SK192003A3 - Fixing device for a laminated wall element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a fixing device for a wall element consisting of a laminated glass pane, whereof the sheet on the building side has through openings, wherein are provided fixing elements pressed against the rear surface, facing the laminated part, of the sheet on the building side. The invention is characterised in that the sheet (2) on the external side is provided with recesses (5) axially aligned on the openings in the sheet (1) on the building side, open towards the latter and preferably having an internal diameter larger than the openings (4), the end portions of the fixing elements (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) penetrating into the recesses (5), and each time at least the hollow space formed between the wall of the recess (5) and the end portion of the fixing element (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) being filled with a hardened filling mass (10).

Description

Technical field

The present invention generally relates to a fastening device for a laminated wall piece which has to be attached to the building structure without a subframe and which is made, for example, of metal. In particular, the present invention relates to a fastening device for a wall panel comprising a laminated panel formed of several panes, wherein the wall panel is provided with through holes, for example bores, in which the fasteners which exert pressure on the rear surface of the building side panel are oriented towards the laminated panel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Such a fastening device can be used not only for fastening laminated panels consisting of glass panes with adhesive interlayers, but also in combination with combined glass / plastic laminates or laminated panels made of multilayer plastic. In addition, said fastening device can also be used for panels consisting of other laminated materials, for example stone, ceramics and the like. All of these applications are implicitly included within the scope of the present invention without the need for specific disclosure in the following description, and in particular are implicitly included in the terms "wall panel and / or" laminated panel ". However, applications used in conjunction with laminated glass panels are particularly important.

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For the sake of clarity and clarity, it should also be noted that the terms "on the wall" or "on the building side" will always refer in the context herein to the side or panel of a laminated panel facing or facing towards the supporting structure, for example and / or the inner side, wherein the term "inner side" or "inner side" in the context herein refers to a free side or a sheet located on the side arranged at a distance from the support structure.

Various embodiments of this type of fastener for laminated glass panels are known in the art. For example, EP-A2-0 277 535 discloses a fastening device in which the glass-side drillings on the side of the building exhibit, on the side facing the adhesive layer, a truncated cone-shaped recess of the undercut drill type. The conical head bolt is inserted into the bore by forced engagement and insertion of the plastic sleeve, with the circular surface of the conical head aligned with the flat surface of the glass pane on the side of the building.

EP-B1-0 340 089 discloses a fastener for laminated glass panels of the above type, in which fasteners are located in bores of a glass pane on the side of a building equipped with a plate retainer which, on the one hand, acts on the surface a glass sheet on the side of the building in the peripheral area of the pressure drilling and which, on the other hand, is adhesively adhered to the outer glass sheet by means of an intermediate layer of a laminated glass panel.

EP-A1-0 799 949 also describes, inter alia, a fastening device of the aforementioned generally applicable type. In this embodiment, the glass pane on the side of the building is also provided with drill holes expanded undercut. Flange is inserted into these undercut bores

32056 / T nut in which a threaded bolt is screwed in before the wall part is assembled.

In these fastening devices known in the art, the weight of the outer glass pane is transmitted solely by the thermoplastic binding layer of the laminated glass panel. In the case of wall panels containing large and heavy exterior glass panes, this can cause widespread problems in cases where the paneling is heavily heated by sunlight and, as a result, the thermoplastic bonding layer weakens due to heat.

DE-C1-197 51 124 discloses an apparatus for attaching laminated glass panels in which the outer glass pane on the side facing the glass pane on the side of the building is provided with recessed blind holes that are coaxial to the bores provided in the glass pane on the side building. The fastening elements include a countersunk pin with a spacer element which is anchored in the recessed blind drill by forced engagement. In this case, the load of the outer glass sheet is no longer transmitted by the thermoplastic adhesive layer, but by the spacer element introduced into the blind bore. However, this spacer element exerts a considerable amount of radial and axial forces on the periphery of the borehole of the countersink drilling, which in turn results in a slight breaking or cracking of the glass.

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved fastening device for wall parts made of a laminate material, the improvement of which mainly consists in improving the load-bearing capacity of the outer panes.

This object is achieved by the features characterized in claims 1. In dependent claims 2 to 23, preferred embodiments of the claimed object are then characterized, while claim 24 et seq. Relate to a wall part provided with the proposed fastening device and walls formed from these parts.

