TW201538332A - 用於增強聚烯烴薄膜之無光澤外觀的丙烯酸系珠粒 - Google Patents
用於增強聚烯烴薄膜之無光澤外觀的丙烯酸系珠粒 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201538332A TW201538332A TW104104090A TW104104090A TW201538332A TW 201538332 A TW201538332 A TW 201538332A TW 104104090 A TW104104090 A TW 104104090A TW 104104090 A TW104104090 A TW 104104090A TW 201538332 A TW201538332 A TW 201538332A
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 16
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- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAGRIKSHWXFXHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCC(O)OC(=O)C=C WAGRIKSHWXFXHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCZZNWQQCGSWSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-2-enoxy-4-[2-(4-prop-2-enoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC=C)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCC=C)C=C1 SCZZNWQQCGSWSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRLSBGQYFWCVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C=C)(=O)OCO.C(C=C)(=O)OC(COC(C=C)=O)C Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OCO.C(C=C)(=O)OC(COC(C=C)=O)C MRLSBGQYFWCVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001692 EU approved anti-caking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JQRRFDWXQOQICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenylen-1-ylboronic acid Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2B(O)O JQRRFDWXQOQICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZDHCZVWCTKTBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N omega-Hydroxydodecanoic acid Natural products OCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDHCZVWCTKTBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/14—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C39/20—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C39/203—Making multilayered articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
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- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2264/0228—Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
