SU616629A1 - Microprogramme-control device - Google Patents

Description

(54) FIRMWARE CONTROL DEVICE

The invention relates to automation and computer engineering and can be used as a device for determining the most common purpose, for example, as a control device for t-terminal equipment of automated control systems.

I will report the firmware of the lanyard, allowing to reduce the size of the memory block (word size of the permanent storage device) 1.

However, in this device, microcommands from the memory block are read at constant time intervals (ticks), determined by the duration of the longest micro-operation. Therefore, when performing micro-operations of short duration, the output signals of the microprocessor control device do not cause any actions for a large part of the cycle, which reduces the speed of the device operation.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a firmware control device containing a microprogram memory block, an address register, a microinstructions register, the inputs of the microprogram memory block being connected to the outputs of the address register, whose information input is connected to the device input, information outputs of the memory block These microprograms are connected to the information inputs of the microinstructions register (2J.

The known device makes it possible to vary the length of the microprogram cycle in accordance with the actual execution time of the microcommand. The duration of the cycle can be

increased due to the backfire signal, which reads the address of the ROM in the automatic register, at a delay of nmim, the outputs of which are switched by the control unit of the duration of the microprogram cycle.

However, this device is characterized

Claims (2)

the complexity of the scheme and limited functionality, due to the fact that the formation of universal delay lines (especially sectional with fixed section delays) with given iominali but in advance anticipates the possible (but not real) range of changes in clock durations. In addition, with large delays (more than 1–2 µs), the holding lines are large. The aim of the invention is a single device. This is achieved by the fact that the microprogramming pusher device introduces a controlled generator of rectangular pulses, an installation forming unit (signals, the inputs of the controlled generator 1 of motor pulses connected to the control outputs of the memory block of the microphragm, the first output of the rectangular generator of rectangular pulses connected to the control input of the address register, the installation input in O of which is connected to the first output of the installation sigal generation unit, the input of the Cottish is connected to the control input p the microinstructions gistra and the second output of the controlled generator of gf coagonal pulses, the second output of the installation signal generating unit is connected to the installation input in register O of the microinstructions, the output of which is connected to the output of the device; Fig. 2 is a diagram of a controlled generator of rectangular pulses; Fig. 3 is a time diagram of the operation of the device. The device contains a block of microprogram memory 1, a register of 2 microcommands, a register of 3 addresses, a controlled generator 4 rectangular pulses; block 5 of forming setup signals. The outputs 6 and 7 of the reduced generator 4 rectangular pulses are connected corresponding to the input register 3 of the address and the input of the unit 5 forming setting signals, outputs 8 and 9 of which are connected respectively to the inputs of the installation of the register 3 of the address and register 2 microcommands. In addition, the output 7 of the controlled oscillator 4 rectangular pulses is directly connected to the input of the register 2 micro-instructions, which are allowed to output information from this register to the operating circuits (for example, a computer). Block 1 of the memory of microinstructions, representing a ROM, inputs are connected to the register of 3 addresses. Outputs 10 memory block. the microprograms corresponding to the operating and address parts of the microcommands are connected to the inputs of the register 2 of microinstructions, and the outputs 11 corresponding to the code of the duration of the cycle to the inputs of the controlled generator 4 1f the comm pulse. The input of the device, which receives the address of the following microcommand, is connected to the inputs 12 of the register 3 addresses; output wounds, signals from which enter operating circuits (nagfimer, computer), are removed from 13 registers (5a microcommands. Unedable rectangular impulses can be performed either on the basis of de; i1sl impulse frequency with a time division factor or tia to the base of a multivibrator with digitally utaflirovanie in accordance with the proposed scheme (see. Fig. 2), which contains the transistors 14, the time setting capacitors 15, 16, the time setting resistors 17, collector resistors 18, charge diodes 19, discharge diodes 20. Prinsh11 his work It consists of a digital change in the P1I pause interval between ;; the pulses taken from output 6. The duration of the pulses at output 6 is constant, determined by the required reading time of the microcommand from the I module of the microprofessional memory, and set by time by the setting resistor 17 and time by the setting capacitor 16 The duration of the pause between output pulses at output 6 is determined by the maximum actual execution time of each microcommand in operational circuits (eg, computer), and is varied by switching the time of setting capacitors 15 via charge s diodes 19, Ra: f d n} capacitors 15 :) oiskhodit The discharge through the diodes 20. The time discharge determines the duration of the pause. The principle of operation of the device lies in the fact that the operation cycle of the microprogram control device in general is divided into a micro tact clock :. TI - reading microcommands from block 1 