TW201534158A - 用於感測及動態傳輸的天線耦合 - Google Patents

用於感測及動態傳輸的天線耦合 Download PDF

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TW201534158A
TW201534158A TW103142627A TW103142627A TW201534158A TW 201534158 A TW201534158 A TW 201534158A TW 103142627 A TW103142627 A TW 103142627A TW 103142627 A TW103142627 A TW 103142627A TW 201534158 A TW201534158 A TW 201534158A
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transmitter
carrier
electronic device
receiver
signal strength
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TW103142627A
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摩瑟尙恩羅素
卡旺查貝爾
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微軟技術授權有限責任公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/245—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/3833—Hand-held transceivers
    • H04B1/3838—Arrangements for reducing RF exposure to the user, e.g. by changing the shape of the transceiver while in use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
    • H04W52/367—Power values between minimum and maximum limits, e.g. dynamic range
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0473—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being transmission power

Abstract

本文所揭示的無線傳輸系統包含傳送器與接收器對。在介電物件接近傳送器與接收器對時，所傳送的載波的訊號強度在接收器處提升。作為回應，可動態減少傳送器的傳輸功率。在介電物件移離傳送器與接收器對時，載波的訊號強度在接收器處降低。作為回應，可動態增加傳送器的傳輸功率。

Description

用於感測及動態傳輸的天線耦合
本發明係關於用於感測及動態傳輸的天線耦合。
消費者電子裝置可裝配了使用射頻(radio frequency；RF)電磁場的無線通訊電路系統。例如，無線通訊電路系統可傳送與接收在行動電話RF頻帶、WiFi網路RF頻帶、GPSRF頻帶等等中的RF訊號。為了保護人類在使用此種裝置時不受有害的RF輻射位準影響，政府機關施加了限制一些無線電子裝置(諸如平板電腦與行動電話)的RF傳輸功率的規範。然而，減少RF傳輸功率，可相當地降低一些電子裝置中的裝置特徵的效能。
為了處理前述問題，本文所說明與主張的實施例提供無線傳輸系統，無線傳輸系統回應於在接收器處偵測到的載波訊號強度改變，而調整載波的傳輸功率。為了滿足政府所施加的RF傳輸限制而不顯著降低裝置效能，電子裝置可包含感測器，感測器允許調整所傳送RF載波的訊號強度。例 如，在接近性感測器偵測到人類或其他介質體接近載波傳輸源時，所傳送的RF載波的訊號強度可被動態地減少。
