SU858651A1 - Method of forming meadow garden - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR FORMING THE MEADOW GARDEN

one

The invention relates to agriculture, namely fruit growing, and can be applied in the formation of a garden-type garden.

There is a known method of cultivating fruit plants in a meadow garden, which consists in planting dwarf rootstocks and their subsequent budding, and developed shoots are mown on a stump 3-4 cm high after fruiting 1.

However, this method does not allow to obtain shoots of the same strength of growth and Q requires additional costs for growth stimulants. In addition, the cost of removing fat shoots.

The known method of creating a meadow garden with a single horizontal trunk is that the seedlings on a full-grown seedling are planted obliquely, bent to a horizontal position and interconnected into a single row by means of abstracting or twisting the top around the shtamba next to a growing tree. Sadlug 2 is created on the horizontal trunk that forms.

The disadvantage of this method is that it can be used for landing.

only seedlings. This is inexpedient, since it takes 2 years to grow them, and the output of seedlings from 1 hectare of a nursery can provide no more than 2 hectares of the garden.

In addition, with the existing method, shoots are formed along the length of the horizontal stem, which differ greatly in thickness and height, depending on their location on the trunk (as a result of a large difference in the thickness of the seedling along its length). In the lower part of the seedling, in the bend zone, a lot of fat shoots grow, which take nutrients and weaken the growth of shoots grown in the upper part of the seedling. To equalize the shoots in terms of growth, additional expenses are needed for the use of growth stimulants and for the annual removal of fat shoots. At the same time, wounds are formed in the lower part of the tree, which further impede the normal supply of nutrients, weaken growth and reduce the durability of the trees, as well as reduce the productivity of the trees.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield and reduce labor costs.

The goal is achieved by planting seedlings directly in the garden to seed and, when the growth reaches 20-40 cm in the occulus, they pinch the top of the side branches and leave two with a biological angle of obliquity, growing in opposite directions in the direction of the row, and the remaining shoots when the shoots reach the required length, they are given a horizontal position and connected to the shoots of neighboring trees throughout the whole row.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a sapling formed according to the proposed method; in fig. 2 - a general view of the row with a single horizontal trunk.

In schemes 1 and 2 - side branches, 3 - trunk.

The method is carried out as follows.

In early spring, they plant their rootstocks in a permanent place in the garden according to a scheme, for example, see. In August they cultivate them in a known manner with eyes of a cultivar. In the second year, when an increase of not less than 20 cm is achieved in the occults, they pinch the tops. From the lateral branches, two with a biological obtuse angle of emergence are left, growing in opposite directions in the direction of a row, and the steel shoots are removed to the ring. At the end of the growing season, semi-indicators of growth and development of shoots, depending on the method of formation

Famous Melba M4 Suggested Melba M4

Wagner

Same prize

Experimental data shows that the method of forming a horizontal stem did not affect the total number of shoots, but had a significant impact on the quality. If the proposed method for the length of the horizontal trunk almost all shoots had flower buds, then

A seedling with two skeletal branches without a central conductor (Fig. 1). When the skeletal branches reach the required length (35-50 cm) in the fall or spring of the next year, they are given a horizontal position and connected to the branches of neighboring trees throughout the row, thereby creating a single horizontal trunk.

Example. Vegetatively propagated rootstocks of Ml 4 were planted in the spring according to the scheme 90X70 cm. Budding was carried out on August 18-20 by the variety Melb and Wagner. In the second year, when the growth of the oculum was reached, 20 cm were pinching the tops. As a result, from three shoots appeared. When the shoots reached 10–15 cm, two were selected each with a biological obtuse angle of emergence, growing in opposite directions in the direction of the row, the remaining shoots were removed onto the ring. In September, when the shoots reached 40–50 cm, they were given a horizontal position and connected to the branches of neighboring trees across the whole row, creating a horizontal trunk. In parallel, trees of the cultivars Melba and Wagner were raised prize-winning and by a known method.

The results of the test showed that the shoots grown on the horizontal trunk differed significantly depending on the method of forming the meadow garden (Table 1). state farm

15 t 2

5 ± 2 15 ± 2 13 ± 2

16 ± 3

15 12

the length of the trunk by a known method, only a limited number of shoots from the total number laid flower buds. In this case, with the known method, additional techniques were used, limiting the strong growth of fat shoots in the bending zone. Table 1 horizontal trunk Kriul ny, 1978

The yield of the meadow garden, depending on the method of formation

Kriul nyhoz, 1979

Famous

Proposed

Also

The formation of a meadow garden by the proposed method makes it possible to use the stock for planting on a permanent place directly in the garden. At the same time, there is no need for the first and second fields of the nursery, which reduces the cost of growing the garden and creates more favorable conditions for the growth and development of the trees, due to the lower density of the trees standing in the garden than the seedlings in the nursery also eliminates damage root system when transplanting.

In addition, the proposed method of forming a meadow garden contributes to a more even distribution of nutrients along the horizontal stem and balanced growth of the shoots. At the same time, additional annual costs for the use of growth stimulants and the removal of fat shoots are eliminated, instead of which shoots that are capable of planting flower buds grow, and thus no wounds are caused to the trunk. This makes it possible to increase the productivity and durability of plantations. A preliminary calculation of economic efficiency shows that the effect of using the proposed method of forming a meadow garden will amount to an average of 2,200 rubles per hectare garden per year.

table 2

88 ± 7

156 ± 12

184 ± 13

Claims (2)

1. USSR author's certificate number 674725, cl. A 01 G 1/00, 1978. 2. Kudr vtsev R. P., M gkova T. About the possibility of growing blon on a strong-growing stock by type of garden-meadow in the Moscow region. Sat scientific works of NIISNP, "Fruit and Year of the Nonchernozem Zone, 1977, v. 10, p. 47-56. 2 iuz.l /// X Y // XS //// Y /// // AU // AU / w. g, g