹脂構件的接合方法，已在該探針的前方部分被熔化之在該等熱塑性樹脂構件內的纖維會被該探針的轉動捕捉住，使得它們的定向方向被改變。然後，在該探針的後方部分的該等纖維被定向於實質垂直於該緊靠部分
的緊靠的表面的方向上的同時，該等纖維被硬化，藉以讓該等構件的接合強度被提高。
然而，在JP 2003-145625 A的用於纖維強化的熱撓性樹脂構件的接合方法中，該轉動的探針係被壓抵該第一熱塑性樹脂構件和該第二熱塑性樹脂構件的表面部分，且沿著它們的表面邊界線移動。因此，在該第一熱塑性樹脂構件和該第二熱塑性樹脂構件內部的纖維的定向方向無法被改變，所以該等構件的接合強度無法被充分地提高的問題仍然存在。
本發明提供一種能夠在把樹脂構件接合在一起時有效地提高樹脂構件之間的接合強度的接合方法，其中該等樹脂構件的至少一者是用纖維強化的樹脂製成的，在該纖維強化的樹脂中，強化纖維材料被混入到該樹脂中。
本發明的一個態樣係關於一種將一第一構件及一第二構件接合在一起的接合方法，在該第一構件中纖維材料被混入到一第一樹脂內，該第二構件包括至少一第二樹脂。此接合方法包括將該第一構件和該第二構件緊靠在一起、將和該第一構件與該第二構件的緊靠的表面相鄰的該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂軟化或熔化、將一由該第一構件的該被軟化的或被熔化的第一樹脂和該第二構件的該被軟化的或被熔化的第二樹脂以
及包含在該第一構件的該被軟化或被熔化的第一樹脂內的纖維材料所形成的接合點形成部分攪動於一相對於該等緊靠的表面傾斜的方向、及將該接合點形成部分硬化。
在此處，在描述於上文中的態樣中，當攪動及硬化該接合點形成部分時，該接合點形成部分可被攪動於和緊靠的表面垂直的方向上。
依據此態樣，由在一和該第一構件及該第二構件的緊靠的表面鄰接的區域內被軟化或被熔化的該第一構件的該第一樹脂和該第二構件的該第二樹脂以及包括在該第一構件的該軟化或被熔化的第一樹脂所形成的該接合點形成部分被攪動於一相對於該等緊靠的表面傾斜的方向上，更具體地，被攪動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上、且該接合點形成部分被硬化。因此，被包括在該接合形成部分內的該第一構件的纖維材料能夠被定向於一相對於該第一構件和第二構件的緊靠的表面傾斜的方向上，更明確地，被定向於一和該等緊靠的表面正交的方向上且被硬化。因此，該第一構件和該第二構件之間的接合強度能夠被大幅地提高。
在此處，形成該第一構件及該第二構件的該第一樹脂及該第二樹脂可以是熱固性樹脂或是熱塑性樹脂。熱固性樹脂的一些例子是環氧樹脂、酚醛樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂。熱塑性樹脂的一個例子是一種、兩種或更多種摻合物，譬如聚丙烯(PP)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、甲基
丙烯酸樹脂、聚醯胺(PA)、聚脂、聚縮醛(POM)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、乙烯對苯二甲酸酯(PET)、聚對苯二甲酸丁酯(PBT)、聚甲基丙烯酸申酯(PMMA)、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚苯醚、聚苯硫醚、聚二醚酮、液晶聚合物、聚醚醯亞胺、聚醚碸、聚醯胺醯亞胺、熱塑性環氧樹脂及類此者。而且，一混合樹脂、接種樹脂(graft resin)、或以熱塑性環氧樹脂為主要成分的共聚物，如乙烯-乙酸氯乙烯酯共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-氯乙烯共聚物、烏拉坦-氯乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸改質的聚丙烯、或馬來酸改質的聚丙烯亦可被導入。
而且，形成該第一樹脂構件的纖維材料的例子是一種或兩種或更多種陶瓷纖維的摻合物，譬如硼、氧化鋁、矽碳化物、矽氮化物、或二氧化鋯、無機纖維(譬如，玻璃纖維或碳纖維)、金屬纖維(譬如，銅、鋼、鋁、或不鏽鋼)、及有機纖維(譬如，聚亞醯胺、聚乙烯、或纖維素)。
而且，在描述於上文的態樣中，當把該接合點形成部分攪動於垂直於該等緊靠的表面的方向上時，一攪拌件可被插入到該接合點形成部分中，該被插入的攪拌件可被移動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上，且該接合點形成部分可被攪動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上。
依據此態樣，包括在該接合點形成部分內的該第一構件的纖維可藉由將已被插入到該接合點形成部分中的該攪拌件移動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上並將
