TW201343864A - 乾淨釋放拉伸可撕下之膠帶 - Google Patents

乾淨釋放拉伸可撕下之膠帶 Download PDF

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TW201343864A
TW201343864A TW102108121A TW102108121A TW201343864A TW 201343864 A TW201343864 A TW 201343864A TW 102108121 A TW102108121 A TW 102108121A TW 102108121 A TW102108121 A TW 102108121A TW 201343864 A TW201343864 A TW 201343864A
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substrate
backing
adhesive tape
adhesive
resin
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TW102108121A
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Roger Anthony Grisle
Harold Theodore Munson
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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Abstract

本發明提供用於黏合之黏著膠帶，其在黏合平面之方向上拉伸時可分開，而不留下殘留物且不損壞基材之表面。黏著膠帶包括彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面；及丙烯酸酯壓敏黏著劑，其安置於該背襯之該第一表面及該第二表面中之至少一者上。該背襯包括選自由聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合組成之群之共聚物，及以該背襯之總重量計約20wt%至60wt%之增黏劑。該背襯具有大於500%之斷裂伸長率。

Description

乾淨釋放拉伸可撕下之膠帶
本發明描述一種拉伸可撕下之黏著膠帶、包括該黏著膠帶之物品及使用該黏著膠帶使基材之堆疊解耦合的方法。
拉伸可撕下之膜及膠帶已被用於將基材黏合在一起或用於將物品黏合至基材。用於將物品黏合至基材之市售拉伸釋放黏著劑可以CommandTM商標購自3M Company及以Powerstrip®商標購自tesa SE。該等拉伸釋放膠帶及膜中有許多包括無黏著劑之突出片部分作為產品構造之一部分，其允許使用者抓住且拉取膠帶，從而將該膠帶自附著表面釋放。雖然該等拉伸可撕下之膜及膠帶為有用的，但依然需要提供其他拉伸可撕下之物品。
本發明提供拉伸可撕下之黏著膠帶、合併該等膠帶之物品及黏合該等膠帶之方法。有利地，本發明之黏著膠帶為拉伸可撕下的，而不依賴於突出片部分。另外，本發明之拉伸可撕下之黏著膠帶自其所附著之基材乾淨地移除，而不留下殘留物且不損壞基材表面。
在一個態樣中，本發明係關於一種黏著膠帶，其包含以下各物或基本上由以下各物組成：(a)彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面，該背襯包含(i)共聚物，其係選自由以下各物組成之群：聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合；及(ii)以背襯之總重量計約20 wt%至 60 wt%之增黏劑，且其中該背襯具有大於500%之斷裂伸長率；及(b)丙烯酸酯壓敏黏著劑，其安置於背襯之第一表面及第二表面中之至少一者上，其中當物品安置於基材上時，該物品能夠沿第一方向拉伸且自基材釋放。