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- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2264/025—Acrylic resin particles, e.g. polymethyl methacrylate or ethylene-acrylate copolymers
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Abstract
本發明係揭示一含以下組份的薄膜:a)至少一含一熱塑性聚合物基質的底層;及b)一含一熱塑性聚合物基質及自5至80重量%之具有自0.5至15微米的平均粒徑、自1.46至1.7的折射率、及至少60莫耳%丙烯酸系單體單元之聚合物顆粒的皮層;其中該薄膜係以2至8之因數經單軸性或雙軸性拉伸;且其中在拉伸後,該皮層具有一介於該等聚合物顆粒的直徑之50與200%間的厚度;及製造該薄膜的方法。
Description
本申請案係主張2014年2月11日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/938,529號的權利,該申請案之全文在此併入本案以為參考資料。
本發明係有關於特別可用於包裝應用的無光澤聚烯烴薄膜。更特定地,本發明係有關於含一底層及一皮層的無光澤聚烯烴薄膜。
無光澤聚烯烴薄膜係用於雜誌封面及食品包裝。由於經相分離的結構域,現有商業技術係使用含聚乙烯及聚丙烯之摻合物的薄膜以得到光散射;或使用含無機填料顆粒的薄膜。然而,難以在不會導致透明度的損失之情況下製造具有良好霧度值的無光澤聚烯烴薄膜。因此,具有增加的霧度且不會損失透明度之無光澤聚烯烴薄膜為所欲。
在本發明之一概括性實施例中,係揭示一含以下,由以下所組成,或本質上由以下所組成的薄膜:a)至少一含一熱塑性聚合物基質的底層;及b)一含一熱塑性聚合物基質及自5至80重量%之具有自0.5至15微米的平均粒徑、自1.46至1.7的折射率、及至少60莫耳%丙烯酸系單體單元之聚合物顆粒的皮層;其中該薄膜係以2至8之因數經單軸性或雙軸性拉伸;且其中在拉伸後,該皮層具有一介於該等聚合物顆粒的直徑之50與200%間的厚度。
在本發明之另一概括性實施例中,係揭示一種製造一薄膜的方法,其包含以下,由以下所組成,或本質上由以下所組成:a)製造一濃縮物,其含i)一熱塑性聚合物基質材料;及ii)聚合物顆粒,其具有自0.5至15微米的平均粒徑、自1.46至1.7的折射率、及至少60莫耳%丙烯酸系單體單元;b)形成一多層鑄製或吹製薄膜,其中該薄膜包含至少兩層,且其中該外層包含步驟a)之濃縮物;及c)於一高於該熱塑性聚合物基質材料的結晶反應溫度下,單軸性或雙軸性拉伸該薄膜。
該薄膜包含一底層。在各實施例中,該底層為一熱塑性聚合物基質材料。在各實施例中,該熱塑性聚合物
基質材料包含聚烯烴。聚烯烴包括烯烴之聚合物或共聚物,在各實施例中,彼等具有自2至10個碳原子,在各其它實施例中,具有2至8個碳原子,且在各其它實施例中,具有2至4個碳原子。適用於該底層內之聚烯烴實例包括,但不限於:聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚丁烯、及其等之共聚物與摻合物。在各實施例中,用於本發明之該聚烯烴的重量平均分子量為自20,000至500,000,而在各其它實施例中,係自50,000至300,000。
亦可使用聚烯烴均聚物及共聚物。實例包括,但不限於以下:含有自0至40重量%(wt%)乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、辛烯及/或己烯的聚丙烯與聚乙烯均聚物及共聚物。
商業等級包括,但不限於:得自The Dow Chemical Company之VERSIFYTM塑體、Dowlex、Engage、Affinity、及LDPE樹脂。
可擇地,該底層可包含含有聚烯烴與其它(共)聚物的可相容或不可相容摻合物,或可含有無機填料、或添加物,諸如助滑佐劑、抗結塊劑、及抗氧化劑。
拉伸後,該底層通常可具有一在自10至250微米(μm)範圍內的厚度。在其它實施例中,該底層可具有一在15至150微米範圍內的厚度且在又其它實施例中,具有一在自15至100微米範圍內的厚度。
在各實施例中,該皮層包含已分散在一基礎聚合物內之聚合物顆粒,該皮層之該基礎聚合物的合適組成物之範圍與上述該底層的合適組成物之範圍相同。
