RU99137U1 - Fighter Armament Management System - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A fighter’s weapon control system, including a multifunctional on-board radar station and an optoelectronic system, for example, a television sighting system, an on-board set of guidance equipment and an on-board set of navigation equipment with a flight information sensor, a set of sighting, navigation and flight information indicators, as well as a computer system, associated with the above devices and with the on-board set of radio telemetry equipment, including the transceiver a device connected via an input through an encoder and output through a radio signal decoder to a computer system and two other inputs connected to signal converters in digital form, a software device for tuning the frequency of a transceiver device, connected by its output to a transceiver device and inputs to two signal converters in digital form and to a computer system, a control panel with two rotary switches for setting the operating modes of radio telemetry communications and the rank of a fighter in group interaction, a target distribution panel with buttons for entering and canceling tasks transmitted via radio telemetry and a dial-up field for these tasks, an indicator of the tactical situation for reproducing the results of the exchange of information and tasks, while the control and target distribution panels are equipped with converters of their output signals to digital form, and the indicator of the tactical situation is a digital-to-analog converter, and all three devices are connected to a computer system, characterized in that it additionally

Description

The utility model relates to aviation equipment, and more specifically to equipment designed to ensure the combat use of fighter weapons. It can be used by enterprises in the aviation and defense industries, leading the development of weapons control systems "SUV".

A known fighter weapons control system designed to ensure effective destruction of air and ground targets by accurately entering a group of fighters in the attack area, mutual information exchange, centralized data collection of air and ground conditions, data processing and subsequent solution of target distribution tasks (target designation) on the commander’s plane general battle order. (Patent No. 2024818 F41G 3/22 publ. December 15, 1994)

The structure of the modern SUV of a fighter, irrespective of the levels of functional and constructive integration of equipment and methods of its connection (direct connection to each other via local multiplex communication lines or through the general aircraft main data bus “MSD” controlled by the aircraft computing system), includes:

- an on-board set of guidance equipment telemetrically connected to similar purpose equipment located at command posts of ground and air (aircraft type "AWACS") automated control systems (guidance);

- airborne radar station "radar", designed to detect air and ground targets at distances within the radio visibility of the station;

- an on-board optoelectronic, in particular, a television sighting system, designed to detect an air target within optical visibility (after first reaching the area of its location using the above equipment) and to ensure its automatic and semi-automatic tracking in the calculation of its coordinates and movement parameters using meters included in the sighting systems;

- an on-board set of navigation equipment with flight information sensors, designed for its use in aiming, as well as for navigation (for example, after completing an attack on a target, with the task of returning to the airfield and landing);

- a real-time computing (information-analytical) system containing several digital computers - “digital computers” and analogue computers, designed to process information received from these sensors and meters, to solve the aiming problem, to solve the navigation problem and other computational actions, associated with the preparation, use of weapons and control of the results of this application, including in training flights;

- an on-board set of indicators designed to demonstrate to the pilot the necessary information on the results of the aforementioned sighting systems, guidance and navigation equipment, as well as to present the results of the computer system implemented by appropriate piloting, in particular, the results of solving the aiming problem;

- an on-board set of radio telemetric (telephone and telecode) communication equipment for information support of a fighter by receiving data from a command post of a ground (air) automated control system (guidance) and for communication with fighters equipped with similar equipment, when they interact in a group (s) with registration and storage of information.

Information and logical pairing and circuit integration of the aforementioned onboard measuring and actuating devices form a multi-mode technical system that functionally solves one problem - the effective combat use of fighter armament, which defines the current name of such a system. For all subsequent issues of domestic and foreign fighters, the above composition of the SUV is typical, determining together with the crew the onboard intelligence of the fighter (Figure 1).

This composition in the proposed technical solution is defined as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the fighter’s armament control system described at this stage is the low efficiency of radio data exchange due to the low speed of information transmission / reception in the radio telemetry channels of interacting fighters, low noise immunity and information secrecy due to the use of narrow-band signals and signals with slow frequency jumps in the radio telemetry communication system, as well as the accepted principles of organization and construction of communication between aircraft with frequency and time times division of subscribers (aircraft crews) in a data exchange network. This allows the conditional adversary to detect the mentioned signals and principles of radio exchange organization by modern means, interfere with the radio exchange in aircraft communication networks and, under certain conditions, achieve complete “suppression” of communication. In the fighter armament control system mentioned above, in the interaction of a group / groups of aircraft consisting of 12 (16) aircraft (flight of a fighter unit for one combat mission in the selected combat order, for example, 3 (4) groups of 4 aircraft in each group) delay time <T > the information transmitted in the amount of 1024 bits from each fighter to the commander of the general battle formation, before deciding to attack the targets, is 10-12s from the moment this mode of operation was turned on according to the data exchange sequence diagram (Figure 2), which is currently unacceptable in conditions of continuous improvement of the means of countermeasures of a conditional enemy.

