SK277953B6 - Undercarriage of railway load cars - Google Patents

Abstract

Undercarriage without box of car resistant to twist is determined mainly for doubleaxle cars with length bigger than 13 m, measured cross buffers and with lateral buffers on both frontal parts it consists of external longitudinal beams (1) and of cross beams (4) arranged firmly between them. For catching of vertical powers from load and it is created as whole comparable soft in screw. Between external longitudinal beams (1) of undercarriage is arranged in transversal direction of wagon minimal one in screw firm hollow beam (2) with stiffness of screw, which is with external longitudinal beams (1) connected firmly in screw, at which is lower side (30) of hollow beam (2) are arranged the opening (4). The dimension, from and/or section of this openings (3), or dimension, section and/or thickness of wall of hollow beam (2) and/or more these parameters in common are given with dimension of stiffness in screw.

Description

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bogie wagon without a short-circuit-proof wagon body, in particular two-axle wagons, with an excessive length and two side buffers arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal centerline of the wagon in both directions. and the vertical forces from the load and the crossbars rigidly disposed therebetween to absorb the vertical forces from the load, the assembly being formed noticeably soft in the short.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the known bogies of freight wagons without a wagon-resistant wagon body of normal length, i.e. a length measured over buffers of up to approximately 13 m, there are no problems with regard to the short-circuit resistance of the bogie because, inter alia, compared to the wagon length of comparatively large size and sufficient to prevent unwanted wheel unloading.

However, if the bogie wagons without a wagon-proof wagon body have an excessive length, that is to say the length measured over buffers of more than 13 m, the overhangs at the same axle distance are comparatively large, while the bogie weight increases only disproportionately. Chassis of this type for railway freight wagons, in particular two-axle railway wagons, have an extreme tendency to derail when shunting. The wheel unload inside the bend becomes impermissibly large as the length of the wagon increases, so that derailment cannot be guaranteed anymore. In order to ensure derailment safety for these excessively long two-axle wagons, the stiffness of the wagon in the short must be relatively high, the stiffness in the short being dependent on the wagon length over the buffers and on the wagon's own weight. The fifth principle that the stiffness in the short must be greater the lighter the wagon. Otherwise, the bogie must be based on the expected introduction of automatic central couplings, that is, for possible future adjustment of the central coupler, if possible, in a short, soft manner, so that as little as possible lightening of the wheels occurs in elevated ramps and rails. In the meantime, however, modern two-axle freight wagons have reached such a large, i.e. excessive, measured length across the buffers that, when operating with a screw coupling, due to the high longitudinal compressive forces, a reliable movement of such a wagon cannot be sufficiently ensured. In order to ensure derailment reliability in excessively long two-axle freight wagons, the short-circuit stiffness of the side-bumper operation shall not fall below the specified values. Dependencies between the length measured through the buffers and the required minimum bolt stiffness are described in the relevant UIC-Merkblatt 530-2. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a construction element which, if sufficiently installed or assembled, precisely determines the behavior of the bogie and hence of the freight wagon in the short. It is therefore necessary to achieve a defined short stiffness, defined within narrow limits.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a rail freight wagons of the type mentioned at the outset, which, if sufficiently assembled or installed, ensures the required short-circuit value of the bogie and hence the rail freight wagon at low production costs.

According to the invention, at least one short-hollow hollow beam with the required rigidity is arranged in the transverse direction of the chassis between the outer longitudinal members of the bogie, which is rigidly connected to the outer long-beams in the short and the openings are particularly underside. the shape and / or cross-section of these openings, or the size, cross-section and / or wall thickness of the hollow beam and / or more of these parameters together, is determined by the desired size of the stiffness in the shunt. In this case, each hollow beam formed in a defined manner is rigid in the short. By means of hollow beams, which are designed to be defined rigidly in the short, the undercarriage of the freight wagon and thus the entire freight wagon acquires not only a comparatively high stiffness in the short but also precisely defined, i.e. within predetermined nominal values between minimum and maximum. shortened stiffness. In this case, the hollow beams can be designed, for example, in a box with a rectangular cross-section and as an integrated part of the crossbar for the transmission of vertical forces. The cross-section of the hollow beam, the thickness of its wall or the underside of the hollow beam provide openings, the size and shape of which determine the stiffness of the hollow beam shackle or more of these parameters together determine the stiffness in the bolt of the entire bogie. The hollow beam can also be in the form of a tube with a circular cross-section. Thus, it is not necessary in any case to arrange holes on the underside of the hollow beam, as has also been shown by practical experiments.

