SK159595A3 - Manufacture of n-phosphonomethylglycine and its salts - Google Patents
Manufacture of n-phosphonomethylglycine and its salts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK159595A3 SK159595A3 SK1595-95A SK159595A SK159595A3 SK 159595 A3 SK159595 A3 SK 159595A3 SK 159595 A SK159595 A SK 159595A SK 159595 A3 SK159595 A3 SK 159595A3
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- catalyst
- hydrolysis
- oxidation
- medium
- Prior art date
Links
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RLHAMZNSDHDVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)methylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN1CCOC1=O RLHAMZNSDHDVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- MGRVRXRGTBOSHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound NCP(O)(O)=O MGRVRXRGTBOSHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- OWOIXRFDMCACSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropyl)-hydroxyphosphinate Chemical compound NCC(O)CP(O)(O)=O OWOIXRFDMCACSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 3
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- SCQKIXZMVJQAMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyethylamino)methylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OCCNCP(O)(O)=O SCQKIXZMVJQAMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Pt] Chemical compound [C].[Pt] DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/3804—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
- C07F9/3808—Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
- C07F9/3813—N-Phosphonomethylglycine; Salts or complexes thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB939312740A GB9312740D0 (en) | 1993-06-21 | 1993-06-21 | Manufacture of n-phosphonomethylglycine and its salts |
| GB939325546A GB9325546D0 (en) | 1993-12-14 | 1993-12-14 | Manufacture of n-phosphonomethylglycine and its salts |
| PCT/GB1994/001156 WO1995000523A1 (en) | 1993-06-21 | 1994-05-27 | Manufacture of n-phosphonomethylglycine and its salts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK159595A3 true SK159595A3 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
Family
ID=26303098
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK1595-95A SK159595A3 (en) | 1993-06-21 | 1994-05-27 | Manufacture of n-phosphonomethylglycine and its salts |
Country Status (30)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5500485A (no) |
| EP (1) | EP0712410B1 (no) |
| JP (1) | JP3499242B2 (no) |
| KR (1) | KR960703128A (no) |
| CN (1) | CN1040111C (no) |
| AT (1) | ATE151431T1 (no) |
| AU (1) | AU687812B2 (no) |
| BG (1) | BG100226A (no) |
| BR (1) | BR9406832A (no) |
| CA (1) | CA2162897A1 (no) |
| CZ (1) | CZ284904B6 (no) |
| DE (1) | DE69402556T2 (no) |
| DK (1) | DK0712410T3 (no) |
| ES (1) | ES2100067T3 (no) |
| FI (1) | FI956116A0 (no) |
| GB (1) | GB9410524D0 (no) |
| GR (1) | GR3023090T3 (no) |
| HU (1) | HU214362B (no) |
| IL (1) | IL109951A (no) |
| MA (1) | MA23229A1 (no) |
| MY (1) | MY110379A (no) |
| NO (1) | NO303691B1 (no) |
| NZ (1) | NZ266499A (no) |
| PH (1) | PH30303A (no) |
| PL (1) | PL312221A1 (no) |
| SK (1) | SK159595A3 (no) |
| TW (1) | TW360659B (no) |
| WO (1) | WO1995000523A1 (no) |
| YU (1) | YU39394A (no) |
| ZA (1) | ZA944041B (no) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6232494B1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 2001-05-15 | Monsanto Company | Process for the preparation of N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine by oxidizing N-substituted N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine |
| EP1062221B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2006-05-10 | Monsanto Technology LLC | Process for making glyphosate by oxidizing n-substituted glyphosates |
| US6417133B1 (en) | 1998-02-25 | 2002-07-09 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Deeply reduced oxidation catalyst and its use for catalyzing liquid phase oxidation reactions |
| AU2003203448B2 (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 2006-05-18 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Deeply reduced oxidation catalyst and its use for catalyzing liquid phase oxidation reactions |
| DK1104427T3 (da) * | 1998-08-12 | 2005-06-27 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Fremgangsmåde til fremstillingen af N-(phosphonomethyl)glycin ved oxidation af N-substitueret N-(phosphonomethyl)glycin |