of the microprogram memory, containing –– in register 3 addresses, in register 2 microinstructions, Tj –– setting in O register 3 addresses; Tj - deciphering microcommand fields, performing microoperations in operational circuits, forming logical conditions for moving to the next microcommand, finding the address of the next microcommand and writing it to the 3 address register; T4 - reset in the O register of 2 microinstructions. Further, this cycle is periodically repeated until the end of the firmware execution. As it is known, the maximum time when microcommands are executed is taken by microtograms T, and Tk-Micrototact time T, is constant and is determined by the reading time of information from microshort memory unit 1, the microtoact time Tj can be changed by calculating the actual time of each microcommand. Each microcommand recorded in microprogram memory 1, consists of three parts: operating, address, and time, the last of the mcc determines the maximum execution time of this microcommand, represented in a double code. This code is necessary to control the length of the pause between (for the pulses of the controlled generator 4 gf of mc pulses at the outputs P. During the pause between the pulses at the output 6 (at the time) and the pulse at the output 7), there are large-scale micro-operations. operational schemes, the formation of logical conditions, the calculation of the c / icayiouicro alres and its recording in peiHcrp a / fes. FIG. 3 G indicates the duration of the time interval during which the microcommand is emitted — microtact Tz, T - / the length of the time interval during which microcomans are read, and 1 from micro memory block 1 of the micro form T microstact - T, G cotist. Consider the start of execution of microcommands, starting from the moment of reading from the microprogram memory block 1, the time ti in FIG. 3. In this case, the register 2 Micro commands is in the zero state. When reading a microcommand, a high potential is set at the control input of the address register 3 (the time interval y) is rewritten into the register of 2 microcommands. At the same time, the code of the time part of the microcommand from the outputs 11 of the microprogram memory unit 1 is fed to the inputs of the controlled generator of 4 rectangular pulses and sets the length of the pause in its next half period (time interval C). On the back edge of a pulse of duration 2 (on the leading edge of a pulse of duration D) produced by the unit of forms of the installation signals, the address register 3 is set to zero (prepared for receiving a new address in the time interval Z) In the time interval tT, the duration of which is controlled by a generator of 4 straight-angle pulses at output 7, the microcommand is executed — a microtogram Tz and the address of the next microcommand is written into the register 3 of the address by input 12. On the falling edge of the pulse, By step C (on the front edge of a pulse of length C), produced by the setup signal generation unit, micro-command register 2 is set to zero and is prepared to write the code of the next micro-command into it. In the process of sweeping the firmware, the processes reviewed are cyclically repeated. Thus, the proposed device allows the implementation of microcommands with a variable tact time, however, instead of a decoder for the w, block, control unit), 1n for the duration of the microprogramming frame, sectional delay line, and the element 1t are NOT entered signals and a controlled generator of rectangular pulses, which have a much simpler circuit than nodes and blocks removed from an external device. In addition, the number of ping connections is significantly reduced, so if the juice of the line in the information device has n outputs, then the number of inputs of the controlled generator of squares and utilities in the proposed device m intbg n, therefore, the m ’n. devices due to the fact that a simple change in the duration of the micrograph clock is provided, for example, by replacing the capacitors in a fully-generated square pulse generator, by switching which you can get virtually any range of n capacitance change, defining the time constant of the master circuit time. The proposed microprogram control unit can be used in general-purpose and specialized computers, in terminal and automatic devices of control systems, in control systems of industrial and technological processes, and in all other cases where it is necessary to make a flexible change of control signals. The microprogram control device containing the microprogram memory block, the address register, the microinstructions register, the inputs of the microprogram memory 3 are connected to the outputs of the address register, whose information input is connected to the input of the device, the microprogram memory information outputs are connected to the register information inputs microinstructions, characterized in that, for the purpose of simplification, a controlled generator of direct I1 pulses, a unit for forming installation signals have been entered into the device The input of the controlled rectangular pulse generator is connected to the control outputs of the microprogram memory unit, the first output of the controlled rectangular pulse generator is connected to the control input of the address register, the installation input of which is connected to the first output of the generator generating signals, the input of which is connected to the control input of the register of microinstructions and with the second output of the controlled generator of rectangular pulses, the second output of the unit for forming installation cischals is connected to the input Om set in the register of microinstructions, the output of which is connected to the output of the device. Source of information infos, taken into account 1FI examination: 1. The author's certificate of the USSR № 439811, cl. G06 F9 / 16.03.04.7 2. 2. Author's certificate CCCPN 467351, cl. G06 F) / 16, 08.25.72. ten / s 1Z one IT fig 1