該接合點部分攪動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上而被輕易地且可靠地定向於和該第一構件與該第二構件的該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上。
而且，在上文所描述的態樣中，當把該攪拌件插入到該接合點形成部分中時，該攪拌件可和該第一構件之面向該等緊靠的表面的朝向表面(facing surface)或該第二構件之面向該等緊靠的表面的朝向表面接觸，該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂可從該第一構件的該朝向表面或該第二構件的該朝向表面被該攪拌件軟化或熔化，且該攪拌件可被插入到該接合點形成部分中。
依據此態樣，該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂係從該第一構件的該朝向表面或該第二構件的該朝向表面被已被放置成和該第一構件之面向該等緊靠的表面的朝向表面或該第二構件之面向該等緊靠的表面的朝向表面接觸的該攪拌件軟化或熔化，且該攪拌件可被插入到該接合點形成部分中。因此，該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂可使用攪動該接合點形成部分的該攪拌件來予以軟化或熔化，且該攪拌件可相對容易地被插入到該接合點形成部分中。
而且，當軟化或熔化該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂時，該攪拌件可繞著一平行於該垂直於該等緊靠的表面的方向的轉動軸線被轉動。而且，在將該攪拌件從該第一構件的該朝向表面或從該第二
構件的該朝向表面移動至該第一構件及該第二構件內的同時，該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂可被軟化或被熔化且該攪拌件可被插入到該接合點形成部分中。
依據此態樣，在將該攪拌件從該第一構件的該朝向表面或從該第二構件的該朝向表面移動至該第一構件及該第二構件內的同時，該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂被軟化或被熔化且繞著一平行於該垂直於該等緊靠的表面的方向的轉動軸線被轉動的該攪拌件被插入該接合點形成部分中。因此，因為該攪拌件和該第一構件或該第二構件之間的摩擦而在該攪拌件的尖端部分產生熱的關係，該接合點形成部分的尺寸在靠近該攪拌件的尖端部分可被作得相對大，所以當該接合點形成部分硬化時，介於該第一構件和該第二構件之間的接合強度可因為該錨定作用而被進一步提高。
從上面的描述可被瞭解的是，依據本發明的前述態樣，在將樹脂構件接合在一起時，至少一個樹脂構件是用纖維強化的樹脂製成，在該纖維強化的樹脂中纖維被混入到該樹脂中，包括在一接合點形成部分(它是由在一和該第一構件及該第二構件的該等緊靠的表面鄰接的區域內被軟化或熔化的該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂所形成)中的該第一構件的該等纖維及包括在該第一構件的該第一樹脂內的該纖維材料可藉由將該接合點形成部分攪動於一相對於該等緊靠的表面傾斜的方
向上(更具體地，垂直於該等緊靠的表面的方向上)而被定向於一所想要的方向上，並將該接合點形成部分硬化。
50‧‧‧FSW設備
51‧‧‧轉動的上下抖動部分
54‧‧‧夾鉗件
55‧‧‧底撐件
53‧‧‧彈簧
11‧‧‧銷件
12‧‧‧肩部
Xr‧‧‧轉動軸線
11a‧‧‧緊靠的表面
12a‧‧‧緊靠的表面
54a‧‧‧緊靠的表面
1‧‧‧纖維強化的樹脂構件
2‧‧‧樹脂構件
2a‧‧‧上表面(朝向表面)
3‧‧‧接合點形成部分
4‧‧‧接合點部分
本發明的示範性實施例的特徵、好處、及技術與工業上的重要性將參考附圖於下文中描述，圖中相同的標號標示相同的構件，其中圖1A是一縱剖面圖，其例示本發明的接合方法的一示範性實施例，並例示此方法中的一配置處理；圖1B是一縱剖面圖，其例示本發明的接合方法的一示範性實施例，並例示此方法中的一推入處理；圖1C是一縱剖面圖，其例示本發明的接合方法的一示範性實施例，並例示此方法中的一拉出處理；圖1D是一縱剖面圖，其例示本發明的接合方法的一示範性實施例，並例示此方法中的一移除處理；圖2是一縱剖面圖，其顯示示於圖1B中的第一構件和第二構件的內部結構的骨架格式；及圖3是一縱剖面圖，其顯示示於圖1C中的第一構件和第二構件的內部結構的骨架格式。
在下文中，本發明的接合方法的示範性實施例將參考附圖來描述。
圖1是例示本發明的接合方法的一示範性實
施例的縱剖面圖，其中圖1A是一配置處理的圖式、圖1B是一推入處理的圖式、圖1C是一拉出處理的圖式、及圖1D是一移除處理的圖式。
依據本發明的此示範性實施例的接合方法係使用一雙動作式摩擦攪動焊接設備作為摩擦攪動焊接設備的代表性例子來實施。因此，首先，和本發明的此示範性實施例的接合方法一起使用的雙動作式摩擦攪動焊接設備(FSW)將參考圖1A來描述。
如圖1A所示，使用於依據本發明的此示範性實施例的接合方法中的該FSW設備50主要包括一轉動的上下抖動部分(一攪拌件)51、一夾鉗件54、及一底撐件55，以及一支撐這些構件的支撐件(圖1A中未示出)，及一驅動該轉動的上下抖動部分(jig portion)51的驅動機構(圖1A中亦未示出)，及類此者。該夾鉗件54透過彈簧53被固定至該未被示出的支撐件。
