SU1679520A2 - Control system simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to educational technology and is an improvement of the device according to a. with. USSR fvfe 1535798. The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator. The control systems operator simulator includes an operator console containing the initial condition input unit 1, control action task unit 2, standards task blocks 5–7, process equipment activation unit 23, display unit 26, information presentation unit 3, simulation unit 4 real processes, block 8 of estimates, triggers 9. 22, blocks 10, 11, 12 comparators, elements AND 13. 14, 16. shift registers 15, 27, elements OR 24, 29.31, pulse formers 17, 19, 21, 30, pulse counter 18, control unit 20, register 25 of the sequence operations and a comparator 28. The simulator provides processing of process control skills taking into account the degree of training and individual trainee properties, and realizes, depending on these parameters, different time scales for modeling real processes. 6 Il.

Description

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular, to technical means for training control system operators.

The aim of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator by providing processing skills for the sequential activation of the process equipment.

FIG. 1 shows the structural scheme of the proposed simulator; in fig. 2 shows an example of implementation of a process equipment powering unit, a sequence register of operations to be performed and a display unit; in fig. 3 - implementation of the shift register; in fig. 4 shows an example of a comparator and pulse former; in fig. 5 is a diagram of the algorithm for the operation of the simulation of real processes; in fig. 6 is a flowchart for analyzing the state of the process equipment. The control systems operator simulator contains an operator panel (not shown in Fig. 1), including an initial condition input unit 1 and a control actions task unit 2, information presentation unit 3, a real process simulation unit 4, standards task blocks 5-7, input in the operator's console, block 8 estimates, the first trigger 9, blocks 10-12

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comparators, first and second elements AND 13, 14, shift register 15, third element AND 16, first pulse shaper 17, pulse counter 18, second pulse shaper 19, control unit 20, third pulse shaper 21, second trigger 22, switch-on block 23 technological equipment included in the operator console, the first element OR 24, the register 25 of the sequence of operations performed, the display unit 26, included in the operator console, the shift register 27, the comparator 28, the second element OR 29, the fourth driver 30 pulses and the third ement or 31.

The simulator works as follows.

Before starting the training, the learner is given a technological control goal. With regard to steelmaking, for example, an oxygen-converter process, the control objective is to produce steel with the required chemical composition and metal temperature at a specified time. With the help of block 1, the necessary initial data are entered into block 4 (the initial chemical composition of the metal is the content of carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, temperature of the metal). The standards are then set. Thus, in block 7, restrictions are set on the current values of technological parameters (FeO content in the slag, cooling water temperature, etc.), which may be exceeded over the specified values in the course of the process, in block 6 - limits on the final integrated estimates (cost of spent materials , integral estimates of deviations from metal heating and decarburization graphs, etc. in block 5 — target constraints (upper and lower limits on chemical composition and temperature of the metal, duration of melting).

Prior to starting the modeling process, unit levels are formed on the outputs of blocks 10, 11 of the comparators, trigger 22 is also set to one, zeros are set in register 15 in all bits, respectively, the contents of counter 18 are also zero, which is a sign scale modeling. Before starting the simulation, the process equipment (oil station, smoke exhauster, circulation pump, etc.) is turned off, therefore the triggers of registers 25 and 27 are in the zero state, which corresponds to the absence of luminescence of the LEDs of the block 26. At the output of the comparator 28 is also zero signal strength.

The simulation process is launched by pressing the Start button in the operator’s console. Then, the student must turn on the process equipment in a certain sequence by pressing the corresponding buttons of the block 23. Two situations are possible.

1. The learner correctly implements the sequence of switching on the technological equipment. In this case, the same codes are recorded in registers 25 and 27, as a result of comparing which the comparator 28 remains in the zero state. The sequence of switching on the technological equipment is indicated by the consecutive illumination of the LEDs of block 26. With the correct switching on of the technological equipment, the algorithm of the simulation of the technological process is further implemented.

2. A student being trained does not turn on the process equipment, i.e. the buttons are pressed to

5 given sequence. In this case, different codes are recorded in registers 25 and 27 (for example, if the first power-up was correct, then the registers 25,27 store the codes 1000 and 1000, and for the second power-up

0, the student mistakenly pressed the fourth button instead of the second button, respectively, in register 27, the code 1100 will be written, and in register 25 - 1000, since there is no permission from the third trigger of register 25 to turn on

5 fourth). Consequently, in the case of an incorrect sequence of pressing buttons in register 25, there will always be a larger code than in register 27. When comparing different codes, comparator 28 changes from zero

0 state to one, as a result of which shaper 30 generates a zero-level signal, setting registers 25 and 27 to the initial state. The violation of the sequence of switching on the buttons is fixed by means of the LEDs of block 26, i.e., by their state, it is possible to assess at what stage the error occurred. With an erroneous sequence of switching on the process equipment, the student

0 must repeat these operations again, and so on until the correct sequence of switching on the process equipment is realized. The number of errors in performing these operations is fixed by block 4 and displayed by block 3.

Further work of the simulator is carried out as follows.

Using block 2, the learner sets the values of the intensity of the oxygen

blowing and positioning tuyeres. In accordance with the operation algorithm of block 4, a reproduction of a technological process (oxygen converter smelting) is carried out in the framework of which the input of values of control actions, the solution of equations describing the behavior of the modeled process, the calculation of economic estimates and the output of current results to blocks 3, 10-12.

