MXPA00010242A - Combined bearing and drive system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined bearing and drive system, which consists of a permanently excited magnetic support system comprising at least one stationary and at least one mobile magnet bar, where pairs of opposite stationary and mobile magnet bars have poles of the same polarity. The system also consists of a linear motor which is coupled to the magnetic support system. The linear motor and support system are both housed in the same casing. The aim of the invention is to provide an improved bearing and drive system of this kind which is more compact, more functional, requires fewer materials and is less costly. To this end the support system has a symmetrical structure and all the stationary magnet bars and all the mobile magnet bars are arranged in a separate plane. Said support system is in a delicate balance and comprises symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements.

Description

The present invention relates to a combined bearing and propulsion system according to the main concept of claim 1 for an automatic operating door. The combined bearing and propulsion system consists of a permanently excited magnetic carrier system having at least one row of fixed magnets and at least one row of displaceable magnets, wherein rows of fixed magnets and rows of displaceable front magnets in the form of pairs have the same polarity and a linear motor coupled with the magnetic carrier system, where the linear motor and the carrier system meet in a common way From DE 0 16 948 Al a similar system of bearing and propulsion is known, where - ba or normal load - cooperative magnets cause a non-contact floating guide of the door leaf arranged in a sliding guide in such a way which can be moved by a linear motor Furthermore, from said patent is known the classical method of guiding devices Imeally displaceable by mechanical bearings and connecting them to the motor by means of ropes, belts, toothed belts etc. The motors can be operated in a controlled manner or regulated. The separation of bearing and motor causes high construction costs and It is therefore the aim of the present invention to further develop a bearing and propulsion system according to the main concept of claim 1 in such a way that a system that occupies little space is developed, increasing the functionality and decreasing the consumption of material and costs This objective is achieved by the features indicated in claim 1 Advantageous embodiments of the object of claim 1 are indicated in the subclaims The bearing and propulsion system according to claim 1 has the advantage that, due to the optimization of the circular arrangement of the magnets of the carrier system, on the one hand, the bearing can be functionally improved and, on the other hand, the required load capacity can be obtained with low magnetic volume and, therefore, costs are reduced for magnets Functional integration of bearing and propulsion n by coupling of a permanently magnetic carrier system with a linear motor allows a compact arrangement in a common enclosure suitable carrier system as a linear system is used floating and magnetic structures with the same polarity. The hung device, for example doors of sliding door installations of one or more sheets can be moved easily without generating any sound. Through the contactless housing there is no wear and no lubricants are required. Because the housing does not cause abrasions and the bearing and propulsion system is completely arranged within a box, the functional disruptions of the technological process are reduced to a minimum by the external effect. Due to the creation of a constructive unit, separate bearings are not required. It is a compact engine, mechanically resistant and economically convenient. Advantageously, the box is formed of a light material, for example, an aluminum profile. Preference is given to the U profile, particularly with high weight loads, due to its own stability compared to other profile shapes. The layout of the linear motor depends on the type of box used and the specific mounting situation. The linear motor can be arranged, for example, vertically above or below or to one side of the floating system, where the linear motor can be oriented in hanging The resulting transverse forces are compensated for by the bearing and propulsion system The device can be fixed directly or indirectly on the linear motor slider or on the floating part of the carrier system. Indirect fixing is done by a corresponding constructionFor example, in the form of a stirrup or arm At first, the device must run on its own rail and the junction between the device and the carrier system must compensate for resulting deviations If a multi-leaf door installation is used, the coupling of the doors is carried out in such a way that they move in opposite directions. Here, the advantage is a union between both floating carrier systems. The permanently excited bearing works according to the principle of the effect of the repulsion. This effective principle allows a stable floating state. without electrical regulating devices To maintain this floating state no auxiliary energy is required These magnetic housing guides are characterized, because a mechanical abrasion is eliminated, due to the extreme smoothness of the displacement and the operation free of sounds, so it is not presents wear or requires maintenance Permanent magnetic excitation carrier is in an unstable equilibrium. In a fixed carrier, as well as in the movable carrier, there are rows of magnets which, according to the embodiment, are spaced apart or