提供此【發明內容】以由簡化形式介紹一些概念選 擇，這些概念將於下面的【實施方式】進一步說明。此【發明內容】並非意欲識別所主張之標的物的關鍵特徵或必要特徵，亦非意欲用以限制所主張之標的物的範圍。
本文亦說明並記載其他實施例。
100‧‧‧電子裝置
102‧‧‧RF傳送器(Tx)
104‧‧‧RF接收器(Rx)
106‧‧‧RF功率偵測器
108‧‧‧介電體
110‧‧‧耦合距離
200‧‧‧無線傳輸系統
202‧‧‧RF傳送器
204‧‧‧傳送天線
206‧‧‧RF功率偵測器
212‧‧‧寄生接收天線
300‧‧‧無線傳輸系統
302‧‧‧RF傳送器
304‧‧‧傳送天線
306‧‧‧RF功率偵測器
308‧‧‧介電體
312‧‧‧寄生接收天線
314‧‧‧比較器
400‧‧‧範例作業
402-412‧‧‧範例作業
第1圖圖示說明範例電子裝置，範例電子裝置回應於在接收器處偵測到載波訊號強度的改變，而動態調整所傳送的載波的功率。
第2圖圖示說明用於具有動態傳輸功率調整機制的無線傳輸系統的範例電子部件與資料流程。
第3圖圖示說明用於具有動態傳輸功率調整的無線傳輸系統的範例電子部件與資料流程。
第4圖圖示說明用於具有動態傳輸功率調整的無線傳輸系統的範例作業。
在一些轄區中，特定吸收率(specific absorption；SAR)標準對於電子裝置生產者施加了最大能量吸收限制。這些標準對可在傳送射頻(radio frequency；RF)天線的給定距離內的任意特定點處發射的電磁輻射量施加限制。特別關注在距離裝置數公分(例如0至3公分)內的距離處的輻射限制，在此處使用者較會把人體部分放置在傳送天線旁邊。可 由在偵測到介質體(例如人體部分)接近傳送器時減少所傳送的載波訊號強度，來滿足此種限制。
所揭示之科技的實施例提供的電子裝置，回應於在 附近的接收器處偵測到所接收之載波訊號的強度改變，而動態改變所傳送載波的功率。接近電子裝置的使用者，以可偵測到的方式影響所傳送的載波，允許確保符合SAR標準而不顯著降低電子裝置效能的動態功率調整。
第1圖圖示說明範例電子裝置100，電子裝置100 回應於在接收器處偵測到載波訊號強度的改變，而動態調整所傳送的載波的功率。電子裝置100可為(不限定於)平板電腦、膝上型電腦、行動電話、個人資料助理、蜂巢式電話、智慧型手機、藍光(Blu-Ray)播放器、遊戲系統、可穿戴式電腦、或任何其他包含用於傳送RF載波的無線通訊電路系統的裝置。電子裝置100包含傳送載波的RF傳送器102(包含傳送天線)。在一個實施例中，載波的頻率位於行動電話RF傳送的範圍中(例如數百百萬赫茲(MHz))。亦設想了其他實施例。在所圖示說明的實施例中，電子裝置100代表具有行動電話RF能力的平板電腦。
電子裝置亦包含RF接收器104(包含接收天線)， RF接收器104能夠偵測在一頻率範圍中的無線傳輸，包含RF傳送器102所傳送的載波。在一個實施例中，RF傳送器102代表以行動電話RF頻率發射的主動天線，而RF接收器104代表相對於RF傳送器102放置的寄生天線。例如，RF接收器104可放置在RF傳送器102與電子裝置100外表面之間、 放置在電子裝置100的表面處、及(或)放置在接近RF傳送器102之處。以此方式，RF接收器104被從RF傳送器102發出的RF訊號(例如載波)的存在激勵。可在類似的配置中採用其他頻率。
RF接收器104對於來自RF傳送器102的訊號的接 收，可受到介電體(例如人體部分)對於RF接收器104的接近性的影響。此影響係由於介電體存在於RF傳送器102發出的RF場內而產生，其中介電體改變RF接收器104與RF傳送器102之間的耦合。藉由對由RF傳送器102傳送並由RF接收器104接收的載波設定基線訊號強度位準(例如在不存在任何接近RF傳送器102的外部介電體時)，可偵測由RF接收器104所接收的所接收載波訊號強度的改變，在此稱為「載波訊號強度變異量」。載波訊號強度變異量可由介電體108侵入RF傳送器102的耦合距離110內所造成。在一個實施例中，RF接收器104測量移動臨限，移動臨限與當前及主動傳輸功率成比例。
