RU87469U1 - COMBINED STEAM-GAS ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

Combined steam-gas engine containing a crankcase, a crosshead crank mechanism, a cylinder with a piston moving in it, equipped with a pair of intake and a pair of exhaust valves, intake and exhaust manifolds, injectors equipped with solenoid valves, one for supplying fuel and the other for water , a fuel tank and a water tank, characterized in that a turbocharger is attached to the manifolds, connected through a manifold to a condenser having an outlet pipe and a liquid pump connected by a pipe to the water tank.

Description

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building and can be used to more fully convert the energy of combusted fuel into mechanical work.

Combined engines are known, including a piston internal combustion engine and a recovery engine.

A solid engine with separated gas generation processes (Rudnev V.V., Kukis BC, Khasanova M.L. A heat engine with separated gas generation processes: Utility Model Patent. RU 51111 U1 F01K 7/00. 01/27/2006. Bull. No. 03 ), which contains: a two-stroke piston engine having a crankcase with a cylinder, a piston with a rod, a crosshead crank mechanism and a combustion chamber made separately from the cylinder, connected by manifolds to the cylinder cavities.

The disadvantage of this engine is the significant removal of the combustion chamber from the pump cavity, making it difficult to increase the degree of compression and increase the indicator efficiency.

Also known is a combined-cycle engine (Kukis BC, Khasanova M.L., Rudnev V.V., Bystrov O.I. Combined combined-cycle engine. Utility model patent. RU 70938 U1 F02G 5/02. 02.20.2008. Bull. No. 5) consists of a crankcase, a crosshead crank mechanism, a cylinder with a piston moving in it, a fuel nozzle and a nozzle for injecting water, fuel and water tanks. The cylinder is divided by the piston into two volumes, the upper volume works according to the Diesel cycle, and hot exhaust gases are supplied to the lower volume through the collector, and their heat is used for overheating and turning water into steam at the expansion stroke, according to the principle of the steam engine.

The disadvantage of this design is the insufficient full use of steam energy in the expansion stroke, and the low filling ratio of the upper volume due to the high backpressure when transferring hot exhaust gases to the lower volume.

This engine design is the closest to the proposed technical essence and is taken as a prototype.

The objective of the proposal is to increase the mass filling of the cylinders through the use of steam energy, in order to increase the efficiency of converting the thermochemical energy of the burned fuel into mechanical work, and more economical use of water intended for vaporization.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed combined-cycle engine the energy of the mixture of exhaust gases and steam, which has a sufficiently high potential, is used in a turbocharger to pump a fresh charge of air, thereby increasing the mass filling at the inlet of the combined-cycle engine. And the steam at the outlet condenses into water and is reused in the duty cycle.

An analysis of the proposed solution and the known ones allows us to conclude that it meets the conditions of patentability of a utility model.

The proposal is illustrated in the figure (figure 1), which shows the basic structure of a combined combined cycle engine.

The proposed combined-cycle engine contains: a crankcase 1 with a crosshead crank mechanism 2, a cylinder 3 with a piston 4 moving in it, nozzles 5 and 6 equipped with electromagnetic valves 7 and 8, through which (5) fuel is injected, and through the other ( 6) water; coming through pipeline 9 from the fuel tank 10, and through pipeline 11 from the water tank 12. The cylinder 3 of the combined-cycle engine is equipped with inlet valves 13, 14 and exhaust valves 15, 16, inlet 17 and exhaust manifolds 18 connected to the turbocharger 19. The cavity above the piston is connected to the cavity under the piston manifold 20. The turbocharger 19 through the collector 21 is connected to the condenser 22 with the exhaust pipe 23 and a liquid pump 24 connected by a pipe 25 to the water tank 12.

Combined combined-cycle engine operates as follows. In the last cycle of the next working cycle, when the piston 4 completes the movement to the top dead center, the exhaust gases from the supra-piston cavity of the cylinder 3 through the exhaust valve 15 along the manifold 20 are directed to the intake valve 14 and through it the piston cavity of the cylinder 3 is filled.

As soon as the piston 4 starts moving from the top dead center to the bottom, the intake valve 14 closes and compression of the combustion products located in the sub-piston cavity occurs. At the moment when the piston 4 approaches the bottom dead center, water injecting through the pipe 11 from the tank 12 is injected through the nozzle 6, controlled by the electromagnetic valve 8, intense vaporization occurs. The pairs, expanding, press on the piston 4 from the bottom and move it up, doing the job. Through the crosshead crank mechanism 2, this work can be useful.

Simultaneously with the described process, which occurs in the sub-piston cavity when the piston 4 moves from the top to the bottom dead center, air from the turbocharger 19 enters the supra-piston cavity through the intake manifold 17 and intake valve 13 - air is injected.

At the moment when the steam begins to expand in the subpiston cavity, moving the piston 4 towards the top dead center position, the inlet valve 13 closes and a strong compression of the air occurs in the suprapiston cavity. At the moment when the piston 4 approaches the top dead center, fuel injected through the fuel line 9 from the tank 10 is injected through the nozzle 5, which is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 7, and the fuel ignites and the combustion products cause the piston to move from the top dead center to the bottom . Through the crosshead crank mechanism 2, this work can be useful.

At this time, the exhaust valve 16 opens and the expanded water vapor from the subpiston cavity through the exhaust manifold 18 is fed to the turbocharger 19, forcing it to pump air into the intake manifold 17.

After the piston 4 reaches the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve 16 closes and as soon as the piston 4 begins to move back to the top dead center, the exhaust valve 14 opens and the duty cycle is repeated.

The exhaust steam from the turbocharger 19 through the collector 21 enters the condenser 22, where the steam condenses into water, and the exhaust gases through the pipe 23 are released into the atmosphere. The water formed in the condenser 22 is pumped out by the pump 24 through a pipe 25 to the water tank 12 and is subsequently used again for vaporization.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed combined-cycle gas engine reduces the toxicity of vapors emitted into the atmosphere, increases the efficiency of use of the heat of combustible fuel, and through the use of a turbocompressor, the power and economic indicators for the use of waste energy from exhaust gases increase. The use of a condenser saves the water used for vaporization.

Claims (1)

A combined-cycle gas engine containing a crankcase, a crank mechanism made of a crosshead, a cylinder with a piston moving in it, equipped with a pair of inlet and a pair of exhaust valves, intake and exhaust manifolds, nozzles equipped with solenoid valves, one for supplying fuel, and the other for water , a fuel tank and a water tank, characterized in that a turbocompressor is connected to the collectors, connected through a collector to a condenser having an exhaust pipe and a liquid pump connected to uboprovodom with water tank.