not. In each case, the rows of border magnets are of the same magnetic polarity to obtain the effect of the magnetic. Both the fixed carrier and the movable carrier are flat, whereby the rows of magnets fixed thereon are oriented in a plane, respectively, and a stable line is generated with the help of the lateral guide elements. If the magnetic system is exactly in the center of the rows of magnets, the lateral force is equal to zero. This position is made with the guide elements. In the case of lower tolerances, high transverse forces result which increase in an overproportional manner with increasing displacement. For a sufficient rigidity of the guide, the floating system is mounted with a frame on the carrier profile. Due to the use of high energy magnets, for example, Neodymiron-Boron (NdFeB), considerably higher force densities can be created than with hard ferrite magnets, due to the higher remanent induction. Consequently, with a given carrier force with high energy magnets, the magnetic system can be constructed geometrically small, so it saves space. The tall ones compensate through the comparably lower volume of Mainly, the carrier force is modified with the air gap, that is, with the distance between the fixed part and the displaced part of the carrier system. The narrower the air gap, the greater the carrier forces that are generated in the magnetic system. In general, the relationship between the deviation and the force is not linear The permanently magnetic floating system can be arranged in one or several rows The circular dispositions of the magnets allow an optimization by variations of the direction of magnetization, the distance of the rows of magnets and the guide of the magnetic current by means of steel accessories According to the disposition of the magnets, the distance between neighboring rows of magnets has a decisive influence on the carrier forces If the magnetization direction of neighboring magnet rows is the same in both the fixed part as in the moving part, this distance should be the largest possible In the case of a at the disposal of rows of magnets of the same name in the fixed part and in the displaced part, however with a different polarity of neighboring rows of magnets, the upper carrier force is generated with a small distance between the magnets possible, if the permanent magnets are surrounded by steel elements, so the magnetic current is concentrated in the area of the air gap. For the above, steel elements are used on the sides of the rows of magnets, as well as on the base surface of the magnets opposite the air gap as a magnetic stop. The increase of the carrier force is achieved by optimizing the thickness of the magnets. steel elements on the sides and on the base surface of the magnets Considering the viewpoints of space saving, the housing with surface drag of the magnets on the steel elements is particularly advantageous The linear motor cursor is connected to the floating part of the carrier system, while the distance between the magnets is within the area of the force reserves of the high-energy magnets. Due to the high force effect of high energy magnets, the length of the cursor allows a reduction to a minimum, so only a few magnets are needed. As a motor, linear mono- or multiphase alternating current motor is used in synchronous or asynchronous execution. This can have mono- or bilateral activity. The control, that is, the regulation of the linear motor is carried out by means of an electronic control. The route is captured These doors can also be used for interlocking functions. The route can also be captured with the aid of a magnetically incremental measuring system. Preference is given to a bilateral two-phase linear synchronous motor which does not generate transverse forces, so that the floating guide is not loaded in the transverse direction with respect to the direction of movement. The direct connection of the carrier system with the centrally driven cursor provides an optimum arrangement with respect to the weight distribution. A housing for the guide of the cursor is provided between both parts, since small guide tolerances must be compensated in the guide rail In an advantageous embodiment of the invention a synchronous linear motor with an iron-free cursor is used The electromagnetically active part only presents the length due to the shearing force, while the parts / parts that load the permanent magnets have the length of the path plus the length of the electromagnetic part. A short stator performs the movement consisting of a two-phase winding arranged on a carrier. In particular, it is advantageous that the masses to be displaced are small, since only one biphasic winding is used. Therefore, the converter The use of such an engine provides an advantageous arrangement of the propulsion system from the point of view of the assembly technique. The engine is arranged horizontally next to the magnetic carrier system. It is thus possible to assemble and disassemble the engine independently of the carrier system The above is not only important at the beginning of the operation, but is particularly important especially in the case of a repair that includes the change of the engine, since only the engine has to be disassembled. the air gap of the carrier system can be adjusted in a variable manner by means of the realization of a permanently magnetic arrangement, the contactless operation of the carrier system is also guaranteed even in the case of a tilt of the door. In this way, a decision can be made concerning to a guide rail on the bottom of the door, depending on the application Apart from the use in motors