SK283731B6 - Apparatus for making manholes - Google Patents

Abstract

The mould casing (12) has sleeve inserts, and contains a core (14) one end side of which has a template (34) matching the shape of the channel in the base of the drainage shaft. The template has an outward protruding protuberance, which has an outer surface matching the wall of the channel at the bottom of the shaft. The protuberance has a first part leading at its base into the surfaces for the gradient of the base of the shaft. A second curved part of the protuberance is saddle-shaped to match the gradient of the channel base and is detachably joined to the first part, the template has a circular rim and radially inwardly displaced edge fitting into the hollow cylindrical core.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a mold for forming sewer manholes, each having at least two inlet ports, in particular lower sewer manholes, with neck inserts having a cladding and one cladding placed therein, on the front side of which there is a template in the form of a trough in the floor of the existing sewer manholes, with one outwardly projecting projection having an outer surface adapted to the wall of the trough in the shaft floor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known to provide sewer manholes having at least two inlets. This known device comprises at least two preferably rotatable portions of the molding jacket and at least one molding jacket housing which is disposed in the molding core. The parts of the forming jacket are provided with neck inserts. The core is a cylinder. The molding sheath portions and sheath segments are fixed by tensioning rings extending coaxially to the mold sheath. With this known device, the inlet throats can be provided at different locations, thus creating the desired angle of their course. Since the generating core is cylindrical, the sewer manholes have straight, circular bottoms (EP 0 489 302 A1).

In order to transfer the waste water and the entrained waste through the sewer manholes, the floors of these manholes are often formed with gutters that run between the side wall passages. The shafts of the shafts are inclined towards the edges of the troughs, and thus the waste water which flows through the upper inlet opening flows into the trough on the floor of the former shaft and from there comes to the outlet opening of the shaft.

According to the current method of construction of the shaft, gutters and inclined floor surfaces are created by walling.

The devices of the method described at the outset are selected according to DE 84 23 080 U1 and DE 84 23 080 U1, respectively. DE 41 20 483 C2. The templates contain tunnel parts for the basic forms of the created gutters. In addition, the generating core must have a floor form where the tunnel parts can optionally be rotated and positioned. In order to obtain troughs with the desired inclination, the previously described techniques must be used.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for forming existing sewer manholes or lower portions of manholes with at least two inlet orifices, in which the gutters in their sloping surfaces can already be formed during manhole production. At the same time, it is believed that it should be a simple-to-install device that can easily be used to produce a trough and then, after this, could be removed with the template from the generating core without difficulty and ready for reuse.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Said problem is solved by the form according to the invention such that the projection of the first part, which in its lower part passes into the surfaces for inclination of the bottom of the shaft, is provided with an arched second part adapted to form a seat on the incline of the trough bottom. When casting (concreting) an existing sewer shaft, respectively. at the bottom of the shaft, the template ensures that a trough and a slope are formed at the bottom of the shaft. The shaft and the gutter form one monolithic unit. After the existing shaft has been installed, it is no longer necessary to make a trough on the bottom of the shaft by means of the walling. This saves work on the shafts carried out on the construction site, which can only be done at a certain cost. These costs include, for example, that suitable bricks must be transported to the site and mortar produced. Artisanal skills are required for walling, so professional staff is essential. By means of the invention these costs can be avoided and thus the construction of the sewer system will be economical.

Preferably, the template has a round edge and a radially inwardly positioned shoulder against the edge on a device that is easy to fit into the hollow cylindrical core. This embodiment of the mold enables reliable centering and fixing of the template in the mold core.

According to the invention, at least one projection extends from the side of the template facing away from the shoulder, which is adaptable to the trough in the shaft floor by its cross-section and course. The template also has at least one vault or bulge which, on its outer sides, determines the inclination surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the shaft body.

