TW201246825A - Neighbor scanning in wireless local area networks - Google Patents
Neighbor scanning in wireless local area networks Download PDFInfo
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- TW201246825A TW201246825A TW101125691A TW101125691A TW201246825A TW 201246825 A TW201246825 A TW 201246825A TW 101125691 A TW101125691 A TW 101125691A TW 101125691 A TW101125691 A TW 101125691A TW 201246825 A TW201246825 A TW 201246825A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
- H04W36/0061—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of neighbour cell information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
- H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/005—Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
- H04W48/12—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using downlink control channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
- H04W92/20—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between access points
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Description
201246825 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大體上是關於無線區域網路(WLAN),本發明尤其是關於一種鄰 近存取點(APs)之掃猫方法。 【先前技術】 WLAN因為其便利和彈性而變得越來越受歡迎,當此類網路新的應用被 開發出來時’他們的普及化便預期會顯著增加。一個大有可為的領域便是 網際網路语音協定(V〇IP,V〇iCe 〇ver pr〇t〇c〇i)的使用,且當 Ι· 使用者是行動用戶時,在鄰接^ΑΝ部署區域中對無縫隙服務連續性支援(亦
I 即:遞交(handover))的需求也逐漸增加。 在8〇2.U標準中,站台(STAs)可使用兩種不同的模式以識別APs:主 動掃賴式以及被動掃瞒模式韻所使㈣是絲掃_式或是被動掃猫 模式,通常是由其_設定所決定’實作上兩麵式都有在使用。在主動 掃晦鮮式中,STA選擇-鮮頻道並傳輸—探測請求訊框(prQbe Re_t frame) ’接著等定的時㈣接收探測請求訊框形式之回應。當基礎服 務集合(職)在級_谢猶時,娜崎輕框典是由該Ap 發送。在此情況下’若STA在一定時間後並未接收到探測請求訊框,則其 調整到一個新的頻率並重複此程序。 表被動掃猫模式中,STA試著藉由調整頻率且監 聽一定時間,以找出 —特定頻率頻道上娜的存在,以便《定的軸隔中由該AP捕捉 峨廣播。在娜^ STA卜細彳_細信標訊框廣 信標播, 201246825 則其調整到-個新的頻率並重複此程序。 .γ曰h、、皮軸輕,⑽可知道在哪個鮮賴可能伽彳候選APs, 二、广實知道鄰近Ap何時會發送信標訊框。典型地,信標訊框係於預 固疋時間間&中發送,例如··每ι〇〇贴,在最差情況下省調整到目 痛率且必須等待至少_ ms,直到一信標訊框發生為止。當飢僅有— 個接收器的情況下,立太接相 八在售頻率上進行的服務會遭受中斷,同時STA會在 目標頻率上執行被動掃瞄。 