SE458599B - PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING THE REFUELY MOLDED BITUMM IN POLYMER FILM - Google Patents

Description

15 20 25 30 35 458 599 i In addition, said process complicates a mechanization and requires manual work, where the paper is flammable and often leads to an ignition of the bitumen during transport.

Various other methods of packaging the responsive bitumen in polynerile file packaging are further known. for example, procedures for packaging heavy-duty bitumen in polyethylene and propylene packaging.

The advantage of polyethylene packaging in laying down paper is that it is possible to use the bitumen in the joint of the packaging, since a polyethylene additive improves the properties of bitumen. In this case, the work for separating the single-package from the bitumen is eliminated, since the single-package in this case is consumed and does not degrade the environment. However, the temperature of the bitule is. at which it is sufficiently fluid. at 160-180 ° C. below the temperature for melting the polyethylene of various kinds is 100-130 ° C. The protective resistance of the polyethylene is 75 ° C. at higher temperatures there is a significant deflation of those.

In connection therewith, nan uses two possible ways to pack responsive bitumen in the polyethylene file: - packaging of the bitumen after cooling the same to bearing: - packaging of the bitumen bit in conditions. as no threading and tearing of the file takes place due to the temperature deformation.

The advantage of the polypropylene file is that it makes it possible to pack the bitumen without a cold. efterson melting temperature for polypropylene is about 170'C. However, polypropylene is more expensive than polyethylene and is manufactured in significantly smaller sizes. Due to the high melting point temperature, polypropylene does not combine well with the bitumen and this causes difficulties in its use.

To protect the polymer file at the contact down the bitumen and to increase the speed of its cooling, you can: pack the bitumen in the polymer file by using water cooling. The use of water for cooling is associated with the following shortcomings: - the need to overcome the shock and compressive forces acting on the polymer package containing the hot bitumen as it is immersed in the water: - risk of water freezing during winter conditions; complications associated with joint equipment. necessary for carrying out the process; - equipment, son is 1 contact down water is attacked quite quickly by corrosion.

Cooling the bitumen during its packing down by means of air does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages. The heat emission coefficient of the air is extremely low. and as a result, even at comparatively small thicknesses of bitumen layers, a long time for cooling is required, which results in the equipment becoming cumbersome and inefficient.

The efficiency of cooling air increases in dependence on an increase in the air density and on the decrease in the thickness of the bitule or its particle size.

A method for packaging answering bitumen in paper packaging is known. which includes air cooling of pre-powdered bitumen. The cooling takes place during a pilot spray movement of air and bitumen drops. obtained by atomizing the bitumen trunks by means of rotary disks or laconic nuns. The disadvantage of the above method is the low efficiency of the cooling, speed. and obtaining bituminous packaging of the granulate, the volume of the single package is used in an inefficient manner (the proportion of volume used is about 60 8). Use of devices for necanic atomization or atomization by centrifugation of the bitumen down so that the bitumen can get stuck on the rotating parts of the centrifuge and inside narrow channels of necanic nuns. As a result, the above-mentioned equipment is characterized by a low workability. the procedure has all the above shortcomings. reduced the use of paper packaging. conditioned by the flame of the air a 1 forn of granules. In the case of son is associated A method for packaging non-response bitumen in the polymer file is known. which procedure is described in the journal 'International Petroleum Tines'. 1980. b. 84. no. 2114. p. 17 and which consists in hot bitumen being continuously fed to a belt conveyor, which is sent down the bitumen in the form of a thin layer (10-S0 nn) and cooled during its movement on the conveyor belt to to harden. To prevent the bitumen from sticking to the conveyor belt, apply a thin layer of an anti-adhesive lacing element (silicone, glycerin and other lacing element) to the belt. The bitumen is cooled by water humidification of the conveyor belt from below. nen is removed from the belt and cut into world knives.

A clearing of hard bitu plates down an up- The surface of the knife is also laced down the anti-adhesive down. Thereafter, the nan of individual plates makes a bitumen block of a required thickness by hopping a few plates on top of each other. The bitumen block is then packed in a continuously welded protective shrinkage polymer file and hermetically sealed in the file by protective shrinkage of the same when heated in a protective shrinking jug. son comprises a conveyor down a steel strip, divided by longitudinal gunninal walls into a few lanes. above the conveying part of the conveyor, a heat pipe is placed provided down a few ventilation holes. whereby its number of years equals the number of tracks on the conveyor belt. The lower and upper running parts of the conveyor 10 15 20 25 30 35 458 599 are located a cooling device for water spraying of the upper running part of the conveyor from below.