These disadvantages are eliminated by the proposed technical solution. The objective of this utility model is to drastically increase the efficiency of combat operations when a group of fighters performs them by using for the mutual exchange of information and automatically transferring orders to attack an aggregate of simultaneously operating special high-speed, noise-protected communication channels that reduce the delay time before deciding on a command aircraft regarding the prototype not less than 6 times, the gain in noise immunity relative to currently applied At least 40 dB and not less than 6 dB of narrow-band communication systems relative to the applied communication systems with pseudo-random frequency tuning. In contrast to the prototype, which, in the interests of organizing informational interaction between fighters in a group, uses a common radio telemetry communication channel, access to which is transmitted through the command of the group’s commander using a rigid mode of separation of work time and the principle of “request-response” according to the hierarchical structure adopted in the past subordination by rank, limiting the ability of aircraft crews to adapt communications to the conditions of a sudden change in the operational-tactical situation, in the proposal This technical solution provides the possibility of parallel and independent operation in several channels of radio telemetry communication, based on a combination of methods of time, frequency and code separation of channels, which allows organizing informational interaction of fighters in combat order of 12 (16) aircraft or more by assigning each channel of its own fighter on the transmission of information and the parallel reception of information in channels assigned to the transmission of other fighters of the group. The total information throughput of the radio telemetry channels implemented by this technical solution significantly exceeds the throughput of the radio telemetry channel of the prototype, which allows to drastically increase the efficiency of information exchange between fighters. The information delivery time, which in data exchange networks depends on the amount of data transmitted and on the speed and methods of transmitting radio signals in a communication channel, in the proposed technical solution is reduced both due to the significantly higher transmission speed of radio signals in a communication channel, and due to the implementation of synchronous methods separation of radio signals and their parallel transmission through m-base channels allocated (from the total number of n-base channels constituting the technical resource of the proposed device, n = 512) specifically for chi required volume of data and the organization of radio telemetry communication networks between the aircraft and the aircraft with the ground command posts (air) of the automated control systems (guidance). Thus, the controlled technical resource of the aviation terminal of the airborne set of equipment for radio telemetry communication allows you to plan during the pre-flight preparation and the organizational structure of radio communication networks and the time of information delivery to them. So, the data update rate <t> (which in practice corresponds to the time delay for information before deciding on an attack on a command aircraft) when exchanging information from 128 to 2048 bits in combat order of fighters consisting of 12 (16) aircraft according to the proposed technical solution is 0.5-2.5 s (Figure 3). In practice, the amount of data in radio telemetry networks between aircraft does not exceed 1024 bits and the information delay time, respectively, does not exceed 1-2 s in the operational-tactical situation overview network with m <12 (16) base channels. At the same time, the use of radio signals implemented in the aviation terminal with programmable quick tuning of their parameters, including the radio frequency of the radiation, signal structure and radiation time, significantly improves the noise immunity and stealth of communication compared to the prototype.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known weapon control system of a fighter, including a multifunctional airborne radar station and optoelectronic, for example, a television sighting system, airborne guidance equipment, airborne navigation equipment with flight information sensors, a set of sighting, navigation and flight indicators information, as well as a computer system associated with the above devices and with the on-board set of radio equipment of lemetric communication, including a transceiver device connected by input through an encoder and output through a radio signal decoder to a computer system and two other inputs connected to signal converters in digital form, a software device for tuning the frequency of a transceiver device, connected by its output to a transceiver device and inputs to two signal converters in digital form and to a computer system, a control panel with two dial switches for setting the mode radio telemetry communications and fighter rank in group interaction, a target distribution panel with buttons for entering and canceling tasks transmitted via radio telemetry, and a type-setting field for these tasks, an indicator of tactical conditions for reproducing the results of information exchange and tasks, while the control and target control panels are equipped with their converters digital signals, and the tactical indicator of the digital-to-analog converter and all three devices are connected to an aviation system was additionally introduced to increase the speed, noise immunity and stealth of radio telemetry communication channels (increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the fighter’s weapon control system in the automatic "automated" data exchange of the fighter’s air and ground situation with interacting aircraft and control centers equipped with similar equipment) OSNOD integrated communications, navigation and data exchange system, connected by its input to the prog to an on-board device of an on-board set of radio-telemetry communication equipment for receiving terminal control signals (commands) on a local line (circuit) of the terminal, and outputs / inputs to a computer system for transmitting / receiving on a local line (circuit) of multiplex communication signals of interaction with own electronic equipment SUV "fighter or, when integrated into the weapon control system" SUV "fighter of all remotes, indicating and recording devices in the control information field is unified cockpit on-board equipment "ECBO" and the use of a common aircraft trunk data bus "MShD", connected via its inputs / outputs to a common airplane bus data bus controlled by a computer system (organizing in the main bus data all the procedures for the information interaction of its own electronic equipment "SUV" fighter) , by signals (commands) received from the control field information of the unified cabin avionics equipment “ECBO” of the fighter.