該轉動的上下抖動部分(一攪拌件)51包括一銷件11及一肩部12。該銷件11具有一大致圓柱形的形狀，且被建構成被該驅動機構(未示出)繞著一軸線(轉動軸線)Xr轉動，且能夠相對該肩部12移動於虛線箭頭P1所示的方向上，即軸線Xr的方向(圖1A中的垂直方向)上。該肩部12具有一大致圓柱形的形狀(其具
有一空隙)。該銷件11被插入該空隙內。該肩部12被該未示出的支撐件支撐在該銷件11的外面，用以圍繞該銷件11。該肩部12被建構成和該銷件11一樣被該未示出的驅動件繞著軸線Xr轉動，且能夠相對於該銷件11移動於虛線箭頭P2的方向上，即，軸線Xr的方向上(即，和銷件11相同的方向上或和銷件11相反的方向上)。因此，形成該轉動的上下抖動部分51的該銷件11及該肩部12被建構成如一個單一單元般地一起繞著該軸線Xr轉動，以及可相對於彼此移動於該軸線Xr的方向上(即，在相同的方向上或相反的方向上)。
該夾鉗件54被設置在該轉動的上下抖動部分51的該肩部12的外面且和該肩部12類似地具有一大致圓柱形的形狀，其具有一空隙。該肩部12被插入到該空隙內。因此，該大致圓柱形形狀的肩部12被設置在該銷件11的外周邊上，且該大致圓柱形形狀的夾鉗件54被設置在該肩部12的外周邊上。換言之，該夾鉗件54、該肩部12、及該銷件11形成一同軸地套合的結構。此夾鉗件54透過彈簧53被該未示出的支撐件支撐，用以從一個表面(即，圖1A中的樹脂構件2的上表面)被推壓於處理材料(纖維強化的樹脂構件1及樹脂構件2)上。因此，該夾鉗件54被建構成在一被迫擠至該形成材料側的狀態中可移動於虛線箭頭P3的方向上，即該軸線Xr的方向上。
形成該轉動的上下抖動部分51的該銷件11
及該肩部12分別包括一緊靠的表面11a及一緊靠的表面12a，且該夾鉗件54包括一緊靠的表面54a。這些緊靠的表面11a，12a及54a被該未示出的驅動機構移動於該Xr軸相的方向上並緊靠著該處理材料的一表面。
而且，該底撐件55被設置在一面向該夾鉗件54及該轉動的上下抖動部分51的位置上，且緊靠著該處理材料的另一表面(即，圖1A中的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的下表面)。
在此示範性實施例中的該轉動的上下抖動部分51的特殊結構並不侷限於上文所描述的結構。在FSW的領域中的一習知的結構可被適當地使用。而且，該底撐件55亦可從該FSW設備50中被省略掉。而且，該摩擦攪動焊接設備並不侷限於具有上述結構之FSW設備50，且亦可以是只包括該銷件11的單一動作式摩擦攪動焊接設備。此外，此摩擦攪動焊接設備可讓該夾鉗件54在該銷件11的外面，或可具有未在上文所描述的FSW設備50中提到的其它構件及類此者。
接下來，一種使用依據此示範性實施例的該FSW設備50的接合方法將參考圖1來描述。在下文中，一種主要用來將由纖維強化的樹脂(即，纖纖維材料被混入到一樹脂(基體樹脂)中的樹脂)製成的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1接合至只由不包含纖維材料的樹脂製成的樹脂
構件2的方法將被描述，將被接合在一起的這兩個構件當然可以都包括強化纖維材料。此外，在下文中，一種包含將該樹脂構件2放置在該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的上方、讓該FSW設備50的該轉動的上下抖動部分51接觸該樹脂構件2的上表面、及將該轉動的上下抖動部分51從該樹脂構件2側插入等處理的方法將被描述，但該FSW設備50的該轉動的上下抖動部分51當然亦可從該纖維強化的樹脂構件1側插入。再者，一用來將兩個樹脂構件(即，該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2)接合在一起的模具將被描述，但三個或更多個樹脂構件單然亦可被疊置且被接合在一起，只要其中的至少一個構件是用纖維強化的樹脂製造的纖維強化的樹脂構件即可。
依據此示範性實施例的接合方法如圖1所示地主要包括一設置處理、一推入處理、一拉出處理、及一移除處理。
首先，在如圖1A所示的該設置處理中，該大致平板狀的樹脂構件(第二構件)2被置於(被緊靠地設置在)該大致平板狀的纖維強化的樹脂構件(第一構件)1上，且該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2被置於該FSW設備50內，使得該樹脂構件2的上表面(朝向表面)2a分別緊靠該銷件11、該肩部12、及該夾鉗件54的緊靠的表面11a，12a及54a。在此處，該底撐件55是被未示出的支撐件所支撐，且該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2被夾在該夾鉗件54和該底撐件55之間。