RF接收器104連接至RF功率偵測器106，RF功率 偵測器106提供RF接收器104與RF傳送器102之間的電子回饋路徑。若載波訊號強度變異量超過預定臨限，則RF功率偵測器106可決定有介電體108接近RF傳送器102。此外，RF功率偵測器106包含控制電路系統，以回應於RF接收器104偵測到的載波訊號(例如訊號強度)中的改變，而改變RF傳送器102的行為(例如輸出功率位準、輸出波頻率等等)。因此，若RF功率偵測器106決定有介電體108接近 RF傳送器102，則RF功率偵測器106可傳訊通知RF傳送器102以減少RF傳送器102的傳輸功率，以符合SAR標準。
RF功率偵測器106可經配置以調整RF傳送器102 所傳送的訊號的其他特性，諸如降低傳送訊號的載波訊號頻率。減少載波頻率，可使SAR降低。RF功率偵測器106可經配置以偵測RF接收器104接收的訊號中的其他特性，如與RF傳送器102傳送的訊號相較。例如，RF功率偵測器106可在RF接收器104接收的訊號中，偵測具有與RF傳送器102傳送的訊號不同的相位的其他頻率部件及(或)弦波。RF功率偵測器106可使用此資訊以執行相關於SAR的功能，諸如由RF傳送器102的結合功率與同一裝置104(或一或更多個不同裝置)中的附近傳送器的功率，來決定SAR。以此方式，可基於偵測由裝置100及(或)鄰近裝置所貢獻的總和SAR，來減少相關於SAR的傳輸功率。或者，RF功率偵測器104可濾除在與RF傳送器104傳送的載波訊號頻率不同的頻率處的寄生訊號部件。
在改變RF傳送器102的行為之後，RF功率偵測器 106繼續監視RF接收器104接收的載波訊號強度。若介電體108開始移離電子裝置100，則RF傳送器102與RF接收器104之間的能量耦合改變，使所接收到的載波訊號強度返回至基線載波訊號強度。
在以上方式中，回應於偵測到在RF傳送器102的 耦合距離110內的介電體，而改變RF傳送器102的行為(例如輸出功率)。因為RF接收器104偵測電子裝置100的傳送 載波而非第二訊號，達成接近性感測而無需供應功率至第二感測源，從而減少了電子裝置100的總和功率消耗。
此外，RF接收器104實體上可小於基於本身電容(self-capacitance)的接近性感測器，因為所揭示的感測科技較不依賴電子裝置100中部件的表面區域之間。因此，電子裝置100減少了部件尺寸並提升了設計彈性(例如天線放置選項)。
第2圖圖示說明用於具有動態傳送功率調整機制的無線傳輸系統200的範例電子部件與資料流程。無線傳輸系統200包含RF傳送器202，RF傳送器202產生載波(諸如行動電話RF訊號)。RF傳送器202耦合至傳送天線204，傳送天線204無線傳送載波。傳送天線204可被嵌入電子裝置表面、放置在電子裝置表面下、或位於電子裝置表面上。亦可採用其他實施例。
無線傳輸系統200包含耦合至RF功率偵測器206的寄生接收天線212。寄生接收天線212接收傳送天線204傳送的RF載波訊號。寄生接收天線212將所接收的載波訊號傳導至RF功率偵測器206，RF功率偵測器206對RF傳送器202提供電子回饋路徑，允許動態修改RF傳送器202的行為，以減少載波訊號強度所造成的人類健康風險。此對於RF傳送器202的行為修改，可由數種方式達成，如經由數位邏輯控制線、在數位通訊介面匯流排上的通訊訊號、或類比回饋機制。
在介電體(諸如人類)接近至傳送天線204的耦合 距離內時，介電體影響傳送天線204與寄生接收天線212之間的能量耦合。因此，載波的訊號強度在寄生接收天線212處改變。RF功率偵測器206偵測載波訊號強度相對於基線載波訊號強度的此改變。改變被稱為「載波訊號強度變異量」。 若寄生接收天線所偵測到並通訊至RF功率偵測器206的載波訊號強度變異量，超過臨限功率改變條件，則RF功率偵測器206傳訊通知RF傳送器202以減少RF傳送器202的傳送功率，以減少載波所引起的輻射健康風險。
