TW201504199A - 將石蠟轉換成烯烴的製程及用於其中的催化劑 - Google Patents
將石蠟轉換成烯烴的製程及用於其中的催化劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201504199A TW201504199A TW103111076A TW103111076A TW201504199A TW 201504199 A TW201504199 A TW 201504199A TW 103111076 A TW103111076 A TW 103111076A TW 103111076 A TW103111076 A TW 103111076A TW 201504199 A TW201504199 A TW 201504199A
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Abstract
本發明係關於用於將石蠟轉換為烯烴之製程,該製程包含以下步驟:(a)提供含有至少一種石蠟(具有1至12個碳原子)及至少一種烯烴(具有2至12個碳原子)之烴原料;(b)在撐體(solid support)上提供含有至少一種VIA族及/或VIIA族過渡金屬之催化劑;(c)藉由使催化劑與至少一種還原氣體及至少一種氧化氣體接觸預處理該催化劑;以及(d)在200℃至600℃,較佳為320℃至450℃之溫度範圍內使烴原料與預處理之催化劑接觸,且本發明係關於用於製程中的催化劑。
Description
本發明係關於用於將石蠟轉換成烯烴的製程,且係關於用於該製程中的催化劑。
烯烴一直被期望作為用於石油化學工業之原料。該等烯烴用於製備多種石油化學品。丙烯係最重要的烯烴之一,且對丙烯的需求已大幅增長,如此主要係由於丙烯被用作用於封裝材料及其他商業產品之聚丙烯生產中的前驅物。
該等方法以生產烯烴而為人們熟知。目前,大多數輕烯烴(諸如乙烯及丙烯)係在烴原料(諸如乙烷、丙烷、天然氣、石油液體、石腦油及碳質材料)之蒸汽裂解或高溫分解期間生產的。
蒸汽裂解涉及反應及氣體回收系統之非常複雜的組合。蒸汽裂解亦為高度能量密集型的,且得到相對較低的乙烯及丙烯產率。眾所熟知,使用烯烴之複分解方法可改良蒸汽裂解的丙烯產率。
烯烴複分解為已知類型的反應,在該反應中,一或更多個烯化合物轉換為不同分子量之其他烯烴。例如,可從
包含乙烯及丁烯之原料的烯烴複分解產生丙烯。然而,此製程消耗乙烯及丁烯,而乙烯及丁烯具有許多其他下游用途,及較高的商業價值。
用於生產輕烯烴的另一方法為石蠟脫氫。脫氫製程提供比蒸汽裂解更好的烯烴產率,但脫氫製程展示了要求頻繁且昂貴之再生的快速催化劑焦化。此外,僅在大規模丙烯生產單位(例如通常250,000公噸/年或更多)的情況下,對丙烷脫氫工廠之顯著資本成本通常才是合理的。
已嘗試了許多用於改良輕烯烴生產之方法。例如,EP 1,129,056 B1描述用於藉由自熱裂解從氣態石蠟烴生產單烯烴之製程。該製程包含以下步驟:將石蠟烴原料及含氧分子氣體饋送至自熱裂解器,在該自熱裂解器中,彼等原料及氣體藉由氧化脫氫反應,以形成包含一或更多個單烯烴之產物。此製程要求嚴格的操作條件,且因此,此製程具有高能消耗與較低的烯烴產率。
US 5,171,921描述藉由使較高烴進料與含磷及H-ZSM-5之蒸汽活化催化劑接觸,將較高烯或石蠟或混合之烯烴及石蠟原料生產為C2-C5烯烴之製程。此製程要求高達700℃之高操作溫度。
US 8,258,357描述用於從包含丁烷之C4原料生產烯烴之整合製程,該製程結合了脫氫單元與烯烴複分解單元。此製程要求相對高的操作溫度,且此製程消耗如氫氣及乙烯之高價值原料材料。
已注意到,揭示之用於製造烯烴的製程在如上所述
之該等製程的實施期間可能具有某些缺點。
因此,本發明之目標為克服先前技術之缺點,尤其藉由在溫和條件下提供可將相對低價值之石蠟有效地轉化為較高價值之烯烴的製程。
以上目標藉由將石蠟轉換為烯烴之製程達成,該製程包含以下步驟:(a)提供含有至少一種石蠟(具有1至12個碳原子)及至少一種烯烴(具有2至12個碳原子)之烴原料;(b)在撐體上提供含有至少一種VIA族及/或VIIA族過渡金屬之催化劑;(c)藉由使催化劑與至少一種還原氣體及至少一種氧化氣體接觸預處理該催化劑;以及(d)在200℃至600℃(較佳為320℃至450℃)之溫度範圍內使烴原料接觸預處理之催化劑。
本發明中之術語烴原料代表總的組合進料;根據一些實施例,烴原料包括任何循環烴流,但不包括任何非烴稀釋劑,該等非烴稀釋劑可能與進料一起添加。
對本發明重要的是,烴原料為至少一種石蠟與至少一種烯烴的混合物,該至少一種石蠟與至少一種烯烴具有同一或不同數目之碳原子。該混合物可從石油化學製程直接獲取(例如從石腦油裂解製程獲取混合C3流或混合C4流),或該混合物可藉由混合富石蠟流與富烯烴流獲取。
較佳,至少一種石蠟為甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、正丁烷、異丁烷、正戊烷、異戊烷或以上各者之混合物,更較佳為丙烷、正丁烷、異丁烷或以上各者之混合物。
亦較佳,至少一種烯烴為乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、順2-丁烯、反2-丁烯、正戊烯或以上各者之混合物,更較佳為乙烯。
