SK15722000A3

SK15722000A3 - Combined bearing and drive system

Info

Publication number: SK15722000A3
Application number: SK1572-2000A
Authority: SK
Inventors: Peter Klaus Budig; Ralf Werner; Uwe Schuffenhauer
Original assignee: Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg
Priority date: 1999-02-26
Filing date: 2000-02-25
Publication date: 2001-09-11
Also published as: NO20005359D0; PL343670A1; CN1294652A; CA2329664A1; BR0005006A; HUP0102740A2; WO2000050719A1; HUP0102740A3; JP2003526026A; DE19908349A1; EP1082511A1; NO20005359L; AU3160700A

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined bearing and drive system, which consists of a permanently excited magnetic support system comprising at least one stationary and at least one mobile magnet bar, where pairs of opposite stationary and mobile magnet bars have poles of the same polarity. The system also consists of a linear motor which is coupled to the magnetic support system. The linear motor and support system are both housed in the same casing. The aim of the invention is to provide an improved bearing and drive system of this kind which is more compact, more functional, requires fewer materials and is less costly. To this end the support system has a symmetrical structure and all the stationary magnet bars and all the mobile magnet bars are arranged in a separate plane. Said support system is in a delicate balance and comprises symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements.

Description

The invention relates to a combined support and drive system of a permanently excited magnetic support system having at least one fixed and at least one movable array of magnets, wherein the pair of opposing fixed and movable magnet arrays are magnetically equally polarized, and a linear motor coupled to the magnetic a carrier system, wherein the linear motor and carrier system are housed in one common housing.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

DE 40 16 948 A1 discloses a bearing and propulsion system of this kind, wherein the interacting magnets provide, under normal load, a contactless hover, movable by means of a linear motor in the door leaf, which is held by the sliding guide. The positioning of V-shaped permanent magnets is disadvantageous here, because, due to this positioning, a laterally stable guide track on the rotor of the linear motor can not be flat.

In addition, it is known to combine linearly operating devices guided conventionally in mechanical bearings and connected to drive in the form of a rotary motor, by means of ropes, belts, toothed belts, etc. The motors can be operated with control and regulation. The separation of the bearing and the drive is conditional on high construction costs and, on the basis of the mechanical contacts of the bearing points, leads further to signs of wear.

It is therefore an object of the invention to further develop the storage and drive system of the main claim so as to provide a space saving system while increasing functionality and reducing material and cost consumption.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This task is accomplished by a combined support and drive system of a permanently excited magnetic support system having at least one fixed and at least one movable magnet array, the pair of opposing fixed and movable magnet arrays being magnetically polarized, and of a linear motor which has a magnetic support system. wherein the support system is housed in a cabinet according to the invention, wherein the support system is symmetrically assembled and all fixed magnet rows and all movable magnet rows are aligned, wherein the support system is in a symmetrically disposed housing rolling.

a linear motor of one common unstable equilibrium and side guiding elements are connected,

The storage and the advantage that the drive system according to the invention has the optimum placement of the magnetic circuit of the support system can be functionally improved on the one hand by the bearing guidance and on the other hand by the low volume of the manges, which leads to cost.

load capacity with low ·····························································

The functional integration of the bearings and the drive by connecting the permanent magnetic support system to the linear motor allows compact and common placement in a suitable housing. Linear permanently excited, buzzing systems based on the repulsive force action of the same magnetic pole structures are used as the carrier system. A hinged device, for example a single or multi-leaf sliding door, can move there easily and completely noiselessly. Contactless mounting does not cause any wear and no lubricants are required. Since there is no abrasion in the bearing and the bearing and drive system are located entirely inside the housing, the functional disturbances of the technological processes due to external action are minimized. Owing to the design of the unit, separate bearings are not required. This provides a compact, mechanically robust and cost-effective drive.

The housing is preferably made of a lightweight material such as an aluminum profile. Where a high weight load is possible, the U-profile is preferred over other profile shapes due to its own stability.