The laminated panel fastening device according to the present invention therefore differs from the default fastening device of the aforementioned generally applicable type in that the outer panel of the laminated panel is provided with recesses which are axially aligned with openings or holes in the wall panel and open towards them. wherein the end portions of the fasteners penetrate into these recesses and that, in any case, at least the hollow space formed between the wall of the recess and the end portion of the fastener is filled with the cured filler. The fastening elements thus extend over the entire thickness of the pane on the wall, but only partially penetrate the outer pane.

As a result, the load of the outer sheet is transmitted mainly through the fasteners without causing undesired intensities to be applied to other (glass) sheets incorporated in the laminate due to the arrangement of the fasteners.

This fastening device can naturally also be used for laminated panels comprising more than two panes. In all such configurations, said recesses are, of course, provided in a board arranged as

32056 / T outermost, while the other panes arranged behind the outermost pan facing towards the support structure are provided with through holes which are axially aligned with each other to pass the fastener.

The recesses may have internal dimensions or diameters that are the same or similar to the dimensions of the openings to which the recesses are associated. However, they may also have internal dimensions or diameters that are larger than the dimensions of the holes associated with them. It is particularly preferred that the recess is filled with the filler completely up to the surface inside the laminate facing the bottom of the recess. This surface may be formed by a portion of the building surface of the building that is part of the laminate, or by walls of a recessed hole within the recess. Also due to this equipment, the action of axial forces is absorbed by the fastener.

The apertures passing through the panel on the wall side may be in the form of circular bores, rectangular or elongated holes, or holes of other other cross-sections. Also, the recesses may be formed as circular blind holes, rectangular or elongate recesses, or openings of other suitable shape configurations and cross sections (e.g., truncated, dovetail, and the like), depending on the shape configuration of the holes associated therewith. in any case, they do not completely pass through the relevant board.

These recesses are preferably cylindrical blind holes, rectangular recesses and the like, however, they may also be embedded with a slightly conical cross-sectional shape, since such embedded holes of a slightly conical cross-section are easy to manufacture under certain circumstances, particularly in conjunction with glass panes. In this case also, the largest internal dimension or diameter of the recess is located within the recess, and the recess must have at least such an inner diameter on the surface of the outer pane,

32056ΓΓ that matches the diameter of the associated hole in the building side panel.

As a result, all free cross-sections or hollow spaces or recessed recesses which are intended to receive the fastener and which may be filled with filler are located inside the laminated panel. At the same time, the outer (visible) surface of the outer wall of the wall panel remains without any perforation.

Usually, it is desirable to fill the apertures and recesses in the sheets prior to the necessary insertion of the fasteners, so that only relatively small slits or unoccupied cavities that are ultimately filled with filler remain there after the fasteners have been introduced. Therefore, circular or polygonal fasteners, such as bolts or radial pins, will be used when holes and recesses of circular cross-section are used. If the openings and recesses of the elongated cross-section are associated with each other, the fasteners will also be elongated in shape, for example strips, bars, flat wires, ribs or the like. In this case, their longitudinal dimension will preferably be oriented transversely with respect to the direction of gravity to reduce the surface load.

By filling the recesses with the filler and then hardening them, a perfect bond is achieved between the end portion of the fastener and the recess, in which no peak force load is applied to the inner surface of the hole, even in the case of a heavy weight outer sheet. On the other hand, although the wall of the inner surface of the hole is subjected to uniform pressure, it remains free from the application of further radial or axial compressive forces. Thanks to this equipment, the loads of the outer sheet acting in the recess area are transmitted reliably and without risk of damage to the sheet, with the adhesive layer of the laminate thus substantially not carrying any load.

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In order to be able to apply the binder, fasteners must first be inserted into the holes provided for this purpose in the laminated panel until it is assembled and assembled. This sequence of steps has the advantage that the manufacturing process of the laminated panels is not adversely affected, for example by the protruding metal components, compared to the solutions known in the art.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hollow space formed between the recess wall and the end portion of the fastener is filled with filler to the surface of the panel on the side of the building facing the bottom of the recess. The mounting and retaining of the fastening element in relation to the rear side of the building-side pane is thus extremely uniform and efficient, so that the fastening element can absorb considerable axial forces. Furthermore, it is furthermore advantageous, but not absolutely necessary, to fill the hollow space between the fastening element and the through hole in the filler so as to ensure that the load is transferred from the peripheral surface to the fastening element.

Further, in accordance with another improved embodiment of the present invention, the ability of the fastener to transmit a load in the axial direction may be increased by the rigid connection of at least the end portion of the fastener to the filler. Such a rigid connection is preferably provided by providing, at least on the peripheral surface of the end portion of the fastener, one or more circumferential grooves for anchoring the filler. When filling the hollow space with a filler, which is liquid in the initial state, this filler also penetrates into said grooves. After curing, it is anchored in the notches by forced engagement with the fastener.