for doors and gates with housing, the combined bearing and propulsion system can also be used for feeding, handling or transport installations. Now, the invention is described by way of more detailed embodiments In the following propulsion with a linear motor arranged above Figure 2. shows a combined system of bearing and propulsion with a linear motor arranged below Figure 3: shows an additional example of a combined system of bearing and propulsion with a linear motor arranged below. Figure 4. shows a further example of a combined bearing and propulsion system with a linear motor arranged below. Figure 5. shows a diagram of a combined bearing and propulsion system with a linear motor arranged horizontally. Figure 6: shows a circular arrangement of magnets with neighboring rows of magnets with the same direction of magnetization Figure 7. shows a circular arrangement of magnets with neighboring rows of magnets of different polarities The following description indicates the same components or components with the same effect with the same reference symbols. Figures 1 to 4 show the sketch of bearing and propulsion systems 1 A linear motor 2 and a system in a box 4 A movable cursor 5 of the linear motor 2 is connected to a floating element of the carrier system 7 by means of a connecting element 6 According to the embodiment, a device 8 arranged in the bearing and propulsion system 1 is attached to the linear motor 2 or to the carrier system 7 This device 8 can, for example, make the connection with doors or unillustrated gates of automatic door installations Apart from the use in engines for doors and gates with housing, the combined bearing and propulsion system 1 can also be used for feeding, handling or transport systems. The carrier system 7 consists of a carrier 9 fixedly mounted on the box 4, where a magnetic stop 10 is arranged in the form of a sheet of ferromagnetic material The stop 10 has two rows of magnets 11 and 12 with permanent magnets In a mobile carrier 13 a magnetic stop 14 is arranged, which in turn has two rows of magnets 15 and 16 with permanent magnets In the mobile carrier 13 fixed the device 8 to be housed and propelled The fixed rows of magnets 11 and 12 and the rows of magnets 15 and 16 mounted on the mobile carrier 13 have such polarity that repellents are generated between them The lateral conduction of the carrier mobile 13 is made by 18 are illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the arrow 4 Linear motor 2 has a magnetic circle 20 fixedly mounted in the box 4, as well as the permanent excitation 19 subject Between them is the slider 5 movable and arranged in horizontal shape with a winding 3 The slider 5 is mechanically connected by means of the connecting element 6 with the mobile carrier 13 The construction of both embodiments of the bearing and propulsion system 1 according to figure 1 and figure 2 differs by the arrangement of the essential elements In figure 1, the carrier system 7 is arranged below the linear motor 2, while the device 8 connecting the carrier system 7 with the linear motor 2 is in the middle. In accordance with figure 2, the linear motor 2 is arranged underneath and connected to the carrier system 7 above it by means of the connecting element 6 The device 8 is arranged above the carrier system 7 in the case 4 open upwards Furthermore, a fastening of the device 8 in the bearing and propulsion system 1 is allowed according to figures 3 and 4 Here, what is important is the shape and the mounting situation of the used box 4 The option of mounting the device 8 on the motor cursor 5 is offered construction 22 on the carrier element 13 In both cases, the door fastened, for example, to the device 8 must run on its own guide rail, while the connection between the door and the door floating system must compensate for possible deviations According to figure 3, the box 4 consisting of aluminum profile is formed with a downward opening In particular, U-shaped profiles are suitable for applications of this type, due to its own stability He device 8 is mounted on the slider 5 of the linear motor 2 Guiding elements 21 separated on the connecting element 6 stabilize the centric housing of the slider 5 of the attached device 8 Due to the smoothness of the movement, the guide elements 17 and 21 are present in the ideal case in form of ball bearings The coupling with the second half of the door is done by means of a connecting element that is not illustrated in greater detail, such as a rope or a belt, so that the leaves of the door can be moved in opposite directions It would be advantageous to fi ne connection of the two floating carrier elements 13 According to figure 4, the ca 4 which consists of an aluminum profile is open upwards, keeping a distance to the edge of the space The device 8 is connected by a particular construction 22 with the mobile carrier element 13 The union of the halves toothed that unites the floating carrier elements 13. As a motor, a flat linear motor 2 is suitable, which allows its assembly below the carrier system 1 inside the box 1, due to its compact construction. To achieve an optimum distribution of the weight, the linear motor 2 is centrally fixed below the carrier system 1. The control of the linear motor 2 is carried out by means of an electronic control. The power is advantageously less than 60 volts and the rated current is about 3 amps. The route is captured by sensors that determine the final positions of the doors and that can be used at the same time for interlock functions. The route can also be captured by an incremental or similar magnetic measuring system. The linear motor 2 can be