聚合物顆粒包含有機聚合物,較佳為加成聚合物,且較佳為實質上呈球形。平均粒徑係以算術平均粒徑測定。在各實施例中,該等聚合物顆粒具有一不小於0.5微米的平均粒徑。文中包括並揭示0.5微米或更高的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該等聚合物顆粒可具有一至少0.7、至少0.9、至少1、至少1.5、至少2、至少2.5、至少3、或至少3.5微米的平均粒徑。在各實施例中,這些顆粒具有一不大於15微米的平均粒徑。文中包括並揭示15微米或較小的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該等顆粒可具有一不大於10、不大於8、不大於6、或不大於5.5微米的平均粒徑。在各實施例中,該等聚合物顆粒具有一表示單一模式的粒度分佈;在各實施例中,於半高下之該粒度分佈的寬度為自0.1至3微米,且在各其它實施例中係為自0.2至1.5微米。該薄膜可含有具有不同平均直徑的顆粒,但其限制條件為含各平均直徑的顆粒具有一如上文直接描述的粒度分佈。該粒度分佈係使用粒度分析儀測得。
除非另有指定,折射率(RI)值係以鈉D線測定,其中於20℃下,λ=589.29奈米。一般而言,該等聚合物顆粒之折射率為自1.46至1.7。文中包括並揭示自1.46至1.7的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該折射率為自1.52至1.68、自1.53至1.65、或自1.54至1.6。一般而言,該連續聚合相的折射率為自1.4至1.6。文中包括並揭示自1.4至1.6的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該連續聚合相的折射率為自1.45至1.55、自1.47至1.53、或自1.48至1.52。、一般而言,在紅
外線區域(亦即自800-2500奈米)內的該聚合物顆粒之折射率大於該連續聚合相之折射率。
文中揭示的折射率差異為絕對值。一般而言,在該聚合物顆粒與連續聚合相間之自800至2500奈米所測定的折射率差異(亦即該差異的絕對值)為至少0.06。文中包括並揭示0.06及更大的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該折射率差異為至少0.08、至0.09、或至少0.1。一般而言,在該聚合物顆粒與連續聚合相間之自800至2500奈米所測定的折射率差異為不大於0.2。文中包括並揭示0.2及較小之所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該折射率差異為不大於0.17、或不大於0.15。一般而言,在該聚合物顆粒與連續聚合相間之自400至800奈米所測定的折測率差異為至少0.04。文中包括並揭示0.04及較大的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該折射率差異為至少0.05、至少0.06、至少0.07、或至少0.08。一般而言,在該聚合物顆粒與連續聚合相間之自400至800奈米所測定的折射率差異為不大於0.2,在各其它實施例中係為不大於0.15,且在各其它實施例中,係為不大於0.1。
在各實施例中,該薄膜之皮層內的該聚合物顆粒為一具有連續折射率梯度的顆粒(“GRIN”顆粒,見,例如US 2009/0097123)。GRIN顆粒具有一自該等顆粒之中心至該表面連續增加的折射率。一般而言,GRIN顆粒於該表面具有一自1.46至1.7的折射率,文中包括並揭示介於1.46與1.7間之所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如於該表面之該折射率為自1.52至1.68、自1.53至1.65、或自1.54至1.6。一般而言,
GRIN顆粒於該中心具有一自1.46至1.7的折射率。文中包括並揭示介於1.46與1.7間的所有各別數值及亞範圍,例如於該中心之折射率為自1.46至1.52、或1.47至1.51、或1.55至1.6、或1.6至1.7。
該GRIN透鏡層可提供該多層薄膜之一獨特解決方法。以下為該微GRIN透鏡的說明文。
該GRIN透鏡可減少光的損失且球面暨色差現象減至最小。由於該GRIN球面透鏡之折射率在該透鏡介質內會連續改變,所以一獨特焦點係藉經由該透鏡透射的光線而定義。其結果可發現該等光線係隨著折射率的改變而彎曲。該等光線之彎曲會導致經由總內反射之光損失現象消除並產生該球面透鏡結構獨有的清楚定義之焦點及焦距。