The protrusion comprises a first portion which, at its lower part, passes into surfaces to form a slope at the bottom of the shaft, and a replaceable second arched portion, adjustable for inclinations of the trough bottom, and which is releasably connected to the first portion. This will solve the problem, and troughs with desirable slopes can be formed economically on the shafts or lower portions of the shafts. The second portions of the protrusions are replaceable and always adaptable to a certain inclination. Therefore, it is not always necessary to hold a template in the stock for different predetermined slopes. A kit for the second parts is sufficient, which is made much simpler than the complete templates and can therefore be made much cheaper.

The invention suggests that it is possible to use a template with replaceable second portions having different dimensions which make it possible to produce manholes with gutters of different slopes without actually having to change the first part designated as the basic cut-out of the template. an adjustable trough on the bottom, the end of which is connected to a crescent wall supported by a strip and which is screwed to the first part. The distances between the outer and inner edges in the center of the wall simultaneously determine the inclination of the trough.

The projection expediently extends directly from one point of the edge of the template to another point at the edge and has walls on its front surfaces. These walls are located in places which, in the manufacture of the lower parts of the shafts, are aligned with the through holes of the necks.

The described templates are intended for the bottom of shafts that have straight troughs and which run transversely along the diameter through the bottom of the shaft.

In another preferred embodiment, the projection extends from one edge of the template in a full arc to another edge location and has walls on the faces. The bottom is preferably in the form of a quadrant. Sewage manholes, resp. lower parts of the shafts, whose troughs at the bottom of the shaft always divert the waste water streams in the arch, e.g. 90 °. Such shafts are e.g. in road bends.

Another expedient embodiment is that the three protrusions, each extending from a single location at the edge of the template, are joined at the center of the template and each has walls at the edge of the template at each end face thereof. With this template, forked troughs can be produced in the shaft bottoms.

Preferably, the distances between the bore holes are different. With this template, sewer manholes can be produced, which will be connected to the bottom in two or three channels. Due to the different distances between the openings, different reflection angles for the waste water streams are achieved.

It is preferable to provide hatches with a protruding shoulder extending inwardly against the edge of the hatch, located axially on the sides of the opposite vaults. The hatches are fixed to the cylindrical cores by means of a shoulder. This facilitates the design of the mold for the manufacture of sewer manholes and the dismantling of parts inside the sewer manhole.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further details, advantages and features of the invention are given not only by the claims and the corresponding individual features and / or features in combination, but also by the following description of preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 a mold according to the invention for forming the lower parts of the sewer manholes in plan view, FIG. 2 shows a sectional view along the line A - B in FIG. 1, FIG. 3a a mold for producing a trough on the monolithic lower part of the shaft - a top view, FIG. 3b the mold of FIG. 3a in a side view, FIG. 4a another mold for producing a trough on the monolithic lower part of the shaft, FIG. 4b the mold of FIG. 4a in a side view, FIG. 5 and a supplemental mold for producing a trough on the monolithic lower part of the shaft, FIG. 5a in a side view, FIG. 6 a template consisting of two parts in a mutually displaced position, FIG. 7 a template according to FIG. 6 in a front mounted position, and FIG. 8 a template of FIG. 7 in a side view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

For the production of sewer manholes, especially the lower parts of sewer manholes consisting of a bottom part and other rings, a device will be used which, with some variation, may correspond to the device described in EP 0 489 302 A1. The mold 10 for the manufacture of sewer manholes, in particular the lower parts (parts) of the sewer manholes, has a hollow cylindrical generating jacket 12 in which a generating core 14 is coaxially arranged.

The sheath 12 consists of sheath portions 18 or mirrored necks, as well as sheath segments 20 and 22, which are provided with side throats 16 and which are circumferentially overlapping and that the sheath 12 gave a closed form.

In order to be able to be fixed in opposition to the creation of the cladding 12, the opposing creasing parts 18, as well as the cladding segments 20 and 22, can be fixed in position to form the cladding 12. and the shroud segments 20 and 22, as well as the notches of the brackets 28 and 30 considered.

From the side throats 16, cores forming a cavity 32 are formed, which form a connection to the template 34 and the template 34, respectively. to a casting mold which lies on the top face of the hollow cylindrical forming core 14 and closes this in the form of a hatch.

