SU1402444A1 - Vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transport engineering, in particular to devices for locking the vane joints of the driven wheels. The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency by the stability and safety of linear motion. The vehicle consists of a frame 2, leading and driven wheels, which are mounted on vane hinges 4 with vertical axles, the latter being equipped with brakes 22, which are driven by kinematic connection by a hydraulic cylinder controlled by a three-way valve, to the hydrostatic transmission of the vehicle 1, consisting of adjustable pumps 10, lines of driving motors 12, bypass and make-up valves, feed pump, logic valves OR, two-position nnogo slide valve, which valve is coupled with the float level indicator working fluid. 6 Il. i (L

Description

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The invention relates to highly maneuverable vehicles, and is especially important as base machines for mounted agricultural, loading and unloading and road building equipment.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency by means of the stability and safety of rectilinear motion.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a vehicle, side view; in fig. 2 is the same, top view; FIG. 3 shows the mechanism for steering the vehicle; in fig. 4 is a view A of FIG. one; in fig. 5 shows a kinematic diagram of the mechanism for locking the vane hinges of the driven wheels; Fig. 6 shows the principle hydraulic drive-wheel drive circuit.

The vehicle 1 contains the frame 2 and the driving wheels 3. In the rear part of the frame 2 are mounted with the help of vane joints 4 with vertical axles 5 and brackets 6 self-adjusting driven wheels 1. Engine 8 is installed in the rear part of the vehicle 1 and connect: dinen drive shaft 9 with a block of adjustable pumps 10 (figure 2). Adjustable pumps 10 are connected by a hydraulic 1-liter motor w 11 with driven hydraulic motors 12 mounted on driving wheels 3, the vehicle control mechanism 1 1 contains a steering wheel 13 connected through a cardan gear 14, a gear transfer .15 with shaft 16, lever 17 and 18 and 18 with rachags 19 adjustable pumps 10 (FIG. 3). The shaft 16 is fixed in the usual manner on a horizontal cylindrical hinge 20 and connected with a control lever 21

by the growth and reverse of the vehicle 1.

The vertical axes 5 of the vane hinges 4 are provided with conical-type brakes 22 (FIGS. 4 and 5), which are connected 45

between each other, with the help of 2 hinges 23 levers 24 attached to the frame (connected on the one side with the rod and on the other side with the hydraulic housing 1 |) of the cylinder 25.

In the hydrostatic drive of the transport vehicle 1 (Fig. 6), the adjustable pumps 10 are equipped with a lift pump 26, which is connected to the tank 27

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for working fluid and equipped with coarse and fine cleaning filters 28 and heat exchanger 29. Feed pump 26 supply line is connected to adjustable pumps 10 through one outlet of flow divider 30, bypass valves 31 and feed valves 32. The tank 27 is equipped with a working fluid level indicator 33 with a float 34.

After another output of the flow divider 30, the make-up pump 26 is connected via a three-way control valve 35 to the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 25, the piston rod of which is also connected through a specified three-way valve 35 to the tank 27. The three-way hydraulic distributor 35 is provided with a neutral neutral valve Positions J and in both extreme positions it is equipped with bypass channels, through which the piston and rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 25 connect The interconnected and locked channels communicated with the flow divider 30 and the tank 27. The control cavities 36 of the three-position hydraulic distributor 35 opposite to each other are connected through the logic valves 37 of the YUSH type to the hydraulic lines of the 11 corresponding driving motors of the 12 driving wheels 3. In addition, the control cavities 36 are connected to logic valves 37 through one of the positions of the additional two-position slide valve 38 equipped with through-passages to lock & lamy. The spool 39 of the hydraulic distributor 38 is connected with the float 34 indicator 33 of the working fluid level in the tank 27. Logic valves 37 of type OR are equipped with a ball-40.