該等GRIN聚合物顆粒的形狀為球形且具有獨特的形態。有兩種定義清楚的GRIN聚合物顆粒之實例。在低類似的實例(其係以I表示)內,該球狀顆粒之折射率係自該顆粒之表面至其中央核芯連續減少。在熟知的第二類型之GRIN聚合物顆粒(以實例II表示)中,該顆粒之折射率係自該顆粒之外球狀表面至該內核芯連續增加。這些似透鏡聚合物顆粒可增強入射於其中這些顆粒經塗覆或分散的該聚合物基質的光線之折射。得自增強的光折射之光強度的高增益之總效應為產生反射及繞射之入射光線損失的減少。因此,在實例I內,該等顆粒可增強光漫射;而在實例II內,可增強透射且由於總內反射而導致的光子損失低。
GRIN顆粒可具有一衍生自用於產生該GRIN顆
粒之聚合物晶種的核芯。一般而言,該GRIN顆粒的核芯不超過該顆粒之95重量%,在各其它實施例中,係不超過80重量%,在各其它實施例中,係不超過60重量%,在各其它實施例中,係不超過40重量%,在各其它實施例中,係不超過20重量%。用於計算一折射率差異之GRIN顆粒的該折射率為於該顆粒表面之折射率。該顆粒的核芯內之高折射率可轉變成該顆粒的表面上之低折射率,且該顆粒的核芯內之低折射率可轉變成該顆粒的表面上之高折射率。因此,該顆粒的中心可具有1.61之折射率,而該顆粒的表面具有1.40之折射率。
折射率之變異係藉馬赫-任德(Mach-Zehnder)干涉顯微鏡而測定。該測定技術(其被定義為剪切干涉法)係集中於光程差異的測定。該光程差異被認為是藉該折射率及或厚度的差異而導致的兩光徑長度之差異。該干涉顯微鏡光程差異為物件及其周圍事務之光程長度的差異。該光程長度S為藉該等光線交叉的距離d與該等光線通過的該介質之折射率n的乘積。
在合成製法進行後,藉以下步驟而評估該等球體之光學性質(藉光程差異而表示的折射率輪廓):首先將該等球體浸在一於25℃下具有折射率(Nd=1.54)的折射率配合流體內。該總放大率為約110。藉一CCD相機而獲得該等干涉或條紋圖案,其中經一顯微鏡比例尺校準後,在該物面內之像素經估計為約100奈米。
該等聚合物顆粒可含有丙烯酸系單體。丙烯酸系
單體包括丙烯酸(AA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、AA與MAA之酯、伊康酸(IA)、巴豆酸(CA)、丙烯醯胺(AM)、甲基丙烯醯胺(MAM)、及AM與MAM之衍生物,例如烷基(甲基)丙烯醯胺。AA與MAA之酯包括,但不限於:烷酯、羥基烷酯、磷烷酯及磺烷酯,例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸乙酯(EMA)、甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEMA)、丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)、甲基丙烯酸羥丙酯(HPMA)、丙烯酸羥丁酯(HBA)、丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、丙烯酸乙酯(EA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(EHA)、甲基丙烯酸環己酯(CHMA)、丙烯酸苄酯(BzA)、及甲基丙烯酸磷烷酯(例如PEM)。一般而言,該等聚合物顆粒包含至少60莫耳%之丙烯酸系單體單元。文中包括並揭示60莫耳%或更大的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該等聚合物顆粒可包括至少65莫耳%之丙烯酸系單體單元、至少70莫耳%之丙烯酸系單體單元、至少75莫耳%之丙烯酸系單體單元、或至少80莫耳%之丙烯酸系單體單元。該等聚合物顆粒亦可包括苯乙烯系單體,其可包括苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯;2-、3-、或4-烷基苯乙烯,其等包括甲基-及乙基-苯乙烯。在一實施例中,該苯乙烯系單體為苯乙烯。
一般而言,該等聚合物顆粒包含至少70莫耳%之丙烯酸系及苯乙烯系單體單元。文中包括並揭示70莫耳%及更大的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該等聚合物顆粒包含至少80莫耳%之丙烯酸系及苯乙烯系單體單元、至少90莫耳%之丙烯酸系及苯乙烯系單體單元、至少95莫耳%之丙
烯酸系及苯乙烯系單體單元、或至少97莫耳%之丙烯酸系及苯乙烯系單體單元。一般而言,該聚合物顆粒亦包含自0至5莫耳%之酸單體單元(例如丙烯酸(AA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、伊康酸(IA)、巴豆酸(CA)、或自0.5至4%AA及/或MAA,且亦可含有少量之乙烯基單體之殘基。
