TW201534040A - Control circuit of switch apparatus - Google Patents
Control circuit of switch apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- TW201534040A TW201534040A TW104105096A TW104105096A TW201534040A TW 201534040 A TW201534040 A TW 201534040A TW 104105096 A TW104105096 A TW 104105096A TW 104105096 A TW104105096 A TW 104105096A TW 201534040 A TW201534040 A TW 201534040A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
- H02H7/1225—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters responsive to internal faults, e.g. shoot-through
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種控制電路，且特別是有關於一種開關裝置的控制電路。 The present invention relates to a control circuit, and more particularly to a control circuit for a switching device.
逆變器(inverter)為一種電源轉換裝置，其通常是通過功率半導體元件的切換把直流輸入電源轉換為交流輸出電源。一般光伏並網系統會在逆變器與電網間會設置繼電器與電磁干擾(Electromagnetic Interference,EMI)濾波器，繼電器可隔離逆變器與電網，以避免電網回灌突波電流給逆變器而造成逆變器的毀損。 An inverter is a power conversion device that typically converts a DC input power source into an AC output power source through switching of power semiconductor components. In general, the photovoltaic grid-connected system will set up a relay and electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter between the inverter and the grid. The relay can isolate the inverter from the grid to prevent the grid from recharging the surge current to the inverter. Causes damage to the inverter.
雖然繼電器可有效隔離逆變器與電網，然繼電器需要較大的電流來啟動，在習知技術中，一般會提供固定的大電流來啟動繼電器，然實際上繼電器在被啟動後僅需小電流來維持其開啟的狀態，因而將造成不必要的電能損耗。 Although the relay can effectively isolate the inverter from the grid, the relay requires a large current to start. In the prior art, a fixed large current is generally provided to activate the relay. However, in reality, the relay requires only a small current after being activated. To maintain its open state, it will cause unnecessary power loss.
本發明提供一種開關裝置之控制電路，可減少開關裝置的電能損耗。 The invention provides a control circuit for a switching device, which can reduce the power loss of the switching device.
本發明的開關裝置之控制電路包括第一開關單元、第二開關單元以及控制單元。其中第一開關單元與第二開關單元的第一端耦接開關裝置，第一開關單元與第二開關單元的第二端耦接接地。控制單元具有一輸出接腳，耦接第一開關單元與第二開關單元的控制端，自輸出接腳輸出啟動訊號至第一開關單元與第二開關單元的控制端，以導通第一開關單元與第二開關單元，而於第一開關單元與第二開關單元的共同接點上產生控制電流，控制電流用以控制開關裝置之導通狀態，其中第一開關單元於接收到啟動訊號後一段預設時間轉為關閉狀態。 The control circuit of the switching device of the present invention includes a first switching unit, a second switching unit, and a control unit. The first end of the first switch unit and the second switch unit are coupled to the switch device, and the second end of the first switch unit and the second switch unit are coupled to the ground. The control unit has an output pin coupled to the control ends of the first switch unit and the second switch unit, and outputs a start signal from the output pin to the control ends of the first switch unit and the second switch unit to turn on the first switch unit. And a second switching unit, wherein a control current is generated at a common contact between the first switching unit and the second switching unit, and the control current is used to control a conduction state of the switching device, wherein the first switching unit is pre-processed after receiving the startup signal Set the time to off.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的第一開關單元與第二開關單元處於導通狀態時分別提供第一電流路徑與第二電流路徑，而控制電流係提供第一電流與第二電流分別流至第一電流路徑與第二電流路徑以導通開關裝置，其中第一電流的電流值大於第二電流的電流值。 In an embodiment of the invention, the first switch unit and the second switch unit respectively provide a first current path and a second current path when the second switch unit is in an on state, and the control current provides a first current and a second current respectively. And a first current path and a second current path to turn on the switching device, wherein the current value of the first current is greater than the current value of the second current.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的第一開關單元轉為關閉狀態時控制電流提供第二電流流至第二電流路徑以維持開關裝置之導通狀態。 