RU136073U1 - MULTIFUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A multifunctional structure containing an underground floor connected with an underground passage through transport highways, with at least one staircase to access the ground surface, which contains lighting, as well as a superstructure and extension with common load-bearing structures and with a staircase for entrance from the ground level to the public premises made in the superstructure, in which the means of power supply, heat supply and sanitary equipment are located, moreover, the extension building and dstroyki performed isolated from basement floors, roof, the perimeter of which covers the outer circumference of the basement stairs, and provided with means for drainage of precipitation to be connected to at stormwater territorii.2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with ventilation and smoke exhaust. 3. A construction according to any one of paragraphs 1 and 2, characterized in that it is equipped with ventilation and smoke exhaust, as well as an automatic control system and means of engineering support and communications. 4. A building according to any one of paragraphs 1 and 2, characterized in that it is made with a frame on which wall panels are installed, forming a single space-spatial complex as an element of the background of the architectural composition of the surrounding territory. 5. A construction according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the extension and superstructure structures are supported by the exit structure of the underpass and / or metro station, while the underground floor is made in a single building complex from the building underground system�

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The inventive utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction and reconstruction of transport and transportation hubs.

State of the art

It is known that a multifunctional building with a parking lot is located above the railway station (which is the technical floor) and along it on columns that pass through the platforms of railway platforms and are located along them in such a way that the overlap of the multifunctional center installed on the columns of the lower floor serves as a canopy over railway platforms, while the premises of the multifunctional center (superstructure) are connected to the pedestrian zone adjacent to the building by elevated walkways located at least on one of the sides of the building (extension), which has the greatest length, and the parking lot is located above the multifunctional center and is made in the form of a slab supported on columns and having a perimeter fence, and the entrance and exit to the parking lot made in the form of ramps located on columns on opposite sides of the building, and in the slab of the parking lot are covered openings equipped with devices for moving, preferably in the form of stairs or and escalators and / or elevators, on the floors of a multifunctional center. Platforms of railway platforms can be isolated from the multifunctional center located above it, and the entrance and exit to the multifunctional center is carried out through the above-mentioned overpasses (RU No. 52898).

The disadvantages of this building are the inability to fully support the life support systems of the superstructure using the equipment of the railway station, the large heat loss to the atmosphere, the limited range of possible designations of the superstructure, the limited choice of places suitable for the location of the building, preventing its construction in areas near residential buildings and reducing attractiveness This area of reconstruction of developed urban areas for investors.

There is also a multifunctional building located above a highway or intersection (representing a technical floor), at an altitude that is safe for vehicles to move under it, on supports supported by foundations, the second floor (superstructure) of which is designed to serve and move pedestrians through the transport highway or intersection, and subsequent floors for multifunctional use, and containing ceilings, enclosing wall structures, columns, roofing and means for entry and pedestrians entering and leaving the building installed outside the carriageway, the first floor is overlapped in the form of a bridge span structure on pillars located directly outside the carriageway of the transport highway or intersection, and cantilever stands for these pillars (extension), and the enclosing wall structures and columns are installed on the floor of each floor. Enclosing wall structures and columns of the second floor are placed on the bridge span structure, enclosing wall structures and columns of each subsequent floor are located on the ceiling of the previous floor. Means for entry and exit of pedestrians to and from the building are made in the form of stairs and / or escalators and / or elevators located inside the supports. Part of the roof located above the openings of the floors is made of light transmitting material (RU No. 96156).

The disadvantages of this building are the inability to fully support the life support systems of the superstructure using the equipment of the railway station, the large heat loss to the atmosphere, the limited range of possible designations of the superstructure, the limited choice of places suitable for the location of the building, preventing its construction in areas near residential buildings and reducing the attractiveness of this area of reconstruction of developed urban areas for investors.

Also known is a multifunctional structure, which is a metro station, having a building system for an underground stopping point with civil defense devices, including structures, devices and facilities for servicing the station and operating personnel of the station, the metro station is made in a single building complex from a building system for a stopping point with protective devices of civil defense and an additional system of structures located in to the underground excavation above the stopping point, the construction complex includes unified structures of the external load-bearing walls located around the perimeter of the building complex, unified structures of the supporting intermediate supporting elements located between the structures of the external load-bearing walls, a foundation element placed on a soil base with the base on the lower part of the external structure bearing walls, structures of supporting intermediate supporting elements and coating element, the complex includes dividing elements, elements nodal connections and reinforcing structural elements, supporting elements of internal walls, common structures of supporting intermediate supporting elements and / or common structures of external supporting walls in their lower part under the base plate are pinched with a soil base (RU No. 126037, prototype).