該等聚合物顆粒亦可含有交聯劑。交聯劑為具有二或多個烯系不飽和基團之單體、或偶合劑(例如矽烷)或離子交聯劑(例如金屬氧化物)。具有二或多個烯系不飽和基團之交聯劑包括,例如二乙烯基等芳香族化合物、二-、三-及四-丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯、二-、三-及四-烯丙酯或酯化合物及丙烯酸烯丙酯或甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯。此等單體的實例包括二乙烯基苯(DVB)、三羥甲基丙烷二烯丙醚、四烯丙基異戊四醇、三烯丙基異戊四醇、二烯丙基異戊四醇、酞酸二烯丙酯、順丁烯二酸二烯丙酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、雙酚A二烯丙醚、烯丙基蔗糖、伸甲基雙丙烯醯胺、三羥甲基丙烯三丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯(ALMA)、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)、E-1,6-二醇二丙烯酸酯(HDDA)及丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(BGDMA)。一般而言,在該聚合物顆粒內之聚合交聯劑殘基的數量不超過10%。文中包括並揭示10%或較小的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如在該等聚合物顆粒內之該聚合交聯劑殘基不超過9%、不超過8%、不超過7%、或不超過6%。一般而言,在該聚合物顆粒內之該聚合交聯劑殘基數量為至少0.1%。文中包括並揭示0.1%或更大的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如在該聚
合物顆粒內之該聚合交聯劑殘基的數量為至少0.5%、至少1%、至少2%、或至少3%。一般而言,若存在交聯劑,則其等具有一自100至250的分子量。文中包括並揭示自100至250的所有各別數值及亞範圍;例如該等交聯劑可具有一自110至230、自110至200、或自115至160的分子量。一般而言,交聯劑異二官能性或三官能性。亦即其等係分別具二烯系或三烯系不飽和性。
通常在一水性介質內,藉已知乳化聚合反應技術,繼而噴霧乾燥所形成聚合物基質而裝成該等聚合物顆粒。噴霧乾燥步驟典型上可形成具有一0.5至15微米之平徑粒徑之聚合物顆粒的團塊。
該等聚合物通常以在5至80重量%(wt%)之範圍內的數量存在於該皮層內。文中包括並揭示自5至80重量%的所有各別數值及範圍;例如該等聚合物顆粒可以以一在以下範圍內之數量存在於該皮層內:10至80wt%、10至70wt%、20至70wt%、30至80wt%、及40至80wt%。
在各實施例中,該皮層亦可包含與該底層(群)可相容或不可相容的其它聚合物或共聚物;無機顆粒;或添加劑,諸如助滑佐劑、抗結塊劑、分散劑、或抗氧化劑。如上述,該等可用於該底層內之聚合物及添加劑亦可用於該皮層內。
拉伸後,該皮層可通常具有一在0.5至5微米範圍內的厚度。在其它實施例中,該皮層可具有一在1至3微米範圍內的厚度且在又其它實施例中,可具有一在自1至2微
米範圍內的厚度。在各實施例中,該皮層的厚度為該等聚合物顆粒之平均粒徑的至少50至200%。在其它實施例中,該皮層的厚度為該等聚合物顆粒之平均粒徑的至少75至150%,且在又其它實施例中,係為該等聚合物顆粒之平均粒徑的至少75至125%。
拉伸後,該底層(群)對該皮層的厚度比通常在自2至1的範圍內,在各其它實施例中係為自5至1且在各其它實施例中係為自10至1。
本發明該薄膜之皮層通常係藉以下步驟而製成:摻配該熱塑性聚合物基質材料與該等聚合物顆粒的混合物以形成一濃縮物。為了製備該濃縮物,可藉”袋內振動(shake-in-bag)”方法,或藉使用機械混合器而使該等聚合物顆粒經該基礎樹脂之小粒、及可視需要選用的其它添加物乾摻。然後可將本混合物饋入雙螺桿擠製機內,且在水浴內、或藉氣流而冷卻該擠出物,然後進行粒化。接著可以使該濃縮物可擇地與用於稀釋的更多基礎樹脂、及可視需要選用的其它添加物化合。
該底層(群)亦可包含一熱塑性聚合物基質材料。本熱塑性聚合物基質材料亦可以與用以形成含該等聚合物顆粒之濃縮物的熱塑性聚合物基質材料相同或不同。該濃縮物及該基層(群)之組份係在一鑄製薄膜生產線上經共擠製成一鑄製薄膜、或在一吹製薄膜生產線上經共擠製成一吹製薄膜。可在這些生產線上製成多層薄膜,其中含該等聚合物珠粒的層為一外/皮層。該多層薄膜可含有介於2與
9或更多之間的層。