Position of the housing used Linear motor perpendicular above or below the buoyant, or may be offset laterally, oriented horizontally or vertically.

the linear motor is dependent and the particular situation in which can be placed by the system can be guided linear motor to the hung on the type of installation, for example, working next to it can be a device

Occurring transversely fixed or for mounting a linear system, carried out behind the propulsion system or indirectly self-guided by the system, the engine must indirectly assist in the form of the yoke guided in with the carrier displacements, occurring moving both with forces being compensated by bearing and

The device can be directly attached to the developed rotor by a suspension part of the supporting structure of corresponding construction, for example in or in the arm. The device must be and the device connections compensate for the occurring

When using multi-leaf door devices, the door is joined so that their wings face each other. The connection of the suspension support systems is advantageous.

Magnets works on the effects. This principle state of buoyancy without the efficiency of electrical

Bearing with permanent principle of repulsive force allows stable control devices. No auxiliary energy is needed to maintain the buoyancy. Linear guides of this kind, housed in magnets, are characterized by extremely friction-free parts and are wear-resistant and maintenance-free by virtue of the fact that mechanical friction is eliminated by easy movement co-operation in a noiseless working manner.

Due to the symmetrical design, the permanently excited magnet support systems are in labile equilibrium. Both the fixed beam and the movable beam have rows of magnets which, depending on the embodiment, are spaced apart or spaced apart from one another. The opposite rows of magnets have in each case the same magnetic poles in order to obtain a magnetic force effect. Both fixed and movable beams are designed flat, so that the rows are: • ······································· The magnets to be mounted on them are oriented in one plane and, by means of lateral guiding elements, obtain a labile guide. If the magnetic systems are located exactly in the center of the row of magnets, the lateral force is equal to zero. This position is carried out by means of guide elements. At low tolerances, a large transverse force is obtained which increases excessively with increasing displacement. For sufficient rigidity of the guide, the suspension system with frame is built into the supporting profile.

higher density due to

By using high-energy magnets, such as neodymium-boron-boron (NdFeB), it is possible to obtain substantially higher forces than with hard ferrite magnets due to higher remanent induction.

As a result, the magnetic system can be constructed at a given load-bearing capacity and with high-energy magnets as geometrically small and thus space-saving. The high material cost of using high energy magnets can at least be compensated by the relatively small volume of material.

In principle, the load capacity varies with the air gap, i.e., the distance between the fixed and movable parts of the support system. The smaller the air gap, the greater the load capacity of the magnetic system. The relationship between adjustment and force is generally non-linear.

The suspension system with permanent magnets can be designed as one or more rows. The positioning of the magnetic circuit can be optimized by steel shims by varying the direction of magnetization, spacing by a series of magnets and conducting magnetic fluxes.

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Depending on the location of the magnets, the spacing of adjacent rows of magnets has a decisive influence on the load-bearing capacity. With the same direction of magnetization of adjacent rows of magnets, both fixed and moving parts, this distance should be as large as possible. However, when placing the same rows of magnets on fixed and moving parts, the different polarization of adjacent rows of magnets can develop a greater load capacity at a smaller distance of the magnets.

A further increase in load capacity is possible when the permanent magnets are surrounded by steel parts so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in the area of the air gaps. Here, the steel parts on the sides of the magnet rows, turned by their bases on the air gap, serve as a magnetically closed shutter. Increasing the load capacity is achieved by optimizing the thickness of the steel part on the sides and base of the magnets. In order to save space, it is particularly advantageous to place magnets in steel parts.

The advanced rotor of the linear motor is connected to the suspension part of the support system, the distance of the magnets being made in the region of the high-power magnet reserve. Due to the high force effect of high energy magnets, the length of the beam can be reduced to a minimum, so that the magnets are little needed.

A single-phase or multi-phase AC motor in synchronous or asynchronous design is used as a drive. This engine can be single or double acting. Control, respectively • ···· ·· ··· * ·· ·

7 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ··· The linear motor is controlled by the control electronics. The travel path is sensed by means of sensors which detect the final position of the door and which can also be used for locking functions.