The disadvantages of this structure are the complexity of its construction, due to the location of additional premises of the station’s superstructure directly above the platforms of the existing deep-laying station, completely below the level of the ground surrounding territory, the difficulty of individual waterproofing from groundwater, and the need to use underground engineering systems, as well as the narrowness of the functional capabilities, not providing for the beneficial use of the surrounding area.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical task of the utility model is the creation of an effective multifunctional structure, as well as the expansion of the arsenal of multifunctional buildings, in particular, on the basis of underground passages through transport highways and / or associated exits from subway stations.

The technical result, which provides a solution to the problem, is that the expansion of the functionality of a limited area of the city territory is ensured, as well as the simplification of the design of the structure with standard waterproofing, which does not require large-scale and rather complicated and dangerous tunneling and installation work in the ground above a deep underground station or shallow laying and / or underground passage, with the simultaneous introduction into the economic turnover of additional areas directly in the ie the current exit of passengers, the reduction of energy losses in the heating output of the metro and the removal of precipitation, increased the attractiveness of the areas of reconstruction or new construction for investors

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the multifunctional building contains an underground floor connected with the underpass through transport highways with at least one staircase to access the ground surface, which contains lighting, as well as a superstructure and an extension with common load-bearing structures and with a staircase for entry from the ground level to the public premises made in the superstructure, in which the means of electricity, heat supply and sanitary equipment are located anija, wherein premises extensions and superstructure are made isolated from basement floors, roof, the perimeter of which covers the outer circumference of the basement stairs, and provided with means for drainage of precipitation, connectable to stormwater on site.

Preferably, the structure is equipped with ventilation and smoke exhaust, as well as an automatic control system for the means of engineering support and communications.

Preferably, the structure is made with a frame on which hinged wall panels are installed, forming a single volumetric-spatial complex as an element of the background of the architectural composition of the surrounding area.

Preferably, the structures of the extension and the superstructure are supported by the exit structure of the underpass and / or the subway station, the underground floor being made in a single building complex from the building system of the underground floor and the extension with the superstructure.

Preferably, the underground floor is an exit from the underground passage, made at the same time as the lobby of the subway station.

Preferably, the means of power supply, communication, heat supply, ventilation, smoke removal and sanitary equipment are at least partially connected to the corresponding means and equipment of the subway.

In special cases of implementation, the underground floor is made with two opposite stairs, and the structure has a recreation area and is equipped with elevators and escalators.

List of drawings

In the drawing of FIG. 1 shows a view of the underground floor at minus 4.2 m below the level of the territory in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the structure at the level of the territory at the level of 0.0 m, in FIG. 3 is a sectional view of FIG. 1 on the floor of the superstructure corresponding to the mark of 3.7 m above the level of the territory, in FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section through the structure; FIG. 5 is a transverse section of the structure.

The multifunctional structure comprises an underground floor 1 connected to an underground passage 2 through transport highways with at least one staircase 3 (in Fig. There are three stairs 3) to exit to the ground surface in which the lighting means (not shown) are located. In addition, the structure contains a superstructure 4 and annex 5 with common load-bearing structures (not shown) and with a ladder 6 for entry from the ground level into the public buildings 7, 8, 9, 10, which are installed in the superstructure, in which the means of electricity, heat and sanitary equipment 11 Rooms 7-10 of extension 5 and superstructure 4 are made of insulated ceilings 12 from the underground floor 1, with a roof 13, the perimeter of which covers at least the outer perimeter of the stairs 3 of the underground floor 1, and are equipped with precipitation wastewater connected by drains (not shown) to storm sewers in the territory.

The facility is equipped with ventilation and smoke exhaust 16, as well as an automatic control and management system for engineering support and communications, including ventilation and heat supply (not shown).

The construction was carried out with a frame 14, on which hinged wall panels 15 are installed, forming a single space-spatial complex as an element of the background of the architectural composition of the surrounding area. Equivalent options for other structures of the superstructure 4 and the extension 5 are possible (load-bearing walls, monolithic frame, etc.).

The structures of the extension 5 and the superstructure 4 are supported by the exit structure of the underpass and / or metro station, while the underground floor 1 is made in a single building complex from the building system of the underground floor 1 and the extension 5 with the superstructure 4.