在各實施例中,該薄膜實質上不含無機填料,亦即其含有小於5重量%無機填料。文中包括並揭示5%或較小的所有各別數值及亞範圍,例如該薄膜含有小於2重量%無機填料,小於1重量%無機填料,小於0.5重量%無機填料,或小於0.2重量%無機填料。可添加一分散劑以幫助分散該等顆粒,以該完整薄膜計,該添加量通常在一自0.1至15重量%之範圍內。文中包括並揭示介於0.1與15重量%間的所有各別數值及亞範圍,例如至少0.5重量%分散劑、至少1重量%分散劑、不超過15重量%分散劑、不超過12重量%分散劑、不超過10重量%分散劑、不超過8重量%分散劑、或不超過6重量%分散劑。在各實施例中,該分散劑為一具有自60至95重量%聚烯烴單元及5至40重量%丙烯酸系單體單元的聚烯烴-丙烯酸系共聚物。在各其它實施例中,該聚烯烴-丙烯酸系共聚物為70至90重量%聚烯烴及10至30重量%丙烯酸系單體。在各實施例中,該等丙烯酸系單體為AA或MAA之酯,在各實施例中,係為1-至12-個碳之烷酯,且在各其它實施例中,係為2-至8-個碳之酯。在其它實施例中,該等丙烯酸系單體為AA、MAA或其等之鹽。
該薄膜可藉熟悉本項技藝者已知的任何合適方法(諸如單軸性或雙軸性)而拉伸。該拉伸步驟可藉熟悉本項技藝者已知的任何合適方法而進行。在各實施例中,係於125℃下,使用2分鐘預熱時間、30毫米/秒之拉伸速率進行拉伸,且在拉伸後,冷卻2分鐘。
該薄膜通常係以2至8之因數經拉伸。文中包括並揭示介於2與8間的所有各別範圍;例如該薄膜可以以一2.5至7、3至7、3至6.5、3至6、3至5.5、3至5、3至4.5、或3至4之因數經拉伸。
本發明之薄膜通常具有一在自40至99%之範圍內的霧度,且在拉伸後,具有在自85至98%之範圍內的透射比。
本發明之薄膜可用於多種應用,其包括,但不限於書本封面、雜誌封面、及食品包裝。
在一Haake Polylab Micro-18雙螺桿擠製機上摻配丙烯酸系珠粒(得自The Dow Chemical Company之EXL-5138,0.85微米直徑,6.0磅)及Versify 3000(MFR=8克/10分鐘,9磅)之混合物以得到丙烯酸系珠粒在Versify 3000內之15磅的40重量%濃縮物。
藉在一3層Collin鑄製薄膜生產線上鑄製一含上述該濃縮物的三層薄膜而製成試樣1。A層為含提供無光澤外觀之丙烯酸系珠粒之濃縮物的皮層。B層及C層為提供結構性支撐之含Versify 3000的底層。
亦鑄製一具有相同層厚,但不含丙烯酸系珠粒之對照物三層薄膜(比較試樣A)。該等試樣之調配物如下示。
試樣A:
進料速率:6公斤/小時,210℃熔化溫度,12.6密耳
量度
A層-Versify 3000 @ 5%
B層-Versify 3000 @ 35%
C層-Versify 3000 @ 60%
試樣1:
進料速率:6公斤/小時,210℃熔化溫度,12.6密耳
量度
A層-Versify 3000+0.85微米球粒@ 5%
B層-Versify 3000 @ 35%
C層-Versify 3000 @ 60%
然後使用一Iwamoto伸展器型號#BIX-703,雙軸性拉伸(3x3或4x4)該等薄膜。於125℃下,使用2分鐘預熱時間,30毫米/秒之拉伸速率進行該拉伸步驟,且在拉伸後經2分鐘冷卻。
將該經4x4拉伸的薄膜A標記為”Aa”;將該經3x3拉伸的薄膜1標記為”1a”;並將該經4x4拉伸的薄膜1標記為”1b”。
在拉伸前及後之薄膜厚度的詳述係示於下表1內。
使用一BYK Gardner Haze-Gard plus測定該等試樣薄膜的光學性質;根據ASTM方法D1003測定透射率及霧度,且根據ASTM方法D1746測定澄清度。
結果示於下表2內
表2內之資料表示相對於不含丙烯酸系珠粒之薄膜,該等丙烯酸系珠粒在該等經拉伸薄膜內的存在可大大地增加霧度,且對於透射率的影響最小。而且,一旦拉伸時,與該未經拉伸的薄膜比較,該含丙烯酸系珠粒的薄膜之霧度及澄清度皆顯著增加。
Claims (14)
- 一種薄膜,其包含:a)至少一含一熱塑性聚合物基質材料的底層;及b)一含一熱塑性聚合物基質材料,及自5至80重量%具有一自0.5至15微米之平均粒徑、一自1.46至1.7之折射率,及至少60莫耳%丙烯酸系單體單元的聚合物顆粒之皮層,其中該薄膜係以2至8之因數經單軸或雙軸性拉伸;且其中在拉伸後,該皮層具有一介於該等聚合物顆粒之直徑的50與200%間的厚度。
- 如請求項1之薄膜,其中該熱塑性聚合物基質材料包含至少一聚烯烴。
- 如請求項2之薄膜,其中該聚烯烴係選自以下所組成的群組:聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚丁烯及其等之共聚物與摻合物。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之薄膜,其中該等聚合物顆粒具有一連續折射率梯度。