The travel path can also be captured using a magnetic incremental measurement system.

transverse system creates

A double-acting linear two-phase synchronous motor which has no transverse forces is advantageous, so that the overhead line is not stressed in the direction of movement. Direct connection of the carrier to the centrally guided rotor for optimum weight distribution. The support for the guide of the unfolded rotor is placed between the two parts, as compensation of small guide tolerances in the guide rail is necessary.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a synchronous linear motor with a developed rotor without a core is used. The electromagnetically active part has only a length due to axial force, while the part (s) carrying the permanent magnets have a travel distance plus the length of the electromagnetic part. The movement is performed by a short stator, which is placed on the beam.

materials to be made of two-phase winding

It is particularly advantageous that the actuators are small because a two-phase winding is used. Thus, the supply rectifier is also only two-phase and therefore cost-effective.

The use of motors of this kind allows the installation of a technically advantageous location of the drive system. The actuator is positioned horizontally next to the magnetic carrier. · E · · · · ····················· e · ·· ·· ··· system. Thus, the drive can be mounted and dismantled independently of the carrier system. This is not only important when commissioning, but is of decisive importance especially in the case of engine replacement, as only the engine is dismantled. Since the air gap of the support system can be made variable by dimensioning the location of the permanent magnets, contactless operation of the support system can also be guaranteed also when the door is moved. The decisive clearance above the door guide on the underside can thus be determined depending on the way of use.

In addition to being used to drive doors or gates with bearings, the combined support and drive system can also be used in feeding devices, handling devices or transport systems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a combined stowage and drive system with a linear motor mounted at the top.

Fig. 2 combined storage and propulsion system with linear motor down.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the combined stowage and drive system with a linear motor located below.

Fig. 4 another exemplary embodiment of a combined storage device. ·· and the drive system with the linear motor down.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of a combined storage and drive system with a horizontally positioned linear motor.

Fig. 6 shows the location of the magnetic circuit with adjacent rows of magnets of the same magnetizing direction.

Fig. 7 shows the location of a magnetic circuit with adjacent rows of magnets with different polarization.

In the following description, identical or equally acting components are provided with the same reference numerals.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In FIG. 1 to 4 are sketched storage and driving systems b linear motor 2 and the support system 7 are in doing so mutual operatively connection and; are together placed in one cabinets i. moving, to the plane developed rotor 5 linear motor 2 is joined using a joint 6 p suspension part of the carrier system 7. According to an embodiment is or on linear engine 2 or on the carrier system 7

This device 8 can be manufactured, for example, as a connection to a door (not shown) or to a door of an automatic door device. In addition to the use in door and door drives with bearings, the combined support and drive system 1 can also be used in feeding devices, handling devices or conveyor systems.

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The support system 7 consists of a support 9 fixedly mounted on the housing 4 on which a magnetic return closure 10 in the form of a sheet of feromanetic material is placed. The shutter 10 carries two rows of U and 12 permanent magnets. On the movable beam 13 a magnetic closure 14, on which two rows 15 and 16 of magnets are located. On the movable beam 13 is mounted a device 8 to be mounted and driven. The fixed magnet rows 11, 12 and the magnet rows 15, 16 located on the opposite movable beam 13 are polarized so as to produce a repulsive force effect therebetween.

The fixed movable beam 13 is also secured to take over 17 in connection with the side guides

The lateral guidance of the guide elements through the plates 18, which in FIG. 1 and 2 are formed by housing 4.

The linear motor 2 has a magnetic circuit 20 fixedly mounted on the housing 4 and fixed magnet excitation mounted thereon, movable, vertically positioned by the winding 3. Rotor

Between them there is a developed rotor 5 and is mechanically connected by a movable beam 13 by a connection 6.

storage and differs 1 is motor linear motor is connected

The construction of both embodiments of the drive system 1 of FIG. 1 and 2 by placing the essential elements. In FIG.

a support system 7 located below the linear

2, wherein the device 8, the support system 7 and the linear motor 2 lie in the middle. According to FIG. 2 is located at the bottom and the connection 6 with the supporting carrier lying above it. • · · · · · nos nos nos The system 8 is located above the support system 7 on the housing 7, opened upwards.