In a preferred embodiment, the fastener is provided with a through axial bore through which the filler can be poured into the recess from the outside. According to another improved embodiment, at least

32056 / T one radial bore connected to an axial bore, for example a transverse bore or a bore provided near or at the end of a fastener that is inserted into the recess. Despite this axial bore, the filler can escape from the recess in the radial direction, even though the free end of the fastener is almost in contact with the bottom of the recess and the outlet hole of the axial bore is very narrow.

In a preferred embodiment, the fastening device is provided with a depth limiting stop connected to the fastening element, the depth limiting stop exerting pressure on the surface of the laminated panel and defining the insertion depth of the fastening element. This stop may be fixed (as an integral part) to the fastening element or adjustable. For example, it may be in the form of a plate, in the form of a circumferential flat rib or in the form of protruding protrusions. In addition, there may be an adhesive bond between the depth limiting stop and the facing surface of the laminated panel, which connection allows the transmission of greater axial forces through the fastening element.

Finally, particularly in cases where the outer pane is formed of a transparent material, such as glass, the locations where the fasteners or the filler are applied are preferably covered so that they are not visible from the outside. For this purpose it is possible, inter alia, to use intermediate elements which are supported at the bottom of the recess, for example covers or slats, opaque lining or the like.

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Overview of pictures in pictures

The present invention, its features, improvements and advantages will be explained in more detail in the following description of its particular exemplary embodiments, in conjunction with the laminated glass panels shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a full fastening bolt provided with an external thread;

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a fastening bolt provided with an external thread and axial bore;

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a fastening bolt provided with a female thread. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a fastening bolt provided with internal thread and axial bore; and FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a connecting threaded cylindrical shaft aligned with the panel surface acting as a fastening element.

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following exemplary embodiments, which are not limited to the materials mentioned in connection with the laminated panels, disclose fasteners for laminated glass panels comprising two sheets of glass and / or plastic. However, it is understood that the panels may also be panels consisting of laminated materials consisting of three or more plastic and / or glass sheets. In addition, the holes in the exemplary embodiments are also realized in the form of blind hole bores and countersinks.

In the following examples, the laminated glass panel constituting the wall part consists of a glass pane 7 on the side of the building, an outer glass pane 2 and a thermoplastic adhesive layer 3 interconnecting the two glass sheets 1, 2 and preferably consisting of polyvinyl butyral. One of the two glass panes 1, 2, or both, may be provided with a transparent or even opaque protective coating, not shown in the accompanying drawings, for example a heat reflecting coating. The glass pane 7 on the side of the building preferably consists of prestressed glass, in particular glass cured or tempered by chemical or heat treatment, preferably by heat treatment. This sheet is provided with cylindrical bores 4 which are formed before the biasing process. Blind holes 5 are formed in the outer glass sheet 2, which are aligned as accurately as possible with said bores 4. The diameter of these blind holes is, for example, a few millimeters larger than the diameter of the bore 4. The thermoplastic adhesive layer 3 is concentrically concentric The diameter of these recesses corresponds to the diameter of the blind holes 5. As a result of the existence of a difference in the diameter of the blind holes 5 and the bore 4, a circular annular space is formed on the side of the laminate-oriented building 7. Heretofore, all of the embodiments described herein exhibit the same characteristics as a result thereof

32056 / T these common features will not be repeated in the remaining description.

For the sake of simplicity, the support structure to which the laminated panels are attached is not described in detail. A suitable connection to the support structure can be realized independently of each other for each individual fastening point formed by the fastening element. In another embodiment, a plurality of fasteners, which are disposed relatively close to each other or arranged in the peripheral zones of the pressure laminated panels, may be joined by means of a plate or other structure to form an assembly that is then assembled to the assembly supporting structure.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the fastening element is a cylindrical bolt 7 which protrudes from the glass pane 7 on the side of the building and is provided with an external thread 8 on its protruding part. The opposite end of this bolt 7 is provided with a circumferential groove 9.

In order to attach the bolt 7 to the laminated glass panel, the liquid filler 10 is poured into the blind hole 5 through the bore 4, while the laminated glass panel is positioned in a flat position, so that the blind hole 5 is practically filled. For example, a binder with the designation " HILTI HIT HY 50 " The binder does not adhere to the glass and, with respect to the adhesive layer 3 with which the binder is in contact, behaves incompatible. After the curing or setting, the filler exhibits an inelastic behavior.