Behind the conveying end of the conveyor, a cutting device is placed, which is provided with a heated knife for cutting the hardened bitumen cleaners into individual plates. The bitumen blocks are formed by the plates down by means of a stacking conveyor, placed between the cutting device and a notch platform of an autonomous packaging device.

On the groove platforms, the bitumen blocks are packed in a continuously stripped polyner file. For hermetic sealing of the bitumen blocks in the film, the plant is equipped with a protective crimp jug.

This process involves several steps, has high energy consumption, low productivity and the need for anti-adhesive lacing surfaces. son konner in contact down bitunenet. Large energy consumption is also required for wetting the cooling water, warming up the knife and the crankcase and driving devices for several conveyors. To carry out the process itself, equipment is required that is very complicated to manufacture and repair. Thus, for example, application and vulcanization of the gunninal walls is carried out directly on the conveyor itself, which is complicated since the conveyor has a long length - over 10 n. In addition, the device has an insufficient operating time due to repair heat. since the gunninal walls of the conveyor belt are in direct contact down the bitumen, the temperature of which is 160-180 ° C.

The bitumen composition consists of various organic compounds (hydrocarbons, acids, resins, etc.), which at high temperatures lead to swelling aging and decomposition of gunnit. The use of the device for water spraying also reduces the operating time of the device as a result of repair work. because on contact with water, the corrosion of net parts of conveyor belts and their support and traction elements increases. Reduced operating time due to repair work results in low productivity of the device. The main object of the present invention is to obviate the above-mentioned disadvantages and to improve on the one hand a method for packaging heavy molten bitumen in polymer film by increasing the cooling rate, reducing the number of working bits. operations and elimination of the need for anti-adhesive lubricants, as well as a plant whose constructive design can ensure high productivity at low energy capacity of the equipment.

This object is achieved by means of a method for packaging difficult-to-digest bitumen in polymer film, in which the polymer film is applied over the bottom and the side walls of mold vessels placed on a conveyor, fills the vessels with molten bitumen and cools the bitumen in the vessels during their movement. polymeric in the same conveying direction as the mold and at a higher speed than the conveyor, and that the molten bitumen in the filling of resp. mold vessels are cooled by atomization by means of compressed air directly over the polymer film. which method according to the smell the continuous sleeves are fed to the conveyor. The conveyor is driven intermittently and is stopped when the rear wall of every other mold vessel comes into contact with the polymer film to form cross-strips of the film which are free of bitumen.

It is expedient for the bitumen filled in the vessels to solidify during the movement of the conveyor and to be formed into plates which are delivered on a sloping platform at one end of the conveyor and that after delivery of the plates on the platform the film is cut after every other plate and tipped over. one plate in an adjacent pair of plates on the other plate to form a block, after which the block is sealed with the film by bonding the free side edges and tv of the film. The present process enables an acceleration of the process speed, a reduction in the number of work operations, an absence of anti-adhesion materials and thus a reduction in packaging costs. This object is also realized by means of a plant for packaging hard-to-digest bitumen in polymer film, which plant comprises an intermittently driven conveyor which carries mold vessels, an outlet for molten bitumen above the conveyor, and a device for discharging a polymer film over the mold vessels on the conveyor, the plant according to the invention being characterized in that a compressed air nozzle is arranged below the bitumen outlet and coaxially therewith for atomizing and cooling the bitumen, that the device for feeding the polymer film is arranged to feed the film continuously and axially along the vessels of the conveyor and is located upstream of the bitumen outlet, that a platform is arranged to receive the bitumen plates solidified in the vessels, that a cutting device is arranged to cut off the polymer film after every other solidified bitumen plate, that a mechanism is provided to tip over one slab in an adjacent pair of bitumen plates on top of the other, and that a sealing device is arranged to close the side edges and transverse strips of the film around the block.

To form individual plates, a conveyor equipped with vessels can be used.

In order to form the transverse strips of the polymer film, which are free from the bitumen, the plant can be provided with a step feeding mechanism by means of, for example, folding of the film by folding the film.