The mounting of the device 8 on the bearing and drive system 1 is further possible according to FIG. 3 and 4. Here, the form and situation in the built-in wardrobe 4 is relevant. In this case there is the possibility to

In both, for example, the engine device of the construction, in the case of line devices, where the joint on the unfolded or the device on the hinge must be fixed to the door

8, to move in its own door-hinge system has the rotor 5 8 fasten the beam 13.

to compensate for occurring feeds.

According to FIG. 3, the housing 4, consisting of an aluminum profile, is designed to be open downwards. shaped

Profiles, in particular of a similar kind

U, are suitable for use on the basis of their own stability. The device 8 is mounted on the unfolded rotor 5 by the position of the rotor of the linear motor 2. Separate guides 21 on the joint 6 stabilize the center 5 and the device 8 suspended thereon. To facilitate the operation of the mechanism, the guide elements 17 and 21 are designed in an ideal manner as ball bearings. The connection with the second door half is made by a mechanical connection not shown in detail here, such as a rope or belt, so that the door halves move against each other. A fixed connection of the two suspension beams 13 would be advantageous.

According to FIG. 4, the housing 4, consisting of an aluminum profile, is designed to be open upwardly, with a closure spacing. The device 8 is a movable beam 13. The connection of the door can be performed by a wedge belt, which fixes the suspended beam 13 to the door.

From the spatial connected by a special construction 22 with a hinged half motor 2, built-in under the cabinet 4. For optimal distribution centrally mounted underneath Linear motor 2

A suitable linear drive is suitable as a drive, which is due to its flat construction the support system 1 in weight is the linear motor 2 the support system 1 The control is carried out by the control electronics. The power supply voltage is expediently less than 60 V and the nominal current is about 3 A. The displacement path is sensed by means of sensors which identify the final position of the door and which can be used for locking functions. The displacement path can also be sensed using magnetic incremental or analog measurement systems.

The linear motor 2 can be positioned in various ways with respect to the support system 7. The foregoing embodiments concerned vertical locations. The laterally offset location adjacent to the support system 7 is shown schematically in FIG. 5. The synchronous linear motor 2 has a core-free rotor 5 unfolded. The electromagnetically active part has a length only due to the shear force, while the part (s) carrying permanent magnets, paths plus length

The movement performed short have the length of the displaceable electromagnetic stator parts, which consists of a two-phase winding placed on the beam. It is particularly advantageous that the materials to be moved are small because only a two-phase winding is used. The supply rectifier is also made only two-phase and thus cost-effective.

• ·············································

The use of an engine of this kind allows for a non-technically advantageous positioning of the bearing and drive system 1. The linear motor 2 is positioned horizontally next to the magnetic support system 7. This makes it possible to mount and dismantle the linear motor 2 independently of the support system 7. This is crucial not only during commissioning but especially in the case of a repair associated with engine replacement, since only the linear motor 2 is removed. Since the air gap of the system 7 can be created due to the placement of permanent magnets as the contactless support system 7 can also be secured when the door moves. the bottom side can thus be adjusted depending on the application.

L bearing dimensioning variable, operation decisive buoyancy without getting this no auxiliary

The permanent magnetic support system 7 operates on the repulsive force effect principle. This principle of operation allows a stable state of the electrical control devices. There is no energy needed for the buoyancy. By using high-energy magnets, such as neodymium-boron-boron (NdFeB), it is possible, due to the higher remittance induction, to produce a significantly higher force density than with hard ferrite mangetes. Accordingly, at a given load-bearing capacity, the magnetic system can be assembled with high-energy magnets geometrically small and thus space-saving.

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• · · · · · _Λ ·· ·· ·· ·

On the fixed beam 9, as well as on the movable beam 13, are mounted rows H, 12 and 15, 16 of magnets, which are made with or without mutual spacing. The opposing rows ΐχ, 15 and 12, 16 of the magnets are in each case magnetically polarized in order to obtain a magnetic force effect. Both the fixed beam 9 and the movable beam 13 are made straight, so that the rows H, 12, 15, 16 to be fixed thereon are oriented in one plane and by means of the lateral guide elements 17 a stable guide is provided.