根據本發明,原料中之至少一些量的烯烴對於啟動石蠟至烯烴的轉換係必需的。一旦轉換啟動,可仍將至少一種烯烴作為共同進料維持在原料中,或亦可將該至少一種烯烴從原料中排除。
較佳,烴原料中石蠟與烯烴之重量比在0.1:1至100:1之範圍內,更較佳為0.5:1至10:1之範圍內。
對本發明有用之催化劑包含撐體上之至少一種VIA族或VIIA族過渡金屬。
較佳,至少一種VIA族或VIIA族過渡金屬為鉬、鎢、錸或以上各者之混合物,該過渡金屬較佳為鎢。
更佳,基於催化劑之總重量,催化劑包含1至15重量%(最較佳為5至10重量%)之至少一種VIA族或VIIA族過渡金屬。
亦較佳,該撐體為二氧化矽、氧化鋁、活性碳、氧化鎂、二氧化鈦、氧化鑭、二氧化鋯、沸石、層化雙氫氧化物或以上各者之任何組合,較佳為二氧化矽與沸石之組合,更較佳為二氧化矽與0.1至60重量%(基於撐體的總重量)之沸石的組合。
進一步較佳,沸石從以下類型選擇:ZSM-5、X型沸石、Y型沸石、beta沸石、MCM-22、鎂鹼沸石、菱沸石或以上各者之混合物,沸石較佳為Y型沸石。
更進一步改良製程之效率,催化劑可與助催化劑混合或與助催化劑一起使用。較佳,催化劑可與異構化催化劑混合或與異構化催化劑一起使用。異構化催化劑可從由以下各者組成之群組中選擇:氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化釔、氧化鋅、水滑石及氧化鋁與氧化鎂之固溶體。藉由浸漬或部分浸漬方法可製備本發明之催化劑,該方法通常涉及使該撐體與過渡金屬化合物之浸漬溶液接觸。應選擇浸漬條件以在催化劑上獲得所要位準之過渡金屬。較佳的條件包括:浸漬溶液中金屬化合物的濃度在0.1×10-6M至5M之範圍內,浸漬溫度在20℃至200℃之範圍內,及接觸時間在1分鐘至5小時之範圍內。亦可使用催化劑製備之其他已知的方法,諸如初期濕潤法、離子交換或類似方法。
浸漬溶液包括至少一種溶劑中之至少一種過渡金屬化合物。過渡金屬化合物之許多選擇(該等選擇諸如過渡金屬之硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽或碳酸鹽)可能用於本發明。例如,在催化劑製備步驟中使用的過渡金屬化合物為偏鎢酸銨四水合物。
用於本發明之所選擇的溶劑可為任何適當的溶劑,該溶劑可溶解或分散所選擇的金屬化合物,諸如含氧溶劑及烴溶劑。例如,該溶劑可從水、甲醇、乙醇及己烷中選擇。
浸漬(或如上所述之其他製備方法)之後,較佳地
烘乾金屬沉積之支撐件,且隨後煆燒該支撐件以去掉水分及在催化劑製備步驟中所使用之金屬化合物的揮發性餾分。烘乾條件通常包括20℃至200℃之溫度,及2小時至20小時之週期。煆燒條件通常包括200℃至800℃之溫度,及1小時至48小時之週期。通常在含氧氣體(例如空氣或氧氣)之氣氛下執行烘乾步驟及煆燒步驟兩者。應指出,烘乾步驟可與煆燒步驟組合,亦即在煆燒期間進行烘乾。
在將催化劑用於轉化反應之前,使用還原氣體及氧化氣體預處理該催化劑。此催化劑預處理之使用導致形成金屬氫化物及金屬氧化物。根據本發明,催化劑上之適當量之金屬氫化物及金屬氧化物在將石蠟轉換成烯烴的過程中較佳地使得催化劑具有活性。藉由為催化劑預處理選擇適當的條件,可獲得適當量的金屬氫化物及金屬氧化物。亦即,較佳,預處理催化劑包含至少一種過渡金屬氫化物及至少一種過渡金屬氧化物之混合物。
較佳,預處理催化劑之步驟包含以下步驟:使催化劑在200℃至700℃(較佳為300℃至600℃)之溫度範圍內,較佳以0.0001hr-1至100hr-1(更較佳為0.001hr-1至10hr-1)之範圍內的重量時空速度(Weight Hourly Space Velocity;WHSV)與至少一種還原氣體(較佳為氫氣)接觸較佳達5分鐘至30小時(更較佳為12小時至24小時)之一段時間。
亦較佳,預處理催化劑之步驟包含以下步驟:使催化劑在200℃至700℃(較佳為300℃至600℃)之溫度範圍內,較佳以0.0001hr-1至100hr-1(更較佳為0.001hr-1至10
hr-1)之範圍內的重量時空速度(WHSV)與至少一種氧化氣體(較佳為空氣)接觸達較佳5分鐘至30小時(更較佳為12小時至24小時)之一段時間。
如在本技術中所瞭解,WHSV等於烴原料之質量流量除以催化劑床之重量,且WHSV表示每小時處理之進料的等效質量。WHSV係關於反應器滯留時間之倒數。
在一較佳實施例中,催化劑首先與還原氣體接觸,然後與氧化氣體接觸。在另一較佳實施例中,催化劑首先與氧化氣體接觸,隨後與還原氣體接觸。
可視需要使用稀釋劑稀釋還原氣體及氧化氣體。在選擇之催化劑預處理條件下,稀釋劑應為非反應的。例如,適當的稀釋劑為氮氣、氬氣、甲烷及類似稀釋劑或以上各者之混合物。
可在使用之前不久或原位進行催化劑預處理。
在催化劑預處理之後,預處理催化劑隨後在適當條件下曝露於反應區中之流動的烴原料,以開始將石蠟轉換成烯烴。
使烴原料與預處理催化劑接觸可連續進行或分批進行。通常,在烴原料連續通過反應區中催化劑之固定床的情況下執行接觸。用於進行原料/催化劑接觸之許多其他適當的系統在此項技術中係已知的,且最佳選擇視特定原料、催化劑去活化率及其他因素而定。該等系統包括移動床系統、搖床系統及流體化床系統。
較佳,步驟(d)中之使烴原料接觸預處理之催化劑之
步驟在320℃至450℃之範圍內的溫度下進行。