For hermetic sealing of the bitumen blocks with polymer film, it is expedient to use a device with at least three elements for hot-melt gluing of the polymer film.

The present plant ensures high productivity with less energy capacity, and in terms of construction it is compact and uncomplicated. It can be realized with ordinary equipment.

The idea of the invention consists in the following: By atomization by means of compressed air of bitumen, it is possible to ensure an efficient cooling of the same during the actual feeding - 10 15 20 25 30 35 458 599 in one. During the atomization process, the atomizing gas converted to droplets. Since the bitumen flow is small (less than 1 mm) and the density is large, the bitumen cooling continues at high speed and its temperature drops rapidly. When the cooled bitumen hits the polymer film, it does not melt.

When the feed speed of the film is the hay of the conveyor, when inserted into them. greater than the feed rate - the film is collected in the vessels and forms there- Due to the weight of the bitumen fed to the film, the film is pressed into the vessels and a layer of bitumen is formed on the inserts, which is cooled by means of the compressed air from the nozzle.

When moving the bitumen on the conveyor, dissipation of significantly less heat is required according to this method than according to known methods, since bitumen is cooled more intensively during its feeding.

Thanks to this, it is possible to cool the bitumen on the conveyor in a natural way, which simplifies both the process and the feed consumption. ie in the open air, the equipment and reduces energy- Since the plates are pulled out of the vessels together with the polymer film by laying one over the other, it becomes possible not only to form a bitumen block but also to have this block enclosed by the film both at the top and at the bottom. D simplification of the packaging process by eliminating the enclosure of the block in the film. the edges and transverse strips of the polymer film on the block are hermetically sealed on, for example, hot-melt gluing, which makes it common, this enables an operation of By closing three sides of the and instead of a heat shrink chamber use a simpler plant for hot melt gluing.

To ensure the next hermetic closure of the bitumen block from the bitumen during atomization thereof on the film, both the edges of the polymer film and the polymer film itself are protected 458 599 after each pair of adjacent vessels, forming free strips of cross-strip on the film. from bitumen. This protection is explained by the fact that the bitumen accumulates on the polymer film and prevents connection between them by, for example, hot-melt gluing. The film cross-strips, which are free of bitumen, can be obtained by folding the film. A folding takes place thanks to a combination of a continuous feeding of the film with the step feeding of the conveyor. The conveyor is stopped at the moment when the rear transverse strip of every other vessel is in the point of contact between the film and the conveyor. The feeding of the film to the stationary conveyor continues and the film forms a fold in the form of three layers, i.e. folds. During the subsequent movement of the vessels under the bitumen atomizer, the bitumen does not hit the inner layer of the film in the crease.

When the fold is unfolded at the discharge part of the transporter, the inner layer of the film fold forms a transverse strip which is free from the bitumen.

Due to a constructive design of the plant, where a compressed air nozzle is arranged below the bitumen line and coaxially with it and before that device for continuous feeding of the polymer film, it is possible to feed bitumen directly over the polymer film without any risk of it melting. This also makes it possible to simplify the plant, as the need to use a water cooling plant is eliminated, as is a plant for applying anti-adhesion coating to the conveyor belt and to the bitumen cutting knife in individual plates, as well as simplifying the hermetic device. closure of the bitumen blocks in the polymer film.

The presence of a conveyor with vessels reduces the energy consumption that is necessary for the process of forming the bitumen plates.

The plant has angled screens, made of a material that prevents adhesion with bitumen, ensures a protection of the edges of the film against bitumen and thus creates the convenience of hermetically sealing the bitumen blocks in a simple way by means of an uncomplicated equipment, for example a hot melt adhesive. order. 10 15 20 25 30 35 I 10 458 599 The present method for packaging heavy molten bitumen in polymer film has, in comparison with known methods, a smaller number of work operations and does not require any anti-adhesive coatings for its implementation.

The plant according to the invention is simpler in nature and its productivity is described, the known method of the process for carrying out the present construction, less energy required about 1.5 times higher than the above. The process of packaging hard-to-digest bitumen in polymer film is is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a plant for lining in polymer film and Fig. packing of hard-melted bitumen 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1.

