SU1464922A1 - Method of tilling soil in belt farming - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular, to methods of cultivating agricultural crops, mainly weaving melons and melons and vegetables. The aim of the invention is to increase soil fertility by reducing soil compaction with agricultural techniques and reducing soil fatigue, as well as reducing fertilizer consumption. The new method of tillage for weaving crops, including fertilizing, plowing the bands, leaving unplowed strips between them, is that organic fertilizer is plowed down only on the plowed strip, and after the emergence of seedlings, the plowed and unplowed strips are cultivated simultaneous local application of fertilizers in rows of a seeded crop, while the width of the unplowed strip is twice the width of the plowed, unplowed strip is the location of the running appa In the process of cultivating agricultural crops, the return of the plowed strips to the strips plowed in previous years was carried out over 4 years by annually shifting the plowed strips to the unpaved ones. 1 tab. S (l

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular to methods of cultivating agricultural crops.

The purpose of the invention is to increase soil fertility by reducing soil compaction with agricultural techniques and reducing soil fatigue, as well as reducing fertilizer consumption.

Applied to melons, the method is carried out as follows.

The field is divided into alternating strips 140 and 280 cm wide, that is, one of them is twice as wide as the other. Organic-mineral fertilizers are applied to 140 cm wide strips. Further, these strips are plowed by an arable unit with symmetrically located plow sections. At the same time, the grooves are cut with a marker for the next tractor's passage across the field. After

plowing is sowing a melon crop. After the emergence of both seedlings and weeds on unplowed stripes, two plowed strips are continuously cultivated and an unplowed cultivator located between them is fed into the crop with simultaneous local fertilization, i.e., width 560 cm of cultivator

In the second year, the same operations were carried out, but with a shift of 140 cm to the side, in the third, with a shift of 280 cm, in the fourth year, the processing was carried out in the same bands as in the first year. Then the cycle repeats.

The essence of the proposed method of tillage is to use the principle of restoring soil nutrients to the fields through crop rotation

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the difference that the crop rotation is formed by alternating the seeded strips with steam strips, on which during the growing season there are scourge of the underground part of cultivated melons, i.e. the same field can be sown with the same crop and processed on it for many , years, while retaining the necessary nutrients while minimizing tillage, reducing the amount of fertilizer applied and improving their use. The presence on the field of plots of 2-year-old vapors forms, as it were, micro-sowing turns, which make it possible to effectively use the entire area of the floor in accordance with the adopted planting pattern of weaving vegetables and gourds.

Experimental verification of the method of tillage for weaving crops was carried out using as an example the cultivation of melon crops, in particular watermelons. The experiments were carried out on the aligned

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fertility and relief plot. The soil is chestnut, the depth of the arable layer is 25–27 cm. The humus content in the arable layer (according to Tyurin) is 1.94–2.0%, the pH (salt extract) is 4.7–5.6; mobile phosphorus (according to Kirsanov) 11.4-13.5 and exchangeable potassium (according to Maslova) 17-20 mg per 100 g of soil; the amount of absorbed bases (according to Kappen-Gilkovich) is 9.6-11.4 mg-eq per 100 g of soil.

Organo-mineral fertilizers were applied in the autumn under a solid plowing at the rate of 20 t / ha (mineral in the form of nitroamophosphor).

Agrotechnics in the experiments of conventional. Plowing was carried out with plows PLN-4-35.

Observations and counts were carried out according to the generally accepted method 3. The area of the section is 100 m, accounting is 50 m, repeated four times, the placement of cases is single, randomized.

The results of the experimental verification are shown in the table.

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As a result of five-year field experiments, it was found that the maximum yield increase was 22% with a 140 cm wide plowed strip and 280 cm unplowed, i.e., when not plowed twice as wide as plowed, and the undercarriage of tractors and agricultural machines was positioned on unplowed field passes lane. In this case, the number of weeds and soil density in rows of cultivated plants are also minimal.

Fertilizer saving is 66% at a constant rate of application per hectare of cultivated area, which is reduced to 3000. The number of aggregate passes across the field is reduced by 57% (12 instead of 28 by the prototype method).

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 2Q A method of tillage in strip farming, including fertilizing, plowing the strips, leaving untreated strips between them and subsequent sowing on the plowed strips, characterized in that 55 soil fertility by reducing soil compaction with agricultural machinery and reducing soil fatigue, as well as reducing fertilizer consumption, organic fertilizer is applied under plowing, and twice the amount of plowed seedlings is cultivated and plowing is offset by unplowed and unplowed strips with a single-plowed strip in the previous year, with such temporary local fertilization, so that each non-plowed strip is in rows of seed culture, while for two years in the steam well unploughed strip mouth-state annually.