在WLAN上執仃-個有效率的遞交必須包含數個需求,例如:用以遞 交之適當候選APs之識別和測量,似認證的建立以及在目標Ap中的安全 内容,重新結合該目標AP,以及傳輸該f料鍊結至該目標Ap。 議傳統上並以提供完全無_行較制目·展,-個現行 LAN參統的問題便疋由該STA騎當候選Aps的識別和測量是個冗長的程 序’且可能持續數百毫秒,此之外,STA行為並未良好的描述,且測量程 序的持續_可因二廠所選擇的;j;同執行方法而大大的不同。 参了避免被使用者中斷重要服務,舉例來說,在執行v〇ip呼叫期間, 遞交程序需要快速地執行(服務中斷時間典型地不應超過數十至數百毫 秘)。除此之外,STA測量和識別鄰近候選Aps之程序不應以任何顯著的方 法衝輋到正在進行服務的表現。 因此,便有需要改善被動掃瞄模式的效能,使得被動模式的使用可同 時確保服務的連續性和無縫隙遞交,尤其是在v〇IP方面。 201246825 ί發明内容】 本發明包賴於傳_隔之方法、雜發送機_及時序資訊以及 鄰近候選A?s之排程。該ΑΡ發送關於鄰近候選APs之時序資訊至該似, 接著STA便能使用時序資訊以排程其調整至該目標頻率,並且在最小時間 中執行該目標AP之識別和測量。 再鄰近候選APs之時序資訊可使用廣播/多重廣播形式之訊框(舉例來 說包含在信標錄巾)’或是單—廣獅式之㈣存取控制()訊框送至 STAs。除此之外’包含時序資訊之資訊元件⑽可在管理訊框中發送, 或是气負在MAC控制或資料訊框上發送。 一種在一 WLAN中鄰近掃瞄的方法,該礼他具有一 STA,一第一妙連 結至該STA’以及一第二AP。由產生關於該第二处所發送之一信標信號的 時序資訊開始,該時序資訊係由該第一 AP向該STA報告,該STA基於該時 序資訊排程一時間,以監聽由該第二AP傳輪之信標信號。 —種在一 WLAN中鄰近掃瞄的系統,其包含一 STA,一第一 Ap連結至 該STA,以及一第二AP。該STA包含一第一時序資訊裝置、一排程裝置, 其配聋以接收來自該第一時序資訊裝置之時序資訊、以及一接收器,用以 接收通訊信號且能由該排程裝置所控制。該第一 Ap包含一第二時序資訊裝 置,其發送時序資訊至在該STA中之該第一時序資訊裝置。該第二AP包含 一信號傳輸裝置’用以傳輸一信標信號,其中該時序資訊係關於該信標信 號。 【實施方式】 此後’專用術語「站台(STA)」包含但並未限制於一無線傳輸/接收單 201246825 7L、-使用者設備、—行動站台、—固定或行動用戶單元、_呼叫器或可 在-無線環境下操作之任何形式之裝置。當本文此後提到專用術語「存取 點(AP)」其包去但立未限制於一基地台、一節點b、—站台控制器或是在 無線環境下任何形式的介面裝置。 本發明包含關於鄰近候選APS之傳輪間隔的時序資訊,典型地係為信 標訊框傳輸時間,由何處發送至—STA,以改善被動掃贿式的效率。 蹿AP發送關於該鄰近候選APs之時序資訊至該STA,該似接著便能 使用巧時序資訊,以排程其調整至該目標頻率並在—最小時間中識別並測 量該目標AF^ 第1圖所示為用以通訊介於一 STA102、與該STA 1〇2連繫之一 Αρ (Αρι) 104以及-候選Ap (AP2) 1〇6間時序資訊的方法⑽流程圖。在非必要 的第二步驟中’該ST讀向AP1 1G4請求候選AP2⑽之時序資訊(步驟 110)該API 104接著向AP2 106請求時序資訊(步驟⑽。AP2 1〇6向AP1 報。其時序資訊(步驟!⑷’此步驟僅在如果該奶尚未預先獲得奶之時 序資訊才需要;AP1會有附加裝置以獲得辦騎訊(下文討論卜奶向該 STA 102報Q AP2之時序資訊(步驟U6)。該似⑽接著排定時間以調整 至;之頻率以便監聽AP2之信標(步驟118)。 鄰k APs之時序貝訊可包含,舉例來說:信標間隔(信標訊框發生的週 期性)、_目標信銳_輸_、錢絲肢_基_期。關於鄰近 候選AP之時序資訊可以絕對時間參考形式與請通訊(例如:一種類似 「鄰近信標訊框將於時間xyz發生」的時間戳記),或是對於一已知參考點 201246825 的相對時間差(例如指示與由AP1將時序資訊送至該STA之訊框之差距,或 疋與API前次或現行信標訊框之差距)。 由於裝置在傳輸信標前等待任何進行中的傳輸/接收結束的需求下一 個信標訊框之傳輸轉序在舰數毫米讀確度來說是未㈣,因此該Μ 將-預測接收間隔時間(或等價地說,一目標時間加上一不確定保留幅度) 發送至該STA。 提供給STAs之時序資訊總是能由該不確定時期所補充,或是由一特定 法則允許該STA會得該時序資訊及/或該不確树期一般來說,現行的Ap 將不止通知該m魏選AP之信標訊轉比該現行Ap之信標訊框早N個 時間軍位發生,且亦會通知該STA,由於該難以珊的因素,該候選Ap之 h標訊框將在指科間或是時關隔之前M個時間單位及後L個時間單位 内發奏。