Since the portions 18, 20 and 22 which form the forming sheath 12 are positionally fixed by the tensioning rings 24 and 26, no additional fasteners or fasteners are required. the gear rims and the pinion which interact with it in order to move the elements in this way relative to each other, so that the neck inserts create a desired angle with respect to each other.

As particularly illustrated by the plan view of the mold 10, e.g. The 180 ° angle shown between the opposing throats 16 is modified in that the opposing throat portions 18 of the forming housing 18 rotate relative to one another, the tensioning rings 24 and 26 forming guides. Depending on the rotation of the opposing portions 18, more or less overlapping sections 20 of the cladding casing with the sections 36 and 38 are formed from the opposing portions 18 and 18 respectively. with forming jacket segments 20, which are referred to as angle-forming sheets.

Fig. 1 illustrates that the center segments 22 of the shroud extend internally with respect to the shroud sections 36 and 38 extending from opposing portions 18 and 18, respectively. transition plates. In addition, only the lower and lower portions of the casing segments 22 are required only in their central part. the upper bracket 28 and 30 of the tensioning ring shown in FIG. 1, generally designated by 40 and 42, without the risk of the segments 22 tilting when the mold is filled, since the segments 22 will be supported from the outside by the segment sections 36 and 38, respectively. sheath segments 20.

Casting mold, resp. the template 34 is designed so that there is a trough on the floor of the bottom part of the shaft. Form, respectively. the template 34 comprises e.g. On one side of the template 34, a shoulder 46 is disposed radially inwardly from the edge 44, which is so adapted to the inner diameter of the core 14 that the shoulder 46 slightly protrudes into the opening (cavity) thereby supporting the template. 34 with a ring-forming surface between the rim 44 and shoulder 46 on the face of the hollow cylindrical generating core 14. The ring-forming ring 44 and shoulder 46 are provided in the same form in all embodiments of the template forms, respectively. casting molds. Therefore, the variation elements of the embodiments of the templates shown in FIG. 3 to 8, designated by the same reference numerals.

The template 34 is in the form of a hatch and has a rectangular projection 50 extending along the diameter line 48, which extends outwardly on the side opposite to the shoulder 46. The projection 50 extends to the edge 44 and is adapted to form a trough, i. wherein the part is in the form of a half-cylinder, the longer edges of which extend into substantially flat portions 54 which each pass into angle-forming, mold-forming surfaces 56 that are inclined towards the edge 44. The planar portions, also referred to as falling surfaces 56, form circular In particular, the segments and their slope are 1: 20, the edge 44 on the mold core 14 of the underlying template 34 being deeper than the lower ends of the flat portions 54. On both front faces of the projection 50 walls 58 are formed opposite the cores forming the cavity 32. the template 34 lies on the core 14 being formed.

When the concrete is filled into the mold 10, the template 34 forms a trough running across the floor of the bottom part of the shaft and the sloped planar surfaces between the edges of the bottom and the edges of the trough. After the concrete has cured, the forming cores 14 in the form of cylinders and the template 34 are removed from inside the bottom part of the shaft. This creates a monolithic manhole with a trough of the desired inclination.

Various channel shapes can be produced using additional templates. In FIG. 4a, b is a depicted form, respectively. The template 60, like the template 34, has a round edge 44, against which a shoulder 46 is disposed radially inwardly. The template 60 also has a round hatch shape and has a protruding protrusion on one side that describes an arc representing a quadrilateral. The protrusion 62 is comprised of a semicircular cross-section 64 and a section 66 having walls that each form a quarter of the truncated cone shell. From the bottom of the walls of the portion 66, there are inclined, bath-forming surfaces, respectively. the slope surfaces 68, 70, which extend towards the edge 44. The slope of these surfaces, like the slope surfaces 56, is 1:20.

The projection 62 forms a trough in the shaft floor through which the wastewater is diverted by 90 ° along the arc. The template 60 has walls 72 on its end faces which are opposed to correspondingly positioned cores forming cavities 32.