In an embodiment of the invention, the control current provides a second current flow to the second current path when the first switching unit is turned off to maintain the conduction state of the switching device.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的第一開關單元包括電晶體以及電容單元。其中電晶體耦接於開關裝置與接地之間。電容單元耦接電晶體的控制端與輸出接腳之間。 In an embodiment of the invention, the first switching unit includes a transistor and a capacitor unit. The transistor is coupled between the switching device and the ground. The capacitor unit is coupled between the control end of the transistor and the output pin.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的第一開關單元更包括放電單元，其耦接於電晶體的控制端與接地之間。 In an embodiment of the invention, the first switching unit further includes a discharge unit coupled between the control end of the transistor and the ground.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的放電單元包括二極體，其陰極與陽極分別耦接電晶體的控制端與接地。 In an embodiment of the invention, the discharge unit includes a diode, and the cathode and the anode are respectively coupled to the control end of the transistor and the ground.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的開關裝置之控制電路，更包括電阻，其耦接於電晶體的控制端與電容單元之間。 In an embodiment of the invention, the control circuit of the switching device further includes a resistor coupled between the control terminal of the transistor and the capacitor unit.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的第二開關單元包括限流單元以及電晶體。其中限流單元耦接於開關裝置。電晶體耦接於限流單元與接地之間，電晶體的控制端耦接輸出接腳。 In an embodiment of the invention, the second switching unit includes a current limiting unit and a transistor. The current limiting unit is coupled to the switching device. The transistor is coupled between the current limiting unit and the ground, and the control end of the transistor is coupled to the output pin.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的限流單元為電阻。 In an embodiment of the invention, the current limiting unit is a resistor.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的開關裝置之控制電路更包括電阻，其耦接於電晶體的控制端與輸出接腳之間。 In an embodiment of the invention, the control circuit of the switching device further includes a resistor coupled between the control end of the transistor and the output pin.
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的開關裝置為繼電器。 In an embodiment of the invention, the switching device is a relay.
基於上述，本發明的實施例透過自控制單元的輸出接腳輸出啟動訊號至第一開關單元與第二開關單元的控制端，以於第一開關單元與第二開關單元的共同接點上產生控制電流，控制電流用以控制開關裝置之導通狀態，其中第一開關單元於接收到啟動訊號後一段預設時間轉為關閉狀態，以減少開關裝置的電能損耗。 Based on the above, the embodiment of the present invention outputs the activation signal to the control terminals of the first switch unit and the second switch unit through the output pin of the control unit to generate a common contact between the first switch unit and the second switch unit. The control current is used to control the conduction state of the switching device. The first switching unit is turned off after a preset time after receiving the startup signal to reduce the power loss of the switching device.
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。 The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.
102‧‧‧開關裝置 102‧‧‧Switching device
104、106‧‧‧開關單元 104, 106‧‧‧ Switching unit
108‧‧‧控制單元 108‧‧‧Control unit
110‧‧‧逆變電路 110‧‧‧Inverter circuit
120‧‧‧電磁干擾濾波器 120‧‧‧Electromagnetic interference filter
130‧‧‧控制電路 130‧‧‧Control circuit
202‧‧‧放電單元 202‧‧‧discharge unit
204‧‧‧限流單元 204‧‧‧Restriction unit
P1‧‧‧輸出接腳 P1‧‧‧ output pin
S1‧‧‧啟動訊號 S1‧‧‧ start signal
I1‧‧‧控制電流 I1‧‧‧Control current
I1'、I2'‧‧‧電流 I1', I2'‧‧‧ current
R1~R4‧‧‧電阻 R1~R4‧‧‧ resistor
C1‧‧‧電容單元 C1‧‧‧Capacitor unit
Q1、Q2‧‧‧電晶體 Q1, Q2‧‧‧O crystal
D1‧‧‧二極體 D1‧‧‧ diode
PV‧‧‧光伏組件 PV‧‧‧PV modules
EG‧‧‧電網 EG‧‧‧ grid
圖1繪示本發明一實施例之開關裝置的控制電路的示意圖。 1 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2繪示本發明另一實施例之開關裝置的控制電路的示意圖。 2 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a switching device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
圖3繪示本發明一實施例之開關裝置的控制電路應用在光伏並網系統的示意圖。 3 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a switching device applied to a photovoltaic grid-connected system according to an embodiment of the invention.