另-個可能性便是不確定時期不用每次該他提供鱗資訊時就描 述’而是分開發送(舉例來說:透過信標),或是以一特定固定值發送,兩 種方式都能省下信號發送頻寬。 鄭近候選APs之時序資訊可使用徵求性及/或非徵求性廣播/多重廣播 形式訊框(舉絲說,包含於—信標麻巾),献徵祕及/或非徵求性單 一廣播形式MAC訊框(舉例來說,在連結回應訊框(Ass。— __ ames)重新連結回應说框(Reass〇ciati〇n如印抓记汁挪的)、或是探 測響處訊框巾)送至STAs。包含時耗訊㈣訊元件(IEs)能在(或部分在) MAC官理訊框中發送,或是背負在控制或資料訊框上發送。通訊時序訊 息至該STAs亦可包含使用層間服務原始方式(例如MAC 〇實體層(PHY) 201246825 〇 ST.A管理實體(SME〕)以在包含發送祖:<言號發送訊框、測量活動等活動 上初始、確認及回報。 鄰近候選APs之時序資訊可在一特定AP以數種方法產生,包含:該 AP使用網路端發送信號以擷取鄰近Aps之時序資訊、該处使用其自身的鄰 近AP忌測量、該AP使用來自STA測量的報告' 或是該Ap在網路上使用一 般的時序裝置。 在網路端發送信號方面,該APS透過將APs連接在一起的分散式系統, 交換關於其信標之傳輸時間訊息。有數種可能的網路端信號發送執行方 式’例如卜AP廣播關於其信標傳輸時序之資訊至所有在分散式系統上的 APs、或是AP像另-個AP財信標時序資訊,而另一個Ap則透過分散式 系統回應。或者該AP可詢問網路時序資料庫,例如較佳地以作為中央控制 或區域網路管理實體之—部份的方式來實現,以獲得關於其鄰近奶之現 行時序資訊。 备該AP使用其自身的鄰近奶測量時,該測量從監聽其他奶之信 ‘尤則量該信標之傳輸時間,根據該信標傳輸間隔,該測量AP可推斷大 約的未來傳輸時間。當鄰近APs使用與該測量Ap相同的頻率頻道時,此方 法才有用,要不然此方法將需要該測量Ap不時調整至其他頻率頻道以便其 月匕監聽信標,這是個較不吸引人的解決方案。 在該AP使用來自STA測量之報告方面,STAs報告對等Ap監聽到來自 鄰近AP(S)之信標的次數,其係包含信標傳輸間隔、鄰近之識別以及該 鄰近AP之時峨記。該對等Ap可使用此絕對和相關的時間參考組合以獲 201246825 取時序資訊’該對等AP儲存此資訊於記憶體中,且推斷這些APs之信標大 約的未來傳輸時間。 當一STA.進入一 BSS時,其能在該連結請求訊框、重新連結請求訊框 或是疼測請求訊框中設立-個旗標。該旗標是用以指示該STA想要在對應 的連結明求雜、㈣連結請求訊框或是探麟求訊框巾接收—瓣近報 。元件’該旗標能以數種方式執行,舉例來說,可為一個簡單位元旗標或 疋個IE,其包含多個值指示STA欲從該Ap賴取的資訊形式。該鄰近報 0^^J5]^-^^(TSF, timing synchronization function) -襴位其包含TSF偏差值以及一鄰近Ap之信標間隔值。該偏差 值係以時序單位表封TUs),其舉例來說且孩—般性為—鮮長度,且係 為介於該對等AP和在關於該對等处之T[Js中表示的鄰近Ap間之時序偏 差。該信標間賊可在-較佳實施方式料失-般財表示為-目標作標 «aH1(TBTT, target ^〇η transfflissi〇n ^ 设值100 ms。 關於鄰近候選APs之時序資訊可在一 Ap管理資訊基礎_中儲存、 子取或配置。該MIB可為-MAC層聽或是一 m層細。 鄰近^圖和第3圖所示為兩種實施方式。在第2圖中,當該做只刀該 之信標訊框大約的抵達時間時,如果知道時序資訊的話’似 力時序η的話可能會降到一完全信標間隔(典贱為⑽邮)。 3圖中所示為當在不同頻道掃猫數個Aps時所提出方㈣益。 201246825 典型地’當使用時序資訊時,該STA可根據該信標訊框之發勝建立—排程, 且在一單一或數個信標間隔中測量所有的信標訊框。反之,如果不使用時 序資訊的話’必須請求數個信標間隔。在第3圖中所示的「不確定性間隔」 提到,由於與其他傳輸區別的需要,關於該信標傳輸的確切時間。 上述的方法適用於IEEE 802.11基礎的WLANs,且尤其是以802. iir (快 速BSS傳輸)、802· Us (延伸服務集(ESS)網)、8〇2仙(無線資源測量) 以及802. lln (兩產能札an)為基礎的WLANs。這些方法亦適用於其他無線 網路形式。 