- 如請求項4之薄膜,其中該等聚合物顆粒於其表面具有一自1.46至1.7之折射率,及於其中心具有一自1.45至1.53之折射率。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之薄膜,其中該等聚合物顆粒具有一自0.5至10微米之平均粒徑。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項之薄膜,其中該(等)底層的合併 厚度在拉伸後,比該皮層大至少2之因數。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項之薄膜,其中該等聚合物顆粒包含至少70莫耳%丙烯酸系及苯乙烯系單體單元。
- 如請求項1至8中任一項之薄膜,其中該薄膜在拉伸後,具有一在自40至99%之範圍內的霧度。
- 如請求項1至9中任一項之薄膜,其中在拉伸後,該薄膜具有一在85至98%之範圍內的透射率。
- 一種製造一薄膜的方法,其包含a)製造一濃縮物,其含i)一熱塑性聚合物基質材料;及ii)具有一自0.5至15微米之平均粒徑、一自1.46至1.7之折射率,及至少60莫耳%丙烯酸系單體單元的聚合物顆粒;b)形成一多層鑄製或吹製薄膜,其中該薄膜包含至少兩層,且其中該外層包含步驟a)之濃縮物;及c)於一高於該熱塑性聚合物基質材料之結晶反應溫度的溫度下,以單軸性或雙軸性方法拉伸該薄膜。
- 如請求項11之方法,其中該外層之熱塑性聚合物基質材料與其它層中之任一者的熱塑性聚合物材料相同或不同。
- 一種使用如請求項1-10中任一項之薄膜所製成的雜誌或書本封面。
- 一種自使用如請求項1-10中任一項之薄膜所製成的食品包裝。
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- 2015-02-09 US US15/118,175 patent/US20170165948A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-02-09 JP JP2016548354A patent/JP6821434B2/ja active Active
- 2015-02-10 AR ARP150100382A patent/AR099332A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2015-06-02 US US15/319,495 patent/US20170152383A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20170152383A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
BR112016017530B1 (pt) | 2021-07-13 |
JP6821434B2 (ja) | 2021-01-27 |
CN105934340A (zh) | 2016-09-07 |
JP2017506171A (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
TWI668112B (zh) | 2019-08-11 |
EP3105056B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
RU2683830C2 (ru) | 2019-04-02 |
RU2016136197A (ru) | 2018-03-15 |
US20170165948A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
BR112016017530A2 (pt) | 2017-08-08 |
RU2016136197A3 (zh) | 2018-08-28 |
EP3105056A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 |
AR099332A1 (es) | 2016-07-13 |
MX2016009569A (es) | 2016-12-16 |
WO2015123126A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
TR201900382T4 (tr) | 2019-02-21 |
JP2020059279A (ja) | 2020-04-16 |
CN105934340B (zh) | 2019-06-28 |
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