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After pouring the filler 10 into the blind hole 5, a bolt 7 is introduced into the bore 4 and at the same time pushed in a few millimeters into the filler 10, which then runs into the groove 9. In order to allow air to escape when the bolt 7 is introduced into the bore, naturally, equipped with means for extracting air. To ensure that the bolt 7 is seated in the center of the bore, a centering ring 11 is placed on its shank whose outer diameter corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the bore 4. In this arrangement, the centering ring, in addition to the centering function, also transfers the load to the fastener. Further, a plate 13, acting as a depth limiting stop 13, is preferably provided on the bolt 7 and is preferably provided with an adhesive layer 12, which plate is adhesively adhered to the glass sheet 7 by means of said adhesive layer 12 and its position delimited by a nut 14. use a non-adhesive pliable interlayer. The depth of insertion of the bolt 7 is preferably determined by presetting the plate 13 on the shaft of the bolt in the longitudinal direction by means of a nut 14.

In a variation of this embodiment (not shown), the bolt and the plate could be formed as one piece that provides a precisely set depth of insertion of the bolt into the laminated panel and into the filler. However, this arrangement assumes strict adherence to the dimensions with respect to the available depth of recess.

After the filler has cured, the filler exerts a pressure on the annular annular surface 15 of the glass pane 7 surrounding the bore 4 and located inside the laminated panel, whereby the adhesive forces acting in the assembled state are applied to the laminated glass panel - and captured and transferred via the filler 10 or nut 14 to the bolt 7 and to the support structure to which the bolt is attached.

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In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the bolt 16 is provided with a through axial bore 17. In addition, the blind hole 5 has a cover 18 formed, for example, of chrome-plated brass, and tightly pressed onto the walls of the blind hole 5. Through this cover 18 the bolt 16 and filler 10 are visible from the outside covered. In this embodiment, during assembly, the bolt 16 provided with the plate 13 is first inserted into the bore 4 and introduced into the desired position. In this state, the bolt 16 with the plate 13, by means of the adhesive layer 12 or other usable method, is fixed at a predetermined insertion depth. The liquid filler 10 is then poured into the hollow space formed between the bolt 16, the cover 18 and the inner surface of the bore 4 through the bore 17 so that the space in the area of the bore 4 is completely filled with this binder. space introduced by injection. Naturally, it must also be provided with air extraction means, which in this case takes place through the annular opening between the bolt 16 and the peripheral surface of the bore 4 and further through the adhesive layer 12 and / or the plate 13. After the filler 10 has cured a ready-to-use support structure, which is fastened to the support structure again via the male thread of the bolt 16.

The embodiment of the fastening device of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is comparable to the embodiment described in connection with FIG. In this case, however, a cover 18 is provided in the blind hole 5. The bolt 20 is provided, on the one hand, with an external thread 8 for adjusting the position of the plate 13 using a nut 14, and, on the other hand, with an internal thread 21 part to the supporting structure.

Another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, comprises a fastening bolt 23, which is again provided in the part extending from the glass pane on the side of the building with an external thread 8 for adjusting the position of the plate 13 and an internal thread 21 for receiving another thereto

320S6 / T screw-in bolt (not shown) for attaching the wall piece to the supporting structure. In addition, the bolt 23 on its part penetrating the interior of the laminated glass panel is provided with a through axial bore 24. The bore serves the same as in the embodiment described in connection with FIG. 2, for filling the filler 10. In this case, only the lamella 25 is disposed on the bottom of the blind hole 5, instead of the cover, whereby the lamella performs the same function as the cover 18 in the embodiments described above. In this case, the filler in the area of the bottom of the recess, and possibly its inner wall, in the area of the housing 18 or the lamella 25 should be covered with an opaque lining, optically.

Another embodiment of the fastening device according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 5. In this case, the fastening element 27 is provided with a hollow cylindrical shaft 28. The fastening element 27, or the metal cover 18, is again provided with a groove 9 on the part passing into the blind hole 5 which serves to anchor the filler 10. The outer face of the fastening The element 27 terminates in alignment with the surface 29 of the glass sheet 7. During assembly, the fastening element 27 is introduced into the bore of the laminated glass panel and the subsequent filling with the filler 10 is carried out as described above. In this case, positioning and centering of the fastener during pouring and curing of the filler 10 can be facilitated by temporarily screwing another fastener into the female thread 28, which positions the fastening device relative to the surface of the glass sheet 7 and which subsequently, after the filler has cured 10 , deletes.