The use of an aviation terminal as part of the radio telemetry communication equipment on aircraft and at objects of various functional purposes and different locations (basics) allows the creation of flexible (tunable) information networks for the integrated communication, navigation and data exchange “OSNOD”. This explains the full naming of the distinctive part of the proposed technical solution: the aviation terminal "AT" of the integrated communications, navigation and data exchange system "OSNOD".

The composition of the weapon control system of the fighter (Figure 4) includes: multifunctional airborne radar station 1; optoelectronic (in particular television) sighting system 2; airborne set 3 guidance equipment; airborne set 4 of navigation equipment along with flight information sensors; a computing system 5 associated with said equipment; an on-board set of indicators 6 for sighting, navigation and flight information connected to computer system 5; similarly included in the scheme indicator 7 tactical situation "ITO"; a transceiver 8 of a radio telemetry communication system with “SUV” of other fighters, a software device 9 for adjusting the frequency of the transceiver 8 connected to it by its own inputs to the computing system 5; an encoder 10 connecting the computing system 5 with the transmitting unit of the transceiver 8; a decoder 11 connecting the receiving unit of the transceiver 8 with the computing system 5; control panel 12, connected by the outputs of its generatrix wrench switches “OPERATION MODE” and “WHO I” with analog signals through a signal converter 13 to the computing system and blocks 9 and 8; similarly included remote control 14 with signal converter 15, buttons "GR", "ENTER", "RESET" and a dial-up field containing numbered rows of buttons for selecting attacked targets and assigned fighters; digital-to-analog Converter 16, the input connected to the computer system, and the output from the "ITO" 7; “AT” aviation terminal 17 of the automated connection, navigation and data exchange system “OSNOD”, connected with its input to the software device 9 of the on-board set of radio telemetry equipment, and with outputs / inputs to the SUV computer system of the fighter. Block 17 in figure 4, surrounded by a dashed line, forms a distinctive part of the technical solution.

The block diagram of the aircraft terminal "AT" is shown in Fig.5.

In essence, the “AT” aviation terminal is a data processing unit (17-1) with a transceiver (17-2), structurally and functionally executed as an integral part of a set of radio telemetry communications equipment, endowed with its own address for its identification as part of electronic SUV equipment of the fighter and interacting with it with its inputs / outputs using information and logical interface protocols. The data processing unit (17-1) is connected to the SUV computer system via a local multiplex data bus or a multiplex common airplane data bus and includes a computer module for generating and processing messages (17-1.1 - terminal processor) connected via an encryption device (17-1.2) with a computing module for forming and processing channels (17-1.3 - channel processor) and with a speech conversion device (17-1.4) and with a time storage device (17-1.5) connected to a channel processor, which, in itsin turn, it interacts with a device for generating and processing signals (17-1.6 - signal processor). The transceiver (17-2) is connected to the data processing unit (17-1) and provides the reception of signals from the radio channel for subsequent transmission to the data processing unit (17-1) and the transmission of signals from the data processing unit to the radio channel, it includes a synthesizer device (17-2.1), which generates in the receiving (17-2.2) and transmitting (17-2.3) frequency devices necessary for receiving and transmitting radio signals coming through the antenna switch (17-2.4) connected to the radio channel . The aviation terminal provides the possibility of simultaneous and independent operation of aircraft in several information networks (IS) at once:

- in the network of the overview of the operational-tactical situation (IS GR);

- in the tactical group management network (IS GR);

- in the management network of the integrated group (IS OG);

- in the network of interaction with the control center (IP PU).

Thus, the significant difference of the proposed technical solution is that with the introduction of the information networks of the AT aviation terminal in the SUV operation modes of a fighter, the speed, noise immunity and stealth of automatic (automated) radio telemetry communication in aircraft data exchange networks with command posts are radically increased ground (air) automated control system (guidance) and between aircraft and achieved high (almost no time delays) data blunting to the “crews” of fighters performing combat operations in a group, ensuring the issuance and execution of orders to attack before the conditional enemy takes countermeasures.