第4圖所示為用以通訊介於一 STA402、一與STA 402聯繫之AP (API) 404及一候選处(AP2) 406間時序資訊之系統棚。當時序資訊由Ap2經 坪弋’.周路傳至時,可使用本系統4〇〇。該sta 402包含一時序資訊 裝置410、一排程裝置412、-接收器414以及-天線416。AP1 404包含 時序-貝訊裝置42G。該AP2 4G6包含-時序資訊裝置430、-信標傳輸裝 置432以及一天線434。 u系統400係如下運作。在非必要的第一步驟中,該似4〇2藉由時 =貝訊製置410向在肥404上的時序資訊裝置42〇發送請求,請求候選 6之時序資訊。該API 1〇4接著分別透過時序資訊裝置及時序資 。30接收關於AP2 406之時序資訊。如同前文參照第i圖所述,Apl 4〇4可以不同方式接收關於該AP2 406之時序資訊。 在AP2 406巾,該信標傳輸裝置432經由天線434傳輸其信標,且通 5 . 以傳輸劍§才示至該時序資訊裝置伽。該時序資訊係由該時 201246825 序資訊裝置·送至在AP1 404中的時序資訊裂置·。Αρι侧由該時序 資訊裝置420魏該AP2權之時序資訊至在該STA衡巾的時序資訊裝 置 41Ci。_ -旦該STA 402接收該ΑΡ2 406之時序資訊,該時序資訊係由該時序 資訊裝置410傳至該排程裝置412 ’該排程裝置412蚊該似術將於何 時調整其接收器414以掃瞄並接收來自AP2 406之信標傳輸。 谭管本發明之特徵和耕皆於實施例中以特雜合方式所描述,但實 施例中每一特徵或元件能獨自使用(不需與較佳實施方式之其他特徵或元 件組合),或是與/不與本發明之其他特徵和元件做不同之組合。 t圖式簡單說明】 第1圖所示為一種用以通訊介於STA、與該STA聯繫之舴以及候選仆之間 時序資訊之方法流程圖; 第2 _所示為掃猫一候選ap之時序圖; 第3圖所示為掃瞄N個頻道之時序圖;以及 第4圖所示為一種用以通訊介於STA、與該STA聯繫之AP以及候選AP之間 時序資訊之系統圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1〇〇 流程圖 400 . 系統 416、434 天線 STA 站台 AP 存取點
Claims (1)
- 201246825 七、申讀專利範圍: 1.存取點方法,其包含: 一傳輪器,配置以傳送信號; 广接收器,配置以接受信號;以及 一時序資訊裝置,其配置以: 從與該存取點相關的一站台接收一時序資訊請求; 接收藉著一第二存取點傳送之一信標信號之時序資訊,其中該時 序資訊包含姆於—已知參考時狀-時間差以傳輪該信標信號 ,以及該 時間差為一時間單位之一偏差;以及 向該站台報告該時序資訊。 2.如申請專利範圍第丨項所述之存取點,信號,由該第二存取點接收該時 其中該時序資訊是一探 點’其中藉由網路端發送一重新連結回應訊框, 元件。 點’其中在以下任一者中 [心訊樞’―探嶋求赌,—連結回應 或一媒體存取控制(mac)訊框中之資訊 5.如申請專利範圍第4項所述之存取 管叙子形式。 6·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之存取 其中該MAC訊框為一 其中該時序資訊裝置進 12 201246825 一步配置以由該第二存取點請求時序資訊。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之存取點,其中時序資訊裝置進〜 步配置以從其他與該存取點相關的站台請求信標測量,該信標測量包含 時序資訊。 8. —穆存取點,其包含: 一信標傳輸裝置,配置以: 傳輸一信標信號;以及 產生關於該信標信號之時序資訊,其中該時序資訊包含相對於一 已知參考時間之一時間差以傳輸該信標信號,以及該時間差為一時間單位 之一偏差;以及 :一時序資訊裝置,配置以: 從該信標傳輸裝置接收時序資訊;以及 將該時序資訊報告至另一存取點。 9. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之存取點,其中該聘序資訊裝置是 配置以藉由網路端發送信號而將該時序資訊報告至另一存取點。 10. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之存取點,其中該時序資訊裝置進 一步配置以從另一存取點接收一時序資訊請求。 13
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