RU56968U1 - HEAT POWER PLANT WITH SEPARATE COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION PROCESSES - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building and can be used to increase the efficiency of the conversion of thermochemical energy of combusted fuel into mechanical work. The proposed heat power installation includes: a working cylinder 1 with an electric winding 2 on the outer surface and a piston-armature 3 inside, inlet 4, 5 and exhaust 6, 7 valves, exhaust pipes 8, 9, inlet ducts 10, 11, nozzles 12, 13 with electric drive; fuel tank 14 with fuel lines 15, 16; Stirling engine 17 with a cavity for the passage of exhaust gases 18 and exhaust valves 19, 20; a compressor 21 connected by a pipe 22 to the receiver 23. 1 pp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building and can be used to increase the efficiency of the conversion of thermochemical energy of combusted fuel into mechanical work.

Heat power plants with separate compression and expansion processes are known.

Known thermal power plant with separate processes of compression and expansion (Sukhov A. Exhaust cleaner air // Driving. - 2001. No. 4.), which contains two cylinders of different diameters with valves. These cylinders are V-shaped and connected by channels to a spherical chamber located between them and having inlet and outlet valves. When the piston in the small cylinder moves downward, it sucks in outside air into the over-piston space. Then, when moving upward, the piston compresses the air (cylinder inlet valve is closed, spherical chamber inlet valve is open, exhaust valve is closed). At the end of the compression stroke, the pressure rises to 20 bar. The inlet valve of the spherical chamber closes, and fuel is supplied to the chamber. Then, the spherical exhaust valve

the chamber opens, and combustion products are sent to a large cylinder, where expansion occurs. After expansion, the exhaust valve of the large cylinder opens and the exhaust gases escape into the atmosphere.

The disadvantages of the described design are:

1. The inability to fully expand (to atmospheric pressure) the combustion products in a large cylinder, since the pistons and the large and small cylinders are connected to the common crank by connecting rods.

2. The expenditure of part of the energy produced during expansion in the large cylinder, on the compression of air in the small cylinder.

Also known is a two-stroke internal combustion engine with separate compression and expansion processes (Perelstein B.X. Method of operation of a two-stroke internal combustion engine: Patent RU 2136920, 6 F 02 B 41/04. Publ. 10.09.99. Bull. No. 25), containing two cylinders equipped with valves, with pistons that are driven by a common crankshaft, and a receiver. The back of the piston when it moves down in one of the cylinders provides compression of the air and forcing it into the receiver. Compressed air flows from the receiver into two cylinders, where the fuel supplied there is burned and the combustion products expand almost to atmospheric

pressure due to twice the expansion volume compared to the compression volume.

The disadvantages of this engine is the expenditure of a part of the energy produced during expansion on air compression.

This engine design is the closest to the proposed technical essence and adopted as a prototype.

The objective of the proposal is to increase the efficiency of the conversion of thermochemical energy of combusted fuel into mechanical work.

The solution of this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed heat power plant with separate compression and expansion processes, the air compression process is carried out in a compressor driven by a Stirling engine (Reader G., Hooper C. Stirling Engines. - M .: Mir, 1986. - 464 s .), which works due to the heat of the exhaust gases emitted from the piston expansion machine, where the compressed air in the compressor is expanded, accompanied by fuel combustion.

An analysis of the proposed solution and the known ones allows us to conclude that it meets the patentability conditions of the utility model.

The proposal is illustrated in the figure (figure 1), which shows the basic structure of a heat power plant with

compression and expansion processes.

The proposed heat power plant with separate compression and expansion processes contains: a working cylinder 1 with an electric winding 2 on the outer surface and an inside armature piston 3, inlet 4, 5 and exhaust 6, 7 valves, exhaust pipes 8, 9, inlet air ducts 10, 11 , nozzles 12, 13 with electric drive; fuel tank 14 with fuel lines 15, 16; Stirling engine 17 with a cavity for the passage of exhaust gases 18 and exhaust valves 19, 20; a compressor 21 connected by a pipe 22 to the receiver 23.

The proposed heat power plant with separate compression and expansion processes works as follows.

When the piston-armature 3 moves to the right and approaches its extreme right position, the exhaust gases from the right cavity formed by the right bottom of the piston-armature 3, the walls of the working cylinder 1 and its right cover, through the open exhaust valve 7 through the exhaust pipe 9 enter the cavity 18, surrounding the Stirling engine heater 17 and heat it. After passing through the cavity 18, the exhaust gases are released into the atmosphere through the open exhaust valve 19. The power generated by the Stirling engine is used to compress the air in the compressor 21. Compressed and heated as a result

air through a pipe 22 is supplied to the receiver 23, from where through the air pipe 11 through the inlet valve 5 it enters the right cavity, formed by the right bottom of the piston-armature 3, the walls of the working cylinder 1 and its right cover. At the same time, fuel is injected into this cavity through the nozzle 13, which enters through the fuel line 16 from the fuel tank 14. The fuel entering the cylinder enters the compressed and hot air, ignites, and the combustion products expand and the armature piston 3 moves to the left. At this time, from the left cavity of the working cylinder, formed by the left bottom of the piston-armature 3, the walls of the cylinder 1 and its left cover, through the open exhaust valve 6 through the exhaust pipe 8, the exhaust gases generated in the previous cycle begin to flow into the cavity 18 surrounding the heater Stirling engine 17. At this point, the exhaust valve 19 is closed, and the exhaust valve 20 is opened and the exhaust gases passing through the cavity 18 and ensuring the operation of the Stirling engine 17 are released through the exhaust valve 20 into the atmosphere. The Stirling engine 17 continues to operate the compressor 23. At the moment of approaching the piston-armature 3 to the left cover of the working cylinder 1, the inlet valve 4 opens, through which compressed hot air flows through the air duct 10 into the left cavity formed by the left piston-armature 3, the walls of the working cylinder 1 and its left cover. AT

at the same time, fuel is injected into this cavity through the nozzle 12, coming through the fuel line 15 from the fuel tank 14. The fuel entering the cylinder enters the compressed and hot air, ignites, the combustion products expand, and the piston-armature 3 moves to the right, after which the described working the cycle repeats. The reciprocating movement of the piston-armature 3 inside the working cylinder 1 occurs simultaneously and inside the electric winding 2 located on its outer surface. As a result of this, an electromotive force (electric current) is induced in the electric winding 2, which is directed to the energy consumer.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed heat power installation does not have a mechanical connection between the compressor and the working cylinder, which allows it to fully expand the working fluid (to ambient pressure), and the organization of the compressor drive due to the heat of the exhaust gases eliminates the cost of generating part of the energy compressed air.

Claims (1)

A thermal power plant with separate compression and expansion processes, including a working cylinder, a compressor and a fuel tank, characterized in that it contains a receiver, a Stirling engine, operating due to the heat of exhaust gases leaving the working cylinder, and driving a compressor, the engine heater The Stirling is equipped with a cavity for the passage of exhaust gases, equipped with two exhaust valves, and the working cylinder is equipped with two inlet, two exhaust valves, two nozzles and with erzhit inside the piston-armature, and outside the electrical coil.