RU92893U1 - CONSTRUCTION OF A CLOSED DIFFERENT VEHICLE PARKING FOR PASSENGER VEHICLES OF CITIZENS WITH EXCLUSION OF PARKING PLACES FENCES FROM PRECIOUS REINFORCED CONCRETE PANELS AND SUMMON - Google Patents

Abstract

A closed parking lot with separate parking lots for citizens' cars from prefabricated reinforced concrete bearing panels and monolithic reinforced concrete floors from the ducts of the exhaust ventilation system hidden in them is designed to provide parking and storage for cars of citizens due to the increase in the level of motorization of the population of cities and the shortage of places for urban areas to accommodate an increasing number of cars. The planning and constructive solution proposed by the utility model makes it possible to place a parking lot in territories with a significant slope of the terrain and use the terraced layout of the territory, significantly reduce the specific size of the territory per one parking place, and also use the coverage area of the structure for the needs of courtyards. The presence of factories producing wall reinforced concrete panels for housing will greatly facilitate the need and equipment for prefabricated reinforced concrete. The proposed utility model construction of a closed multi-story parking lot for citizens' cars with separate places for each car is designed for the increasing demand of the market for the purchase of parking spaces for the citizens and their cars. The maneuvering method of allocating parking spaces by color marking on the floor of the structure, according to existing laws, cannot be sold and registered as property of the property in the justice authorities. But a car parking lot, which is separated by walls or solid partitions, is subject to the law and can, as an object, be registered with the justice authorities and put on cadastral registration. In the proposed utility model, the construction of a closed parking lot provides for the allocation on three sides of each parking space with blank bearing walls from prefabricated reinforced concrete panels used in panel housing construction. Monolithic reinforced concrete floors, which transfer the load to the longitudinal and transverse walls of the parking lots, and cross-section along the edges of the central passage to the precast concrete columns, are installed. 300 × 300 mating with the sides of the transverse walls of the parking spaces. Check-in on each floor of the structure is provided for ramps autonomous for each floor, because the floor should not have communications with each other on fire safety requirements. The evacuation of people from the floor in the event of a fire on it, is provided for by an external open staircase, access to which is provided from the central passage zone. The decision to supply fresh air to the floor is provided according to the classical scheme by distributing fresh air through the ventilation grilles of the supply duct laid under the ceiling of the central passage. A solution for exhaust ventilation systems is also provided for according to the classical scheme for removing contaminated air from the lower and upper zones of a parking place, and a new method has been applied for the installation of air ducts and a method for protecting rooms and air ducts from the spread of combustion products in case of fire through the air ducts. All floors of the structure are divided into ventilation compartments by technical rooms with a width of 1500 mm., Placed with a step of 30 ÷ 33 m. On both sides of the passage. In each ventilation compartment, all horizontal air ducts from each parking place are located in the body of the plate between the floor floors and are combined into one horizontal duct in the technical room, which goes into a vertical position and goes down into the main duct going directly to its exhaust fan, or in a structure the floor of the first floor of the structure, or between the foundations of the structure. From each floor of the duct, the exhaust ventilation systems are autonomous, do not communicate with each other in any way and have their own autonomous exhaust fans. The proposed exhaust ventilation system does not require fire-retardant valves, as the air ducts are all autonomous, protected by non-combustible materials (reinforced concrete) and the transfer of combustion products through the air duct to an adjacent room or to another floor is not possible. The technical premises of each floor, where vertical floor air ducts are laid, have a blind reinforced concrete fence on the side of the central passage and a fire door with an indicator of EY 60. The floors of the structure do not have a communication with each other over their entire area. Check-in of cars at each level is provided for on a separate ramp. Emergency evacuation of people from each level of the parking lot is provided for by an open outdoor metal staircase. The most effective placement of the structure in areas with significant biases. The construction crashes along the long side into the slope of the territory, and on its cover yard or sports grounds are located, which are an element of the yard territories of residential buildings.