在另一態樣中，本發明係關於一種物品，其包含：(a)第一基材；(b)黏著膠帶，其黏附至第一基材，該黏著膠帶包含(1)彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面，該背襯包含(i)共聚物，其係選自由以下各物組成之群：聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合；及(ii)以背襯之總重量計約20 wt%至60 wt%之增黏劑，且其中該背襯具有大於500%之斷裂伸長率；及(2)丙烯酸酯壓敏黏著劑，其安置於背襯之第一表面及第二表面中之至少一者上。
在又一態樣中，本發明係關於一種耦合及解耦合基材之堆疊之方法，該方法包含以下步驟：(a)提供第一基材及第二基材；(b)將黏著膠帶黏附在第一基材與第二基材之間，從而將第一基材及第二基材耦合成堆疊，該黏著膠帶包含：(1)彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面，該背襯包含(i)共聚物，其係選自由以下各物組成之群：聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合；及(ii)以背襯之總重量計約20 wt%至60 wt%之增黏劑，且其中該背襯具有大於500%之斷裂伸長率；及(2)丙烯酸酯壓敏黏著劑，其安置於背襯之第一表面及第二表面上；(c)將該堆疊加熱至膠帶黏著劑之軟化溫度；(d)自該堆疊移除第一基材以暴露黏著膠帶；及(e)沿其長度拉取黏著膠帶以自第二基材拉伸釋放黏著膠帶。
本發明之黏著膠帶可以單面膠帶形式提供，其中該黏著劑係安置於背襯之一個側面上，或以雙面膠帶形式提供，其中該黏著劑係安置於背襯之兩個側面上。該等黏著膠帶可用於廣泛多種應用中，自裝配消費型電子裝置(諸如行動手持式裝置，例如各種類型之電話、平 板電腦及其類似物)中之組件至將任何兩個基材黏合在一起，及稍後使一個基材自另一基材解耦合。
除非另有指示，否則本說明書及申請專利範圍中所使用之表示特徵大小、量及物理性質的所有數字均應理解為在所有情況下均由術語「約」修飾。因此，除非作相反指示，否則前述說明書及隨附申請專利範圍中所闡述之數值參數為可視熟習此項技術者使用本文中揭示之教示設法獲得之所要性質而變化的近似值。
由端點敍述之數值範圍包括在該範圍內之所有數值(例如，1至5包括1、1.5、2、2.75、3、3.80、4及5)及在該範圍內的任何範圍。
在一個態樣中，本發明提供展現拉伸釋放性質之黏著膠帶。該黏著膠帶包括彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面；及丙烯酸酯壓敏黏合劑，其安置於第一表面及第二表面中之至少一者上。
彈性背襯
適合的彈性背襯包括聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合之共聚物。市售聚醚-聚酯共聚物樹脂包括以Hytrel®商標購自DuPont,Delaware之彼等樹脂，且Hytrel® 4056樹脂特別有用。市售聚醚-聚醯胺共聚物樹脂包括以PebaxTM商標購自Arkema Inc.,Pennsylvania之彼等樹脂，且PebaxTM 3533樹脂特別有用。美國專利第5,672,400號(Hansen 等人)在第40-65行第7列中揭示了PebaxTM樹脂之用途，該案之完整揭示內容以全文引用之方式併入本文中。
增黏劑樹脂亦為彈性樹脂之一部分。適合的增黏劑樹脂係選自由以下各物組成之群：萜烯樹脂、萜烯酚樹脂、芳族改質之萜烯樹脂、香豆酮-茚樹脂、天然松香樹脂、改質松香、甘油酯松香、異戊 四醇酯松香、烯丙酚甲醛樹脂、二甲苯甲醛樹脂、苯乙烯樹脂、二環戊二烯樹脂及其混合物。以背襯之總重量計，增黏劑係以20 wt%至60 wt%存在。
彈性背襯係經選擇以具有用於拉伸釋放黏著膠帶中之適合機械性質。舉例而言，彈性背襯係經選擇，以使得其在第一方向(例如縱向方向)上拉取時可拉伸(伸長)至少50%，而不斷裂。亦即，至少一個尺寸(諸如長度)可經由拉伸增加至少50%，而不使背襯層斷裂。在一些實施例中，彈性背襯可經拉伸至少100%、至少150%、至少200%、至少300%、至少400%或至少500%，而不斷裂。彈性背襯通常可經拉伸高達800%。
黏著劑