presented in different embodiments in relation to the carrier system 7. The above descriptions refer to vertical embodiments. A laterally deflected disposition adjacent to the carrier system 7 is illustrated in an advantageous embodiment and in schematic form according to FIG. 5. The synchronous linear motor has an iron-free slider 5. The electromagnetically active element has only the length due to the force of shearing, while the they have the length of the path plus the length of the electromagnetic element. The movement is performed by a short stator consisting of a two-phase winding on a carrier. In particular, it is advantageous that the masses to be displaced are small, since only a two-phase winding is used. Consequently, also the fed-current converter is only two-phase and, therefore, economical. The use of such a motor provides the possibility of an advantageous arrangement from the point of view of the assembly of the bearing and propulsion system 1 The linear motor 2 is arranged horizontally next to the magnetic carrier system 7. In this way, the linear motor 2 can be assembled and disassembled as independent of the carrier system 7 The above is of particular importance, not only when starting the operation, but especially in the case of a repair combined with a change of the motor, since the linear motor 2 must be dismantled. Because the formation of the air gap L of the carrier system 7 is variable, in accordance with the embodiment of the permanently magnetic arrangement, also the non-contact propulsion of the carrier system 7 is guaranteed even in the case of a sloping door. In this way, the decision regarding a rail depending on the application The permanently magnetic carrier system 7 operates according to the principle of the effect of the repellent force This principle of effect allows a stable floating state without having electrical regulation devices To keep this floating state no auxiliary energy is required The use of magnets High energy, for example, of neodymiron-boron (NdFeB) allows considerably higher force densities than with hard ferpta magnets, due to the higher remanent induction. Consequently, with a given carrier force with high-energy magnets, the The magnetic system can be constructed geometrically small, thus saving space. In the fixed element 9, as well as in the mobile element 13, rows of magnets 11, 12 and 15, 16, respectively, are disposed, which can have distances to each other or not, according to the realization In any case, the rows of opposite magnets 11, 15, and 12, 16 have poles with the same names is, in order to achieve the magnetic force Both the fi lo carrier 9 and the movable carrier 13 are flat, so the rows of magnets 11, 12, 15, 16 that must be fixed on them, are oriented in a plane, respectively, and with stable driving. The magnetic circuit is optimized by means of variations of the direction of magnetization, the distance A of the rows of magnets and the conduction of the magnetic current by means of steel accessories 10, 14. Due to this principle, the carrier force is modified with the air gap L, that is to say, with the distance between the fixed carrier element 9 and mobile 13. The narrower the air slot L, the greater are the carrier forces arising in the carrier system 7. In general, the relationship between the deviation and the force is not linear. According to the arrangement of the magnets, the distance A of the neighboring rows of magnets 11, 12 and 15, 16 has a significant influence on the carrier forces. In FIG. 6, the neighboring rows of magnets 11 and 15 of both the carrier element fi 9 and the mobile carrier element 13 have the same magnetization direction. Furthermore, in both carrier elements 9 and 13 the magnetic poles of the same name are directed towards the air slot L. The distance A between the neighboring rows of magnets 11 and 15, where possible, must be equal. In figure 7, in order to obtain the necessary repellent forces, the rows of magnets of the same name 11, 15 and 12, 16 in the fixed carrier element 9 and in the opposite, however, in the case of the rows of magnets 11 and 16 the south poles and in the case of the other rows of magnets 12 and 16 the north poles are directed towards the air slot L. With one embodiment of this type, the largest carrier force is generated with a small distance A. An additional increase of the carrier force is possible, if the rows of magnets 11, 12, 15 and 16 are surrounded by steel fittings 10, 14, whereby the magnetic current is concentrated in the area of the air slot L. Here, the steel elements 10 and 14 fulfill the purpose of a magnetic reflow on the sides S, as well as on the heights H of the magnets of the rows of magnets 11, 12, 15 and 16 which are directed in the opposite direction to the air slot L. The increase of the carrier force is obtained by optimizing the heights H of magnets and the sides S. To keep the consumption of iron for the magnetic stop as low as possible, rows of magnets 11, 12, 15 and 16 were mounted with surface drag on the steel fittings 10 and 14. An optimum arrangement of the heights H of magnets and of the sides S depending on the carrier force is obtained with approximately 2 mm, respectively. 1 Bearing and propulsion system 2 Linear motor 3 Winding 5 4 Housing 5 Cursor 6 Connection element 7 Carrier system 8 Device 10 9 Carrier element 10 End stop, steel accessory 11 Row of magnets 12 Row of magnets 13 Carrier element 15 14 End stop, steel accessory Row of magnets 16 Row of magnets 17 Guide element 18 Guide plate 20 19 Excitation 20 Circuit 21 Guide element 22 Construction L Air gap 25 A Distance between magnets H Magnets height