在此處處，形成該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂(基體樹脂)可以是熱固性樹脂或熱塑性樹脂。熱固性樹脂的一些例子是環氧樹脂、酚醛樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂。熱塑性樹脂的一個例子是一種、兩種或更多種摻合物，譬如聚丙烯(PP)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、甲基丙烯酸樹脂、聚醯胺(PA)、聚脂、聚縮醛(POM)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、乙烯對苯二甲酸酯(PET)、聚對苯二甲酸丁酯(PBT)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚苯醚、聚苯硫醚、聚二醚酮、液晶聚合物、聚醚醯亞胺、聚醚碸、聚醯胺醯亞胺、熱塑性環氧樹脂及類此者。而且，一混合樹脂、接種樹脂(graft resin)、或以熱塑性環氧樹脂為主要成分的共聚物，如乙烯-乙酸氯乙烯酯共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-氯乙烯共聚物、烏拉坦-氯乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸改質的聚丙烯、或馬來酸改質的聚丙烯亦可被導入。
而且，形成該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的纖維材料的例子是一種或更多種陶瓷纖維的摻合物，譬如硼、氧化鋁、矽碳化物、矽氮化物、或二氧化鋯、無機纖維(譬如，玻璃纖維或碳纖維)、金屬纖維(譬如，銅、鋼、鋁、或不鏽鋼)、及有機纖維(譬如，聚亞醯胺、聚乙烯、或纖維素)。
而且，和上文所述之用來形成該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂相同的樹脂可被用作為形成該樹脂構件
2的樹脂，但從對該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的黏著性的觀點來看，使用一特性(譬如，線性膨脹係數及楊氏模數)和形成該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂的特性相當的樹脂是較佳的。
接下來，在圖1B所示的推入處理中，在該肩部12在該軸線Xr的方向上被向下移動一預定的量(如，被向下移動靠近該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2的該等緊靠的表面)的同時，該銷件11在該軸線Xr的方向上被向上移動，同時該銷件11和該肩部12如一個單元般地一起繞著該軸線Xr轉動。和該纖維強化的樹脂構件1及該樹脂構件2的緊靠的表面(即，該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的上表面1a及該樹脂構件2的下表面2b)鄰接的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂和該樹脂構件2的樹脂被產生在該樹脂構件2的該表面及類此者和該銷件11及該肩部12的緊靠的表面11a及12a之間的摩擦熱從該樹脂構件2的該上表面(該朝向表面)2a側軟化或熔化。
以此方式，在該肩部12被向下移動於該軸線Xr的方向上的同時，該銷件11被向上移動於該軸線Xr的方向上，同時該轉動的上下抖動部分51的該銷件11和該肩部12如一個單元般地一起繞著該軸線Xr轉動。因此，一接合點形成部分3(即，一可變成將該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2接合在一起的接合點部分的部分)被形成，它是由該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2的該被軟化的或被熔化的樹脂以及該纖維強化的樹脂
構件1的該被軟化的或被熔化的樹脂內的纖維材料所形成，且此接合形部分3被攪動於一上下方向上(即，一和該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2的該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上)。因此，如圖2所示，包括在該接合點形成部分3內的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂和該樹脂構件2的樹脂及類此者在該接合點形成部分3內係流動於箭頭X的方向上，所以包括於該接合點形成部分3內的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1中的纖維被定向於該上下方向上。
而且，在該肩部12繞著該軸線Xr被轉動的同時，其被向下移動於該軸線Xr的方向上，且被插入到該接合點形成部分3內。因此，該肩部12的尖端部分(下端部分)被介於該肩部12和該樹脂構件2及類此者之間的摩擦加熱得比其它部分更多。因此，該接合點形成部分3的尺寸(如，該接合點形成部分3的截面積)因為被產生在該肩部12的尖端部分的熱的關係而變得比接近該肩部12的該尖端部分(即，該接合點形成部分3的下端部分)的部分大，如在圖中所示。