Description

1.1. The name of the invention.

The construction of a closed multi-storey car parking for citizens' cars with the separation of parking spaces with fences from prefabricated reinforced concrete panels and monolithic reinforced concrete ceilings with exhaust ducts monitored in them.

1.2. The field of technology.

The utility model relates to the construction industry.

1.3. The level of technology.

1.3.1. Applicants are aware of information on multi-storey car parks for cars, where the arena parking method is used, when the allocation of parking spaces is provided only by paint marks on the floor of the room.

Bearing and enclosing structures, the structure was provided for from various building materials: brick, concrete, precast and precast reinforced concrete.

The air ducts of the supply and exhaust ventilation systems were provided for by laying in an open way under the ceiling of the premises.

We obtained this information from a number of technical journals and design documentation for parking lots developed by design organizations in the cities of Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, and Barnaul.

1.3.2. The sign of an analogue coinciding with the sign of the claimed utility model is the following parameters:

- the construction of a closed parking lot can be one, two or more stories,

- supporting structures of the structure - flooring, columns - may be of different types of building materials and construction methods,

- the structure should be equipped with exhaust and ventilation systems,

- for vehicles to move along the floor to their parking place, a driving zone of at least 6 meters wide is necessary,

- the arrival of cars on the floor can be performed on the inner or outer ramp of a rectilinear or curved shape,

- communication between floors for people is made by closed stairs.

1.3.3. The distinctive features of the claimed utility model are the following solutions:

A - for space-planning decisions:

1.3.3.A.1 - storage method - in separate places for each car using the new method of allocating parking places - “separate parking places”, which consists in the fact that the parking place in the plan has a blind fence on three sides, and one side is free, i.e. It does not have a fence and is located on the side of the carriageway.

1.3.3.A.2 - the layout of the structure is adopted from two zones - the passage zone and the parking zone located along the passage on its both sides.

1.3.3.A.3 - The load-bearing enclosing structures of the walls are adopted from prefabricated flat reinforced concrete panels 160 mm thick the size of the wall of the parking lot, and the load-bearing interfloor ceilings (coatings) are taken from monolithic reinforced concrete in the body of which, when executed, the air ducts of the exhaust ventilation system .

1.3.3.A.4 - The adopted space-planning and structural design of the structure allows the construction of the parking lot:

- from one, two or more travel zones,

- one, two or more floors,

- underground, semi-underground and elevated location.

1.3.3.A.5 - provide in the area of parking spaces separate technical rooms with dimensions (in plan) less than the size of parking spaces using them to accommodate the engineering systems of the structure.

B. According to the exhaust ventilation system.

1.3.3.B.1 - All horizontally placed air ducts of the exhaust ventilation system are placed in the body of monolithic reinforced concrete floors and the fundamental slab of the structure, which ensures their complete isolation from each other and excludes the transfer of combustion products from them from a fire to one separate parking place to another through the ducts.

1.3.3.B.2 - All vertical sections of air ducts are located in special technical rooms isolated by blank walls from parking places and driveways.

1.3.3.B.3 - Each floor of the structure has its own air duct isolated from other floors and its own separate exhaust fan in the ventilation chamber, which makes it impossible to transfer combustion products through the air ducts from floor to floor in case of fire.

1.3.3.B.4 - The proposed arrangement of the ducts of the exhaust ventilation system does not require the installation of fire-retardant valves on the ducts, the device of which is dictated by the building codes of Clause 6.14 of SNiP 21-02-99 “Parking” to limit the transmission of combustion products through the ducts fire in the building.

1.3.4. The proposed utility model could not exist before, since a parking lot with separate parking places that were closed on two or more floors was not used due to the lack of the concept of a “separate parking place” in the regulatory framework.

1.3.5. The layout of the layout and layout of the ducts of the exhaust ventilation system proposed by the utility model for the manege method was not required to allocate parking spaces, and in the one-story enclosed box-type car parks, the exhaust ventilation system is solved by natural gravity from each box.