在介電體開始移離傳送天線204時，傳送天線204 與寄生接收天線212之間的能量耦合開始返回基線載波訊號強度(亦即減少載波訊號強度變異量)。若所接收載波的載波訊號強度變異量下降至低於臨限功率改變條件，則RF功率偵測器206將RF傳送器202的傳輸功率提升至原始傳輸功率位準。可基於界定在無線標準中的標準作業程序與協定，及(或)基於無線傳輸系統200從與無線傳輸系統200通訊的基地台或其他控制個體所接收到的通訊，來決定原始傳輸功率。無線傳輸系統200可較佳地維持修改訊號，修改訊號使對於所傳送訊號的影響減少，使得僅需要從原始傳輸功率位準減少最少的量以符合給定的SAR要求。
RF功率偵測器206可儲存或存取數個不同的臨限功 率改變條件。根據所滿足的特定臨限功率改變條件，RF功率偵測器206可不同地修改RF傳送器202的行為。例如，RF功率偵測器206可能夠根據所接收載波的載波訊號強度變異量，以各種不同的量值提升或降低RF傳送器202的傳輸功率。
在一些實施例中，可在傳送天線204周圍的預先界 定位置處放置多個寄生接收天線，以改良對於接近物件的偵測。
第3圖圖示說明用於具有動態傳送功率調整的無線 傳輸系統300的範例電子部件與資料流程。無線傳輸系統300包含RF傳送器302，RF傳送器302產生載波(諸如行動電話RF訊號)。RF傳送器302係耦合至傳送天線304，傳送天線304無線地傳送載波。無線傳輸系統300進一步包含耦合至RF功率偵測器306的寄生接收天線312。RF功率偵測器306對RF傳送器302提供電子回饋路徑，允許修改RF傳送器302的行為，以減少載波所引起的人類健康風險。
RF傳送器302與傳送天線304之一者或兩者，可放 置在電子裝置的外表面上，或嵌入在電子裝置外殼內或外殼底下。在第3圖中，寄生接收天線312實質上覆蓋於傳送天線304上方，使得寄生接收天線312比傳送天線304接近裝置外表。在此實施例中，載波被以經由寄生接收天線312的方向，從傳送天線304傳送出。在另一實施例中，寄生接收天線312與傳送天線304在電子裝置表面上並列。在又另一實施例中，寄生接收天線312與傳送天線304被嵌入電子裝置內，並與裝置外表相對等距。可採用許多其他RF傳送器與一或更多個寄生接收天線的配置。傳送天線304與寄生接收天線312可被相對於彼此設置，使得從傳送天線304流至寄生接收天線312的電場線量體流動穿過一空間，諸如人類手部的介電體在使用無線傳輸系統300的過程中可穿過此空 間。此種設置可較佳地提供具有較高動態範圍及(或)提升的感測度的接近性感測系統。例如，無線傳輸系統範圍的接近性感測範圍可為0.2公尺或以上。
在介電體308(諸如人類身體部分)來到傳送天線 304的耦合距離內時，介電體308改變寄生接收天線312接收到的載波的訊號強度。RF功率偵測器306偵測到此訊號強度提升，並提供相關聯於所接收之載波的資料(「載波資料」)給比較器314。在各種實施例中，比較器314為通訊耦合至無線傳輸系統300的電子裝置的硬體、軟體、及(或)韌體。 例如，RF功率偵測器306可提供波形或由波形代表的資料給比較器314，以與寄生接收天線312所接收的訊號比較。
在一個實施例中，比較器314使用RF功率偵測器 306偵測到的訊號強度改變，以決定介電體308與無線傳輸系統300之間的接近性的改變。比較器314比較所接收載波的訊號強度改變與數個所儲存的臨限功率改變條件，臨限功率改變條件相關聯於對於無線傳輸系統300具有不同的接近性的介電物件。例如，一個臨限功率改變條件可相關聯於在無線傳輸系統300的第一距離內的人體部分。另一臨限功率改變條件可相關聯於在無線傳輸系統的第二距離內的人體部分。其他臨限功率改變條件可相關聯於在無線傳輸系統300的一或更多個距離處的非人類介電物件。各種臨限功率改變條件可被儲存在通訊耦合至無線傳輸系統300的電子裝置的揮發性或非揮發性記憶體中。