為了要進一步增加該接合點形成部分3的該下部的尺寸，當該肩部12被移動於該軸線Xr的方向上時，該肩部12可被保持在此下端位置一段預定的時間。
接下來，在圖1C所示的拉出處理中，該銷件11和該肩部12的轉動被停止，且在該肩部12在該軸線Xr的方向上被向上移動一預定的距離的同時，該銷件11被向下移動於該軸線Xr的方向上，使得該銷件11的該緊
靠的表面11a和該肩部12的該緊靠的表面12a大致相同。亦即，該銷件11和該肩部12被移動回到圖1A中所示的它們的原始位置。
以此方式，藉由在該肩部12被向上移動於該軸線Xr的方向上的同時將該銷件11向下移動於該軸線Xr的方向上，該接合點形成部分3被進一步攪動於該上下方向上。如圖3所示，包括在該接合點形成部分3內的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂和該樹脂構件2的樹脂及類此者在該接合點形成部分3內係流動於箭頭Y的方向上，所以包括於該接合點形成部分3內的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1中的纖維被更均勻地定向於該垂直的方向上。
然後，在圖1D所示的移除處理中，在包括在該接合點形成部分3內的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂和該樹脂構件2的樹脂被硬化之後，該FSW設備50從該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2被移出。因此，該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2透過該藉由將該接合點形成部分3硬化而形成的接合點部分4(即，形成該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂和形成該樹脂構件2的樹脂相混合的部分)而被一體地結合。
以此方式，依據此示範性實施例的接合方法，當接合該纖維強化的樹脂構件1(其由纖維強化的樹脂製成，在該纖維強化的樹脂中，纖維以一預定的地向被散佈且被混入到樹脂中)和該只用樹脂製成的樹脂構件2時，該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2被設置成緊
靠在一起，和該纖維強化的樹脂構件1及該樹脂構件2的該等緊靠的表面相鄰接的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂及該樹脂構件2的樹脂被軟化或熔化，且由該纖維強化的樹脂構件1及類此者的被軟化的或被熔化的樹脂構件2的該接合點形成部分3被攪動於一和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上且被硬化。因此，在該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2之間的接合強度，更具體地，在一平行於該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2(之間的邊界)的該等緊靠的表面的切變方向上的強度及在一和該纖維強化的樹脂構件1及該樹脂構件2的該等緊靠的表面垂直的拉伸方向上的強度能夠被有效地提高。
而且，依據此示範性實施例的接合方法，當該纖維強化的樹脂構件1及該樹脂構件2被該FSW設備50的該夾鉗件54推動時，該轉動的上下抖動部分51係在該夾鉗件54內滑移於該上下方向上，且該接合點形成部分3及該接合點部分4能夠被形成在該轉動的上下抖動部分51底下的該封閉的空間內。因此，能夠可靠地抑制在該接合點部分4上產生毛邊(例如參見圖3)。
此外，依據此示範性實施例的接合方法，該接合點形成部分3的尺寸(即，將該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2接合在一起的該接合點部分4的下部)能夠相對地大。此錨定作用因而能夠讓該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2之間的接合強度被進一步提高。
在上文所述的示範性實施例中，首先，在該
肩部12被向下移動於該軸線Xr的方向上的同時，該銷件11被向上移動於該軸線Xr的方向上，然後，在該肩部12被向上移動於該軸線Xr的方向上的同時，該銷件11被向下移動於該軸線Xr的方向上。然而，只要該接合點形成部分3能夠被攪動於該垂直的方向上(即，和該纖維強化的樹脂構件1及該樹脂構件2的該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上)及包括在該接合點形成部分3內的該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2及類此者的樹脂能夠流動於該接合點形成部分3內，該轉動的上下抖動部分51的該銷件11及該肩部12的移動方式可被適當地改變。