6, for definiteness, by analogy with the prototype, an option is presented for generating information on “ITO” in a situation where a unit of four fighters attacks an enemy, including four actually detected targets.

A sign of the image of the target on the screen "ITO" 7, if it is detected using "radar" 1, is a triangle. When a target is detected using an optical-electronic targeting system 2, a triangle is not closed at the base. If the target is set using the ground-based automated control system "NASU", but has not yet been detected by any airborne sighting system, then its sign is the absence of a triangle (Figure 6). For their fighters, a mark in the form of a circle is similarly introduced. A horizontal stroke, variable in length, adjacent to the indicated sign of its recognition in the combined image of the target, on a conditionally accepted scale indicates the value of the speed of the target, vertical - the height of its location in space, and the relative course of the target is indicated by turning the entire image around the point of intersection of the strokes. Similar strokes denote the speed and altitude of their fighters. The accepted image scale of linear quantities is recorded by a number in the lower left corner of the screen with the application of comparable linear sizes to it. For each target depicted, a number is recorded in its number ordered in the SUV of the fighter (to the left of the vertical bar). To the right of this line can be indicated the number of the fighter who is assigned to attack this target.

Similarly numbered and their fighters. Under the line in the circle depicting the position of the fighter for which the described picture is formed on its “ITO” 7, the number of that fighter controlled by the group leader is indicated. Using the recorded scale of linear values for the relative offset of the marks on the screen "ITO" 7 you can read the coordinates of all the displayed objects (their fighters and targets). In the lower right part of the screen, vertically repeated numbers indicate the attacked targets in order of increasing danger for the attacking group, if this order is viewed from below. This form of presentation of tactical information is currently used in the armament control system of the prototype fighter.

The inclusion in the operation of the aviation terminal is carried out on the command of the commander of the combat formation of aircraft in the established order. The command to turn on the AT comes from the console equipment of the radio telemetry system kit (or from the SUV computer system of the fighter by the control signal (command) coming from the ECB information field in the SUV version of the fighter with integrated equipment). Simultaneously with setting the “WORK MODE” switch to the “DG” position and the “WHO I” switch to the “KOG” position on his plane, the group commander from the control panel 12 turns on the software device 9 in the configuration mode of the aviation terminal 17 on the control information network in the operational tactical group of fighters "IS GR", by issuing a set of subscriber parameters, including:

- own network address in the information network of the operational-tactical situation review “IS OTO”;

- the number of subscribers in the IS OTO;

- the number of groups in the “IS GR”;

- Fighter’s own network address in IS OG;

- number of own group in "IS OG";

- the number of subscribers in their own group;

- own network address of the fighter in the group;

- operating mode in “IS OTO” (“ON-OFF”);

- operating mode in “IS OG” (“ON-OFF”);

- operating mode in “IS GR” (“GROUP-PARA-OFF”).

The group commander tells the leading aircraft the decision to switch from the control mode from the command post of the ground (air) automated control system to the control of his commands in the OSNOD system networks beforehand via a conventional intercom system. Having received such a solution, the “crews” of the driven aircraft set their wrench switches with the name “OPERATION MODES” to the same position as “DG”, and the switches “WHO I” - to the position “VDShch” (or “VDM” depending on the rank of the fighter) and set the signals in their “AT” to set up a radio network suitable for radio telemetric communication with the commander of the combined group.

Experimentally performed work in the information networks of the aviation terminal "AT" show that for all interacting "SUVs", automatic exchange of information and the presentation of the final results to the crews is provided as shown as a possible example of Fig.6 almost simultaneously without time delays . In this case, the commander of the general battle formation (or - autonomous group) directly to the link commanders or their slaves can set tasks to carry out the attack of the assigned targets by pressing the corresponding buttons on the target distribution panel 14 in almost real time mode. The commander can correct the errors of his manipulations by pressing the RESET button and repeating the recruited task in a new quality. Different positions of the “WHO I” switch are used to implement the corresponding differences in the programs for setting up and processing information and different manifestations of the result of manipulating the buttons of the remote control 14. On the aircraft of the pilot pilot, this remote control actually turns off, since such a pilot can only receive tasks. All information is transferred to space by radio codes, the formation of which is provided by the encoder, and the reverse conversion into digital form, which is typical for the operation of SUV computing systems, by decoders built into the aviation terminal and performing the same functions as the functions of the encoder / decoder 10, 11 in existing modes of the radio telemetry communication system of the prototype.