亦較佳,步驟(d)中使烴原料接觸預處理之催化劑之步驟在1巴至60巴(較佳為20巴至40巴)之範圍內的壓強下進行。
亦進一步較佳,步驟(d)中使烴原料接觸預處理催化劑之步驟以0.01hr-1至200hr-1(較佳為0.05hr-1至100hr-1,更較佳為0.1hr-1至20hr-1)之範圍內的WHSV進行。
在如上所述之轉換條件下,反應區中之烴原料通常為氣相。然而,轉化反應亦可在烴原料為液相或氣相及液相混合相之時進行。
在反應區的下游設有一或多個分離單元係正常的,以便分離且獲得轉化製程產物之所要純度。
可能經常需要反應區之非轉化烴原料的循環,用於達成完全或至少顯著高於原料之平衡限制單程轉化率的總轉化率。
由於有毒物質、焦炭、碳及/或聚合物在催化劑製程上的積累,本發明之製程中採用之催化劑通常隨時間損失催化劑的活性,且因此要求催化劑之再生。
因此,較佳,根據本法明之製程進一步包含如製程之步驟(e)之再生步驟。
再生通常涉及藉由氧化燃燒移除沉積於催化劑表面上之有毒物質、焦炭、碳及/或聚合物。
較佳,再生步驟(e)包含以下步驟:使催化劑在200℃至700℃(較佳為400℃至550℃)之溫度範圍內與至少一
種氧化氣體(較佳為空氣)接觸。
令人驚訝的是,已發現本發明之製程提供將石蠟轉換成烯烴之改良的、更經濟且更有效率之製程。
以下實例藉由顯示某些步驟之驚人的效果及製程之條件,尤其藉由提供可在溫和條件下將相對低價值之石蠟轉換成較高價值之烯烴的製程,展示在將石蠟轉換成烯烴過程中使用本發明之製程所獲得的優勢。
下列實例僅意欲說明本發明。不能以任何方式將彼等實例作為本發明之範疇的限制。如附隨申請專利範圍中所揭示,在不脫離本發明之範疇的情況下,可作出許多改變及修改。
實例
實例1至實例6為根據本發明將石蠟轉換為烯烴之製程的說明。
實例1
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在500℃之溫度下使空氣以0.3hr-1之WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達4個小時,隨後使與氮氣平衡之10體積%的氫氣在400℃之溫度下以0.002hr-1之WHSV穿過催化劑床達1個小時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將催化劑之溫度升高至550℃,且在將溫度冷卻降至350℃的反應溫度之前,將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,將含有10重量%之正丁烷及與氮氣平衡之20重量%之乙烯的原料在20巴之壓強下以10-20cc/min之流動速率饋送至催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
實例2
使用含有10重量%之異丁烷及與氮氣平衡之20重量%之乙烯的原料執行與實例1相同之實驗。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
實例3
使用含有10重量%之丙烷及與氮氣平衡之20重量%之乙烯的原料執行與實例1相同之實驗。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
實例4
使用含有10重量%之LPG(含有25重量%之丙烷、25重量%之異丁烷及50重量%之正丁烷)及與氮氣平衡之20重量%之乙烯執行與實例1相同之實驗。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
實例5
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在500℃之溫度下使空氣以0.30hr-1之
WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達4個小時,隨後使與氮氣平衡之10體積%之氫氣在400℃之溫度下以0.002hr-1之WHSV穿過催化劑床達1個小時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將催化劑之溫度升高至550℃,且在將溫度冷卻降至350℃之反應溫度之前將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,將含有4重量%之正丁烯及6重量%之正丁烷及與氮氣平衡之20重量%之乙烯的原料在20巴的壓強下以5-20cc/min之流動速率饋送至催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
實例6
此實例為根據本發明將石蠟轉換為烯烴之製程的說明。
在無氧化鎂的情況下執行與實例1相同之實驗。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
比較實例A及B說明本發明之製程中催化劑預處理條件的效果。
比較實例A
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在400℃之溫度下使與氮氣平衡之10體積%之氫氣以0.002hr-1之WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達1個小