Finally, it should be noted that when using rectangular or elongate holes, recesses and fasteners, the results obtained will not differ in any way from those obtained in connection with the above-described embodiments of the fastener shown in the accompanying drawings in side sections.

Claims (28)

A fastening device for a wall element comprising a laminated panel, in particular a laminated glass panel, in which a building-side panel is provided with through holes, with fastening elements therein which exert pressure on the rear surface of the building-side panel facing the laminated panel characterized in that the pane (2) on the outside of the laminated panel is provided with recesses (5) which are axially aligned with the openings (4) in the building-side pane (1) and open towards these openings, (5) penetrate the end portions of the fasteners (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) and that, in any case, there is at least a hollow space formed between the wall of the recess (5) and the end portion of the fastener (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) filled with cured filler (10). Fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses (5) have internal diameters larger than the holes (4), are filled with the filler (10) completely up to the surface (15) inside the laminate facing the bottom of the recess (5), this surface being constituted by the active surface of the pane (1) on the side of the building housed in the laminate or by a recessed hole within the recess. Fastening device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening, recess and fastening element are of elongated shape and of mutually adapted lengths. 32056 / T Fastening device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening is a circular bore (4) and the recess is a cylindrical blind hole (5) of larger diameter than the bore and that the hollow space between the wall of the blind hole (5) and the end portion the fastener (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) is filled with filler (10) up to the annular surface (15) of the panel (1) on the side of the building facing the blind hole (5). Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the hollow space between the peripheral surface of the opening (4) extending through the building-side pane (1) and the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23, 27), an element (centering ring (11)), the purpose of which is to adjust the position of the fastener within the opening. Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow space between the peripheral surface of the opening (4) extending through the building-side pane (1) and the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) is at least partially filled with cured filler (10). Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end portion of the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) is connected to the filler (10) in a non-yielding, in particular forced engagement, in the axial direction. Fastening device according to claim 7, characterized in that the end portion of the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23, 27) is provided on its peripheral surface with one or more grooves (9) for anchoring the filler (10). 32056 / T Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (16, 23) has a through axial bore (17, 23). A fastening device according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one radial bore is connected to its axial bore in the end portion of the fastener. Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23) is a bolt extending from the glass pane (1) on the side of the building and provided with an external thread (8). Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (20, 23) is a bolt extending from the glass pane (1) on the side of the building and provided with an internal thread (21). Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is, in any case, provided with a depth limiting stop connected to the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23), in particular a plate (13) surrounding said fastening element, which abuts the surface of the laminated panel on the side of the building. Fastening device according to claim 13, characterized in that the plate (13) for defining the insertion depth of the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23) is pre-connected to the fastening element (nut (14)). 32056 / T Fastening device according to claim 13, characterized in that the plate (13) for defining the depth of insertion of the fastening element (7, 16, 20, 23) is fixedly connected to the fastening element, and in particular formed in one piece therewith. Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate (13) is adhesively adhered to the facing surface of the laminated panel. Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (27) is provided with an internal thread (28) and terminates in alignment with the building side surface (29) of the glass pane (1). Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an overlap (18, 25) covering at least their bottom, in each case formed from an opaque material, is located in the outside recesses (5) of the pane. The fastening device according to claim 18, characterized in that the overlap is formed by an opaque lining covering the bottom and, optionally, the walls of the recess. Fastening device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the overlap is formed by dimensionally adapted covers (18) or slats (25). 32056 / T Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filler (10) is a non-elastic filler which does not adhere to the glass. Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive layer (3) connecting the two laminated panel panels (1, 2) to each other is provided in the region of the fastening elements (7, 16, 20, 23, 27). apertures the inside diameter of which corresponds at least to the width of the apertures (4) passing through the building-side pane (1). Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive layer (3) connecting the two laminated panel panels (1, 2) to each other is provided in the region of the fastening elements (7, 16, 20, 23, 27). apertures whose inner diameter corresponds at least to the width of the recess (5) in the glass pane (2) on the outside. A wall component comprising a laminated panel, in particular a laminated glass panel comprising at least two panes of glass, characterized in that it is provided with at least one fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims. The wall element according to claim 24, characterized in that at least one of the sheets (1,2) forming the laminated panel is a prestressed glass pane. The wall element according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that at least one of the sheets (1,2) constituting the laminated panel is provided with a protective coating. 32056 / T A wall element or wall element assembly according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that a plurality of adjacent side-by-side fasteners in one or more wall members exerting pressure on each other are coupled by a connecting element behind forming an assembly that is integral with the support structure. A wall consisting of wall parts secured to a support structure, comprising wall parts according to any one of claims 24 to 26.