丙烯酸系壓敏黏著劑適用於本發明。在本發明之黏著膠帶係以成卷形式(諸如轉移膠帶)供應時，丙烯酸系黏著劑通常受襯墊保護。
添加劑
其他添加劑可包括在背襯、黏著劑或兩者中，以賦予特定性質。該等添加劑包括有機填料、無機填料、化學或物理起泡劑、抗菌劑、玻璃或者聚合物泡或珠粒(其可為膨脹或未膨脹的)、纖維、增強劑、疏水性或親水性二氧化矽、韌化劑、奈米粒子、阻燃劑、抗氧化劑、細粉狀聚合物粒子(諸如聚酯、耐綸及聚丙烯)及穩定劑(諸如熱或UV穩定劑)。另外，可添加色素及/或染料以改變背襯、黏著劑或兩者之顏色。產生黑色或白色膠帶之色素或染料有時較佳。
黏著膠帶
黏著膠帶之黏著層以及彈性背襯通常為高度可延伸的。拉取膠帶使黏著膠帶伸長或拉伸。拉伸會減小在第一基材與第二基材之間之區域中之黏著膠帶的體積，且促進黏著膠帶自一個或兩個基材釋放。若黏著層具有足夠黏結強度、若黏著層比黏附至基材更強地黏附至背 襯層及若黏著膠帶可足夠伸長以減小其在基材之間的體積，而不斷裂或急速返回至其原始位置或尺寸，則拉取突出片可自兩個基材釋放黏著層。拉伸之黏著膠帶可自兩個基材之間移除，兩個基材可分離，或兩者皆可。黏著膠帶通常可在第一方向上拉伸至少50%(通常，第一方向為縱向，且長度可增加至少50%)，而在拉伸釋放條件下不斷裂或拉斷。
與先前技術之拉伸可撕下之膠帶不同，在本發明之黏著膠帶上不需要突出片來促進或起始拉伸釋放。使用者僅僅在沿黏合平面之方向上拉取本發明之黏著膠帶來拉伸釋放。
當本發明之黏著膠帶沿主軸拉伸且自基材釋放時，大於90%之先前與黏著劑接觸之基材表面不含黏著劑殘留物。較佳地，在黏著膠帶沿主軸拉伸且自基材釋放之後，實質上無黏著劑殘留物保持於基材上。
基材
本發明之黏著膠帶可用於將各種基材黏附至其自身或黏附至其他基材。例示性基材包括金屬及金屬合金，諸如不鏽鋼、鋅；陶瓷，諸如玻璃；及聚合物，諸如聚醚碸、聚碳酸酯(例如，以「LEXAN」商標銷售之彼等聚碳酸酯)、聚醯胺(通常稱為耐綸)、芳族聚醯胺(例如，以「KEVLAR」商標銷售之彼等芳族聚醯胺)、聚己內醯胺、聚對苯二甲酸伸乙酯(例如，以「MYLAR」商標銷售之彼等聚對苯二甲酸伸乙酯)、聚醚醚酮、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚醯亞胺(例如，以「KAPTON」商標銷售之彼等聚醯亞胺)、聚苯、聚胺基甲酸酯(例如，以「ESTANE」商標銷售之彼等聚胺基甲酸酯)、聚甲醛、縮醛(例如，以「DELRIN」商標銷售之彼等縮醛)、聚苯乙烯、聚異丁烯、聚丙烯及聚乙烯。
實例 測試方法 PSA黏著力量測
遵循ASTM D3330，使用一片層壓至2密耳(0.051 mm)厚之鋁片的1吋(2.5 cm)寬之膠帶進行180度剝離測試。將該構造層壓至2吋(5.1 cm)×5吋(12.7 cm)×1/8吋(0.32 cm)之不鏽鋼基材。將樣本安裝於拉力試驗機中，以使得底部夾爪固持不鏽鋼基材之一端，且頂部夾爪固持180°環狀層壓鋁膠帶端。製備兩組三個膠帶樣本。一組樣本在層壓之後在15分鐘停留時間後經歷剝離測試。另一組在層壓之後測試72小時。使用來自MTS Systems Corporation,Eden Prairie,Minnesota之MTS-Insight Electromechanical 30 kN延伸長度拉力測試設備進行剝離測試。黏著力值以oz/in為單位。
背襯伸長率量測
使用ASTM D638-10之修改版本進行對背襯之伸長率量測。啞鈴之樣本尺寸如下：全長(LO)為4.5吋(11.4 cm)，全寬為0.75吋(1.9 cm)，狹窄段之寬度(W)為0.25吋(0.64 cm)且狹窄段之長度(L)為1.25吋(3.18 cm)。使用與用於PSA黏著力量測相同之拉力測試設備進行伸長率測試。將拉力測試設備之夾爪安裝至啞鈴，以使得夾爪之間的距離為2吋(5.1 cm)。延伸速率為2吋/分鐘(5.1 cm/min)。伸長率之報告值為斷裂伸長率%。
拉伸釋放量測