By varying the direction of magnetization, the spacing A of the rows

magnets and leadership magnetic flow through steel flaps 10. 14 sa optimizes magnetic circuit. IN addiction on the will be in principle changing load capacity air gap L, that is, s apart

between the fixed and movable beam 9 and 13. The smaller the air gap L, the greater the load-bearing capacity of the support system 7. The relationship between the adjustment and the force is generally non-linear.

Depending on the location of the magnets, the spacing A of adjacent magnet rows H, 12 and 15, 16 exerts a decisive influence on the bearing forces. FIG. 6, adjacent magnet rows 11 and 15, respectively, of both fixed beams 9 and movable beams 13 have the same magnetization direction. Both beams 9 and 13 are further facing with the same magnetic poles at the same poles at the same magnetic poles. The distance A between adjacent rows 11 and 15 should be as large as possible.

In FIG. 7, due to the necessary repulsive force effect, the same series of magnets 11, 15 and 12, 16 on the fixed and movable beams 9 and 13 face each other, but on the air gap L the south poles are aligned at the magnet series 11 and 15 and the other poles 12 and 16. magnet poles north. With this positioning, a greater load capacity is obtained at a small distance A of the magnets.

A further increase in load capacity is possible when the magnet rows 11, 12, 15, 16 are lined with steel plates 10, 14 such that the magnetic flux is concentrated in the region of the air gap L.

they are also formed at both the height of the sides S and the rows H, 12, 15, at 16

L. Increase in height

The steel parts 10, 14 magnetically re-lock the height H of the magnets facing away from the air mass gap are achieved by optimizing the magnets and the sides of the S. iron to magnetic

In order to keep the material consumption of the back closures as small as possible, the magnet rows H, 12, 15, 16 were flatly inserted into the steel plates 10. 14. The optimal positioning of the height H of the magnets and the S sides depending on the load capacity is given approximately 2 mm.

4 ^ i-? OOC

• ····

Claims

P ATENTION Claims

Combination storage and drive system (1) of a permanently excited magnetic support system (7) having at least one fixed and at least one movable magnet array (11, 12, 15, 16), wherein in a pair of opposed fixed and movable array (1), 11, 15 and 12, 16) of the magnets are magnetically uniformly polarized, and from a linear motor (2) which is connected to a magnetic support system (7), the linear motor (2) and the support system (7) being housed in one common housing (4), characterized in that the support system (7) is assembled symmetrically and all fixed magnet rows and all movable magnet rows are aligned, the support system (7) being in a labile equilibrium and having symmetrically disposed lateral guides elements (17) which are supported by the roller.

Combined bearing and drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear motor (2) is made synchronously or asynchronously.

Combined bearing and propulsion system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the linear motor (2) is manufactured as single-phase or multi-phase.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the linear motor (2) is a single-acting or double-acting linear motor (2).

• ·······························

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a two-phase, double-acting synchronous linear motor (2) is used.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that adjacent rows of magnets (11, 12, 15, 16) in one plane are arranged side by side with or without spacings.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that adjacent rows of magnets (11, 12, 15, 16) in one plane are magnetically polarized equally or unequally.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the magnet rows (11, 12, 5, 16) are surrounded by steel plates (10, 14).

Combination support and drive system according to claim 8, characterized in that the magnet rows (11, 12, 15, 16) are arranged in one plane in the steel attachments (10, 14).

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the support system (7) is located above or below the linear motor (2) or offset laterally therefrom.

Combined bearing and propulsion system according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the device (8) disposed on the bearing and propulsion system is directly or indirectly mounted on the support system (8). 7) or on a linear motor (2).

Combined bearing and drive system according to claim 11, characterized in that the linear motor (2) is placed horizontally or vertically on the device (8).

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing (4) consists of cast, screwed, glued or otherwise suitably bonded profile material.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the housing (4) is U-shaped.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the housing (4) consists of aluminum.

Combined storage and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the storage and drive system (1) is provided with low-voltage electronics.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a position measuring technique is provided.

Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that locking devices are provided.

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Combined bearing and drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that high-energy magnets are inserted into the magnet rows (11, 12, 15, 16).