| WO2001046208A2 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-28 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Use of a supplemental promoter in conjunction with a carbon-supported, noble-metal-containing catalyst in liquid phase oxidation reactions |
| DK1283841T3 (da) * | 2000-05-22 | 2006-04-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Reaktionssystem til fremstilling af N-(phosphonomethyl)glycinforbindelser |
| CN1674986A (zh) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-09-28 | 孟山都技术公司 | 碲在液相氧化反应用碳担载的含贵金属催化剂中的应用 |
| CN1871245B (zh) | 2003-08-22 | 2010-06-23 | 孟山都技术公司 | N-膦酰基-甲基甘氨酸及其衍生物的制备方法 |
| WO2006031938A2 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-23 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Oxidation catalyst and its use for catalyzing liquid phase oxidation reactions |
| US8252953B2 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2012-08-28 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Metal utilization in supported, metal-containing catalysts |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3969398A (en) * | 1974-05-01 | 1976-07-13 | Monsanto Company | Process for producing N-phosphonomethyl glycine |
| US4235809A (en) * | 1976-08-12 | 1980-11-25 | Petrolite Corporation | α-Amino phosphonic acids |
| US4442041A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1984-04-10 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Method for preparation of N-phosphonomethylglycine |
| US4547324A (en) * | 1982-07-29 | 1985-10-15 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Method for preparation of N-phosphonomethylglycine |
| GB8512230D0 (en) * | 1985-05-14 | 1985-06-19 | Shell Internationale Researche | Preparation of carboxylic acid salt |
| US4810426A (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1989-03-07 | Monsanto Company | Process for making glyphosate from n-phosphonomethyl-2-oxazolidone |
| US4853159A (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-08-01 | Monsanto Company | Process for producing N-phosphonomethylglycine |
-
1994
- 1994-05-26 GB GB9410524A patent/GB9410524D0/en active Pending
- 1994-05-27 AU AU68019/94A patent/AU687812B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-05-27 BR BR9406832A patent/BR9406832A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-05-27 CN CN94192536A patent/CN1040111C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-27 CA CA002162897A patent/CA2162897A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-05-27 EP EP94916316A patent/EP0712410B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-27 AT AT94916316T patent/ATE151431T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-27 SK SK1595-95A patent/SK159595A3/sk unknown
- 1994-05-27 PL PL94312221A patent/PL312221A1/xx unknown
- 1994-05-27 KR KR1019950705617A patent/KR960703128A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-05-27 HU HU9503246A patent/HU214362B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-27 NZ NZ266499A patent/NZ266499A/en unknown
- 1994-05-27 CZ CZ953361A patent/CZ284904B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-27 DE DE69402556T patent/DE69402556T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-27 DK DK94916316.6T patent/DK0712410T3/da active
- 1994-05-27 WO PCT/GB1994/001156 patent/WO1995000523A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-05-27 ES ES94916316T patent/ES2100067T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-27 JP JP50254095A patent/JP3499242B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-02 PH PH48385A patent/PH30303A/en unknown
- 1994-06-07 TW TW083105181A patent/TW360659B/zh active
- 1994-06-08 ZA ZA944041A patent/ZA944041B/xx unknown
- 1994-06-08 IL IL10995194A patent/IL109951A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-17 MA MA23542A patent/MA23229A1/fr unknown
- 1994-06-20 US US08/261,792 patent/US5500485A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-20 YU YU39394A patent/YU39394A/sh unknown
- 1994-06-20 MY MYPI94001592A patent/MY110379A/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-12-18 BG BG100226A patent/BG100226A/bg unknown
- 1995-12-19 FI FI956116A patent/FI956116A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-12-20 NO NO955203A patent/NO303691B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-04-10 GR GR970400484T patent/GR3023090T3/el unknown
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