The student, using the information from block 3, acts with the help of block 2 on the technological control object, represented as block 4, so as to transfer it from the initial state to the final one, determined by the purpose of the control. During the simulation cycle, block 12 performs a continuous comparison of the current values of important technological parameters with the constraints specified in block 7. For the considered example, such parameters are the temperature of the GENERA supplied for cooling the tuyere, and the pressure of the gases leaving the converter. When at least one of them goes beyond the limits, even for a short time, the signal from the corresponding comparison circuit of the comparators block 12, in the form of a logical zero, goes to one of the inputs of the And 14 element. As a result, a zero voltage level is generated at its output, which sets the trigger 22, and, accordingly, the AND element 14 to the zero state. During the simulation cycle, the signals about the final complex estimates, calculated by block 8 and also signals of chemical composition, metal temperature, melting duration, entering the inputs of blocks 11 and 10, are compared with their standard values given by blocks 5 and 6, respectively. Upon completion of the simulation cycle, the student presses the Stop button of block 20, as a result of which two signals are generated at its outputs. The first of them, formed at the moment the button is pressed, is synchronizing for register 16. With this pulse present, information coming from the output of AND 14 is recorded, the first bit of register 15, and in subsequent simulation cycles, the previous information is shifted senior bit and record new - in junior bit d.

The second signal, generated by block 20 at the moment of releasing the Stop button, is fed to the input of the imaging unit 21 and sets the trigger 22 to a single state, as well as through the elements OR 29.31 provides for resetting the registers 25, 27.

If, at the time of stopping the modeling process, at least one of the restrictions in blocks 10-12 was exceeded, then at the output of the corresponding

they appear zero voltage level and at the output of the element And 14 also formed a logical zero. If all constraints are met, then the output of AND 14 is a logical signal.

0 units. When the Stop button of the block 20 is pressed, which takes place at the end of the simulation cycle, the information from the outputs of the And 14 element is rewritten into the register 15. Thus, depending on

5, the task has been completed or not executed within the technological cycle, a unit or zero is written to the register 15.

Subject to the task at a certain number of heats

0 the number is given by the number of inputs of the element 16), which is expressed in the appearance at the output of register 15, which gives information in a parallel code corresponding to the number of ones (according to the number of inputs of the element

5 and 16, the element AND 16 forms at its output a unit level, which, in the form of a bit of information, is recorded in the counter 18 and simultaneously enters the driver 17, resetting the register triggers

0 15 to zero state. In this case, the counter 18 records the code of the new scale of modeling, larger than at the previous stage of training. This code comes in blocks 3 and 4. At the same time, the transition to a new scale

5 time is carried out only under the condition that the learner does not make mistakes when turning on the process equipment.

With the push of the start button of block 20, a new stage of the student’s work begins

0 conditions of a different time scale, which lasts until the requirement of an accurate execution of a task on a received number of technological cycles is fulfilled. In case of its fulfillment, the element 16 again works, the counter 18 changes its state and forms the code of the new time scale, for example, now accelerated, which ensures the development of skills in the conditions

0 time shortage. In the following, the considered cycle may be repeated. The number of cycles depends on the adopted number of variants of the time scale, which is determined, in particular, by the characteristics of the technological control object, training tasks, etc.

Upon completion of training using the Reset button of block 20, the counter 18 is zeroed out and the device returns to its original state.

The invention provides development of skills for the sequential inclusion of technological equipment. Accounting for students' erroneous actions in performing these operations when moving to a different scale of modeling time increases the attention and responsibility of the students for their process control actions. The possibility of reproducing operations to turn on the process equipment brings the training process on the equipment to reality.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Operator Controls Simulator for Aut. St. No. 1535798, characterized in that, in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator, a comparator, a fourth pulse generator, the first, second and third OR elements, a shift register and a sequence register are entered into it 0 50 operations, informational inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the sixth group of the operator’s console, the corresponding inputs of the fifth group of the simulation module of real processes and the corresponding inputs of the first OR element, the setup input - with the output of the second OR element, the outputs of the same group - with the operator’s console inputs, and outputs another group - with the first input of the first comparator group, the inputs of the second group of which are connected to the outputs of the shift register, and the output to the input of the fourth pulse generator, the output to Expensively connected to the first inputs of the second and third OR elements, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the second pulse generator, the output of the third OR element is connected to the installation input of the shift register, the information input of which is connected to the output of the first OR element. 5c  Phie.1 ( To Inputs element 2b ORIC inputs of comparator 2c From UAH 26 item f P f. F 26 Set0 SdZig (from item 2 OR) i From register} 25 From register 27 When A В B at Exit C - o At At 6d / Ct stroke, Phi & four Fig.Z (Start j / L  dooo initial conditions / Altogether, the analysis is based on the technological value of about $ 80,000. yoruao Not 1 latwe d key  Mr. Ma and / 1 / dha fl / n code entry scale modelroA yani / 7 // 7 b Water control, doaase / diy J. Shl moeled technological process one L / l calculation of economic errors I PP implementation scale modeling one / 7/7 output / baking results The feature request is still. Not C) Figure 5 one G The entrance to the boat - lrograppu Dbod Port Trigger Analysis (Exit Lo & & npoepafWb / ) ) 6