比較器314傳回一值至RF功率偵測器305，此值指 示滿足了(若有)哪個臨限功率改變條件，及(或)要採取的回應性行動。基於比較器314提供的值，RF功率偵測器306修改RF傳送器302的傳輸功率位準。
在另一實施例中，比較器314基於分析儲存在通訊 耦合電子裝置的記憶體中的波形資料，來決定一或更多個物件特性(例如物件類型、物件距離、物件尺寸等等)。例如，比較器314可將寄生接收天線312接收的訊號的波形，與複數個所儲存的載波訊跡比較，載波訊跡包含預先產生的RF曲線及(或)預先產生的快速傅立葉轉換(Fast Fourier Transform；FFT)曲線。可在每次RF功率偵測器306偵測到訊號強度改變時，或條件式地，在決定所接收的訊號強度滿足臨限功率改變條件時，執行此分析。
RF傳送器302亦可傳送對於接近物件敏感的SAR 特定訊跡與調變，以提升物件偵測精確度。訊跡可由對於傳輸條件為適當的方式，被嵌入實際傳輸資料中(例如在資料封包之間的間隙內)。
相關聯於具有不同物件特性的各種不同介電物件的 預先產生的RF或FFT曲線，可被儲存在比較器314可存取的記憶體中。例如，一個預先產生的RF曲線，可被相關聯於在傳送天線304與寄生接收天線312之間的能量耦合受到人體部分影響時所期望的訊號。另一預先產生的RF曲線，可被相關聯於在傳送天線304與寄生接收天線312之間的能量耦合受到桌子或其他固定物件影響時所期望的訊號。
若系統能夠操作在兩或更多個頻率(或頻帶)，則 RF功率偵測器306可選擇其中一個頻率(或頻帶)。例如，一個頻帶可對人類產生較大的風險，而另一頻帶可對人類產生較小的風險。在此配置中，若人類與固定物件的特性在不同頻帶之間為不同，則掃描頻帶(或兩或更多個頻帶)可能夠減少對於非人類事件的傳輸調整次數(例如，一個目標為將非人類傳輸調整最小化或消除，以最佳化無線使用者經驗同時仍維持合法)。進一步延伸此概念，吾人可採用RADAR技術，以用於在所揭示的科技中改良對於目標(介電體)的距離解析度。在RADAR中，時常使用展寬壓縮脈衝(chirp pulse)(其中傳送脈衝的頻率被以線性或指數方式改變)以改良對於目標的距離解析度。若感測傳送器將利用RADAR技術(實質上製成非常短距的RADAR)，在一或更多個頻帶中，系統可藉由增強距離解析度，以避免不必要地過早觸發傳送器功率退後技術或其他傳輸調整，而改良(對於人類的)偵測。
在又另一實施例中，比較器314使用自相關函數(auto-correlation function)，以測量所接收波形與一或更多個預先產生波形之間的相似度。例如，可使用自相關函數，以計算所傳送載波的值。函數亦可用於計算預先產生RF或FFT曲線。若這些計算值位於彼此的預定誤差邊際內，則可識別出介電體308的一或更多個物件特性。以此方式，可利用自相關函數，以從實際物件分辨出隨機性(例如誤測)，及(或)決定物件類型(類如人類)、物件距離、物件尺寸等等之一或更多者。對於各種預先產生RF與FFT曲線的相關 值，可被儲存在比較器314可存取的調諧表(tuning tables)或其他裝置記憶體中。
在一個實施例中，比較器314使用方程式1所給定 的自相關函數，推導出相關值rk，如下： 其中Y為均值函數；k為自相關間隔(lag)；而N為比較中所使用的資料點總和數量。在另一實施例中，自相關間隔(k)等於1。在方程式(1)中，在發生粗略物件偵測時，可使用相關值rk以分辨物件類型。例如，粗略物件偵測可發生在RF功率偵測器306偵測到載波訊號強度的可分辨的提升時。在「粗略」物件偵測發生時，自相關函數(例如方程式1)可用以識別最相關所接收載波的預先產生RF曲線。根據此相關性，比較器314可決定介電體的一或更多個物件特性，及(或)決定適當的回應動作。
在上述實施例中，比較器314傳回值至RF功率偵 測器306，RF功率偵測器306指示哪個物件特性被滿足，及(或)要採取的回應行動。基於比較器314提供的值，RF功率偵測器306修改RF傳送器302的傳輸功率位準。
或者，比較器314可使用自相關函數以測量在所傳 送載波波形(例如從RF傳送器302接收)與所接收波形(例如由寄生接收天線偵測)之間的相似度或相關性。例如，可使用此種測量，以決定訊號強度改變是來自載波訊號自身， 還是來自寄生接收天線312所偵測到的其他外部訊號的組合。
