RU85561U1 - COMBINED STEAM-GAS ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

A combined steam-gas engine containing a crankcase, a crosshead crank mechanism, a cylinder with a piston moving in it, equipped with a pair of inlet and a pair of exhaust valves, inlet and outlet nozzles, injectors equipped with solenoid valves, one for supplying fuel and the other for water, a fuel tank and a water tank, characterized in that the cavity above the piston is connected to the cavity under the piston by a manifold with a catalytic converter with a heat accumulator.

Description

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building and can be used to more fully convert the energy of combusted fuel into mechanical work.

Combined engines are known, including a piston internal combustion engine and a recovery engine.

A solid engine with separated gas generation processes (Rudnev V.V., Kukis BC, Khasanova M.L. A heat engine with separated gas generation processes: Utility Model Patent. RU 51111 U1 F01K 7/00. 01/27/2006. Bull. No. 03 ), which contains: a two-stroke piston engine having a crankcase with a cylinder, a piston with a rod, a crosshead crank mechanism and a combustion chamber made separately from the cylinder, connected by manifolds to the cylinder cavities.

The disadvantage of this engine is the significant removal of the combustion chamber from the pump cavity, and therefore it is almost impossible to increase the compression ratio and increase the indicator efficiency.

Also known is a combined-cycle engine (Kukis BC, Khasanova M.L., Rudnev V.V., Bystrov O.I. Combined combined-cycle engine. Utility model patent. RU 70938 U1 F02G 5/02. 02.20.2008. Bull. No. 5) consists of a crankcase, a crosshead crank mechanism, a cylinder with a piston moving in it, a fuel nozzle and a nozzle for water injection, fuel and water tanks. The cylinder is divided by the piston into two volumes, the upper volume works according to the Diesel cycle, and hot exhaust gases are supplied to the lower volume through the collector and their heat is used to overheat and turn water into steam at the expansion stroke, i.e. as a steam engine.

The disadvantage of this design is the large heat loss of the exhaust hot gases in the collector.

This engine design is the closest to the proposed technical essence and is taken as a prototype.

The objective of the proposal is to reduce the loss of heat of exhaust gases when flowing from a cavity with a diesel cycle into a cavity with steam, to ensure high efficiency of the conversion of thermochemical energy of the burned fuel into mechanical work, and more efficient use of the heat of the exhaust gas for vaporization.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed combined-cycle engine, the exhaust gases generated from the process of burning fuel and the subsequent expansion of the combustion products with the completion of work are bypassed through a catalytic converter with a heat accumulator to stabilize and increase their temperature due to the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons, this allows partially reduce their toxicity and increase the efficiency of subsequent vaporization, which occurs due to waste energy gas, followed by expansion and completion of work.

An analysis of the proposed solution and the known ones allows us to conclude that it meets the patentability conditions of the utility model.

The proposal is illustrated in the figure (figure 1), which shows the basic structure of a combined combined cycle engine.

The proposed combined-cycle engine contains: a crankcase 1 with a crosshead crank mechanism 2, a cylinder 3 with a piston 4 moving in it, nozzles 5 and 6, through one of which (5) fuel is injected, and through the other (6) - water; a fuel tank 7 and a water tank 8. The cylinder 3 of the combined-cycle gas engine is equipped with inlet valves 9, 10 and exhaust valves 11, 12, inlet 13 and outlet 14 pipes. The nozzles 5 and 6 are equipped with solenoid valves 15 and 16. The fuel tank 7 is connected by a fuel line 17 to the nozzle 5, the water tank 8 is connected by a pipe 18 to the nozzle 6. The cavity above the piston is connected to the cavity under the piston of the manifold 19, on which the catalytic converter 20 s is installed thermal battery 21.

Combined combined-cycle engine operates as follows. In the last cycle of the next working cycle, when the piston 4 completes its movement to the top dead center, the exhaust gases from the over-piston cavity of the cylinder 3 through the exhaust valve 11 through the manifold 19 pass to the catalytic converter 20, where their temperature rises, then they are sent to the intake valve 10 and through it is filled with a piston cavity of the cylinder 3. The catalytic converter 20 is installed in the heat accumulator 21 to stabilize the temperature.

As soon as the piston 4 begins to move from the top dead center to the bottom, the intake valve 10 closes and compression of the combustion products located in the sub-piston cavity occurs. At the moment when the piston 4 approaches the bottom dead center, water is injected through the nozzle 6, controlled by the solenoid valve 16, which enters through the pipe 18 from the tank 8. and intense vaporization occurs. The pairs, expanding, press on the piston 4 from the bottom and move it up, doing the job. Through the crosshead crank mechanism 2, this work is transmitted to the exit of the cylinder 3 and can be useful.

Simultaneously with the described process taking place in the sub-piston cavity when the piston 4 is moved from the top to the bottom dead center, air enters the supra-piston cavity through the inlet pipe 13 and the inlet valve 9 - suction occurs.

At the moment when the steam begins to expand in the subpiston cavity, moving the piston 4 towards the top dead center position, the inlet valve 9 closes and a strong compression of the air occurs in the suprapiston cavity. At the moment when the piston 4 approaches the top dead center, fuel injected through the fuel pipe 17 from the tank 7 is injected through the nozzle 5, which is controlled by the solenoid valve 15. The fuel ignites and the combustion products cause the piston to move from the top dead center to the bottom, doing work . Through the crosshead crank mechanism 2, this work is transmitted to the exit of the cylinder 3 and can be useful.

At this time, the exhaust valve 12 opens and the expanded water vapor from the subpiston cavity is pushed into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 14.

After the piston 4 reaches the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve 12 closes and as soon as the piston 4 begins to move back to the top dead center, the exhaust valve 11 opens and the duty cycle is repeated.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed combined-cycle gas engine reduces the toxicity of vapors emitted into the atmosphere, increases the efficiency of the process of vaporization, with subsequent expansion and completion of the work occurring by increasing the energy of the exhaust gases in the catalytic converter, the temperature of which is stabilized by a heat accumulator.

Claims (1)

A combined steam-gas engine containing a crankcase, a crank mechanism made of a crosshead, a cylinder with a piston moving in it, equipped with a pair of inlet and a pair of exhaust valves, inlet and outlet nozzles, nozzles equipped with solenoid valves, one for supplying fuel, and the other water, a fuel tank and a water tank, characterized in that the cavity above the piston is connected to the cavity under the piston by a collector with a catalytic converter with a heat accumulator.