圖1繪示本發明一實施例之開關裝置的控制電路的示意圖。請參照圖1，開關裝置102的控制電路包括開關單元104、開關單元106以及控制單元108，其中開關裝置102可例如為繼電器，開關單元104與開關單元106的第一端耦接開關裝置102，而開關單元104與開關單元106的第二端則耦接至接地。控制單元108有一輸出接腳P1，其耦接開關單元104與開關單元106的控制端。 1 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the control circuit of the switch device 102 includes a switch unit 104 , a switch unit 106 , and a control unit 108 . The switch device 102 can be, for example, a relay. The switch unit 104 and the first end of the switch unit 106 are coupled to the switch device 102 . The switch unit 104 and the second end of the switch unit 106 are coupled to the ground. The control unit 108 has an output pin P1 coupled to the control unit of the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106.
控制單元108可自其輸出接腳P1輸出啟動訊號S1至開關單元104與開關單元106的控制端，以導通開關單元104與開關單元106，而於開關單元104與開關單元106的共同接點(亦即開關單元104與開關單元106的第一端的共同接點)上產生控制電流I1，以控制開關裝置102的導通狀態。其中，開關單元104與開關單元106處於導通狀態時可分別提供第一電流路徑與第二電流路徑，而使控制電流I1分別提供電流I1'與電流I2'流至第一電流路徑與第二電流路徑，亦即控制電流I1為電流I1'與電流I2'的 總和，在部分實施例中電流I1'的電流值可大於電流I2'的電流值。值得注意的是，開關單元104於接收到啟動訊號S1後一段預設時間將轉為關閉狀態，亦即僅剩開關單元106提供第二電流路徑，控制電流I1的電流值等於電流I2'的電流值，而造成控制電流I1的電流值變小。其中，開關裝置102在開關單元104與開關單元106處於導通狀態時被導通，而在開關裝置102被導通之後，開關單元104雖轉為關閉狀態，但開關單元106所提供的電流I2'仍可使開關裝置102維持在導通的狀態，因此可在不影響開關裝置102的操作的情形下有效減少電能損耗。 The control unit 108 can output the start signal S1 from the output pin P1 to the control end of the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106 to turn on the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106, and the common contact between the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106 ( That is, a control current I1 is generated on the common contact of the switching unit 104 and the first end of the switching unit 106 to control the conduction state of the switching device 102. Wherein, when the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106 are in an on state, the first current path and the second current path may be respectively provided, and the control current I1 respectively supplies the current I1′ and the current I2′ to the first current path and the second current. The path, that is, the control current I1 is the current I1' and the current I2' In summary, the current value of current I1' may be greater than the current value of current I2' in some embodiments. It should be noted that the switch unit 104 will turn to the off state after receiving the start signal S1 for a preset time, that is, only the remaining switch unit 106 provides the second current path, and the current value of the control current I1 is equal to the current of the current I2'. The value causes the current value of the control current I1 to become small. Wherein, the switch device 102 is turned on when the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106 are in an on state, and after the switch device 102 is turned on, the switch unit 104 is turned off, but the current I2' provided by the switch unit 106 can still be turned on. The switching device 102 is maintained in an on state, so that power loss can be effectively reduced without affecting the operation of the switching device 102.
圖2繪示本發明另一實施例之開關裝置的控制電路的示意圖。請參照圖2，在本實施例中，開關單元104可包括電阻R1、電阻R2、電容單元C1、電晶體Q1以及放電單元202，電阻R1耦接於開關裝置102與電晶體Q1的集極之間，電晶體Q1耦接於電阻R1與接地之間，電阻R2與電容單元C1串聯於電晶體Q1的控制端(亦即基極)與控制單元108的接腳P1之間，放電單元202則耦接於電晶體Q1的控制端與接地之間。其中，放電單元202在本實施例中為以一二極體D1來實施，二極體D1的陰極與陽極分別耦接電晶體Q1的控制端與接地。 2 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a switching device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, in the embodiment, the switch unit 104 can include a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor unit C1, a transistor Q1, and a discharge unit 202. The resistor R1 is coupled to the collector device 102 and the collector of the transistor Q1. The transistor Q1 is coupled between the resistor R1 and the ground. The resistor R2 and the capacitor unit C1 are connected in series between the control terminal (ie, the base) of the transistor Q1 and the pin P1 of the control unit 108, and the discharge unit 202 is connected. It is coupled between the control terminal of the transistor Q1 and the ground. In this embodiment, the discharge unit 202 is implemented by a diode D1. The cathode and the anode of the diode D1 are respectively coupled to the control end of the transistor Q1 and the ground.
