RU89177U1 - PNEUMATIC FUEL SPRAY DIESEL - Google Patents

Abstract

Diesel with pneumatic atomization of fuel, including a reciprocating internal combustion engine with a crank mechanism and piston, inlet and outlet valves, a pneumatic nozzle and compressor, characterized in that it is equipped with a Stirling engine with a cavity for the passage of exhaust gases, which communicates with the receiver through the compressor by means of a pipeline, and an air duct connected to a pneumatic nozzle equipped with an electronic control unit, while the Stirling engine is connected to a piston engine internal combustion through the exhaust pipe.

Description

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building and can be used to increase the efficiency of the conversion of thermochemical energy of combusted fuel into mechanical work.

Known diesel with pneumatic atomization of fuel - "compressor diesel" (Balyan S.V. Technical thermodynamics and heat engines. M. - L .: Mashgiz, 1958. - 311 S.), which is a piston internal combustion engine containing a crank a connecting rod mechanism, a piston, an intake and exhaust valve, a pneumatic nozzle for spraying liquid fuel in a cylinder using compressed air, and equipped with a compressor for generating compressed air driven from the crankshaft of the piston engine internally nnego combustion.

The disadvantage of this engine is the expenditure of a significant part of the energy produced during expansion (18-20%) on the compression of air in the compressor and a corresponding decrease in power removed from the crankshaft. The consequence of this drawback was the cessation of the production of diesel engines with pneumatic atomization of fuel in the first half of the 20th century.

This engine is the closest to the proposed technical essence and adopted as a prototype.

The objective of the proposal is to eliminate the cost of energy produced during expansion for the production of compressed air and thus increase the power removed from the crankshaft by an appropriate amount.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the intake system of the diesel engine is equipped with a recycling thermocompressor based on the Stirling engine, which, using the heat of the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, produces compressed air, which provides pneumatic atomization of the fuel in the diesel cylinder.

An analysis of the proposed solution and the known ones allows us to conclude that it meets the patentability conditions of the utility model.

The proposed diesel engine with pneumatic atomization of fuel is an internal combustion engine comprising a housing 1 with a crank mechanism 2, a piston 3, an intake 4, an exhaust 5 valves, an exhaust pipe 6 and a pneumatic nozzle 7 with an electronic control unit 8; a fuel tank 9 with a fuel line 10; Stirling engine 11 with a cavity for the passage of exhaust gases 12; a compressor 13 in communication with a pipe 14 to a receiver 15, which is connected by an air pipe 16 to a pneumatic nozzle 7.

The proposed diesel engine with pneumatic atomization of fuel operates as follows.

After the completion of the next working cycle, the exhaust gases from the above-piston space through the exhaust valve 4 through the exhaust pipe 6 enter the cavity 12 surrounding the heater of the Stirling engine 11. The power generated by the Stirling engine is used to compress the air in the compressor 13. Compressed air is supplied through line 14 into the receiver 15, from where it enters the pneumatic nozzle 7 through the air line 16, into which fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 9 through the fuel line 10.

A new duty cycle begins with the piston 3 moving down with the intake valve 5 open, through which the over-piston space is filled with air from the atmosphere. After the piston 3 reaches its extreme lower position, the intake valve 5 closes and when the piston 3 moves from the lower extreme position to the upper extreme position, air is compressed. When the piston 3 approaches its extreme upper position in highly compressed and heated air above the piston 3, the electronic control unit 8 opens the nozzle hole of the pneumatic nozzle 7, and fuel is sprayed into the supra-piston space under the pressure of the air coming from the receiver 14. The high temperature in the above-piston space provides self-ignition of the fuel and, under the action of expanding combustion products, the piston 3 moves to its lowest position, doing useful work. The subsequent movement of the piston 3 to the upper extreme position is accompanied by expulsion of exhaust gases through the exhaust valve 4, which through the exhaust pipe 6 enter the cavity 12 surrounding the heater of the Stirling engine 11 and the duty cycle is repeated.

Compared with the prototype in the proposed diesel engine with pneumatic atomization of fuel, the compressor is driven by the heat of the exhaust gases, which eliminates the cost of part of the generated energy to produce compressed air, as a result of which the efficiency of converting the thermochemical energy of the burned fuel into mechanical work increases by 18-20%.

Claims (1)

Diesel with pneumatic atomization of fuel, including a reciprocating internal combustion engine with a crank mechanism and piston, inlet and outlet valves, a pneumatic nozzle and compressor, characterized in that it is equipped with a Stirling engine with a cavity for the passage of exhaust gases, which communicates with the receiver through the compressor by means of a pipeline, and by an air duct connected to a pneumatic nozzle equipped with an electronic control unit, while the Stirling engine is connected to a piston engine internal combustion through the exhaust pipe.