時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將催化劑之溫度升高至500℃,且在將溫度冷卻至350℃之反應溫度之前將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,將含有10重量%之正丁烷及與氮氣平衡之20重量%的乙烯之原料在20巴的壓強下以10-20cc/min之流動速率饋送至催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
比較實例B
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在500℃之溫度下使空氣以0.30hr-1之WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達4個小時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將催化劑之溫度升高至550℃,且在將溫度冷卻至350℃之反應溫度之前,將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,將含有10重量%之正丁烷及與氮氣平衡之20重量%之乙烯的原料在20巴的壓強下以10-20cc/min之流動速率饋送至催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
比較實例C、D、E及F說明共同饋送於本發明之製
程的烯烴的效果。
比較實例C
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在500℃之溫度下使空氣以0.30hr-1之WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達4個小時,隨後使與氮氣平衡之10體積%之氫氣在400℃下以0.002hr-1之WHSV穿過催化劑床達1個小時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將催化劑之溫度升高至550℃,且在將溫度冷卻降至350℃之反應溫度之前,將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,使含有與氮氣平衡之10重量%-20重量%之正丁烷在20巴的壓強下以5-20cc/min之流動速率饋送穿過催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
比較實例D
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在500℃之溫度下使空氣以0.30hr-1之WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達4個小時,隨後使與氮氣平衡之10體積%之氫氣在400℃下以0.002hr-1之WHSV穿過催化劑
床達1個小時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將溫度升高至550℃,且在將溫度冷卻降至350℃之反應溫度之前,將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,使含有與氮氣平衡之10重量%-20重量%之乙烯在20巴的壓強下以5-20cc/min之流動速率饋送穿過催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
比較實例E
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在500℃之溫度下使空氣以0.30hr-1之WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達4個小時,隨後使與氮氣平衡之10體積%之氫氣在400℃下以0.002hr-1之WHSV穿過催化劑床達1個小時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將溫度升高至550℃,且在將溫度冷卻降至350℃之反應溫度之前,將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,使含有與氮氣平衡之10重量%至20重量%之異丁烷在20巴的壓強下以5-20cc/min之流動速率饋送穿過催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉
化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
比較實例F
將撐體(包含5重量%之HY-沸石及95重量%之二氧化矽)上之3克的催化劑(包含8重量%之鎢)與3克的氧化鎂混合,且隨後將混合物封裝至管狀反應器中。
然後,藉由在500℃之溫度下使空氣以0.30hr-1之WHSV流動穿過催化劑床達4個小時,隨後使與氮氣平衡之10體積%之氫氣在400℃下以0.002hr-1之WHSV穿過催化劑床達1個小時以預處理催化劑,且隨後將溫度升高至550℃,且在將溫度冷卻降至350℃之反應溫度之前,將550℃之溫度保持2個小時。