另一方面，在本實施例中開關單元106可包括電阻R3、電晶體Q2以及限流單元204。限流單元204耦接於開關裝置102與電晶體Q2的集極之間，在本實施例中限流單元204為以電阻R4來實施，電阻R4耦接於開關裝置102與電晶體Q2的集極之 間，在其他實施例中限流單元204亦可以其他方式實施，例如以更多個串聯或並聯的電阻來實施。電晶體Q2的射極耦接至接地，電晶體Q2的控制端(亦即基極)則耦接至電阻R3的一端，而電阻R3的另一端則耦接控制單元108。在部分實施例中，上述開關單元104亦可不包括電阻R1、電阻R2，而開關單元106可不包括電阻R3，亦即電晶體Q1的集極與控制端可分別直接耦接至開關裝置102與電容單元C1，而電晶體Q2的控制端可直接耦接至控制單元108。 On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the switching unit 106 may include a resistor R3, a transistor Q2, and a current limiting unit 204. The current limiting unit 204 is coupled between the switching device 102 and the collector of the transistor Q2. In this embodiment, the current limiting unit 204 is implemented by a resistor R4, and the resistor R4 is coupled to the set of the switching device 102 and the transistor Q2. Extreme In other embodiments, the current limiting unit 204 can also be implemented in other manners, such as with more resistors connected in series or in parallel. The emitter of the transistor Q2 is coupled to the ground, the control terminal (ie, the base) of the transistor Q2 is coupled to one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is coupled to the control unit 108. In some embodiments, the switch unit 104 may not include the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the switch unit 106 may not include the resistor R3, that is, the collector and the control terminal of the transistor Q1 may be directly coupled to the switch device 102 and the capacitor, respectively. The unit C1 and the control terminal of the transistor Q2 can be directly coupled to the control unit 108.
當欲啟動開關裝置102時，控制單元108可輸出啟動訊號S1至電晶體Q1與電晶體Q2的基極，在本實施例中啟動訊號S1為一電流信號。啟動訊號S1可開啟電晶體Q1與電晶體Q2，而於開關單元104與開關單元106的共同接點上產生控制電流I1，進而開啟開關裝置102。其中流向電容單元C1的電流將會漸漸地充飽電容單元C1，經過一段預設時間後，電容單元C1將呈現開路的狀態，使得電晶體Q1進入關閉的狀態，而無法繼續供應電流I1'，進而使得控制電流I1變小。另一方面，由於控制單元108提供的電流仍可持續地被輸出至電晶體Q2的基極，因此電晶體Q2可持續地供應電流I2'，而使開關裝置102維持在開啟的狀態。其中電流I2'的大小可透過限流單元204來調整，如在本實施例中，當電阻R4的電阻增大時，電流I2'將變小。 When the switching device 102 is to be activated, the control unit 108 can output the start signal S1 to the base of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2. In this embodiment, the start signal S1 is a current signal. The start signal S1 can turn on the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2, and the control current I1 is generated at the common contact of the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106, thereby turning on the switching device 102. The current flowing to the capacitor unit C1 will gradually fill the capacitor unit C1. After a predetermined period of time, the capacitor unit C1 will assume an open state, so that the transistor Q1 enters a closed state and cannot supply the current I1'. Further, the control current I1 is made smaller. On the other hand, since the current supplied from the control unit 108 is still continuously output to the base of the transistor Q2, the transistor Q2 can continuously supply the current I2' while maintaining the switching device 102 in the on state. The magnitude of the current I2' can be adjusted by the current limiting unit 204. As in the present embodiment, when the resistance of the resistor R4 is increased, the current I2' will become smaller.
如此藉由控制電路在初期提供大的控制電流I1(=I1'+I2')可開啟開關裝置102(如繼電器)，而在開關裝置102被啟動後，改 為提供較小的控制電流I1(=I2')可繼續維持開關裝置102的開啟狀態，而可減少電能的損耗。此外，本發明的實施例僅需單一接腳P1即可達到控制開關單元104與開關單元106的導通狀態，進而改變控制電流I1大小的效果。 Thus, by providing a large control current I1 (=I1'+I2') at the initial stage by the control circuit, the switching device 102 (such as a relay) can be turned on, and after the switching device 102 is activated, In order to provide a smaller control current I1 (= I2'), the on state of the switching device 102 can be maintained, and the loss of power can be reduced. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention only needs to use a single pin P1 to control the conduction state of the switch unit 104 and the switch unit 106, thereby changing the effect of controlling the magnitude of the current I1.
