SU1648285A1 - Method for sheltered grape cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to viticulture and can be used in the covering area. A shtamb is formed on a grape bush from which two sleeves extend. Rukzwe are directed in opposite directions along the axis of the row, and their ends tied to the lower wire of the trellis so that they intersect each other. The shoots grown on replacement knots are also tied to the first trellis wire. After harvesting, planting is covered with an earth ramming method of 45 - 50 cm, not separating the bush from the trellis wire. In this case, the sleeves and the lower part of the branches are covered with a shaft, and the lower wire with the ends of the shoulders and fruit shoots attached to it is left above the soil shaft. After covering, these shoots are cut, 1 tab., 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to viticulture and can be used in the covering area.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield by reducing injuries to plants in the process of covering and uncovering and reducing the labor intensity of cultivation.

The drawing shows an implementation scheme for the cultivation of a covering culture of grapes.

In the grapevine, one shoot is grown in the second vegetation, which is pinned at a height of 15 cm in order to form trunk 1 and to obtain strong first-order passer shoots. The formed stepsons are removed, with the exception of the two upper stepsons 2, of which the sleeves are subsequently formed. To accommodate the above-ground part of the bush, at the beginning of the second growing season, a trellis is installed in which the lower trellis wire 3 is located above the level of the covering shaft, for example, 70 cm high. If possible, it is advisable to pull thickened (4-5 mm) wire and supply it with a tension device. The second Rus of the trellis wire is tensioned at a height of about 120 cm, and the third at a height of about 160 cm from the soil. As the shoots grow, they are tied up vertically to the trellis wires, and when they outgrow the third trellis wire by 10–15 cm, they are pinned to improve their maturation and the formation of second-generation shoots 4 second order. After reaching the walking shoots of 10–15 cm in length, those that are located on the outside of the first-order steps shoots are broken out. In the fall, the bushes are freed from support, pinned to the ground and covered. In the spring of the third year after planting after the opening of plantations, the stepson shoots 2 (future shoulders1) are given an inclined position. Sleeves guide F

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the opposite sides are along the row axis, and their ends are tied to the bottom wire of the trellis 3 so that they intersect each other in order to prevent dead zones and rational use of space.

On the upper side of the sleeve 2 of the cordon, the second-order stepchildren are cut into knots 5. During the growing season, all the shoots that develop on the shtamba 1 and on the lower side of the sleeves break out. As the shoots grow from the knots, 1-2 green shoots of the shoots are made. to trellis wires. After harvesting, at the end of September - at the beginning of October, i.e. before the onset of cold weather, the plantations are covered with the method of dipping with a shaft of 45-50 cm, not separating the bush from the trellis wire. In this case, the sleeves 2 and the lower part of the branches are covered with a shaft, and the bottom wire 3 with the ends of the arms 2 fixed on it and the ends of the branches 4 are left above the soil shaft. After covering, the leaf apparatus, placed above the covering shaft, continues to assimilate carbohydrates, which improves the preparation of plants for the winter. After covering in the winter or early autumn period, the branches above the lower trellis wire are cut off by a caulking machine. Then, the tapestry was repaired, and with the onset of the deadline, the grape bushes were opened. After opening in the spring of the fourth year, the final (short) pruning of the bushes is started.

With such a trimming scheme and placement of the skeletal part, there is no need

carrying out the dry and first green stitch of the shoots, since the developing green shoots from the raised arms are a small distance from the bottom wire and have time to hook the antennae over the wire and each other. In subsequent years, all operations for the care of the bushes are repeated in the same way as in the fourth year.

Comparative characteristics of the technical and economic efficiency of the proposed method in comparison with the known are given in the table.

The economic effect of using the proposed method of cultivating a grape bush as compared with the known method is 500-600 rubles / ra per year.

F o r u l a

The method of cultivating the covering culture of grapes, including removing the surface shaping with angled branches, attaching to the trellis wire, covering the perennial part of the bush with an earthen shaft without clearing the trellis wire and cutting off the shoots above the covering shaft, about that that, in order to increase yields by reducing injuries to plants in the process of laying and opening and reducing the labor intensity of cultivation, the sleeves are formed on a trunk with a height of 10-15 cm, while the lower trellis the wire is placed above the level of the covering shaft and the ends of the sleeves bearing the fruit links are rigidly attached to it.

Claims (1)

Claim A method of cultivating a cover culture of grapes, including removing the surface formation with sleeves extending at an angle, attaching to a trellis wire, covering the perennial part of the bush with an earthen shaft without releasing the bush from the trellis wire and pruning the shoots above the covering shaft, which is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase productivity by reducing trauma to plants during laying and opening and reducing the complexity of cultivation, the sleeves are formed on a stem 10-15 cm high, while the lower trellis wire the milk is placed above the level of the covering shaft and the ends of the sleeves carrying fruit links are rigidly fixed to it. Indicators Way Proposed Famous Labor costs for the care of the vineyard, persons / days 115 134 Productivity, t / ha 132 110 Labor productivity, c / person-day 1.14 0.82 Savings on trellis wire per year, kg / ha 100 -