而且，在描述於上文中的示範性實施例中，該摩擦攪動焊接設備被用來將該纖維強化的樹脂構件1和該樹脂構件2接合在一起。然而，任何設備都可被使用，只要它能夠軟化或熔化該纖維強化的樹脂構件1及該樹脂構件2的樹脂、並將該接合點形成部分3(其係由纖維強化的樹脂構件1及類此者的該被軟化或被熔化的樹脂所形成)攪拌於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上即可。例如，該纖維強化的樹脂構件1的樹脂及該樹脂構件2的樹脂可用超音波或一被預熱的熱板或類此者所產生的熱，而不是摩擦熱，來予以軟化或熔化。而且，該接合點形成部分3可被一用適當的方法插入到該接合點形成部分3內的攪拌設備攪動，而不是被該轉動的上下抖動部分51攪動。
此外，在描述於上文中的示範性實施例中，由纖維強化的樹脂構件1及類此者的該被軟化或被熔化的
樹脂所形成該接合點形成部分3被攪動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上，但只要該接合點形成部分3至少是被攪動於相對於該等緊靠的表面傾斜的方向上，即可獲得一類似於上文所述的該示範性實施例的效果。
而且，在描述於上文中的示範性實施例中，一種用來將該大致平板狀的纖維強化的樹脂構件1接合至該大致平板狀的樹脂構件2的方法被描述，但該等將被接合在一起的構件的形狀當然可以被適當地設定。
雖然本發明的示範性實施例已參考圖式被詳細地描述，但特定的結構並不侷限於此示範性實施例。在發明的範圍內的設計改變及類此者亦被包括在本發明內。
1‧‧‧纖維強化的樹脂構件
1a‧‧‧上表面
2‧‧‧樹脂構件
2a‧‧‧上表面(朝向表面)
2b‧‧‧下表面
3‧‧‧接合點形成部分
4‧‧‧接合點部分
11‧‧‧銷件
11a‧‧‧緊靠的表面
12‧‧‧肩部
12a‧‧‧緊靠的表面
50‧‧‧FSW設備
51‧‧‧轉動的上下抖動部分
53‧‧‧彈簧
54‧‧‧夾鉗件
54a‧‧‧表面
55‧‧‧底撐件
Xr‧‧‧軸線
Claims (7)
- 一種用來將一第一構件和一第二構件接合在一起的接合方法，在該第一構件中纖維材料被混入到一第一樹脂內，該第二構件包括至少一第二樹脂，該方法包含：將該第一構件和該第二構件緊靠在一起、且將和該第一構件與該第二構件的緊靠的表面相鄰的該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂軟化或熔化；及將一由該第一構件的該被軟化的或被熔化的第一樹脂和該第二構件的該被軟化的或被熔化的第二樹脂以及包含在該第一構件的該被軟化或被熔化的第一樹脂內的纖維材料所形成的接合點形成部分攪動於一相對於該等緊靠的表面傾斜的方向、及將該接合點形成部分硬化。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之接合方法，其中當攪動及硬化該接合點形成部分時，該接合點形成部分係被攪動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之接合方法，其中當將該接合點形成部分攪動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上時，一攪拌件被插入到該接合點形成部分中，該被插入的攪拌件係被移動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上，且該接合點形成部分係被攪動於和該等緊靠的表面垂直的方向上。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之接合方法，其中當將該攪拌件插入到該接合點形成部分中時，該攪拌件接觸該第一構件的一面向該等緊靠的表面的朝向表面 (facing surface)或者和該第二構件的一面向該等緊靠的表面的朝向表面，該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂被該攪拌件從該第一構件的該朝向表面或該第二構件的該朝向表面軟化或熔化，而該攪拌件係插入於該接合點形成部分中。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之接合方法，其中當軟化或熔化該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂時，該攪拌件被繞著一轉動軸線被轉動，該轉動軸線平行於該和垂直於該等緊靠的表面的方向。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之接合方法，其中當軟化或熔化該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂時，在將該攪拌件從該第一構件的該朝向表面或該第二構件的該朝向表面移動到該第一構件及該第二構件內的同時，該第一構件的該第一樹脂及該第二構件的該第二樹脂被軟化或熔化且該攪拌件被插入到該接合點形成部分。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之接合方法，其中該第二構件亦包括纖維材料。