在自相關函數結果為不確定之情況下，無線傳輸系統300可提示使用者輸入接近RF接收天線312的物件類型。使用者輸入可被儲存在記憶體中，使得在類似物件接近RF接收天線312時，可決定更確定的自相關結果。不確定的自相關結果可基於根據相關函數的高誤差輸出。可在即使相關誤差過高的情況中，接受最相關的預先產生曲線，以避免使用者需要輸入。在相關性繫於兩個預先產生曲線之間的情況中，可基於安全考量而選擇具有功率減少較多的一者。
第4圖圖示說明具有動態傳輸功率調整的無線傳輸系統的範例作業400。傳輸作業402傳送RF載波，如行動電話RF訊號。接收作業404接收RF載波。在一個實施例中，由RF接收天線執行接收作業404，RF接收天線放置為接近於執行傳送作業402的RF傳送天線。偵測作業406偵測所接收RF載波訊號強度中的改變。在一個實施例中，由耦合至寄生接收天線的RF功率偵測器執行偵測作業406。亦可採用其他實施例。
決定作業408決定所偵測到的所接收RF載波訊號強度改變，是否滿足至少一個臨限功率改變條件。臨限功率改變條件可被儲存在無線傳輸系統的RF功率偵測器可存取的記憶體位置中。
若所偵測到的訊號強度改變滿足臨限功率改變條件，則可執行額外的分析，以決定適當的回應動作。例如，所接收到的RF載波的波形資料，可被與複數個所儲存的載波 訊跡比較，包含預先產生RF曲線及(或)預先產生快速傅立葉轉換(FFT)曲線。所儲存載波訊跡之每一者，可相關聯於在受到具有一或更多個不同物件特性的介電物件影響時的載波。藉由測量所接收載波與所儲存波形訊跡之間的相關性，可決定介電物件的一或更多個物件特性。基於此分析，可識別並實施回應動作。
若決定作業408決定所偵測到的訊號強度改變滿足 至少一個臨限功率改變條件，則調整作業410調整所傳送RF載波的功率。功率調整的程度可根據所偵測到的訊號強度改變的量值及(或)相關聯於所儲存RF與FFT曲線的一或更多個物件特性。
例如，偵測作業406所偵測到的訊號強度改變可指 示介電物件(例如人類)已接近無線傳輸系統至可偵測到的接近性內。在一個實施例中，基於訊號強度改變的量值決定介電物件的接近性。若此接近性為存在輻射風險的距離(例如由所適用的SAR規範所界定)，則所偵測到的訊號強度改變滿足臨限功率改變條件，且調整作業410降低所傳送RF載波的功率，以減少輻射風險。在此情況中，功率降低的量值係基於所滿足的特定臨限功率改變條件。
或者，偵測作業406所偵測到的訊號強度改變，可 指示介電物件已移離無線傳輸系統。若介電物件已移動至輻射風險已減輕或消除(相較於先前位置)的距離處，則訊號強度的降低可滿足臨限功率改變條件。在此情況中，調整作業410根據所滿足的特定臨限功率改變條件，將所傳送RF載 波的功率提升一量值。
在調整作業410調整所傳送RF載波的功率之後， 進入等待作業412，直到偵測作業406偵測到訊號強度的另一改變。
若決定作業408決定所偵測到的訊號強度改變未滿 足臨限功率改變條件，則不進行調整作業410。相反的，進入等待作業412，直到偵測作業406偵測到訊號強度的另一改變。
本文所說明的發明的實施例，被實施為一或更多個電腦系統中的邏輯步驟。本發明的邏輯作業，被實施為：(1)執行在一或更多個電腦系統中的處理器實施步驟序列；以及(2)一或更多個電腦系統內的互連機器或電路模組。實施例係為根據實施發明之電腦系統的效能要求的設計選擇。因此，構成本文所說明之發明的具體實施例的邏輯作業被多樣地稱為作業、步驟、物件、或模組。再者，應瞭解可由任何順序執行邏輯作業或依所需增加與省略，除非另行明確地主張，否則申請專利範圍語言固有地需要特定順序。
上面的說明、範例、與資料提供了對於本發明的完整結構說明與示例性具體實施例的使用。因為可在不脫離本發明的精神與範圍之情況下進行本發明之眾多實施，因此本發明符合下文附加的申請專利範圍。再者，在不脫離所記載之申請專利範圍的情況下，不同實施例的結構性特徵可在又一實施例中組合。
