SU245467A1 - Device for hydrospark treatment of soil - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to soil cultivation methods for improving its structure and increasing the content of nutrition elements in it in a form easily assimilated by plants. These changes in soil properties occur, for example ⁵ under the action of electric discharges on the soil in the liquid.

Known devices for electro-hydraulic tillage, made ₁₀ in the form of a container with at least one pair of electrodes located in it. Volume loaded soil is filled with water, the electrodes are connected to a pulse shaping scheme IU and ₁₅ with their po- power treated soil.

The proposed device differs from the known ones in that the electrodes of each pair are located one after another and the front one is attached to a knife buried 20 into the soil in isolation from it, and the back one is made in the form of a knife.

For supplying water or nutrient solutions to the discharge gap, it is advisable to make the front electrode hollow or provide a tube isolated from it.

This allows you to reduce labor and energy costs, as discharges occur directly in the arable soil layer. To do this, it is enough to mix the electrodes directly in the soil and to supply water to the discharge gap. If there is enough free water in the soil, for example during periods of spring or autumn thaw, in conditions of intensive irrigation, there is no need to supply water.

In FIG. 1 shows a device designed to operate on soils with a high content of free moisture; in FIG. 2 - the same front view; in FIG. 3 device, designed to operate on ordinary soils, side view, - in FIG. 4 section of the soil along the line of cultivation.

On the frame 1 of the device σ, two knives 3 and 4 are fixed by supporting wheels 2. The front one carries an electrode 5 directed to the tip of the rear knife 4, I play

245467 4 plants to stop the flow of the solution and pulses to the working spark gap when he passes these intervals. Planting or sowing of plants can go either simultaneously with the process of electro-hydraulic processing, or separately by conventional means. If desired, cleaning can be included in the process, receiving the role of the second electrode simultaneously and connected by a cable 6 passing in the rack of the knife 3 to the electric pulse generation circuit (not shown in the drawing).

To work in the conditions of slime ust-.

The equipment is equipped with additional supports that increase the area of contact with the soil, for example, in the form of skis 7.

If necessary, the front end of the knives can be equipped with a cultivating soil preparation and planting or sowing nozzle.

When working on soils with a low content of free moisture, it is supplied through the cavity of the front electrode or through an additional pipeline 8 (see Fig. 3). Through the same channels, in necessary cases, the supply of a nutrient solution can be carried out.

As a result of soil cultivation, the upper soil layer 9 (see Fig. 4) is loosened, and the lower 10 is compacted, forming a trough-shaped tray for the fertilized layer 11, inside which there is a discharge zone 12,

Devices of this type can be carried out trailed, mounted and self-propelled. Power supply and fertilizer composition, if necessary, is provided either from the tractor and attached tanks on it, or from tanks and aggregates attached to it.

By adjusting the mutual distance of the pairs of knife-electrodes, changes in the mutual arrangement of the treated strips-furrows, and, consequently, changes in the width of the untreated windows through which moisture can easily go under the soil, are achieved. If desired, these windows can be narrowed to a minimum or completely eliminated.

For those crops that are planted along the furrow at large distances from each other, so as not to waste energy and fertilizer solution on the processing of row spacing, it should be synchronized with the planting or sowing of these crops next season.

Combining these processes is beneficial economically.

If necessary, conventional sowing, planting, harvesting or other devices can be mounted on the device case.

After sowing or planting, the growing root system of plants is automatically positioned so that it permeates the entire fertilized and very hygroscopic mass of soil, feeding on moisture from the compacted and therefore not draining soil that has formed in the subsoil. trough.

Claims (1)

The invention relates to soil tillage means for extracting and / or studying its structure and increasing its content of nutrients in an easily digestible form. These changes in soil properties occur, for example, when electric discharges in a fluid impact the soil. There are known devices for electro-tillage tillage, made in the form of a tank with at least one pair of electrodes located in it. The tank is loaded with soil, filled with water, the electrodes are connected to a pulse shaping circuit, and the soil is processed with them. The proposed device differs from limestone in that the electrodes of each pair are located one behind the other and the tips of them are attached to the knife that is buried in the ground in isolation from it, and the back one is made in the form of a knife. It is advisable to make the electrode hollow or provide it with an insulated tube. This reduces labor and energy costs, since the discharges occur directly in the arable layer of the soil. To do this, it is sufficient to mix the electrodes directly in the soil and supply water to the discharge gap. If there is enough free water in the soil, for example, during periods of spring or autumn thaw, under conditions of intensive irrigation, the need for water supply is eliminated. FIG. 1 shows a device intended for work on soils with a high content of free moisture; in fig. 2 - the same, front view; on fkg. 3 device, designed to work on ordinary soils, side view; in fig. 4 a cut of soil along the line arr “taps. Two knives 3 and 4 are fixed to the frame 1 of the device with the wheels 2 and the front one of them carries an electrode 5 Apr & connected to the tip of the rear knife 4, which plays the role of the second electrode, and connected by Habel 6, passing in the knife rack 3 to the electric pulse shaping circuit (not shown in the drawing, the device is equipped with additional ground contact area supports, for example, in the form of skis. In case of need, the front end of the knives can be equipped with a rychgelnaya nozzle. When working on soils with low content of free moisture, it is supplied through the front electrode cavity. through an additional pipeline 8 (see Fig. 3). The nutrient solution can also be supplied through the same channels in necessary cases. As a result of tillage, the upper soil layer 9 (see Fig. 4) loosens and 10 compresses, In this case, a trough-shaped tray for a fertilized layer 11, within which the zone of bits 12 is located, devices of this type can be made hook-on, mounted and self-propelled.The power supply and the fertilizer composition, if necessary, i, is carried out either tanks, l bo from trailed thereto tanks and units. By adjusting the mutual distance of the pairs of knife-electrodes, a change is made in the mutual positioning of the treated furrow strips, and consequently, the change in untreated windows through which moisture can easily escape under the soil. If desired, these windows can be narrowed to a minimum or completely eliminated. For those crops that are planted along the furrow at large distances from each other, in order not to expend energy and fertilizer solution for inter-row processing, it is necessary to synchronize with the planting or sowing of these plants to stop the flow of the solution and pulses these intervals. Planting or sowing plants msmset at the same time go either simultaneously with the process of electro-hydraulic oepaeo-rki, or separately by conventional means. If desired, the process can also include harvesting, obtaining simultaneous soil preparation and planting or seeding the crop of the next season. The combination of these processes is profitable and economical. On the case of the device, if necessary: bridges can be mounted conventional sowing, planting, harvesting or other devices. After sowing or planting, the root system growing on the root of the plant is automatically positioned so that it penetrates all the fertilized and very hygroscopic soil mass, feeding in moisture from the compacted and not draining trough formed in the subsoil layer. Claim 1. A device for electro-hydraulic tillage, containing at least one pair of electrodes connected to an electric pulse shaping scheme, which is different from the fact that, in order to reduce energy and labor costs, the electrodes of each pair are located the other and the front of them are attached to a recessed knife in the soil, isolated from it, and the back one is designed as a knife. 2; The device is pop, 1, which differs in that, in order to supply water or nutrient solutions to the discharge gap, the front electrode is hollow or equipped with a tube insulated from it. 75  l Yy