The underground floor 1 is, as a rule, the exit from the underpass 2, made at the same time as the lobby of the subway station.

Means of power supply, communication, heat supply, air conditioning, ventilation, smoke removal and sanitary equipment are at least partially connected to the corresponding means and equipment of the subway.

Underground floor 1 is made with two oppositely directed stairs 3.

The facility has a recreational area and is equipped with elevators and escalators (not shown). Offices, trade organizations, public catering establishments, etc. can be located in rooms 7-10 of public use.

A multifunctional structure is operated as follows.

Passengers arriving at the metro station or simply passing the highway, from the underground floor 1, stairs 3 rise from passage 2 to the territory. They have the opportunity, without going out into the open space and without wasting time on stairs 6 (or on the elevator, if any) to get into rooms 7-10 and use offices, trade organizations, catering establishments and their equipment for their intended purpose. In case of bad weather, passengers can perform many actions without leaving the territory in the rain, during heat and other undesirable weather conditions. Moreover, they are effectively protected from emergency situations due to the presence of heat supply, ventilation, smoke exhaust systems 16, since the corresponding units can be rationally placed in annex 5 and superstructure 4, the emissions of which will be emitted to the atmosphere above the level of the territory through which the passenger flow moves.

At the same time, stairs 3 and underground floor 1 are protected from undesirable climatic influences without additional costs, since they are located under roof 13.

As a result of using this technical solution in cramped urban conditions, it becomes possible to use the space above the entrances to the underground passages and a small piece of land between the passages, which is not even used as a sidewalk, because the movement of human flow occurs parallel to the roadway, along the stairs 3 transitions.

The entrances to the underground passages 2 can be “open” and can be “closed” - in the form of glass vestibules, both of which can be built up by installing a metal supporting frame with hinged panels 15. Other constructions of the superstructure (supporting walls, monolithic frame and etc.).

Communications are removed from the premises of underground passages 2 and / or the metro station (cold, hot water, heating, sewage, electrics). With a lack of capacity of the used metro communications, it is necessary to connect additional communications of the city.

The multi-purpose building above the metro entrances is located in areas near residential buildings and is attractive in this direction for the reconstruction of developed urban areas for investors.

Thus, an effective multifunctional structure was created, and the arsenal of multifunctional structures was also expanded.

This solves the problem of expanding the functionality of a limited area of the city territory, as well as simplifying the design of the structure with standard waterproofing, which does not require large-scale and rather complex and dangerous tunneling and installation work in the ground above the underground station of deep or shallow laying and / or underground passage, with simultaneous the introduction of additional space into the economic turnover directly in the area of the existing exit of passengers, reducing energy losses on heating in exits from the metro and removal of rainfall, the attractiveness of this direction of reconstruction or new construction for investors has been increased.

Claims (9)

1. A multifunctional structure containing an underground floor connected with an underground passage through transport highways, with at least one staircase to access the ground surface, which contains lighting, as well as a superstructure and extension with common load-bearing structures and with a staircase for entrance from the ground level to the public premises made in the superstructure, in which the means of power supply, heat supply and sanitary equipment are located, moreover, the extension building and dstroyki performed isolated from basement floors, roof, the perimeter of which covers the outer circumference of the basement stairs, and provided with drainage means precipitation connectable to stormwater on site. 2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with ventilation and smoke exhaust. 3. The construction according to any one of paragraphs.1 and 2, characterized in that it is equipped with ventilation and smoke exhaust, as well as an automatic control system and means of engineering support and communications. 4. The construction according to any one of paragraphs.1 and 2, characterized in that it is made with a frame on which mounted wall panels are installed, forming a single volumetric-spatial complex as an element of the background of the architectural composition of the surrounding area. 5. A building according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the extension and superstructure constructions are supported by the exit structure of the underpass and / or metro station, while the underground floor is made in a single building complex from the building system of the underground floor and the extension with a superstructure . 6. The construction according to any one of paragraphs 1 and 2, characterized in that the underground floor is an exit from the underground passage, made at the same time as the lobby of the subway station. 7. The construction according to claim 5, characterized in that the means of power supply, communication, heat supply, ventilation, smoke exhaust and sanitary equipment are at least partially connected to the corresponding means and equipment of the subway. 8. The construction according to any one of paragraphs.1 and 2, characterized in that the underground floor is made with two oppositely directed stairs. 9. The building according to any one of paragraphs.1 and 2, characterized in that the structure has a recreation area and is equipped with elevators and escalators.

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