SU1435182A1 - Method of tilling soil and cultivating the sowing - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of sowing. Sowing is performed with stubble seed immediately after harvesting the precursor. The processing of the soil layer is carried out by flat cultivators to a depth exceeding that of the seed embedment. Simultaneously with the treatment of the layer, the soil is pressed down over the rows of seeds, which is carried out in the zone of the formation of the layer with the paws using skids or narrow rollers. 4 il.

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture, namely to methods of tillage and planting, mainly intermediate pro. crops pa oroppii.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of seeding.

FIG. 1 shows the sequence of technological operations of tillage and seeding by the corresponding working bodies, side view; pas figs. 2 -

the same plan; pas figs. 3 processed

soil layer, cross section; pas figs. 4 - a variant of a soil-cultivating tool, side view.

The proposed tillage tillage and seeding can be implemented in the following way.

After harvesting the precursor, sowing of an intermediate crop, a measure of maize, and stubble seeds, was carried out. The openers of the village of 1 close up the seeds into the soil at a given depth. To ensure quality sowing, the time gap between harvesting and sowing should not exceed 1 - 2 days. Simultaneously with the sowing, they form marker tracks, which are then followed by the tillage unit, which contains a cultivator with flat-cutting feet 2 and devices 3 for pressing soil. With the help of a marker track, the aggregate is oriented so that the devices for pressing the soil are placed over rows 4 of the embedded seed. Processing the soil is carried out at a depth of 14-16 or 20-22 cm. At the same time, the soil is found with flat-cutting legs, and the size is in zones puffing increases in proportion to the depth of processing.

The beginning of the zone of fluffing is determined by

angle p at which the shift occurs

soil,

x |, 1/2 l --- (a + (|: + f,), where a. is the cutting angle;

((- friction angle of the material of the working surface of the paw on the soil;

F1 is the angle of internal workout.

Distance 1 horizon.ch from a blade to the beginning of the zone

1 a / tg (f, where a is the depth of tillage.

After cutting, the soil layer rises but the shelf of the paw. The termination of lifting occurs over the upper edge of the shelf. In the process of lifting, the reservoir elemepts, including and embedded seeds, move towards each other. Pressing a narrow strip (tape) of the soil over a row of seeds, carried out between the beginning of the zone of fluffing and the end of the formation node process, makes it possible to fix a part of the layer together with the seeds. V. Chip punching does not affect the entire thickness of the reservoir (depth of treatment), but is stuck to its upper portion 5. The lower part of the plate

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that, pod11i., 1 ;; is it according to .uiiic, оС -kaegeg mridav-. suture area 5 on both sides. Thus, in ZON1 of seed embedding, the displacement of the soil of the soil and, accordingly, of the seed, is eliminated, which makes it possible to increase the uniformity of the depth of their embedding and to ensure reliable contact with the soil.

The proposed method of tillage and sowing can be implemented using stubble-slit type SZS-2.1 and cultivators-flat-cutters of type KPSh-5 (with a depth of treatment up to 16 cm) or PG-3-5 (with a depth of treatment over 20 cm) . In this case, the tillage implement is equipped with devices for pressing the soil 3, which can be made in the form of skids (skis) and,; and the consequent spruce-mounted skating rinks 6. The width of the skis (rim of the skating rink) is 6-10 cm. The width of the grip of the guns with the inter-leg, equal to the width between the rows of the sown culture. The width of the inter-nee should not be vienbnie c.vi, because otherwise it is possible that the soil becomes jammed between paw 2 and devices 3. When placing devices 3, it is also necessary to take into account that the stands of 7 cultivators do not fall along the rows of seeds. Runners (or rollers) having been installed: 1 are carried along the gun with moving away from the plane along the cutting machine ji dtii.i 2, and in height - at the level of the surface 110Ч11Ы (before pulling out).

11 sowing and tillage can also be carried out by a combined aggregate, on the frame of which I mount a succession of sowing mowers with tillage workers opi anbi.

Isolz (5apps of the pico method,: 1e is effective for 1) o. The intercourse is 1 points, 1x, 1.x, evicted by e.Mbix with 1p) between the fields (maize) 1), and provides for the first : B (j3MO / i4i OCTb; 1 axis of pro.mezhu 0chnoy cultures nepredyed 1 iieiiHO after storing) prei p; eu 1 epnika, and fjainine and squeezed terms that I1; novpei.che kachech 1 va sowing due to the uniform for r. 1 beep zade. 1kit seeds, reliable contact of them with the soil, that o6eciie 4) -iiiaer d |) uzhasnye shoots. at the same time, development and maturity.

Method o6j; a6oTKh SOIL, ii noceaa. VC. expansive sowing and seeding of soms with a series of nosles,; without pressure, by processing of the soil at a depth, preps), r. iX iinn, seeding seals, revealing. I o.M. h 1 Oh, with ue. ibK) pov yen quality; axial, ojjKJBpe.Meiiiio with tillage n:) () ichv () dt.: it can be pressed down over a series of sprouted seeds, after which it is carried out in the zone of the formation indentation.

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Compiled by T. Semenova

Editor O. Yurkovetskaya Tehred I. VeresKorrektor V. Girn to

Order 5575/1 Circulation 661 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries

113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4

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Claims (1)

A method of tillage and sowing, including sowing and 'seeding in rows with subsequent subsurface tillage to a depth exceeding the depths ’·.' Seeding, characterized in that. that, in order to improve the quality of sowing, at the same time as the tillage, it is pressed down over the rows of sown seeds, and the latter is carried out in the area of fluffing of the soil layer.