使用4.5 lb(2.0 kg)之橡膠輥，用手將0.5吋(1.3 cm)寬×約5吋(12.7 cm)長之膠帶樣本層壓至2吋(5.1 cm)×5吋(12.7 cm)×1/8吋(0.32 cm)之不鏽鋼基材。用手藉由提起膠帶之一個邊緣遠離基材，且接著與基材之平面成30°角度拉取，直至膠帶經由拉伸釋放機構自基材移除為止，由此將膠帶自基材移除。接著觀測先前與黏著劑接觸之基材表面的殘留黏著劑。若大於90%之先前與黏著劑接觸之基材表面不含黏著 劑殘留物，則樣本通過測試。
背襯1之製備
使用可購自DSM Xplore,Geleen,The Netherlands之DSM 15cc微型混料機(Micro-Compounder)製備背襯1。稱出15 g Pebax 3533且接著倒入混料機之漏斗中。混料機之六個區皆設置為190℃。混料機rmp設置為50 rpm，且混料機經組態以同向旋轉模式運轉。擠出物收集於盤中，在其中將其冷卻且固化。使用具有10密耳(0.25 mm)間隙之經加熱9吋(22.9 cm)寬缺口刮棒塗佈機來製備膜樣本。將收集之擠出物放置在兩個聚矽氧釋放襯墊之間，每一襯墊為3密耳(0.076 mm)厚，該 等襯墊係放置於塗佈機之床身上。材料在塗佈機上加熱至至少200℃。一旦擠出物熔化，即拉取樹脂及襯墊穿過缺口刮棒間隙，產生具有4密耳(0.10 mm)厚度之16吋(40.6 cm)×9吋(22.9 cm)膜樣本。
背襯2之製備
背襯2係類似於背襯1製備，不同之處在於：在倒入混料機之漏斗中之前，在容器中預先摻混7.65 g之Pebax 3533及7.35 g之SP-560。
背襯3之製備
背襯3係類似於背襯2製備，不同之處在於：在容器中預先摻混7.95 g之Pebax 3533及7.05 g之SP-560。
背襯4之製備
背襯4係類似於背襯2製備，不同之處在於：在容器中預先摻混10.8 g之Pebax 3533及4.2 g之Hytrel 4056。
背襯5之製備
背襯5係類似於背襯2製備，不同之處在於：在容器中預先摻混6.35 g之Pebax 3533、2.52 g之Hytrel 4056及6.14 g之SP-560。
背襯6之製備
背襯6係類似於背襯2製備，不同之處在於：在容器中預先摻混6.62 g之Pebax 3533、2.61 g之Hytrel 4056及5.78 g之SP-560。
背襯7之製備
背襯7係類似於背襯2製備，不同之處在於：在容器中預先摻混6.14 g之Pebax 3533、2.43 g之Hytrel 4056、5.93 g之SP-560及0.51 g之SMA-3000P。
背襯8之製備
背襯8係類似於背襯2製備，不同之處在於：在容器中預先摻混6.38 g之Pebax 3533、2.52 g之Hytrel 4056、5.58 g之SP-560及0.53 g之SMA-3000P。
背襯9之製備
背襯9為市售4密耳(0.10 mm)膜，其係以商標名稱「3M Thermal Bonding Film 668」購自3M Company。
用手將一片PSA層壓至背襯來製備實例。將一片黏著性轉移膠帶切割成與背襯大小類似的大小。使用4.5 lb(2.0 kg)橡膠輥，將暴露之PSA轉移膠帶表面層壓至背襯。表1指示所檢查之特定背襯-PSA組合物。使用以上描述之測試方法，量測各實例之PSA與背襯之黏著力、背襯之斷裂伸長率及拉伸釋放行為。結果展示於表1中。

Claims (20)

  1. 一種黏著膠帶，其包含：(a)彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面，該背襯包含(i)共聚物，其係選自由以下各物組成之群：聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合，及(ii)以該背襯之總重量計約20 wt%至60 wt%之增黏劑，且其中該背襯具有大於500%之斷裂伸長率；及(b)丙烯酸酯壓敏黏著劑，其安置於該背襯之該第一表面及該第二表面中之至少一者上，其中當將該物品安置於基材上時，該物品能夠沿第一方向拉伸且自該基材釋放。
  2. 如請求項1之黏著膠帶，其中該黏著膠帶不包括用於起始該拉伸之突出片。
  3. 如請求項1之黏著膠帶，其中在該黏著膠帶沿主軸拉伸且自該基材釋放之後，大於90%之先前與該黏著劑接觸之該基材表面不含黏著劑殘留物。