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| CN110181818A (zh) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 接合装置 |
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| EP3235585B1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2021-01-20 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method |
| EP3059028A1 (de) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gussteil mit einem metallischen Funktionsbereich |
| JP6650801B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-17 | 2020-02-19 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 摩擦攪拌点接合方法及び摩擦攪拌点接合装置 |
| KR102529491B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-22 | 2023-05-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 이종재질 접합용 마찰리벳 |
| JP6887922B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-08 | 2021-06-16 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 複動式摩擦攪拌点接合方法、押圧ツールセット、及び、複動式摩擦撹拌点接合装置 |
| JP7216551B2 (ja) | 2019-01-07 | 2023-02-01 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 摩擦攪拌点接合装置及び摩擦攪拌点接合方法 |
| EP4186632A4 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2024-01-24 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | FRICTION STIR SPOT WELDING METHOD AND WELDED ARTICLE USING SAME |
| WO2022054905A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 摩擦攪拌点接合方法及びこれを用いた接合体 |
| AT525908B1 (de) | 2022-10-24 | 2023-09-15 | Royos Joining Solutions Gmbh | Rührschweißvorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Schweißverbindung |
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| CN110181818A (zh) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 接合装置 |
| CN110181818B (zh) * | 2018-02-23 | 2021-04-27 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 接合装置 |
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| TWI650228B (zh) | 2019-02-11 |
| JP2015186869A (ja) | 2015-10-29 |
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| EP3122536B1 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
| EP3122536A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
| JP6020501B2 (ja) | 2016-11-02 |
| WO2015145251A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
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