2. A brief description of the drawings.

2.1. Figure number 1

The figure No. 1 presents an image of a planning and constructive solution to a fragment of a part of the floor plan of the parking construction, where

Pos.1 - the zone of the central passage of each floor,

pos.2 - isolated on three sides of the bearing blank walls of the parking lot of the car,

pos.3 - technical room, which houses the horizontal and vertical sections of the autonomous air ducts of the exhaust ventilation system from each floor,

pos.4 - supporting external walls of precast reinforced concrete panels with a thickness of 160 mm

pos.5 - bearing internal walls of precast reinforced concrete panels with a thickness of 160 mm,

pos.6 - load-bearing precast concrete columns,

pos.7 - entrance (exit) floor ramp.

2.2. Figure number 2

The figure No. 2 presents a section aa shown in the figure No. 1, where:

item 4; pos.6 - duplicates the designation in the figure No. 1,

pos.8 - monolithic overlap over the areas of parking places, in which the air ducts of the horizontal exhaust ventilation system are monolithic,

POS.9 - monolithic reinforced concrete slab of variable thickness over the passage,

2.3. Figure number 3

The figure No. 3 shows the layout in the overlap of horizontal ducts in the areas of separate parking places, where:

pos.3 - duplicates the designation in the figure No. 1,

pos.10 - floor ventilation compartment of the exhaust ventilation system,

POS.11 - horizontal ducts from each parking place of exhaust ventilation, monolithic in the ceiling,

Pos.12 - a horizontal duct into which all the ducts of the parking places of each ventilation floor compartment cut into. It is located under the ceiling of the technical room, item 3.

2.4. Figure number 4.

The figure No. 4 presents a section bB shown in figure No. 3, where

pos.8, - duplicates the image in the figure No. 2,

POS.11, - duplicate the image in the figure No. 3,

2.5. Figure number 5.

The figure No. 5 shows a perspective diagram of the ventilation compartment of the exhaust ventilation system for an example for a three-story building, where

POS.13 - open sections of the vertical ducts of each parking place,

pos.14 - horizontal monolithic in the overlapping ducts from each parking place,

Pos.15 - horizontal section of the duct, into which all horizontal ducts from the parking places

pos.16 - a vertical section of the floor duct.

Air ducts pos.15 and pos.16 are located in the technical room and are subject to fire insulation,

pos.17 - the main horizontal all-story duct, placed either in the body of the foundation of the structure, or in the floor structure of the 1st floor,

pos.18 - exhaust fan for each floor ventilation compartment of the building's exhaust ventilation system.

3. Implementation of a utility model.

The proposed utility model can be implemented in the design and construction of closed 1–3 storey car parks for storing citizens' cars when building microdistricts of cities in various climatic and geological conditions of construction sites in the Russian Federation.

It is most effective to use this structure in steep terrain, cutting a part of the structure along the long side into the slope zone of the territory.

Coverage of the structure can be used for recreation areas and sports grounds.

Prefabricated reinforced concrete panels of the inner walls of residential panel houses of any series used in a specific construction area can be used to enclose parking spaces.

Prefabricated reinforced concrete columns and floor beams can be made in the formwork of reinforced concrete cross-section piles. 300 × 300 mm., Also does not cause difficulties in manufacturing.

Monolithic floors and coatings are calculated and designed to load under the specific conditions of construction sites.

Claims (1)

The construction of a closed multi-storey car parking for passenger cars with the separation of parking spaces with fences from prefabricated reinforced concrete panels and monolithic reinforced concrete floors with exhaust ducts mono-located in them, characterized in that it has parking spaces for cars located on three sides with blind walls located on each side both sides of the central passage, which are made of prefabricated flat reinforced concrete panels, and in monolithic reinforced concrete crossings ytiyah arranged zamonolichivayutsya and horizontal portions ventilation duct system, which for each floor ventilation compartment is completely autonomous and comprises a fire dampers.