RU2338914C2 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: internal combustion engine incorporates crankshaft, con-rod, piston pin, cylinder, intake and outlet valves, inlet and outlet manifolds, turbo-compressor, nozzle to inject water into the outlet manifold and pipeline to feed water to the aforesaid nozzle. In compliance with this invention, the aforesaid pipeline feeding water to the nozzle is furnished with the fuel combustion product heat regenerator and water is injected into the outlet manifold in overheated state.

EFFECT: increased steam formation speed in injecting water into outlet manifold and improved enthalpy of combustion products.

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Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines (ICE) and can be used in automobile, tractor, ship and stationary ICE.

Known ICE with continued expansion of the products of combustion of fuel and working with the supply of heat in the duty cycle at a constant volume, at a constant pressure, with a mixed supply of heat [Internal combustion engines: Design and operation of piston and combined engines. V.P. Alekseev et al. / Under the general. ed. A.S. Orlina, M.G. Kruglova. - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1990. - 288 p.] And containing a crankshaft, connecting rod, piston pin, piston, working cylinder, head with gas distribution valves installed in it, an intake and exhaust manifold, and a turbocharger. Air enters the turbocompressor inlet, driven by a turbine rotated by exhaust gases, with a pressure close to atmospheric. The disadvantage of this engine is the incomplete use of the heat of the exhaust gases.

Known ICE with continued expansion of the products of combustion of fuel and working with the supply of heat in the duty cycle at a constant volume, at constant pressure, with a mixed supply of heat [SU 731007, F02B 37/00, 1980, 3 S.] and containing a crankshaft, connecting rod, piston pin, piston, cylinder, intake and exhaust valve, intake and exhaust manifolds, turbocharger, as well as water injection into the exhaust manifold.

The disadvantage of this engine is the low rate of vaporization during water injection.

The technical task of this invention is the use of the heat of the combustion products of fuel to increase the rate of vaporization during the injection of water into the exhaust manifold, which will lead to a more rapid increase in the enthalpy of the combustion products of fuel compared to the prototype.

The technical problem is solved in an internal combustion engine containing a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a piston pin, a piston, a working cylinder, a head with gas distribution valves installed in it, an intake and exhaust manifold, a turbocharger, an nozzle for injecting water into the fuel combustion products installed in the exhaust manifold between the exhaust valve and the turbine, a pipeline for supplying water to the nozzle, equipped with a heat regenerator of the products of fuel combustion into the internal energy of the water.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that water is supplied to the nozzle and is injected in an overheated state through a pipeline equipped with a heat regenerator of the fuel combustion products into the internal energy of the water.

When superheated water is injected, its evaporation is intensified due to internal heat supply, which leads to an increase in the rate of increase in the enthalpy of exhaust gases entering the turbine inlet, which leads to an increase in the boost pressure of the turbocharger.

The drawing shows a diagram of the internal combustion engine of the proposed design.

The internal combustion engine contains at least a crankshaft 1, a connecting rod 2, a piston pin 3, a piston 4, a cylinder 5, an intake valve 6, an exhaust valve 7, an intake manifold 8, an exhaust manifold 9, a turbocharger 10, a nozzle for injecting water 11 and a pipe 12 water supply to the nozzle and a heat regenerator of the products of fuel combustion 13.

The proposed internal combustion engine works with the continued expansion of the products of fuel combustion and works with the supply of heat in the duty cycle at a constant volume, at a constant pressure, with a mixed supply of heat as follows.

Atmospheric air is supplied to the compressor of the turbocharger 10 and is pumped into the inlet pipe 8, from where it enters the cylinder 5 through the inlet valve 6 during the movement of the piston 4 from the top dead center (TDC) to the bottom dead center (BDC). Further, when the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7 are closed, the compression stroke follows when the piston 4 moves from the BDC to the BDC and then the expansion cycle when the piston moves from the BDC to the BDC and the exhaust stroke of the fuel combustion products when the piston moves from the BDC to BDC with the exhaust valve open 7. When the fuel combustion products move through the exhaust manifold 9, water is injected into them through the nozzle 11, supplied through the pipe 12 and preheated in the heat regenerator of the fuel combustion products 13, which evaporates due to the excess of its internal th power supply due to the heat from the exhaust gases and the hot surfaces of the exhaust manifold. On the turbine wheel of the turbocharger, the gas-vapor mixture does the work, while lowering its pressure to atmospheric.

Claims (1)

An internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft, connecting rod, piston pin, piston, cylinder, intake and exhaust valves, intake and exhaust manifolds, a turbocharger, an injector for injecting water into an exhaust manifold, and a water supply pipe to the nozzle, characterized in that the water supply pipe It is equipped with a heat regenerator of fuel combustion products, and water is injected into the exhaust manifold in an overheated state.