開關裝置的控制電路的應用可例如圖3所示。圖3繪示本發明一實施例之開關裝置的控制電路應用在光伏並網系統的示意圖。請參照圖3，光伏並網系統可包括光伏組件PV、開關裝置102、逆變電路110、電磁干擾濾波器120、控制電路130以及電網EG。其中逆變電路110耦接光伏組件PV與開關裝置102、控制電路130耦接開關裝置102、電磁干擾濾波器120耦接開關裝置102與電網EG。 The application of the control circuit of the switching device can be as shown, for example, in FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a switching device applied to a photovoltaic grid-connected system according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the photovoltaic grid-connected system may include a photovoltaic module PV, a switching device 102, an inverter circuit 110, an electromagnetic interference filter 120, a control circuit 130, and a power grid EG. The inverter circuit 110 is coupled to the PV module PV and the switch device 102, the control circuit 130 is coupled to the switch device 102, and the electromagnetic interference filter 120 is coupled to the switch device 102 and the power grid EG.
光伏組件120可反應太陽光的強度輸出直流電壓給逆變電路110，以讓逆變電路110將直流電壓轉換為交流電壓而輸出給後端的電網EG使用，而電磁干擾濾波器120設置於逆變電路110與電網EG之間可抑制交流電壓的電磁雜訊。此外，開關裝置102受控於控制電路130而改變其導通狀態，進而將逆變電路110與電網EG隔離，在本實施例中開關裝置102為繼電器。其中控制電路130可如以上述實施例所述的方式實施，在此不再贅述。藉由控制電路130來控制開關裝置102的導通狀態不僅可有效地隔離逆變器與電網，而避免電網回灌突波電流給逆變器而造成逆變器的毀損，更可在開關裝置102被啟動後改以小電流來維持其開啟的狀態，而可減少不必要的電能損耗。 The photovoltaic module 120 can output a DC voltage to the inverter circuit 110 in response to the intensity of the sunlight, so that the inverter circuit 110 converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage and outputs it to the grid EG at the back end, and the EMI filter 120 is set in the inverter. Electromagnetic noise of the AC voltage can be suppressed between the circuit 110 and the grid EG. In addition, the switching device 102 is controlled by the control circuit 130 to change its conduction state, thereby isolating the inverter circuit 110 from the grid EG. In the present embodiment, the switching device 102 is a relay. The control circuit 130 can be implemented in the manner described in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not described herein again. Controlling the conduction state of the switching device 102 by the control circuit 130 not only effectively isolates the inverter from the power grid, but also avoids damage to the inverter caused by the grid recharging the surge current to the inverter, and is more likely to be in the switching device 102. After being activated, it is changed to a small current to maintain its open state, and unnecessary power loss can be reduced.
綜上所述，本發明透過控制單元的單一輸出接腳輸出啟動訊號至兩個開關單元的控制端，以控制兩個開關單元的開啟狀態，進而調整用以控制開關裝置的導通狀態的控制電流大小，其中一開關單元於接收到啟動訊號後一段預設時間轉為關閉狀態，以減少開關裝置的電能損耗。 In summary, the present invention outputs a start signal to the control terminals of the two switch units through a single output pin of the control unit to control the on state of the two switch units, thereby adjusting the control current for controlling the on state of the switch device. The size of one of the switch units is turned off after a predetermined period of time after receiving the start signal to reduce the power loss of the switch device.
102‧‧‧開關裝置 102‧‧‧Switching device
104、106‧‧‧開關單元 104, 106‧‧‧ Switching unit
108‧‧‧控制單元 108‧‧‧Control unit
P1‧‧‧輸出接腳 P1‧‧‧ output pin
S1‧‧‧啟動訊號 S1‧‧‧ start signal
I1‧‧‧控制電流 I1‧‧‧Control current
I1'、I2'‧‧‧電流 I1', I2'‧‧‧ current
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI822561B (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-11-11 | 固緯電子實業股份有限公司 | Device to improve current limiting response speed and waveform |
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