200‧‧‧無線傳輸系統
202‧‧‧RF傳送器
204‧‧‧傳送天線
206‧‧‧RF功率偵測器
212‧‧‧寄生接收天線

Claims (20)

  1. 一種方法，包含以下步驟：偵測步驟，偵測一載波的訊號強度的一改變，該載波係於一電子裝置的一射頻(RF)傳送器與一RF接收器之間通訊，該訊號強度的該改變係受到一介電體相對於該RF傳送器的接近性影響，該介電體係放置在該電子裝置外部；以及調整步驟，調整該RF傳送器所傳送的該載波的傳輸功率。
  2. 如請求項1所述之方法，其中該RF接收器包含耦合至該電子裝置的一寄生接收天線。
  3. 如請求項1所述之方法，該方法進一步包含以下步驟：基於該RF接收器所接收的該載波的該訊號強度的該改變，決定該介電物件相對於該RF傳送器的該接近性。
  4. 如請求項1所述之方法，其中該調整步驟包含以下步驟：若所偵測到的該訊號強度的該改變滿足一臨限功率改變條件，則調整該RF傳送器傳送的該載波的該傳輸功率。
  5. 如請求項1所述之方法，其中該調整步驟回應於偵測到該RF接收器所接收的該載波的該訊號強度的該改變，而降低該RF傳送器的該傳輸功率。
  6. 如請求項1所述之方法，其中該調整步驟回應於偵測到該RF接收器所接收的該載波的該訊號強度的該改變，而提升該RF傳送器的該傳輸功率。
  7. 如請求項1所述之方法，其中該載波包含一行動電話RF傳輸。
  8. 如請求項1所述之方法，其中該偵測步驟進一步包含以下步驟：測量該載波與一所儲存波形訊跡之間的一相關性，以決定該介電體的一物件特性。
  9. 如請求項8所述之方法，其中該物件特性為一物件類型。
  10. 如請求項8所述之方法，其中該物件特性為該介電體與該RF傳送器之間的該接近性。
  11. 一種電子裝置，包含：一射頻(radio frequency；RF)傳送器，該RF傳送器經配置以從該電子裝置傳送出一載波；一RF接收器，該RF接收器經配置以接收傳送自該RF傳送器的該載波；以及一功率偵測器，該功率偵測器在該電子裝置內耦合至該RF傳送器與該RF接收器，該功率偵測器經配置以回應於偵 測到該RF接收器所接收的該載波的訊號強度的一改變，而調整該RF傳送器的傳輸功率，訊號強度的該改變係受到一介電體相對於該RF傳送器的接近性影響。
  12. 如請求項11所述之電子裝置，其中若所偵測到的訊號強度的該改變滿足一臨限功率改變條件，則該功率偵測器調整傳送自該RF傳送器的該載波的傳輸功率。
  13. 如請求項11所述之電子裝置，其中該載波包含一行動電話RF傳輸。
  14. 如請求項11所述之電子裝置，其中該RF接收器包含一寄生接收天線，而該寄生接收天線與該RF傳送器係耦合在該電子裝置內。
  15. 如請求項11所述之電子裝置，該電子裝置進一步包含：一比較器，該比較器耦合至該功率偵測器，該比較器基於該RF接收器所接收的該載波的該訊號強度的該改變，而識別該介電物件的一接近性。
  16. 如請求項11所述之電子裝置，該電子裝置進一步包含：一比較器，該比較器耦合至該功率偵測器，該比較器測量該RF傳送器所傳送的該載波與該RF接收器所接收的該載波之間的一相關性。
  17. 如請求項16所述之電子裝置，其中該比較器使用至少一個自相關函數測量該相關性。
  18. 如請求項11所述之電子裝置，該電子裝置進一步包含：一比較器，該比較器耦合至該功率偵測器，該比較器測量該RF接收器所接收的該載波與一所儲存波形訊跡之間的一相關性，以決定該介電體的一物件特性。
  19. 一種處理電路，該處理電路經配置以執行步驟，包含以下步驟：分析資料，藉由將該資料與一預先產生曲線比較，該預先產生曲線代表接近一電子裝置中的一RF傳送器的一物件類型，該接近性感測資料係基於在一RF接收器處接收到的一接近性偵測訊號；基於所分析的該資料，調整該RF傳送器所傳送的一傳送訊號的傳送特性。
  20. 如請求項19所述之處理電路，其中該物件類型係相關聯於一人類。
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