During group actions in an autonomous group, the “KOG” position is set by the flight commander, the position “VDShch” is set by the leading pilot of the second pair, the two remaining pilots become wingmen.

If the commander of the first pair at any level with the permission of a superior commander or by his own decision intends to switch to autonomous actions, then he will rebuild the SUV of his plane and that of his wingman to an extremely simplified scheme for exchanging information within one pair of fighters, by translating the “OPERATION MODE” switch "To the position" PAIR 1 ". The commander of the second pair, for which the position of the same switch with the designation "PAIR 2" is determined, can act in a similar way.

When you select the “NAVED” position by the “OPERATION MODE” switch, the pilot of any fighter switches himself off from group actions and is connected to centralized control (pointing his aircraft) through the channel of the ground-based automated control system. Such an opportunity, with all the importance of the group actions approved in this application, should be provided for at least in case of loss of combat effectiveness of any fighter. Connection to a ground-based automated control system will allow such a fighter to most safely return to its airfield.

The features of the operation and control of the SUV of a fighter with an aviation terminal AT include the following:

1. The “Who Am I” and “DG Mode” switches are processed by “SUV”, which directly or through a software device of the radio telemetry communication kit issues control commands to “AT”, including:

- a command to turn the AT network on (off) to exchange information in a group;

- own number of the fighter in the group corresponding to the number of its own transmitting channel in the network;

- the composition of the listened channels of other fighters in the group.

In this case, the subscriber’s work of the network is invariant to the status of the subscriber (“KOG”, “VDShch”, “VDM”). On the network, everyone works the same way and the differences are only in the information content of the codograms.

When changing the position of the “OPERATION MODE” switch, the “SUV” crew of the fighter can change the composition of the listened channels (network subscribers) accordingly, or it may not change, leaving the opportunity to listen to all subscribers of the group, which allows the “crews” to work (informationally) even in a pair of fighters, receive information from other subscribers of the group, identifying their status in a combat flight, while it is also possible to receive any other commands (for example, gathering a group, etc.).

2. The network of interaction with “PU” in “AT” works in parallel with the “DG” network, ie information exchange with the "PU" can be carried out in parallel with the work in the network "DG".

3. It is proposed to use the existing short-range command channel of the MV-UHF bands in parallel with the operation of the “AT” aviation terminal, either for group actions of “DG” with “LA” aircraft not equipped with “AT” aviation terminals, or for receiving guidance commands from "NASU."

An experimental verification of the technical solutions of the device in training flights on SU-27 aircraft shows that the use of the inventive fighter armament control system allows to obtain a new quality: to ensure high efficiency of autonomous group actions, reducing the data exchange time by 6 times and ensuring the SUV noise immunity by 40 dB, higher relative to the prototype, while the SUV with the aviation terminal “AT” in certain conditions can be used to refine the parameters of coordinate support regular aircraft navigation systems and identification (identification) of their aircraft. This technical solution is supposed to be used on almost all types of aircraft and helicopters of the aviation of the Russian Federation.

Claims (2)

1. A fighter’s weapon control system, including a multifunctional on-board radar station and an optoelectronic system, for example, a television sighting system, an on-board set of guidance equipment and an on-board set of navigation equipment with a flight information sensor, a set of sighting, navigation and flight information indicators, as well as a computer system, associated with the above devices and with the on-board set of radio telemetry equipment, including the transceiver a device connected via an input through an encoder and output through a radio signal decoder to a computer system and two other inputs connected to signal converters in digital form, a software device for tuning the frequency of a transceiver device, connected by its output to a transceiver device and inputs to two signal converters in digital form and to a computer system, a control panel with two rotary switches for setting the operating modes of radio telemetry communications and the rank of a fighter in group interaction, a target distribution panel with buttons for entering and canceling tasks transmitted via radio telemetry and a dial-up field for these tasks, an indicator of the tactical situation for reproducing the results of the exchange of information and tasks, while the control and target distribution panels are equipped with converters of their output signals to digital form, and the indicator of the tactical situation is a digital-to-analog converter, and all three devices are connected to a computer system, characterized in that it additionally it will have an aviation terminal of an automatic system for combined communication, navigation and data exchange connected to an input on the software device of the on-board set of radio telemetry equipment for receiving terminal control commands on a local multiplex communication line, and outputs / inputs to a computer system for transmitting / receiving on local multiplex communication lines signals of the terminal’s interaction with the fighter’s own electronic equipment. 2. The fighter’s armament control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the aviation terminal of the automatic unified communications system is connected by its inputs / outputs to a common airplane data bus controlled by the computer system according to commands received from the control information field of the unified cockpit on-board equipment of the fighter.