The plant proposed according to the invention (Fig. 1) comprises a conveyor 1 with vessel 2, a compressed air nozzle 3, 6 from a roll 7. Furthermore, there is one of the film 6 and a device 9 for by means of the polymer film 6, and for melt gluing the polymer film 6. mechanism 10 for forming bit n device 8 for cutting r closure of bitumen blocks seen with at least three elements for The plant also comprises an umen block 11 of individual bitumen plates 12, which are unloaded from the adjacent vessels 2 on an inclined part of a receiving platform 13 in the form of, for example, non-driven rollers. The conveyor 1 is provided with a mechanism 14 for step feeding.

The mechanism 10 for forming the bitumen blocks is constituted by an impact mechanism of, for example, a compressed air cylinder, the rod of which performs reciprocating movements through gaps in the hole 13, i.e. between its rollers. Above the working zone of the transposition nozzle 3 are mounted angled quadrants of a receiving material 15 relative to bitumen to the receiving platform 1 in compressed air screens. The plant operates as follows: The polymer film 6 is fed continuously from the roller 7 by means of the device 5 to the moving vessel 2u of the conveyor 1u. The feed speed of the film is greater than the speed of the conveyor, which means that the polymer film is applied loosely. over the conveyor 1's vessel 2 and forms posts in them. The width of the film must be such that its edges can protrude beyond the side walls of the vessels (Fig. 2).

The conveyor performs a stepping movement, i.e. it stops periodically at the moment when the rear transverse wall of every other advanced vessel 2 is in contact with the movable polymer film 6.

In this case, the film is folded, ie a fold is formed over the wall of the vessel 2, which consists of three layers of polymer film (since the wall is stationary and the film is fed continuously). Hot-liquid, difficult-to-digest bitumen with a temperature of 160-180 ° C is fed through the bitumen line 4 and through the compressed air nozzle 3 of any known construction. By means of the compressed air nozzle 3, the hot flow of bitumen is converted into a thin film and individual droplets, which are cooled intensively due to the velocity of the distributed gas, for example air. When the cooled bitumen hits the film, it does not melt. The capacity of the compressed air nozzle 3 must be such that at the predetermined speed of the conveyor a filling of bitumen with about 80-90% of the volume of the vessels is ensured.

The angle shields 15 collect the comminuted bitumen droplets and protect the protruding edges of the insert of the polymer film from the bitumen. Since the angle screens 15 are made of anti-adhesion material, bitumen does not adhere to them but descends along the surface of the screens and into the vessels. The comminuted bitumen also does not hit the polymer film inside the fold, formed by folding over the rear transverse wall of every other vessel 2.

During the movement of the conveyor 1, the bitumen is cooled inside the inserts of the polymer film in the vessels and further in the open air to a complete hardening. The cooling time depends on play in the vessels' posts. takes 10-15 minutes, on the bitumen layer thickness- At smaller thickness of the layer (40-50 mm) which allows the use of a conveyor of shorter length. Bitumen, which has hardened in the polymer film inserts, forms plates 12 with a trapezoidal cross-section. Each vessel 2 contains a bitumen plate. the operator pulls one end of the moving bitumen plate out of part and lays it on the receiving When starting the plant, the polyethylene film with the body on the film at the inclined part of the conveyor discharge platform 13. during the further movement of the conveyor 1, the bitumen plates together with the film fall out of the turning vessels under the influence of the weight of the bitumen plates, which are located on the receiving platform. The fold, which consists of three layers of film, folds, is unfolded, and after each vessel, a TV obtained by a pair of plates emerges from the adjacent strip of film free of bitumen.

During the next stop of the conveyor 1, the polymer film is cut off by means of the device 8 along the transverse strip, and in this way two bitumen plates are separated. By means of the mechanism 10 in the form of, for example, a push rod of a compressed air cylinder, the luteum of the bee 13 located on the horizontal part of the receiving platform is placed. Then the edges of the polymer film are connected by means of the device 9, on two side edges and a transverse thumb plate, which is located on receiving platforms the part, on top of a plate, for example by hot-melt gluing, a of the bitumen block 11, formed of two plates 12. The finished the bitumen blocks, which are hermetically sealed with the polymer film, are further transported against a warehouse or a packaging machine. A concrete example of an embodiment of the method according to the invention is described in more detail below.