當床溫度達到350℃時,使含有與氮氣平衡之10重量%-20重量%之丙烷在20巴的壓強下以5-20cc/min之流動速率饋送穿過催化劑床。
將反應之排出物送往GC-FID(Agilent)以測量彼等排出物之化學成分。測量之排出物的成分係用於計算石蠟轉化率及烯烴產率。此實驗之結果在表1中顯示。
表1中顯示之石蠟轉換率由以下算法計算得出:反應期間轉換之石蠟的重量除以原料中石蠟的總重量,隨後再乘以一百。表1中顯示之乙烯及丙烯之選擇性是由以下算法計算得出:反應所產生之乙烯或丙烯之重量除以反應所產生之所有產物的重量,隨後再乘以一百。
以上描述及申請專利範圍中揭示(兩者分別揭示及兩者之任何組合揭示)之特徵可為用於實現本發明之材料的多種形式。
Claims (14)
- 一種用於將石蠟轉換成烯烴之製程,該製程包含以下步驟:(a)提供含有至少一種石蠟(具有1至12個碳原子)及至少一種烯烴(具有2至12個碳原子)之一烴原料;(b)在一撐體上提供含有至少一種VIA族及/或VIIA族之過渡金屬之一催化劑;(c)藉由使催化劑與至少一種還原氣體及至少一種氧化氣體接觸預處理該催化劑;以及(d)在200℃至600℃,較佳為320℃至450℃之範圍內之一溫度下使該烴原料與該預處理之催化劑接觸。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中該至少一種石蠟為甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、正丁烷、異丁烷、正戊烷、異戊烷或以上各者之混合物,該石蠟較佳為丙烷、正丁烷、異丁烷或以上各者之混合物。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中該至少一種烯烴為乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、順2-丁烯、反2-丁烯、正戊烯或以上各者之混合物,該烯烴較佳為乙烯。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中該烴原料中石蠟與烯烴之重量比在0.1:1至100:1,較佳為0.5:1至10:1之範圍內。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中該至少一種VIA族或VIIA族過渡金屬為鉬、鎢、錸或以上各者之混合物,該過渡金屬較佳為鎢。
- 如請求項1或5所述之製程,其中基於該催化劑之總重量,該催化劑包含1%至15重量%,較佳為5%至10重量%之該至少一種VIA族或VIIA族過渡金屬。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中該撐體為二氧化矽、氧化鋁、活性碳、氧化鎂、二氧化鈦、氧化鑭、二氧化鋯、沸石、層化雙氫氧化物或以上各者之任一組合,該撐體較佳為二氧化矽與沸石之一組合,更較佳為二氧化矽與0.1至60重量%之沸石(基於撐體的總重量)之一組合。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中預處理該催化劑之步驟包含以下步驟:使催化劑在200℃至700℃(較佳為300℃至600℃)之範圍內之一溫度下,較佳以0.0001hr-1至100hr-1(更較佳為0.001hr-1至10hr-1)之範圍內的一重量時空速度(WHSV)與至少一種還原氣體(較佳為氫氣)接觸較佳達5分鐘至30個小時(更較佳為12個小時至24個小時)之一段時間。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中預處理該催化劑之步驟包含以下步驟:使催化劑在200℃至700℃(較佳為300℃至600 ℃)之範圍內之一溫度下,較佳以0.0001hr-1至100hr-1(更較佳為0.001hr-1至10hr-1)之範圍內的一重量時空速度(WHSV)與至少一種氧化氣體(較佳為空氣)接觸較佳達5分鐘至30個小時(更較佳為12個小時至24個小時)之一段時間。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中該預處理之催化劑包含至少一種過渡金屬氫化物及至少一種過渡金屬氧化物之一混合物。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中步驟(d)中使該烴原料與該預處理之催化劑接觸之步驟在1巴至60巴,較佳為20巴至40巴的範圍內之一壓強下進行。
- 如請求項1或11所述之製程,其中步驟(d)中使該烴原料與該預處理之催化劑接觸的步驟係以0.01hr-1至200hr-1,較佳為0.05hr-1至100hr-1,更較佳為0.1hr-1至20hr-1的範圍內之一WHSV進行。
- 如請求項1所述之製程,其中該製程進一步包含一再生步驟(e)。
- 如請求項13所述之製程,其中再生步驟(e)包含以下步驟:使該催化劑在200℃至700℃,較佳為400℃至550℃之 範圍內之一溫度下與至少一種氧化氣體(較佳為空氣)接觸。
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2013