According to preferred embodiments, the hollow beams are arranged either in the middle of the wagon length, or a plurality of hollow beams are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the wagon length center and / or multiple hollow beams are arranged in the middle of the wagon length and symmetrically on both sides of the wagon length center. By virtue of the possible arrangement of one or more hollow beams, extremely rigid bogies can also be formed in the shunt with the required stiffness in the shunt. When a hollow beam is formed in a box-shaped form, the beam can replace one or more crossbars and can also be used to transmit the vertical forces generated by the loading of the wagon.

Further expedient embodiments of the invention, which in particular ensure the torsional stiffness of the connection of the hollow beams to the longitudinal members, as well as showing an advantageous application of the invention, are set forth in further claims.

Overall, the invention achieves that the bogies are soft enough to haul rail freight wagons to maintain wheel relief in the cant region, especially in S-shaped track curves and in track errors within the permissible limits, while being rigid enough in a shunt for pushing the freight wagons to keep the lightened wheels moving on the inside of the track bend within the allowable limits. Doing so must

The greater the lighter and / or longer the rail freight wagon, the greater the stiffness in the bolt. Otherwise, the number of crossbars which are required in addition to the hollow beams and which are rigidly arranged between the side members is not critical to the application of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Figure 1 schematically shows a vertical longitudinal section through the undercarriage of a railway freight wagon according to the invention.

2 is a schematic plan view of the bogie of FIG. 1 with a partial section.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a vertical longitudinal section through a bogie of a freight wagon according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the bogie of Figure 3;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

On the bogie of the freight wagon shown in FIG. 1, hollow beams 2 are arranged between the outer longitudinal members 1, which are fixedly connected to the outer longitudinal members 1 in the screw. The hollow beams 2 have a box shape with a rectangular cross-section, the wall thickness of each hollow beam 2 and its cross-section being dimensioned in accordance with the torsional forces. In the underside 20 of the hollow beam 2, openings 3 are provided, the dimensions of which allow a possible additional fine adjustment of the torsional stiffness. Each hollow beam 2 is so integrated in the bogie crossbar system 4 that it is simultaneously used either directly as a subfloor for the floor 5 or indirectly via the floor beams 6 for laying the floor 5. The hollow beams 2 can be arranged according to the desired bogie stiffness. at the center of the wagon length or symmetrically on both sides of the center of the wagon length or at the center of the wagon length and symmetrically on both sides of the center of the wagon length. In this exemplary embodiment, the hollow beams 2 contribute about 60% to the stiffness of the entire rail freight wagon in the bolt and prevent unwanted wheel relieving during pusher shifting, especially when traveling in a curved track.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, tubular hollow beams 2 with a circular cross-section are arranged in the bogie of the freight wagon between the outer side members 1. The dimensions of these hollow beams 2 in terms of their cross-section and their wall thickness are also determined in accordance with the required stiffness in the screw. As can be seen, no openings 3 are provided in this embodiment as in the embodiment of FIG. The arrangement of these tubular beams 2, as in the first embodiment of the invention, can be carried out again in the middle of the wagon length or symmetrically on both sides of the middle of the wagon length or in the middle of the wagon length and symmetrically on both sides of the middle of the wagon length. In this exemplary embodiment, the hollow beams 3 contribute more than 60%, if required up to about 90% of the stiffness of the entire rail freight wagon in the screw, without the stiffness in the screw exceeding a predetermined maximum value.

Industrial usability

The bogie according to the invention is useful in the field of transport, especially for railway freight wagons.

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Undercarriage of freight wagons without short-circuit-proof wagon body, in particular for two-axle wagons, of excessive length and two side buffers, arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal centreline of the wagon in the direction of travel on both ends, consisting of outer longitudinal catchers and the vertical load forces and the crossbars rigidly arranged therebetween to absorb the vertical load force, the assembly being of comparable softness in the shunt, characterized in that at least one bolt rigidly arranged in the transverse direction of the wagon is arranged in the transverse direction of the wagon. a hollow beam (2) having the desired stiffness in the shunt, which is rigidly connected to the outer side members (1) in the shunt, and openings (3) are arranged in the bottom (20) of the hollow beam (2), the size, shape and / or cross section these openings (3), optionally the size, cross-section and / or wall thickness The hollow beam (2) and / or more of these parameters together are determined by the desired amount of stiffness in the screw. Chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow beam (2) is formed in a cabinet with a rectangular cross-section and as an integrated part of the crossbar (4) for the transmission of vertical forces. Chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hollow beam (2) is in the form of a tube with a circular cross-section. Chassis according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hollow beam (2) is arranged in the middle of the wagon length. Chassis according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a plurality of hollow beams (2) are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the center of the wagon length. Chassis according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a plurality of rigid beams (2) are arranged in the center of the wagon length and symmetrically on both sides of the center of the wagon length. Chassis according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hollow beams (2) are welded over the entire circumference to the side faces of the side members (1). Chassis according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the lateral distance between the outer side members (1) is at least equal to the lateral distance between the side buffers.