Claims (9)

1. A combined bearing and propulsion system (1) consisting of a permanently excited magnetic carrier system (7) having at least one row of fixed magnets and at least one row of displaceable magnets (11, 12, 15, 16), where the rows of opposing fixed and displaceable magnets in the form of pairs have the same polarity, and in a linear motor (2) coupled with the magnetic carrier system (7), wherein the linear motor (2) and the carrier system (7) ) share the same box (4), characterized in that the carrier system (7) is constructed symmetrically and all the rows of fixed magnets and all the rows of displaceable magnets are arranged in a plane, respectively, wherein the carrier system ( 7) is in an unstable equilibrium and has guide elements arranged symmetrically, housed in the form of rolls.

2 . A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear motor (2) is synchronous or asynchronous.

3. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the linear motor (2) is mono- or two-phase.

4. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 3, (2) with mono- or bilateral effect.

5. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 4, 5 characterized in that a two-phase and synchronous linear motor (2) with bilateral effect is used.

6. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the neighboring rows of magnets (11, 12 and 10 15, 16) are located at a distance or not at a distance on a plane side by side.

7. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the neighboring rows of magnets (11, 12, 15, 15 16) of a plane polarities of the same name or of different names. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rows of magnets (11, 12, 15, 16) 20 are surrounded by steel elements (10, 14). A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to claim 8, characterized in that the rows of magnets (11, 12, 15, 16) are recessed with surface drag on the steel fittings (10, 14). according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the carrier system (7) is arranged in an upward, downward or laterally offset manner with respect to the linear motor (2) 11 A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a device (8) mounted on the bearing and propulsion system (1) is fixed directly or indirectly on the carrier system (7) or the linear motor (2). A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to claim 10, characterized in that the linear motor (2) is arranged horizontally or vertically with respect to the device (8). 13 A combined system of bearing and propulsion, in accordance with any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the box (4) is made of cast, bolted, bonded or otherwise bonded profiled material 14 A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 13 , characterized in that the box (4) is formed in a U-shape according to any of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the box (4) consists of aluminum 16. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the bearing and propulsion system (1) is powered by low voltage electronics. 17 A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it has a position measurement technique. 1

8. A combined bearing and propulsion system, according to any of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it has interlocking devices. A combined bearing and propulsion system according to any of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that high energy magnets are interleaved in the rows of magnets (11, 12, 15, 16). In order to further develop a bearing and propulsion system consisting of a permanently excited magnetic carrier system that has at least one row of fixed magnets and at least one row of displaceable magnets, where in pairs the row of fixed magnets and the row of opposing displaceable magnets have a polarity of the same name, and in a linear motor coupled with a magnetic carrier system, wherein the linear motor and the carrier system share the same box, in such a way that a saving system is obtained space and where the functionality was increased and material consumption and costs decreased, the carrier system is constructed symmetrically and all the rows of fixed magnets and all the rows of displaceable magnets are arranged on a plane, while the system of carrier is in an unstable equilibrium and has lateral guide elements, arranged symmetrically.