From a roll, a polyethylene film with a thickness of 80 Pm and a width of 0.6 m was continuously fed into vessels measuring 300x400x50 mm. the walls of the vessels were inclined at an angle of 450 to the boom. The vessels were moved at a speed 1.3 times lower than the feed rate of the film. When the rear wall of each vessel came into contact with the film, the feeding of the vessels was interrupted for 3 seconds. As the feeding of the film continued, the film folded, ie over the vessel wall a fold was formed with three film layers.

The building bitumen with a curing temperature of 90 ° C was continuously fed at a temperature of 160 ° C through compressed air nozzles and over the film in the vessels. Bitumen consumption amounted to 2 tonnes / hour.

Using a compressed air nozzle, the bitumen was comminuted, ie it was transformed into a thin layer with a thickness of about 100-200 microns and individual droplets. Together with the atomization and with the help of the atomizing air, the bitumen was cooled to 106 ° C. Air with a temperature of 19 ° C and a pressure of up to 0.05 MPa was fed to the compressed air nozzle. Within the working area of the compressed air nozzle, the edges of the film are protected from bitumen by means of rectangular screens of fluoroplastic at an angle of 600 to the horizontal plane. The finely divided and cooled bitumen hit the film in the vessel but did not melt it. Due to the weight of the bitumen, the film was pressed into the vessels, and these were filled with bitumen to about 80% of their volume. For 15 minutes, as the vessels with the bitumen were fed further, the bitumen was cooled by air, and in each vessel a plate of hard bitumen with a thickness of about 40 mm was formed.

Then, the folded transverse strip of the film was cut after each pair of adjacent vessels, the bitumen plates with the film were pressed out of the vessels and the bitumen blocks were formed. Melt gluing then sealed the bitumen-free edges of the film on three sides of the formed bitumen blocks.

The bitumen block hermetically packed in the film weighed about 10 kg and had a dimension of 300x400x80 mm.

The preferred example described above ensures qualitative packaging. of bitumen of various kinds and obtaining blocks - of required dimensions.

Claims (6)

10 15 20 25 30 * i 01 G3 Patent claims 1. A method for packaging hard-melt bltunen in polymer film, in which the polymer filet (6) is applied over the bottom and the sludge walls of old vessels (2) placed on a conveyor (1), the vessel (2) is filled with molten bltumen and off - cools the bitumen in the vessels during their movement. characterized in that the polymer file (6) is fed continuously in the same transport direction as the mold bead (2) on the conveyor (1) and at a higher speed than the conveyor. and that the molten bitumen in the filling of resp. mold vessel (2) is cooled by distribution by means of compressed air directly over the polymer film (6). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor (1) is driven intermittently and is stopped when the rear wall of every other mold vessel (2) comes into contact with the polymer film (6) to form cross-strips of the film which are free of bitumen. . Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bitumen filled in the vessel (2) is forced to solidify during the movement of the conveyor (1) and is formed into plates (12) which are delivered on an inclined platform (13). ) at one end of the conveyor (1). Method according to claim 3, characterized in that after the delivery of the plates (12) on the platform (13), the file (6) is cut off after every other plate (12) and tipped over one plate in an adjacent pair of plates on the the second plate to form a block (ll). after which the block is sealed down the film (6) by sealing the free side edges and the transverse strips of the film (6). A plant for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1-4, which plant comprises an internally driven conveyor (1) which carries fork vessels (2). an outlet (4) for molten bitumen above the conveyor. and a device (5) for discharging a polymer film (6) over the mold vessels (2) on the conveyor (1), characterized in that a compressed air nozzle (3) for atomization is arranged below the bitumen outlet (4) and coaxially therewith. and cooling the blunt, that the device (5) for feeding the polymer film (6) is arranged to feed the file continuously and axially along the vessel (2) on the conveyor (1) and is located upstream of the bitumen outlet (4). that a platform (13) is arranged to receive the solidified bitumen plates (12) in the vessels (2). that a cutting device (8) is arranged to cut off the polyner film (6) after every other solidified bitumen plate (12), that a mechanism (10) is arranged to tip over one plate in an adjacent pair of bitumen plates on top of the other, true that a sealing device (9) is arranged to close the side edges and transverse strips of the film (6) around the block (11). Plant according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises screens (15) next to the compressed air nozzle (3) in order to prevent adhesion of the blume on the side edges of the polymer film (6).