Another embodiment of the template is shown in FIG. 5a, b. The template 74 of Figures 5a, b likewise has the shape of a hatch with a circular edge 44 and a shoulder 46 for fixing the position.

Figures 5a and b show a template 74 for a lower part of a shaft having a fork-shaped trough. Template 74, respectively. The casting mold for the bottom of the bottom part of the shaft is, like the casting mold described, formed as a hatch with a circular edge 44, against which a shoulder 46 is arranged radially inwardly. 14 and fixes the template 74. From the far side of the cover forming the template 74 facing away from the shoulder 46, a convex protrusion 76 has three protrusions 78, 80, 82 that join approximately in the center of the template 74 to form a forked bulge on one side of the template. The three projections 78, 80, 82 extend all the way to the edge 44 and each have a wall 84 on the end faces which, when the casting mold is mounted, i.e., a wall 84, e.g. j. with the template 74 mounted on the generating core 14, it faces the cores forming the cavities 32 when the mold 10 is formed with three cores for forming the cavities 32. The protrusions 78, 80, 82 have cross sections as previously described protrusions 50, 62, the protrusions 78, 80 , 82, respectively. bulges in the center of the template by passing into each other form a band with a larger cross-section. The centers 86, 88, 90 of the three front projections 78, 80, 82 have different distances to one another. From the lower portions of the protrusions 78, 80, 82, a tub forming surfaces 92, 94, 96 extend which extend to the edge 44 and always have a slope against the edge 44 and thus surfaces 92, 94, 96 near the surfaces of the protrusions 78, 80, 82 they have a displaced level towards the centers of the protrusions 78, 80, 82 relative to the edge 44. In particular, the slopes of the surfaces are 1: 20.

Template 74, respectively. the casting mold forms a fork trough in the lower part of the shaft, which can be used to collect together the waste water streams which are connected from different directions in the shaft and are to be further discharged in one channel.

The template 74 can also be used in bottom portions of shafts having only two channel entries. Depending on the directions in which the ducts at the bottom of the shaft will be guided together, two or three sub-ducts may be selected which are suitable for the common conduction of the waste water streams.

The gutters on the bottom of the shafts must be adapted in their slopes from one hole of the shaft to another, to the present slope with the shaft bordering the channel pipe. In a further embodiment of the invention, a template 98 will be provided, which is shown in more detail in Figures 6 to 8 and consists of a first portion 100 that can be used independently of the chute bottom and an arched second portion 102 that is detachably mountable on the first 100, and which by its inclination is adaptable to the desired inclination, respectively. the bottom of the gutter. The template 98 is formed on troughs extending along the diameter line of the round bottom of the shaft and comprises, in accordance with the template 34, an edge 44 and a shoulder 46. As with the template 34, the flat flat portions 54 emanate from the tub forming surfaces 56 bottom of the bottom parts of the shafts. The flat planar portions 54 are formed by a portion of the two side walls of the trough that forms approximately half the height of the trough. The lower part of the trough is made by means of a seat forming the second part 102 while casting the lower part of the shaft. The second portion 102 is vaulted, respectively, to the trough floor and has a vault with two straight longitudinal edges 104 that will be fitted at the ends 106 of the wall of the flat portions 54 to complete the template 98, i. j. to be mounted to produce a casting mold. At one end of the second portion 102, a sickle-shaped wall 108 is mounted in the arch and is connected to the saddle-forming portion. The second end of the second portion 102 does not have such a sickle-shaped portion. The first portion 100 has at each end a wall 110, 111 that extends over the ends 106 and has an arch adapted to the arch of the second portion 102, for example forming a semicircle, but mounted radially inwardly by the width of the walls of the flat portion 54.

A bar 112 is mounted on the scabbard wall 108 and extends beyond the inner concave edge of the scabbard wall 108. On the outside of the wall 108, for example, a welded bar 112 extends up to the level of the longitudinal edge 104 and near its free end. an opening 114 into which a screw 116 is inserted. The distance in the center between the outer and inner edges of the crescent wall 108 determines the slope the trough has between the side throats.