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- 2013-04-03 EP EP13162080.9A patent/EP2786978B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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2014
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- 2014-03-25 TW TW103111076A patent/TWI629255B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-03-28 WO PCT/TH2014/000012 patent/WO2014163590A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-28 CN CN201810205533.1A patent/CN108404903A/zh active Pending
- 2014-03-28 JP JP2016506299A patent/JP6289607B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-03-28 US US14/782,457 patent/US10329219B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-03-28 CN CN201480018621.0A patent/CN105102407B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-03-28 SG SG11201508020XA patent/SG11201508020XA/en unknown
- 2014-03-28 KR KR1020157030184A patent/KR20150139870A/ko active IP Right Grant
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Cited By (1)
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TWI743264B (zh) * | 2016-12-08 | 2021-10-21 | 德商贏創運營有限公司 | 富含烯烴之烴混合物的脫氫 |
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EP2786978A1 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
US20160326069A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
TW201805264A (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
CN105102407A (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
KR20150139870A (ko) | 2015-12-14 |
JP2018069231A (ja) | 2018-05-10 |
EP2786978B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
US10329220B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
CN108404903A (zh) | 2018-08-17 |
JP6563457B2 (ja) | 2019-08-21 |
JP2016519681A (ja) | 2016-07-07 |
EP2975013A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
JP6289607B2 (ja) | 2018-03-07 |
US10329219B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
SG11201508020XA (en) | 2015-10-29 |
TWI629255B (zh) | 2018-07-11 |
US20170190639A9 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
CN105102407B (zh) | 2018-03-16 |
WO2014163590A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
US20170267609A1 (en) | 2017-09-21 |
TWI648245B (zh) | 2019-01-21 |
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