The vehicle is controlled as follows. From the engine 8, the torque is transmitted by the drive shaft 9 to the variable pump unit 10 and to the charge pump 26. The working fluid is supplied by adjustable pumps 10 through lines 11 and driven hydraulic motors 12, providing drive for the driving wheels 3. In the course of straight-line movement, the steering wheel 13 is in the middle position, ensuring equal supply of both

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pump 10, when turning the vehicle 1, the steering wheel 13 provides differential pumping of the working fluid by pumps 10 to hydraulic fluids 12 of the right and left driving wheels 3, lever 21 provides for synchronous change or reversal of the supply of working fluid by adjustable pumps 10 to change speed or direction of motion. The feed pump 26 produces, through one of the outlets, the flow divider 30, the bypass valves 31 and the make-up valves 32 compensate in the usual way for the leakage of working fluid from the closed circuits formed by each variable pump 10 with a corresponding drive hydraulic motor 12 (FIG. 6).

The equality of supply of working fluid by adjustable pumps 10 in the course of rectilinear motion provides the same pressure in lines x 11, while the balls 40 in the logic valves 37 move in opposite directions, as shown in FIG. 6, opening the fluid supply through the through-channels of the on-off valve 38 to the control cavities 36 of the three-valve valve 35. The same pressure in the control cavity 36 determines the average (on the neutral position of the valve 35, in which the working fluid through another outlet of the splitter 30 and The passageway of the hydraulic distributor 35 comes from the feed pump 26 into the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 25. Simultaneously, from the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 25, the working fluid enters the tank 27. Extension of the rod g The cylinder 25 provides for the rotation of the levers 24 (FIGS. 4 and 5) and their activation of the brakes 22, which fix the vertical axes 5 of the vane hinges 4 and keep the driven wheels 7 from spontaneous rotation, thereby significantly increasing the stability of the linear movement of the vehicle one. . .

The rotation of the vehicle 1 by the steering wheel 13 differentiates the supply of working fluid by the pumps 10, respectively, differentially the pressure in the trunk x 11 and the control cavities 36 of the hydraulic distributor 35, which is automatic, is changed gg

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The switch is switched to the corresponding extreme position in which the piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 25 are connected as a bypass channel. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder 25 is in the floating position, and the brakes 22 are unlocked, not preventing the installation of the driven wheels 7 on the vane 4 hinges in the process of turning the vehicle 1. When reversing, the rotation of the hydraulic motors 12 reverses and the balls 40 in the logic valves 37 take the opposite extreme position, ensuring the same operation of the hydraulic cylinder 25.

When an emergency pressure drops in one of the - lines 11, for example, if the pump 10 or the hydraulic motor 12 fails, or when this line 11 is de-sealed, the level of the working fluid in the pointer 33 drops rapidly. As a result, the float 34 switches the two-position the valve 38 is in a position with locked channels, and the valve 35, when there is no pressure in the control cavities 36, automatically switches to the middle neutral position, thereby blocking the vertical axis 5 of the vane 4 hinges 4 hydraulic cylinder 25 and. brakes 22 and counteraction due to this emergency withdrawal of the vehicle 1 due to the lack of torque on one of the driving wheels 3.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A vehicle containing a frame, a hydrostatic transmission, containing adjustable pumps, which are connected by hydraulic lines to hydraulic motors, the latter are kinematically connected with driving wheels, a make-up pump, bypass and belt valves, a hydraulic tank, and controlled controls pumps are kinematically connected with steering, driven wheels connected by means of vane joints with vertical axles to the frame, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency by increasing stability and safety of the linear motion, the hydrostatic transmission is equipped with a three-position four-way valve, a flow divider, an OR valve, a two-position four-line valve valve, and a floater with a liquid level in a water tank; valves Sh1I, whose inputs are connected to hydraulic lines, connect- ing adjustable hydraulic pumps and the third and fourth lines - with the control cavities of the three-position four-way valve, the first and second lines of which are connected to the hydraulic cylinder, the third - with the drain, and the fourth - with one of the outlets of the flow divider, the other output is connected to the bypass valves, the inlet of the flow divider is connected to the feed pump, and the vertical axes of the vane joints are provided with brakes which are kinematically connected to the hydraulic cylinder. ////////////// У ///// (pue.i r to sh 2K 7s but / Fi9. cffae.5 1 i