The template 98 is mounted such that the second portion 102 is mounted on the first portion 100. The longitudinal edges 104 of the second portion 102 are disposed on the ends 106 of the flat portions 54. The concave edge of the crescent wall 108 is disposed on the ends 106 of overlapping arches, e.g. The ends of the second portions 102, opposite the scythe wall 108, are disposed on the ends 106 of the projecting arc, for example, the semicircle, of the wall 111. In the wall 110 there is a screw hole 118 with an opening 114 aligned therewith 102. By means of a screw 116 mounted in the opening 114, the strip 112 and thus the second part 102 will be fixed to the first part 100.

Fig. 7 shows a front view of the template 98 and FIG. in the assembled state. In FIG. 8 is a side view of the template 98 in an assembled state. The concave inner wall of the second portion 102 may have a throat 122 as seen in FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is also clearly visible to the tub forming the flat portions 56 which have a shorter distance from the second portion 102 approximately at the center of the location 124 than from the walls 110, 111 bounded by the planar zones.

For different channel inclinations, but for the same shaft diameters, different shapes of the second portion 102 with different scythe-like walls 108 are required. The distances 120 of these second portions 102 are always adapted to the desired channel inclinations. The first portion 100 with the remaining portion of the template 98 is independent of the slope of the trough and will be used in conjunction with the always needed second portion 102.

The templates 60 and 74 are mainly formed in the same two parts as the template 98, i. j. they have one part independent of the chute gradient and one of the releasable joints 4 with another part which is of a form that always creates the desired inclination.

The other portions of the templates 60 and 74 are formed at their ends in the same manner as the second portion 102, i.e. the second part 102, i.e. j. the slope is formed by a scythe-like wall, on which there is a fastening strip, which will always have other parts screwed on the front walls of the part intended to form a trough. The arcs of the other portions of the templates 60 and 74 are each adapted to the desired channel shape.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS A mold for making sewer manholes each having at least two inlet ports, in particular lower portions of sewage manholes, with a sheath having throat inserts and one sheath placed in said sheath, one end face of which is in the form of a gutter in the floor of an existing sewer a well-positioned, matching template with an outwardly protruding protrusion which forms a matched exterior surface on the channel wall in the shaft floor, characterized in that the protrusion (50) of the first portion (100) extends into the shaft slope surfaces at its lower part, and is provided with an arched second portion (102), forming a seat adapted to the slope of the gutter floor, and being removably connected to the first portion (100). Mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the template (34, 60, 74) has a round edge (44) and one shoulder (46), which is radially inwardly disposed, which can be easily inserted into the hollow cylindrical cores (14). Mold according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second part (102) has a vault adapted to the bottom of the trough, one end of which is connected to the sickle wall (108) and which carries a molding (112) screwable to the first part ( 100). Mold according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first part (100) is provided with flat parts (54) for forming the side walls of the gutter that terminate at approximately half of the gutter height and that each at the beginning and end of the gutter. the walls (110, 111) are disposed in a corresponding part of the first part (100), the flat parts (54) of which protrude as shoulders for the second arch-forming part (102). Mold according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projection (50, 62) extends directly from one point on the edge (44) to another point on the edge (44) or extends from one point of the edge (44) of the template (34) in a circular arc, preferably in the form of a quadrilateral, to another point of the edge (44) and has walls (72) on the faces. Mold according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the three projections (78, 80, 82), which always extend from one point on the edge (44) of the template (74), are joined in the center of the template (74). ) and have walls (84) on their end faces at the edge (44). A mold according to claim 6, characterized in that the faces of the projections (78, 80, 82) are spaced apart from one another along the edge (44). Mold according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inclined surfaces (56, 68, 92, 94) towards the edge (44) have a slope of 1:20. Mold according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inclined surfaces (56, 68, 92, 94) are tub-shaped. 3 drawings