  4. 如請求項1之黏著膠帶，其中在該黏著膠帶沿主軸拉伸且自該基材釋放之後，實質上無黏著劑殘留物保留於該基材上。
  5. 如請求項1之黏著膠帶，其中該背襯具有大於800%之斷裂伸長率。
  6. 如請求項1之黏著膠帶，其中該增黏劑係選自由以下各物組成之群：萜烯樹脂、萜烯酚樹脂、芳族改質之萜烯樹脂、香豆酮-茚樹脂、天然松香樹脂、改質松香、甘油酯松香、異戊四醇酯松香、烯丙酚甲醛樹脂、二甲苯甲醛樹脂、苯乙烯樹脂、二環戊二烯樹脂及其混合物。
  7. 如請求項6之黏著膠帶，其中該增黏劑係選自由以下各物組成之 群：萜烯樹脂、萜烯酚樹脂、芳族改質之萜烯樹脂及其混合物。
  8. 一種物品，其包含：(a)第一基材；(b)黏著膠帶，其黏附至該第一基材，該黏著膠帶包含(1)彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面，該背襯包含：(i)共聚物，其係選自由以下各物組成之群：聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合；及(ii)以該背襯之總重量計約20 wt%至60 wt%之增黏劑，且其中該背襯具有大於500%之斷裂伸長率；及(2)丙烯酸酯壓敏黏著劑，其安置於該背襯之該第一表面及該第二表面中之至少一者上。
  9. 如請求項8之物品，其中該基材係選自由以下各物組成之群：金屬、玻璃及聚合物。
  10. 如請求項8之物品，其進一步包含第二基材，且其中該黏著膠帶包含在該彈性背襯之該第一表面及該第二表面上之丙烯酸酯黏著劑，且其中該黏著膠帶係夾在該第一基材與該第二基材之間且黏附至該第一基材及該第二基材。
  11. 如請求項8之物品，其中該黏著膠帶不包括用於起始拉伸之突出片。
  12. 如請求項8之物品，其中在該黏著膠帶沿主軸拉伸且自該基材釋放之後，大於90%之先前與該黏著劑接觸之該基材表面不含黏著劑殘留物。
  13. 如請求項8之物品，其中在該黏著膠帶沿主軸拉伸且自該第一基材釋放之後，實質上無黏著劑殘留物保留於該第一基材上。
  14. 如請求項8之物品，其中該背襯具有大於800%之斷裂伸長率。
  15. 如請求項8之物品，其中該增黏劑係選自由以下各物組成之群：萜烯樹脂、萜烯酚樹脂、芳族改質之萜烯樹脂、香豆酮-茚樹脂、天然松香樹脂、改質松香、甘油酯松香、異戊四醇酯松香、烯丙酚甲醛樹脂、二甲苯甲醛樹脂、苯乙烯樹脂、二環戊二烯樹脂及其混合物。
  16. 如請求項15之物品，其中該增黏劑係選自由以下各物組成之群：萜烯樹脂、萜烯酚樹脂、芳族改質之萜烯樹脂及其混合物。
  17. 一種耦合及解耦合基材之堆疊之方法，該方法包含以下步驟：(a)提供第一基材及第二基材；(b)將黏著膠帶黏附在該第一基材與該第二基材之間，從而將該第一基材及該第二基材耦合成該堆疊，該黏著膠帶包含：(1)彈性背襯，其具有相對之第一表面及第二表面，該背襯包含(i)共聚物，其係選自由以下各物組成之群：聚醚-聚酯、聚醚-聚醯胺及其組合；及(ii)以該背襯之總重量計約20 wt%至60 wt%之增黏劑，且其中該背襯具有大於500%之斷裂伸長率；及(2)丙烯酸酯壓敏黏著劑，其安置於該背襯之該第一表面及該第二表面上；(c)將該堆疊加熱至該膠帶黏著劑之軟化溫度；(d)自該堆疊移除該第一基材以暴露該黏著膠帶；及(e)沿該黏著膠帶之長度拉取該黏著膠帶以自該第二基材拉伸釋放該黏著膠帶。
  18. 如請求項17之耦合及解耦合基材之堆疊之方法，其中在該黏著膠帶沿其長度拉取且自該第二基材釋放之後，大於90%之先前與該黏著劑接觸之該基材表面不含黏著劑殘留物。
  19. 如請求項17之耦合及解耦合基材之堆疊之方法，其中在該黏著膠帶沿其長度拉取且自該第二基材釋放之後，實質上無黏著劑殘留物保留於該基材上。
  20. 如請求項17之耦合及解耦合基材之堆疊之方法，其中該增黏劑係選自由以下各物組成之群：萜烯樹脂、萜烯酚樹脂、芳族改質之萜烯樹脂、香豆酮-茚樹脂、天然松香樹脂、改質松香、甘油酯松香、異戊四醇酯松香、烯丙酚甲醛樹脂、二甲苯甲醛樹脂、苯乙烯樹脂、二環戊二烯樹脂及其混合物。
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